CN106769923B - A kind of vapor condensing characteristic measuring device based on laser absorption and scattering - Google Patents
A kind of vapor condensing characteristic measuring device based on laser absorption and scattering Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 168
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003075 superhydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 77
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 206010020852 Hypertonia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
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Abstract
The vapor condensing characteristic measuring device based on laser absorption and scattering that the invention discloses a kind of, including the condensation chamber to exchange heat for gas mixing and the optical measurement module being arranged in condensation chamber, condensation chamber is set in vacuum tank, and condensation chamber both ends are respectively equipped with air inlet and exhaust outlet；Air inlet has air intake and nitrogen inlet arranged side by side；Optical measurement module includes U-shaped support and the miniature laser generator and micro spectral detector that are arranged in U-shaped support two-arm；The second reflecting mirror and the 4th reflecting mirror are equipped with below miniature laser generator；The first reflecting mirror and third reflecting mirror are equipped with above micro spectral detector, lower section is equipped with micro temperature sensor.Condensation occurs in condenser pipe and forms water mist for vapor in air.Miniature laser generator can produce the laser of certain strength and wavelength, and laser intensity of the micro spectral detector measurement after absorption and scattering can accurately measure the volume fraction of water mist in air according to the corresponding relationship of light intensity and water mist concentration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fluid phase change experimental provisions, and in particular to a kind of to be condensed based on laser absorption and the vapor of scattering
Characteristic measuring device.
Background technique
Water mist extinguish electrical, naval vessel, building various types fire is widely used, in petroleum, natural gas line
There has also been certain application and development for conveying and mine gas anti-explosion explosion-suppression field.Water mist concentration is water mist feature in characterization space
One of important parameter.The research of the condensing characteristic of vapor and other gases is generally limited to exchange heat with the contact of solid
Research, such as gas are studied in the condensing characteristic of round tube inner surface or fin surface.The liquid that gas interior heat exchange condensation is formed
It is often misty, and lump together with gas, the amount for condensing the liquid of generation is difficult to measure, therefore gas interior heat exchange is cold
Solidifying characteristic research is extremely difficult.So wanting the condensing characteristic of learning gas internal heat, key is to realize what condensation generated
The measurement of the amount of liquid.
Currently, water mist measurement of concetration is generally by the way of conventional amounts agar diffusion method and weight method.These methods there are it is following not
Foot: 1) measurement process need to take a long time, and can not achieve real-time measurement；2) average water in certain volume space can only be measured
Mistiness degree can not achieve a measurement.
The foundation of absorption spectrum detection material concentration, which is substance, has characteristic absorption to light radiation, when beam of laser pass through to
When surveying gas, light can make it have changing features in intensity by substance selective absorbing.
The liquid that gas interior heat exchange condensation is formed is often mist, and mist is uniformly distributed in air, forms aerosol
Form, it is similar with gas to the absorption characteristic of the laser of certain strength and wavelength.However, different from pure gas, mist is by countless
Minute particles composition, these minute particles can also generate dispersion effect to specific spectrum, therefore mist is to certain strength
And the laser of wavelength has absorption and dispersion effect simultaneously.Absorption and scattering in conjunction with mist to the laser of certain strength and wavelength,
The water mist concentration that vapor condenses generation in air can be with rapid survey.
The Chinese patent literature of Publication No. CN101256130A discloses a kind of water content of high-precision coal gas machinery measurement
Method and device, its feature are that suitable superfine high-purity degree glass fibre is packed into inside glass filter cylinder, which is fixed
In in taper, it is fixed using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) adhesive tape, it, can will be in coal gas in the glass layer that it is formed
Mechanical water intercepts.Weight difference by accurate weighing equipped with glass fiber filter cylinder measurement front and back, and write down to flow through simultaneously and adopt
The gas flow of sample pipe can find out the mechanical water content in coal gas.The measurement accuracy of the device reaches 0.1mg/m3, but survey
Amount is primary to need 10 minutes, can not quickly measure water mist content in air in real time.
The Chinese patent literature that notification number is CN103558187A discloses a kind of water mist apparatus for measuring concentration and measurement side
Method is related to water mist concentration measuring apparatus, water mist concentration calibration device and water mist concentration measuring method.Water mist concentration measuring apparatus includes branch
Frame is mounted on the optical emitting unit and optical receiver unit of bracket two sides, gas flow purging device.Water mist concentration calibration device packet
The cabinet equipped with water fog generator is included, cabinet side is equipped with door leaf equipped with fog fan, the cabinet other side is blown, and cabinet is placed in pressure biography
On sensor, pressure acquisition instrument couples with pressure sensor.Measurement method is: preparation water mist concentration measuring apparatus, water mist concentration calibration
Device；It measures and establishes the corresponding sedimentation moment and be lauched mistiness degree and scatter the relational expression of voltage；The relational expression is placed in single-chip microcontroller
After in control circuit, so that it may water mist concentration measuring apparatus is mounted in real water mist environment, real-time measurement water mist concentration value.
However, there are following defects for the device and method:
1. the invention prevents lens to be stained in such a way that gas purging device blows air to diversing lens and receiving lens
Water mist, if measuring water mist concentration using the invention device in the atmospheric environment containing water mist, the air that blow device uses is same
Sample contains water mist, does not mention the pre-treatment that blow device has moisture filter in the invention, therefore in real atmosphere environment
Water mist measurement of concetration in lens can not be prevented to be stained with water mist；
2. determining that standard water mistiness degree uses following methods during the preparation water mist concentration calibration of the invention: " acquisition is blown
Weight difference, that is, T1 time point case intracorporal suspension water mist quality of suspension water mist front and back cabinet out, with the water mist quality divided by case
Body volume is the intracorporal water mist concentration of case ", the phase transition process bring that this method has ignored water influences, and blows out suspension water mist
Before, part water mist settles in cabinet, and the water mist during this is not always maintained at liquid, and water mist can gasify as water steaming
Gas, the influence that water phase becomes is not significant in a short time, but with the growth of sedimentation time, phase transition process is to water mist concentration
Calibration result influence is increasing, brings large error, and the calibration mode error which uses is larger；
3. mentioning water mist concentration value standard deviation in the summary of the invention is respectively less than 5g/m3, referring to " the object of Nanling hilly area thick fog
Reason feature " (Deng Xuejiao is equal in August, 2002 and is published in " tropical meteorology report " the 3rd phase volume 18), 0.2g/m3Water mist concentration
Already belong to thick fog range, 5g/m3Error do not allow in the water mist measurement of concetration of real atmosphere environment, measurement error
It has been far longer than measured value.
Summary of the invention
It is condensed in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of based on laser absorption and the vapor of scattering
Characteristic measuring device solves the problems, such as following present in gas interior heat exchange condensing characteristic research: small model inside flow field
The local water mist concentration enclosed is difficult to the problem of quick and precisely measuring；The measurement problem of the water mist concentration of different location；Heat transfer characteristic
The variable working condition control problem of research.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of vapor condensing characteristic measuring device based on laser absorption and scattering, including what is exchanged heat for gas mixing
Condensation chamber and the optical measurement module being arranged in condensation chamber, the condensation chamber are set in vacuum tank, condensation chamber both ends point
It She You not air inlet and exhaust outlet；The air inlet has air intake and nitrogen inlet arranged side by side；The optical measurement
Module includes U-shaped support and the miniature laser generator and micro spectral detector that are separately positioned in U-shaped support two-arm；It is described
Miniature laser generator below be provided with the second reflecting mirror and the 4th reflecting mirror；Setting above the micro spectral detector
There are the first reflecting mirror and third reflecting mirror, lower section is provided with micro temperature sensor.
It in above-mentioned technical proposal, is mixed in condensation chamber by air and low temperature nitrogen, makes the vapor in air
Condensation occurs and forms water mist.Vacuum tank is insulated condensation chamber and environment, and the miniature laser generator of optical measurement module can produce
The laser of certain strength and wavelength, this laser is successively in the first reflecting mirror, the second reflecting mirror, third reflecting mirror, the 4th reflecting mirror
Surface mirror-reflection occurs, be finally radiated on micro spectral detector, the air containing various concentration water mist is to specific strong
The absorptivity and scattered power of the laser of degree and wavelength are different, pass through micro spectral detector measurement swashing after absorption and scattering
Luminous intensity can measure the volume fraction of water mist in air, rapidly and accurately according to the corresponding relationship of light intensity and water mist concentration with this
Measure the water mist concentration in air.Micro temperature sensor below micro spectral detector can be used for measuring the gas at detection
Temperature.
Preferably, the first electrified rail being powered to micro spectral detector is equipped in the condensation chamber side by side
With the second electrified rail being powered to miniature laser generator；Between first electrified rail and the second electrified rail
Equipped with the electric signal for being used for transmission micro spectral detector and micro temperature sensor and micro temperature sensor is powered
Third electrified rail.Optical measurement module can be moved along three guide rails.
Preferably, the bottom of the U-shaped support be equipped with first passage, second channel and third channel, described first
Channel is equipped with the first contact block of the first electrified rail of connection, and the second channel is equipped with the second electrified rail of connection
Second contact block, the third channel are equipped with the third contact block of connection third electrified rail.
Preferably, being equipped with the microheater being equally spaced, microheater pair on the inside of the upper wall of the condensation chamber
Gas in condensation chamber carries out local heating, it is made to have different temperature in the different location along gas flow direction.
Preferably, the power guidance for being equipped with power sliding rail on the outside of the lower wall of the condensation chamber and being moved along power sliding rail
Block.
Preferably, the power sliding rail is connected with the stepper motor of control power bootstrap block movement.
Preferably, being respectively equipped with the first attracting permanent magnet at the top of the bottom of the U-shaped support and power bootstrap block
With the second permanent magnet, optical measurement module can be translated with power bootstrap block.
Preferably, the air intake is connected to warm and humid control cabinet by air intake conduit；The air inlet
Air air pump, air air valve and air flow meter are successively arranged on pipeline.The sky of condensation chamber is passed through by the control of warm and humid control cabinet
Temperature and moisture.Air air pump is for controlling the air mass flow for being passed through condensation chamber；Air air valve is used to control the switch of air pipe line；
Air flow meter is used to measure the flow for the air for being passed through condensation chamber.
Preferably, the nitrogen inlet is equipped with the liquid nitrogen container of liquid nitrogen heater by the connection of nitrogen inlet duct road；Institute
The nitrogen inlet duct road stated is successively arranged nitrogen air valve, nitrogen stream meter, nitrogen heater and nitrogen gas thermometer.Pass through liquid nitrogen
Heater fever makes liquid-nitrogen boiling gasify to form low temperature nitrogen, and the heating power for changing liquid nitrogen heater, which can be changed, is passed through condensation chamber
Nitrogen flow.Nitrogen air valve is the switch for controlling nitrogen pipeline；Nitrogen stream meter is for measuring the nitrogen for being passed through condensation chamber
The flow of gas；Nitrogen heater is used for heated nitrogen, changes the changeable nitrogen for being passed through condensation chamber of heating power of nitrogen heater
Temperature degree.Nitrogen gas thermometer is for measuring the nitrogen temperature for being passed through condensation chamber.
Preferably, the exhaust outlet is connected with the gas exhaust piping of exhaust valve, exhaust valve for control condensation chamber to
External environment discharges mixed gas.
Preferably, the micro spectral detector sealer, miniature laser generator camera lens, the first reflection
Mirror, the second reflecting mirror, third reflecting mirror and the 4th reflecting mirror, material used are super-hydrophobic glass, and water mist is prevented to be sticked to phase
Closing surface influences measurement accuracy.
Preferably, the liquid nitrogen container is equipped with safety valve, for preventing liquid nitrogen container hypertonia from exploding.
Preferably, the vapor condensing characteristic measuring device is equipped with controller, for controlling liquid nitrogen heater, nitrogen
The heating power of hot-air heater and microheater, while stepper motor is controlled, it is that miniature laser generator and micro spectral are examined
Survey instrument power supply, and the electric signal for receiving micro temperature sensor and micro spectral detector.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
(1) the U-shaped support of optical measurement module of the invention is controlled using magnetic force and is moved on the sliding rail in condensation chamber, is filled
Divide the quantity and volume for reducing component in condensation chamber, to obtain in the case where minimizing measuring part stream field influences
Obtain the water mist concentration and temperature of cold intracavitary different location.
(2) the first reflecting mirror, the second reflecting mirror, third reflecting mirror, the 4th are arranged in optical measurement module of the invention
Reflecting mirror increases the laser of certain strength and wavelength in miniature laser generator and micro spectral detector in a limited space
Between light path, improve the sensitivity of measuring system.
(3) present invention is passed through the air of condensation chamber and parameter (aerial temperature and humidity, flow, the nitrogen temperature of nitrogen by control
Degree, flow), the microheater fever in condensation chamber change the gas temperature of different location, it can be achieved that different operating condition, feasibility study
Study carefully the vapor condensing characteristic under the conditions of various heat exchange.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the system structure signal of the vapor condensing characteristic measuring device the present invention is based on laser absorption and scattering
Figure；
Fig. 2 is structural schematic diagram in vacuum tank of the invention；
Fig. 3 is optical measurement module structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is bottom and the electrified rail connection schematic diagram of the U-shaped support of optical measurement module；
Fig. 5 is the light path schematic diagram of optical measurement module；
Each appended drawing reference in figure are as follows:
1. warm and humid control cabinet；2. air air pump；3. air air valve；4. air flow meter；5. nitrogen heater；6. nitrogen stream
Meter；7. nitrogen air valve；8. liquid nitrogen container；9. liquid nitrogen heater；10. safety valve；11. nitrogen gas thermometer；12. vacuum tank；13. row
Air valve；14. controller；15. condensation chamber；16. microheater；17. optical measurement module；18. electrified rail；19. power draws
Guide block；20. power sliding rail；21. stepper motor；22. micro spectral measuring instrument；23. miniature laser generator；24. the first permanent magnetism
Body；25. the second permanent magnet；26. the first electrified rail；27. the second electrified rail；28. third electrified rail；29；First contact
Block；30. third contact block；31. the second contact block；32. micro temperature sensor；33. miniature laser generator camera lens；34. micro-
Type optical spectrum instrumentation protective layer；35. the first reflecting mirror；36. the second reflecting mirror；37. third reflecting mirror；38. the 4th reflecting mirror.
Specific embodiment
It is a kind of to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description to be condensed based on laser absorption and the vapor of scattering
Characteristic measuring device is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of vapor condensing characteristic measuring device based on laser absorption and scattering, including vacuum tank 12
And the condensation chamber 15 inside vacuum tank 12 for gas mixing heat exchange is set, vacuum tank 12 keeps condensation chamber 15 and environment exhausted
Heat, 15 one end of condensation chamber are equipped with nitrogen inlet and air intake, and nitrogen inlet is connected to by nitrogen inlet duct road with liquid nitrogen container 8,
Air intake is connected to by air intake conduit with warm and humid control cabinet 1.15 other end of condensation chamber is equipped with exhaust outlet, the row of being connected with
The gas exhaust piping of air valve 13, exhaust valve 13 is for controlling condensation chamber external environment discharge mixed gas.
Nitrogen inlet duct road is successively arranged nitrogen air valve 7, nitrogen stream meter 6, nitrogen heater 5 and nitrogen gas thermometer
11.Nitrogen air valve 7 is the switch for controlling nitrogen pipeline；Nitrogen stream meter 6 is for measuring the nitrogen stream for being passed through condensation chamber 15
Amount；Nitrogen heater 5 is used for heated nitrogen, changes the changeable nitrogen for being passed through condensation chamber 15 of heating power of nitrogen heater 5
Temperature.Nitrogen gas thermometer 11 is for measuring the nitrogen temperature for being passed through condensation chamber 15.
Air intake duct road is successively arranged air air pump 2, air air valve 3 and air flow meter 4.Air air pump 2 is used for
Control is passed through the air mass flow of condensation chamber 15；Air air valve 3 is used to control the switch of air pipe line；Air flow meter 4 is for surveying
Amount is passed through the flow of the air of condensation chamber 15.Warm and humid control cabinet 1 is for controlling the aerial temperature and humidity for being passed through condensation chamber 15.
There is liquid nitrogen heater 9 in liquid nitrogen container 8, the fever of liquid nitrogen heater 9 makes liquid-nitrogen boiling gasify to form low temperature nitrogen, changes
The changeable nitrogen flow for being passed through condensation chamber 15 of the heating power of liquid nitrogen heater 9.Liquid nitrogen container 8 is equipped with safety valve 10, for preventing
Only 8 hypertonia of liquid nitrogen container is exploded.Nitrogen heater 5 is used for heated nitrogen, and the heating power for changing nitrogen heater 5 can
Change the nitrogen temperature for being passed through condensation chamber 15.
Package unit is equipped with a controller 14.
As shown in Fig. 2, including condensation chamber 15 inside vacuum tank 12, miniature add is arranged in equal spacing on the inside of 15 upper wall of condensation chamber
Hot device 16, microheater 16 heat the gas in condensation chamber 15, have it in the different location along directional velocity
Different temperature.The power bootstrap block for being equipped with power sliding rail 20 on the outside of the lower wall of condensation chamber 15 and being moved along power sliding rail 20
19.Optical measurement module 17 and electrified rail 18 are disposed with inside condensation chamber 15, optical measurement module 17 can be along electrified rail 18
It is mobile.Optical measurement module 17 keeps relative position to fix with power bootstrap block 19 by magnetic force, and stepper motor 21 drives power
Bootstrap block 19 moves on power sliding rail 20, realizes movement of the optical measurement module 17 in condensation chamber with this.
As shown in Figure 3,4, the U-shaped rest base of optical measurement module 17 is equipped with the first permanent magnet 24, power bootstrap block 19
Top be equipped with the second permanent magnet 25, it is between the two the wall of condensation chamber 15 that the first permanent magnet 24 and the second permanent magnet 25 are attracting,
Power bootstrap block 19 guides optical measurement module 17 mobile by magnetic force.In the U-shaped support two-arm of optical measurement module 17 respectively
It is disposed with miniature laser generator 23 and micro spectral detector 22, the first reflecting mirror is provided with above micro spectral detector 22
35 and third reflecting mirror 37, lower section be provided with micro temperature sensor 32, it is anti-that second is provided with below miniature laser generator 23
Penetrate mirror 36 and the 4th reflecting mirror 38.Micro spectral detector sealer 34, miniature laser generator camera lens 33, first reflect
Mirror 35, the second reflecting mirror 36, third reflecting mirror 37, the 4th reflecting mirror 38, material used is super-hydrophobic glass, prevents water mist
Being sticked to relevant surfaces influences measurement accuracy.Miniature laser generator 23 can produce the laser of certain strength and wavelength, this laser is first
Mirror-reflection occurs on the surface of the first reflecting mirror 35, the second reflecting mirror 36, third reflecting mirror 37, the 4th reflecting mirror 38 afterwards, most
It is radiated on micro spectral detector 22 eventually, the detectable laser intensity after absorption and scattering of micro spectral detector 22,
It can be obtained according to different water mist concentration and the corresponding relationship of the laser intensity after certain strength and the laser absorption and scattering of wavelength
Water mist concentration in air out.Micro temperature sensor 32 is used to measure the gas temperature at detection.
Electrified rail 18 inside condensation chamber 15 divides leads for the energization of the first electrified rail 26, the second electrified rail 27 and third
Rail 28, the bottom of the U-shaped support of optical measurement module 17 are equipped with first passage, second channel and third channel, on first passage
The first contact block 29 equipped with the first electrified rail 26 of connection, second channel connect equipped with connect the second electrified rail 27 second
Contact block 31, third channel are equipped with the third contact block 30 of connection third electrified rail 28.Contact block 29, contact block 31 and contact
Block 30 all has electric conductivity.Electrified rail 27 is the power supply of miniature laser generator 23, and electrified rail 26 is micro spectral detector
22 power supplies, electrified rail 28 are used for transmission the electric signal of micro spectral detector 22 and micro temperature sensor 32.
In package unit normal use, controller 14 for control liquid nitrogen heater 9, nitrogen heater 5 and it is miniature plus
The heating power of hot device 16, while controlling stepper motor 21 is miniature laser generator 23, micro spectral detector 22 and miniature
Temperature sensor 32 is powered, and the electric signal for receiving micro temperature sensor 32 and micro spectral detector 22.
The air and different flow of different flow and temperature and humidity and the nitrogen of temperature are mixed in condensation chamber 15, make sky
Vapor in gas occurs condensation and forms water mist, and microheater 16 heats the gas in condensation chamber 15, changes in condensation chamber 15
Temperature Distribution so that the water mist concentration of different location changes, optical measurement module 17 moves inside condensation chamber 15, can
Measure the water mist concentration and temperature of different location.
Optical measurement module 17 needs to be demarcated with traditional absorption weight method, determines the sky containing various concentration water mist
Absorption and scattering degree of the gas to the laser of certain strength and wavelength, fit water mist concentration and certain strength and wavelength laser are inhaled
Receive and scatter the homologous thread of degree.Optical measurement module 17 after calibration can be according to measurement after water mist absorbs and scatters
Laser intensity, the water mist concentration in air is quickly calculated.
It is quasi- as follows using scaling method:
1, control is passed through the air of condensation chamber and the parameter (aerial temperature and humidity, flow, nitrogen temperature, flow) of nitrogen,
Certain density water mist is generated in condensation chamber；
2, it can measure the gas temperature in nearly exit using micro temperature sensor, adjust the microheater in condensation chamber
Power, so that the gas temperature in nearly exit is consistent with ambient temperature in condensation chamber and stablizes constant, holding gas temperature
It is consistent with room temperature to can avoid that strong phase transformation influence stated accuracy occurs after condensation chamber is discharged in water mist, due to condensation intracavity gas discharge
Afterwards, water mist therein is absorbed by follow up device immediately, therefore influence of the phase transformation to measurement is negligible；
3, miniature laser generator and micro spectral detector are opened, miniature laser generator generates certain strength and wavelength
Laser, this laser successively the first reflecting mirror, the second reflecting mirror, third reflecting mirror, the 4th reflecting mirror surface occur mirror surface
Reflection, is finally radiated on micro spectral detector, and micro spectral detector measures absorbing and dissipating by water mist for nearly exit
Laser intensity after penetrating, and transmit the result to controller, test constantly absorbed by water mist until the nearly exit of condensation chamber and
Laser intensity after scattering is stablized；
4, the glass fibers equipped with appropriate superfine high-purity degree glass fibre will be passed through by the gas of condensation chamber exhaust valve discharge
Filter cylinder is tieed up, the weight difference by accurate weighing equipped with glass fiber filter cylinder measurement front and back, and the gas for flowing through sampling pipe is write down simultaneously
Body flow, the weight difference of glass fiber filter cylinder measurement front and back can obtain water mist divided by the gas gross for being passed through glass fiber filter cylinder
Concentration can determine this corresponding water mist of water mist concentration to the laser of certain strength and wavelength in this, as the standard of water mist concentration
Laser intensity after absorbing and scattering；
5, change the parameter (aerial temperature and humidity, flow, nitrogen temperature, flow) of the air and nitrogen that are passed through condensation chamber, weight
The laser absorption of different water mist concentration and certain strength and wavelength and pair of the laser intensity after scattering can be obtained in multiple step 2-4
It should be related to, finally simulate corresponding relationship curve with computer.
The foregoing is merely preferable implementation examples of the invention, are not intended to restrict the invention, it is all in spirit of that invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of vapor condensing characteristic measuring device based on laser absorption and scattering, cold including exchanging heat for gas mixing
Solidifying chamber and the optical measurement module being arranged in condensation chamber, it is characterised in that:
The condensation chamber is set in vacuum tank, and condensation chamber both ends are respectively equipped with air inlet and exhaust outlet；
The air inlet has air intake and nitrogen inlet arranged side by side；
The optical measurement module include U-shaped support and the miniature laser generator that is separately positioned in U-shaped support two-arm and
Micro spectral detector；
The second reflecting mirror and the 4th reflecting mirror are provided with below the miniature laser generator；
The first reflecting mirror and third reflecting mirror are provided with above the micro spectral detector, lower section is provided with Miniature temperature biography
Sensor.
2. vapor condensing characteristic measuring device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: set side by side in the condensation chamber
There is the first electrified rail being powered to micro spectral detector and is powered to miniature laser generator is powered second
Guide rail；It is equipped between first electrified rail and the second electrified rail and is used for transmission micro spectral detector and Miniature temperature
The electric signal of sensor and the third electrified rail that micro temperature sensor is powered.
3. vapor condensing characteristic measuring device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the bottom of the U-shaped support
Equipped with first passage, second channel and third channel, the first passage connects equipped with connect the first electrified rail first
Contact block, the second channel are equipped with the second contact block of the second electrified rail of connection, and the third channel, which is equipped with, to be connected
Connect the third contact block of third electrified rail.
4. vapor condensing characteristic measuring device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: on the inside of the upper wall of the condensation chamber
Equipped with the microheater being equally spaced.
5. vapor condensing characteristic measuring device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: on the outside of the lower wall of the condensation chamber
Equipped with power sliding rail and the power bootstrap block moved along power sliding rail.
6. vapor condensing characteristic measuring device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: the bottom of the U-shaped support
With attracting the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are respectively arranged at the top of power bootstrap block.
7. vapor condensing characteristic measuring device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the air intake passes through sky
Gas air inlet pipeline is connected to warm and humid control cabinet；The air intake duct road is successively arranged air air pump, air air valve and air
Flowmeter.
8. vapor condensing characteristic measuring device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the nitrogen inlet passes through nitrogen
The connection of gas air inlet pipeline is equipped with the liquid nitrogen container of liquid nitrogen heater；The nitrogen inlet duct road is successively arranged nitrogen air valve, nitrogen
Air-flow meter, nitrogen heater and nitrogen gas thermometer.
9. vapor condensing characteristic measuring device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the exhaust outlet is connected with
The gas exhaust piping of exhaust valve.
10. vapor condensing characteristic measuring device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the micro spectral detection
Instrument sealer, miniature laser generator camera lens, the first reflecting mirror, the second reflecting mirror, third reflecting mirror and the 4th reflecting mirror,
Material used is super-hydrophobic glass.
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| CN109637304A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-04-16 | 长江大学 | A kind of standing wave demonstrating instrument |
| US10950108B2 (en) | 2019-08-09 | 2021-03-16 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Characterization of aerosols |
| CN111366830A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-07-03 | 苏州长光华芯光电技术有限公司 | Semiconductor laser low temperature testing arrangement |
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