CN106768175B - A kind of patch type capacitance liquid level meter and level measuring method - Google Patents
A kind of patch type capacitance liquid level meter and level measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106768175B CN106768175B CN201710112346.4A CN201710112346A CN106768175B CN 106768175 B CN106768175 B CN 106768175B CN 201710112346 A CN201710112346 A CN 201710112346A CN 106768175 B CN106768175 B CN 106768175B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
- G01F23/263—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of patch type capacitance liquid level meter and level measuring methods, patch type capacitance liquid level meter includes power supply, capacitance sensor, capacitance measurement module, main control module and LCD MODULE, capacitance sensor is connect with capacitance measurement module, and capacitance measurement module and LCD MODULE are connect with main control module；Capacitance sensor includes capacitor plate, epoxy filling and metallic shield, capacitor plate uses rectangular parallelepiped structure, within angle between two identical capacitor plates is arranged in obtuse angle, epoxy filling is arranged between two capacitor plates, the epoxy filling filled between two capacitor plates is in truncated rectangular pyramids structure, a pair of of the side contacted in truncated rectangular pyramids structure with two capacitor plates is rectangle, and another pair side is isosceles trapezoid in truncated rectangular pyramids structure；Metallic shield is located at the outside of capacitor plate and epoxy filling, the bottom end opening of metallic shield, and the bottom surface of openings of sizes and truncated rectangular pyramids matches.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to liquid height measuring technical fields, and in particular to a kind of patch type capacitance liquid level meter and level gauging
Method.
Background technique
Capacitance liquid level meter is the measuring instrumentss that container inner medium level is measured using the variation of capacitance.Existing capacitor
Formula fluid level measuring device is divided into two classes: one kind is capacitor hydraulic switch, and one kind is capacitance level gauge.
Contact measurement and non-cpntact measurement may be implemented in capacitor hydraulic switch, when liquid level is close to capacitance electrode, capacitor
Formula liquid-level switch exports switching value, and instruction liquid level has arrived designated position.However, capacitor hydraulic switch can only export switching value,
It can only detect whether liquid level reaches designated position, cannot achieve the detection of continuous liquid level.
There are two types of structure types for capacitance level gauge, and one is a metal polar plates of capacitor to be inserted into liquid, container conduct
Another pole plate；Another kind is by two capacitor plates while to be inserted into liquid.Existing capacitance level gauge is because needing to insert
Enter in liquid, the lifting of liquid level, sensitivity master are detected by the presence of dielectric constant of air and liquid dielectric difference
The difference of two kinds of dielectric constants is depended on, and be easily influenced by temperature.It, must be in two-plate if measuring corrosive liquids
Coat insulation, erosion resistant coating in surface.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above problems existing in the present technology, the present invention provides a kind of patch type capacitance liquid level meter and liquid levels
Measurement method, which can continuously measure the variation of liquid level, and be able to carry out non-contact measurement.
To achieve the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of patch type capacitance liquid level meter includes power supply, electricity
Hold sensor, capacitance measurement module, main control module and LCD MODULE, the power supply is the capacitance measurement module and master control
Module for power supply, the capacitance sensor are connect with capacitance measurement module, the capacitance measurement module and LCD MODULE with
The main control module connection；
The capacitance sensor includes capacitor plate, epoxy filling and metallic shield, and the capacitor plate is adopted
With rectangular parallelepiped structure, the within angle between the two identical capacitor plates is arranged in obtuse angle, and the epoxy filling is set
It sets between two capacitor plates, the epoxy filling filled between two capacitor plates is in truncated rectangular pyramids knot
Structure, a pair of of the side contacted in the truncated rectangular pyramids structure with two capacitor plates is rectangle, another in the truncated rectangular pyramids structure
A pair of of side is isosceles trapezoid；The metallic shield is located at the outside of the capacitor plate and epoxy filling,
The bottom end opening of the metallic shield, openings of sizes and the bottom surface of the truncated rectangular pyramids match.
Further, the within angle between two capacitor plates is set as 150 °.
Further, the length of the capacitor plate is 800mm~1000mm, width 9mm, with a thickness of 2mm.
Further, the capacitance measurement module uses the capacitance measurement chip of model PCAP01-AD.
Further, the main control module uses Arduino SCM system.
Further, the Arduino SCM system is by the port I/O to the capacitance measurement chip PCAP01-
The internal register of AD is configured, and Arduino SCM system and the communication mode of capacitance measurement chip PCAP01-AD are
SPI serial communication.
Further, the both ends of the capacitance sensor pin with the capacitance measurement chip PCAP01-AD respectively
PC1 is connected with pin PC0, and one is connected between the pin PC4 and pin PC5 of the capacitance measurement chip PCAP01-AD with reference to electricity
Hold, the capacitance measurement chip PCAP01-AD passes through pin MOSI_SDA, pin SSN_PGO, pin SCK_SCL and pin
MISO_PG1 is connect with the Arduino SCM system.
A kind of level measuring method the following steps are included:
The bottom surface of capacitance sensor is placed on the container outer wall for holding testing liquid；
Capacitance measurement module is initialized, is specifically included: capacitance measurement chip PCAP01-AD is configured to UART
Mode；
Main control module reads the corresponding capacitance ratio coefficient C0 of difference liquid level, capacitance ratio system in capacitance measurement module
Number C0 is related with the charge and discharge time of capacitor, C0=Cx/C1；Cx is the capacitance of capacitance sensor output, and C1 is reference capacitance；
The capacitance ratio coefficient C0 of reading is transmitted to capacitance measurement module by main control module, and capacitance measurement module is according to reception
The capacitance ratio coefficient C0 and reference capacitance C1 arrived is calculated capacitance Cx, and capacitance Cx is transmitted to capacitance measurement mould
It is stored in block；
Main control module reads the capacitance Cx of capacitance measurement module storage；
The curve of output of main control module is demarcated, determines the linear relationship expression between liquid level and capacitance Cx
Formula h=kC+b；
Capacitance Cx is replaced into the C in linear relationship expression formula h=kC+b, liquid level h is calculated；
The liquid level h being calculated is transmitted to LCD MODULE and shown by main control module.
Further, the curve of output to main control module carries out calibration detailed process are as follows:
I measurement (i >=2) is carried out to liquid level using externally measured instrument, the liquid level measured is hi；Master control mould
Block carries out i reading to the capacitance in capacitance measurement module, and the capacitance of reading is Cxi；
Assuming that liquid level hiWith capacitance CxiMeet linear relationship expression formula h=kC+b；
Objective function, i.e. every group of measurement point (Cxi,hi) to straight line h=kC+b residual distance error quadratic sum are as follows:
Introduce following label:
Utilize least square method, solve system of equation
It is calculated:
Due to taking above technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages: the configuration of the present invention is simple, being capable of accurate nothing
The height of measurement liquid level accidentally；And it can not be contacted with fluid to be measured, contactless survey is carried out to the liquid level of testing liquid
Amount, and it is able to carry out continuous measurement.The present invention can be widely applied in the level sensing under room temperature or the condition of high temperature.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is capacitor hydraulic switch operation principle schematic diagram in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is a kind of functional block diagram for patch type capacitance liquid level meter that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 3 is the overall structure of capacitance sensor 2 in a kind of patch type capacitance liquid level meter of one embodiment of the invention offer
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of capacitance sensor 2 in a kind of patch type capacitance liquid level meter of one embodiment of the invention offer；
Fig. 5 is that the circuit connecting relation of capacitance measurement chip and Arduino SCM system is illustrated in a specific embodiment
Figure.
1- power supply in figure；2- capacitance sensor；3- capacitance measurement module；4- main control module；5- LCD MODULE；21-
Capacitor plate；22- epoxy filling；23- metallic shield.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, technical solution of the present invention will be carried out below
Detailed description.Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Base
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained all without making creative work
Other embodiment belongs to the range that the present invention is protected.
Capacitor hydraulic switch is the edge effect using pole plate, and two pieces of pole plate positions as shown in Figure 1 are placed.Two
Electrode plate two sides face, when two electrode plates are electrified, respectively with different charges, electric field line is as shown in Figure 1 at this time.When
When having medium to pass through electric field line, two-plate will generate capacitance variations, when level value reaches certain height, will make relay
Conducting.But capacitor hydraulic switch can only sense whether liquid level reaches designated position, can not accurately measure the height of liquid level
Value.
As shown in Fig. 2, the present invention provides a kind of patch type capacitance liquid level meters comprising power supply 1, capacitance sensor 2, electricity
Hold measurement module 3, main control module 4 and LCD MODULE 5.Wherein, power supply 1 is that capacitance measurement module 3 and main control module 4 supply
Electricity.Capacitance sensor 2 is connect with capacitance measurement module 3, and capacitance measurement module 3 and LCD MODULE 5 connect with main control module 4
It connects.
As shown in figure 3, capacitance sensor 2 includes capacitor plate 21, epoxy filling 22 and metallic shield 23.Electricity
Hold pole plate 21 and use rectangular parallelepiped structure, the within angle between two identical capacitor plates 21 is arranged in obtuse angle, epoxy resin filling
Object 22 is arranged between two capacitor plates 21.The epoxy filling 22 filled between two capacitor plates 21 is in truncated rectangular pyramids knot
Structure, a pair of of the side contacted in truncated rectangular pyramids structure with two capacitor plates 21 is rectangle, and another pair side is equal in truncated rectangular pyramids structure
For isosceles trapezoid.As shown in figure 4, the entirety that capacitor plate 21 and epoxy filling 22 are constituted is along 21 width side of capacitor plate
To cross section be isosceles trapezoid.On the other hand 22 one side of epoxy filling is used for for completely cutting off two capacitor plates 21
Support two capacitor plates 21.
Metallic shield 23 is located at the outside of capacitor plate 21 and epoxy filling 22, the bottom of metallic shield 23
The bottom surface of end opening, openings of sizes and truncated rectangular pyramids matches.Metallic shield 23 can be improved the anti-interference energy of capacitance sensor 2
Power.
Further, it is the edge effect for strengthening plates capacitance, enhances the sensitivity of capacitance sensor 2, two capacitor plates
Within angle between 21 is set as 150 °.
Further, the length of capacitor plate 21 is 800mm~1000mm, width 9mm, with a thickness of 2mm.
In above-described embodiment, capacitance measurement module 3 uses Germany's ACAM company model for the capacitance measurement core of PCAP01-AD
Piece.The measurement range of the capacitance measurement chip is several fF to several hundred nF, and measurement accuracy is high.
In above-described embodiment, main control module 4 uses Arduino SCM system.Arduino SCM system passes through I/O
Port configures the internal register of capacitance measurement chip PCAP01-AD, Arduino SCM system and capacitance measurement core
The communication mode of piece PCAP01-AD is SPI serial communication.
In above-described embodiment, as shown in figure 5, the both ends of capacitance sensor 2 are respectively with capacitance measurement chip PCAP01-AD's
Pin PC1 is connected with pin PC0.Connection one is with reference to electricity between the pin PC4 and pin PC5 of capacitance measurement chip PCAP01-AD
Hold C1.The pin MOSI_SDA of capacitance measurement chip PCAP01-AD is connect with the pin 19 of Arduino SCM system, capacitor
The pin SSN_PGO of measurement chip PCAP01-AD is connect with the pin 20 of Arduino SCM system, capacitance measurement chip
The pin SCK_SCL of PCAP01-AD is connect with the pin 21 of Arduino SCM system, capacitance measurement chip PCAP01-AD's
Pin MISO_PG1 is connect with the pin 22 of Arduino SCM system.
The present invention also provides a kind of level measuring methods of patch type capacitance liquid level meter comprising following steps:
S1, the bottom surface of capacitance sensor 2 is placed on the container outer wall for holding testing liquid.
S2, capacitance measurement module 3 is initialized, is specifically included: capacitance measurement chip PCAP01-AD is configured to
UART mode.Wherein, whether be configured to UART mode includes configuration baud rate, using in FIF0, data frame format and configuration
Break.Wherein, data frame format includes data length, stop position, parity check sum sending and receiving data buffer size etc..
By the register of reading capacitance measurement module 3, it is corresponding that reading obtains different liquid levels for S3, main control module 4
Capacitance ratio coefficient C0 (C0 is related with the charge and discharge time of capacitor).Wherein, C0=Cx/C1.Wherein, Cx is capacitance sensor 2
The capacitance of output, C1 are reference capacitance.
The capacitance ratio coefficient C0 of reading is transmitted to capacitance measurement module 3 by S4, main control module 4, in capacitance measurement module 3
Capacitance Cx is calculated according to the capacitance ratio coefficient C0 and reference capacitance C1 received in the DSP module in portion, and by capacitance
Cx is transmitted in the RAM inside capacitance measurement module 3 and is stored.
S5, main control module 4 read the capacitance Cx in 3 internal RAM of capacitance measurement module.
S6, the curve of output of main control module 4 is demarcated, detailed process are as follows:
I measurement (i >=2), the liquid measured are carried out to liquid level using externally measured instrument (such as digimatic micrometer)
Position height is hi.Main control module 4 carries out i reading, the capacitance of reading to the capacitance in 3 internal RAM of capacitance measurement module
For Cxi。
Assuming that liquid level hiWith capacitance CxiMeet linear relationship expression formula h=kC+b.
Objective function, i.e. every group of measurement point (Cxi,hi) to straight line h=kC+b residual distance error quadratic sum are as follows:
Introduce following label:
Utilize least square method, solve system of equation
It is calculated:
S7, according to the capacitance Cx of reading and obtained linear relationship expression formula h=kC+b, main control module 4 is calculated
Liquid level.That is, capacitance Cx is replaced the C in linear relationship expression formula h=kC+b, h is calculated, h is liquid level.
The liquid level h being calculated is transmitted to LCD MODULE 5 and shown by S8, main control module 4.
Patch type capacitance liquid level meter of the present invention is extended on the basis of capacitor hydraulic switch, can be accurately
Measure the height of liquid level；And the shortcomings that overcoming capacitance type sensor can not contact with fluid to be measured, to testing liquid
Liquid level carry out non-contact measurement, and be able to carry out continuous measurement.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of patch type capacitance liquid level meter, it is characterised in that: it includes power supply, capacitance sensor, capacitance measurement module, master control
Module and LCD MODULE, the power supply are that the capacitance measurement module and main control module are powered, the capacitance sensor with
The connection of capacitance measurement module, the capacitance measurement module and LCD MODULE are connected to the main control module；
The capacitance sensor includes capacitor plate, epoxy filling and metallic shield, and the capacitor plate is using length
Cube structure, the within angle between the two identical capacitor plates are arranged in obtuse angle, and the epoxy filling setting exists
Between two capacitor plates, the epoxy filling filled between two capacitor plates is in truncated rectangular pyramids structure, institute
Stating a pair of of the side contacted in truncated rectangular pyramids structure with two capacitor plates is rectangle, another opposite side in the truncated rectangular pyramids structure
Face is isosceles trapezoid；The metallic shield is located at the outside of the capacitor plate and epoxy filling, the gold
Belong to the bottom end opening of shielding case, openings of sizes and the bottom surface of the truncated rectangular pyramids match；
Within angle between two capacitor plates is set as 150 °.
2. a kind of patch type capacitance liquid level meter as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the length of the capacitor plate is
800mm~1000mm, width 9mm, with a thickness of 2mm.
3. a kind of patch type capacitance liquid level meter as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the capacitance measurement module is adopted
With the capacitance measurement chip of model PCAP01-AD.
4. a kind of patch type capacitance liquid level meter as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the main control module uses
Arduino SCM system.
5. a kind of patch type capacitance liquid level meter as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: the main control module uses
Arduino SCM system.
6. a kind of patch type capacitance liquid level meter as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: the Arduino SCM system
It is configured by internal register of the port I/O to the capacitance measurement chip PCAP01-AD, Arduino SCM system
Communication mode with capacitance measurement chip PCAP01-AD is SPI serial communication.
7. a kind of patch type capacitance liquid level meter as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: the both ends of the capacitance sensor point
It is not connect with the pin PC1 and pin PC0 of the capacitance measurement chip PCAP01-AD, the capacitance measurement chip PCAP01-AD
Pin PC4 and pin PC5 between connect a reference capacitance, the capacitance measurement chip PCAP01-AD passes through pin MOSI_
SDA, pin SSN_PGO, pin SCK_SCL and pin MISO_PG1 are connect with the Arduino SCM system.
8. a kind of level measuring method using the patch type capacitance liquid level meter as described in any one of claim 1~7, feature exist
In, comprising the following steps:
The bottom surface of capacitance sensor is placed on the container outer wall for holding testing liquid；
Capacitance measurement module is initialized, is specifically included: capacitance measurement chip PCAP01-AD is configured to UART mould
Formula；
Main control module reads difference liquid level corresponding capacitance ratio coefficient C0, capacitance ratio coefficient C0 in capacitance measurement module
It is related with the charge and discharge time of capacitor, C0=Cx/C1；Cx is the capacitance of capacitance sensor output, and C1 is reference capacitance；
The capacitance ratio coefficient C0 of reading is transmitted to capacitance measurement module by main control module, and capacitance measurement module is according to receiving
Capacitance ratio coefficient C0 and reference capacitance C1 is calculated capacitance Cx, and capacitance Cx is transmitted in capacitance measurement module
It is stored；
Main control module reads the capacitance Cx of capacitance measurement module storage；
The curve of output of main control module is demarcated, determines the linear relationship expression formula h between liquid level and capacitance Cx
=kC+b；
Capacitance Cx is replaced into the C in linear relationship expression formula h=kC+b, liquid level h is calculated；
The liquid level h being calculated is transmitted to LCD MODULE and shown by main control module.
9. a kind of level measuring method as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the curve of output to main control module into
Rower determines detailed process are as follows:
I measurement (i >=2) is carried out to liquid level using externally measured instrument, the liquid level measured is hi；Main control module pair
Capacitance in capacitance measurement module carries out i reading, and the capacitance of reading is Cxi；
Assuming that liquid level hiWith capacitance CxiMeet linear relationship expression formula h=kC+b；
Objective function, i.e. every group of measurement point (Cxi,hi) to straight line h=kC+b residual distance error quadratic sum are as follows:
Introduce following label:
Utilize least square method, solve system of equation
It is calculated:
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| CN108051651B (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2020-12-29 | 广州市香港科大霍英东研究院 | Device and method for measuring micro capacitance signal |
| CN108225480B (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2020-08-25 | 重庆邮电大学 | Non-contact liquid volume measurement method based on linear capacitance liquid level sensor |
| CN108534865A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-09-14 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | A kind of liquid level measuring system suitable for cryogenic liquid storage tank |
| CN108387294A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-08-10 | 广东美的厨房电器制造有限公司 | Water-level measuring equipment and its method, steam oven for water box |
| CN109297563B (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2024-02-23 | 河南菲普斯特仪器仪表有限公司 | Method and device for measuring hydraulic oil in narrow space |
| CN113358713A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2021-09-07 | 深圳绿米联创科技有限公司 | Humidity detection unit, temperature and humidity detection device and method |
| CN112129816A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2020-12-25 | 河北工业大学 | Capacitive sensor, flexible tag and method for detecting TDS (total dissolved solids) value of drinking water |
| CN112650320B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-05-31 | 太极集团重庆涪陵制药厂有限公司 | Alcohol precipitation control method |
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