CN106767681B - Earth surface settlement monitoring device and method suitable for loess area - Google Patents
Earth surface settlement monitoring device and method suitable for loess area Download PDFInfo
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- CN106767681B CN106767681B CN201611039085.XA CN201611039085A CN106767681B CN 106767681 B CN106767681 B CN 106767681B CN 201611039085 A CN201611039085 A CN 201611039085A CN 106767681 B CN106767681 B CN 106767681B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a ground surface settlement monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof suitable for loess areas, wherein the device comprises a measuring point rod, a rotating sleeve, an anti-smashing sleeve, a mud jacking rod, a light reflecting sheet joint or a cross-hair joint; the lower part of the measuring point rod is provided with threads, the upper part of the measuring point rod is provided with a grouting hole, overflow holes are symmetrically arranged on the periphery of the grouting hole, and cement slurry can be injected after the measuring point rod is screwed into the elevation, so that soil bodies on the upper part of the measuring point rod are well combined to form a whole; the rotating sleeve is used for being matched with the rotating rod to screw the measuring point rod into the soil body; the anti-smashing sleeve is used for being matched with the smashing device, pressing the measuring point rod into a soil body and protecting the measuring point rod; the mud jacking rod is used for pressing the mud in the grouting hole into the surrounding soil body from the overflow hole; the reflector joint is connected with the cross-wire joint, the cross-wire joint is connected with the top of the measuring point rod, and the reflector joint is used for connecting the reflector.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a ground surface settlement monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof suitable for loess areas.
Background
With the development of tunnel construction in China, more and more tunnels appear in the loess plateau area in northwest of China, and the loess tunnels have the common characteristics of shallow burying depth and large deformation, so that the monitoring of the deformation of the tunnels is very important.
The earth surface monitoring points of the tunnel are generally arranged in a shallow-buried underground excavation section, the earth surface is rugged, the traffic is unchanged, the materials for arranging the points are difficult to transport in large quantities, and the manpower is limited. In the process of laying the earth surface monitoring points, how to use less materials and conveniently and quickly arrange a standard effective earth surface monitoring point, the problem of ensuring that the settlement monitoring point and the earth surface soil body are settled together is a difficult problem which is urgently needed to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the ground surface settlement monitoring point suitable for the loess area and the use method thereof, on the premise of limited manpower and material resources, the arrangement progress of the ground surface monitoring point is effectively accelerated in the field construction, the common settlement of the settlement monitoring point and the soil body is ensured, and the arrangement of the ground surface monitoring point is conveniently and quickly realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the design adopts the following scheme:
the device comprises a measuring point rod, a rotating sleeve, an anti-smashing sleeve, a mud jacking rod and a reflector connector or a cross-hair connector which are matched with each other; (the reflector joint or the cross wire joint are both fittings, in the actual use process, the danger of some places is large, the reflector joint is adopted, the prism-free reflection is adopted for detecting the ground surface settlement, if the danger is not large, the traditional cross wire is adopted for measuring the ground surface settlement to the middle rod, and the installation is selected from one of the two according to the field conditions.)
The lower part of the measuring point rod is provided with threads, the upper part of the measuring point rod is of a hollow structure, the side wall of the upper structure is provided with an overflow hole, the end part of the upper structure is provided with a grouting hole, and cement slurry is injected through the grouting hole after the measuring point rod is screwed into the elevation, so that the soil body on the upper part of the measuring point rod is well combined to form a whole;
the rotating sleeve is used for being matched with the rotating rod to screw the measuring point rod into the soil body;
the anti-smashing sleeve is used for being matched with the smashing device, pressing the measuring point rod into a soil body and protecting the measuring point rod;
the mud jacking rod is used for pressing the mud in the grouting hole into the surrounding soil body from the overflow hole;
the reflector joint or the cross wire joint is connected with the top of the measuring point rod and used for monitoring the surface subsidence.
The rotary sleeve and the anti-smashing sleeve are buckled on the upper portion of the measuring point rod, the anti-smashing sleeve plays a role in protecting the measuring point rod when being pressed in or smashed in, the rotary sleeve realizes screwing of the measuring point rod through a screwed hole in the rotary sleeve, and after the arrangement of the measuring points is completed, a light reflecting sheet joint or a cross-shaped wire joint can be connected on the rotary sleeve through threads to perform measurement according to actual conditions. The measuring point is simple in structure and convenient to operate, the efficiency and the quality of monitoring and measuring on ground surface distribution points are improved, and parts of accessories can be detached and replaced, so that secondary utilization is facilitated.
Preferably, the tail end of the lower part of the measuring point rod is a conical pointed end, and the structure is favorable for pressing and screwing in the rod body;
preferably, the outer part of the middle lower half part of the rod body of the measuring point rod is of a threaded structure, the structure is favorable for the combination of the screwing of the rod body and the surrounding soil body, and the subsequent rod body grouting process of the rod body at the middle upper part is facilitated.
Preferably, the rod body in the middle-upper part of the measuring point rod is a grouting channel with a hollow structure, overflow holes symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the rod body are arranged on the side wall of the rod body in the middle-upper part, and the end part of the rod body is provided with a grouting hole, so that the combination of grout and soil around the middle-upper part is facilitated;
preferably, the top end of the middle upper part of the rod body of the measuring point rod is a hexagonal prism-shaped socket with internal threads, the hexagonal prism-shaped socket is convenient for fixing a subsequent rotating sleeve and an anti-smashing sleeve, and the threads are convenient for threaded connection of the light reflecting sheet joint and the cross wire joint;
preferably, the rotating sleeve is of a semi-hollow cylindrical structure, an upper solid area of the rotating sleeve is provided with a laterally through rotating hole, and the measuring point rod can be conveniently screwed in by using a lever principle after the rotating rod is inserted; the lower hollow structure is a connector with the upper part being hexagonal and the lower part being cylindrical, the hexagonal shape is convenient for rotating stress, and the cylindrical shape is convenient for combining with the rod body;
preferably, the anti-smashing sleeve is of a semi-hollow cylindrical structure, the lower hollow structure is a connector with the upper part being hexagonal and the lower part being cylindrical, and the anti-smashing sleeve is prevented from deviating or even deviating in the smashing process;
preferably, the mud jacking rod is of a T-shaped rod structure, the tail end matched with the T-shaped rod measuring point rod is a semi-spherical end, and mud in the grouting hole is pressed into the surrounding soil body from the overflow hole.
Preferably, the lower parts of the reflector joint and the cross-wire joint comprise cylindrical thread structures, and the thread structures are convenient for connection and later-stage disassembly of the measuring point rod.
Preferably, the embedding mode of the measuring point rod is alternately combined by pressing or smashing and screwing, and the grouting mode is a mode of pressing a small amount of slurry for many times until the grouting hole and the overflow hole are fully pressed.
The specific monitoring method of the invention is as follows:
after a ground surface settlement monitoring point position is determined on the ground surface of the loess tunnel, an anti-smashing sleeve is connected with a measuring point rod, the measuring point rod part enters a soil body in a static pressing-in or smashing-in mode, the anti-smashing sleeve is taken down according to the penetration condition, a rotating sleeve is connected, the measuring point rod is screwed in, the measuring point rod is embedded to a preset depth in a static pressing-in or smashing-in and screwing-in combined mode, and at the moment, the lower soil body is well combined with a rod body due to the existence of threads; and then, injecting cement slurry from the grouting hole, extruding the cement slurry in the grouting hole through an overflow hole by using a grouting rod, enabling the cement slurry to be closely combined with loess around the rod body of the measuring point rod to form a whole, after cement is hardened, adopting a reflector connector for connection if the situation of the location of the measuring point is poor according to the field situation, adopting non-prism reflection for surface settlement detection, adopting a cross wire connector for traditional rod centering measurement to detect surface settlement if the situation is better, and recovering the reflector connector and the cross wire connector after the tunnel is finished.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the ground surface settlement monitoring point suitable for the loess area adopts a mode of alternately combining pressing in or smashing in and screwing in, the threaded structure outside the rod body is favorable for combining the rod body and the soil body, a certain space is provided for the subsequent grouting process at the upper part, the combination of the soil body and the rod body is ensured, and the soil body and the rod body are jointly settled;
2. the measuring point device has the advantages that the cement consumption is small, if the measuring point device is arranged according to the traditional mode, a pit with a large area needs to be excavated manually, a large amount of cement mortar is poured into the pit to keep stable after the measuring point is placed in the pit, and the measuring point device can achieve a good effect only by pouring a small amount of cement slurry into the grouting hole, so that the cement consumption is reduced.
3. The constructor work load is few, has improved the efficiency and the quality of control measuration at earth's surface stationing (efficiency promotes, and the cement volume of use is few, has improved raw and other materials transportation's efficiency, has also reduced the workman and has blended the time of cement, and the mode of this measurement station device installation easily realizes in the loess area, and the study operation of being convenient for because can improve efficiency and quality, replacement can be dismantled to partial accessory, the reutilization of being convenient for, the manpower and materials cost of reduction control measuration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a survey point bar of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic southwest view of a swivel sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the southwest side of the anti-pound cover of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic southwest view of a mud jacking rod of the present invention;
FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic southwestern views of a reflector joint and a cross-hair joint according to the present invention;
in the figure, a measuring point rod 1, a rotating sleeve 2, an anti-smashing sleeve 3, a mud jacking rod 4, a light reflecting sheet joint 5, a cross-wire joint 6, a conical tip 11, a threaded structure 12, an overflow hole 13, a grouting hole 14, a hexagonal prism-shaped socket 15, a rotating hole 21, a cylindrical interface 22, a cylindrical interface 31 and a semispherical end 41 are arranged.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
It should be noted that, in the case of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, and the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the embodiments. For convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" when used in the following description are intended to correspond only to the directions of up, down, left and right in the drawings, and do not limit the structure.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-6, the ground surface settlement monitoring point device suitable for the loess area comprises a ground surface settlement monitoring point consisting of a measuring point rod 1, a rotating sleeve 2, an anti-smashing sleeve 3, a mud jacking rod 4, a reflector connector 5 and a cross-wire connector 6. The lower part of the measuring point rod 1 is provided with a thread structure 12, so that the measuring point rod 1 can be conveniently screwed in and can be well combined with the soil body at the lower part to form a whole, the upper part of the measuring point rod 1 is hollow and is provided with a grouting hole, holes are symmetrically formed at the periphery of the measuring point rod 1 and are overflow holes, and cement slurry can be injected after the measuring point rod 1 is screwed in to the elevation, so that the soil body at the upper part of the; the embedding mode of the measuring point rod 1 is that the measuring point rod is pressed in or hammered in and screwed in alternately. The rotating sleeve 2 and the anti-smashing sleeve 3 are internally buckled at the upper part of the measuring point rod 1, the anti-smashing sleeve 3 plays a role of protecting the measuring point rod 1 during pressing or smashing, the rotating sleeve 2 realizes screwing of the measuring point rod 1 through a screwing hole 21 on the rotating sleeve, and after the arrangement of measuring points is completed, a hexagonal prism-shaped socket 15 with threads on the upper surface can be connected with a light reflection sheet connector 5 or a cross-thread connector 6 for measurement according to actual conditions.
The embedding mode of the measuring point rod is that the measuring point rod is pressed in or hammered in and screwed in to be alternately used, and the grouting mode is that a small amount of grouting is carried out for many times until the grouting hole and the overflow hole are fully pressed.
As shown in figure 2, the lower end of the measuring point rod 1 is a conical tip 11, the outer part of the middle lower half part of the rod body is a threaded structure 12, the upper half part of the rod body is a hollow structure to form a grouting channel, circular grouting holes 14 are formed in the end part of the rod body, circular overflow holes 13 are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the rod body relative to the axis of the rod body, and the top end of the middle upper part of the rod body is a hexagonal prism-shaped socket 15 with threads.
As shown in fig. 3, the rotating sleeve 2 is a semi-hollow cylindrical structure, the upper solid area includes a laterally through rotating hole 21, and a rotating rod is inserted into the rotating hole to facilitate the rotation of the measuring point rod by using the lever principle; the lower hollow structure is a connector with the upper part being hexagonal and the lower part being cylindrical, the hexagonal shape is convenient for rotating stress, and the cylindrical shape is convenient for combining with the rod body;
as shown in fig. 4, the anti-smashing sleeve 3 is of a semi-hollow cylindrical structure, and the hollow structure of the lower hollow area is a connector 22 with a hexagonal upper part and a cylindrical lower part;
as shown in fig. 5, the grouting rod 4 is a T-shaped rod structure, the matched tail end of the T-shaped rod measuring point rod is a semi-spherical end 41, and grout in the grouting hole is pressed into the surrounding soil body from the overflow hole.
As shown in figure 6, the lower parts of the reflector joint 5 and the cross wire joint 6 contain cylindrical thread structures, and the thread structures are convenient for connection and later disassembly of the measuring point rod 1. The reflector connector and the cross wire connector are both accessories, in the actual use process, the dangerousness of some places is high, the reflector connector is adopted, the prism-free reflection is adopted for detecting the surface subsidence, if the dangerousness is not high, the traditional cross wire is adopted for measuring the surface subsidence of the middle pole, and one of the two types of installation is selected according to the field situation.
The specific monitoring method of the invention is as follows:
after a ground surface settlement monitoring point position is determined on the ground surface of the loess tunnel, an anti-smashing sleeve is connected with a measuring point rod, the measuring point rod part enters a soil body in a static pressing-in or smashing-in mode, the anti-smashing sleeve is taken down according to the penetration condition, a rotating sleeve is connected, the measuring point rod is screwed in, the measuring point rod is embedded to a preset depth in a static pressing-in or smashing-in and screwing-in combined mode, and at the moment, the lower soil body is well combined with a rod body due to the existence of threads; and then, injecting cement slurry from the grouting hole, extruding the cement slurry in the grouting hole through an overflow hole by using a grouting rod, enabling the cement slurry to be closely combined with loess around the rod body of the measuring point rod to form a whole, after cement is hardened, adopting a reflector connector for connection if the situation of the location of the measuring point is poor according to the field situation, adopting non-prism reflection for surface settlement detection, adopting a cross wire connector for traditional rod centering measurement to detect surface settlement if the situation is better, and recovering the reflector connector and the cross wire connector after the tunnel is finished.
The invention adopts the mode of alternately combining pressing in or smashing in and screwing in, the screw thread outside the rod body is beneficial to the combination of the rod body and the soil body, and a certain space is provided for the subsequent grouting process at the upper part, so that the combination of the soil body and the rod body is ensured, and the soil body and the rod body are sunk together; this kind of mode cement quantity is few, and constructor work load is few, has improved efficiency and the quality of control measurationing at the earth's surface stationing, and replacement can be dismantled to partial accessory, and the reutilization of being convenient for reduces the manpower and materials cost that the control was measurationed.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The ground surface settlement monitoring device suitable for the loess area is characterized by comprising a measuring point rod, a rotating sleeve, an anti-smashing sleeve, a mud jacking rod and a reflector connector or a cross-hair connector which are matched;
the lower part of the measuring point rod is provided with threads, the upper part of the measuring point rod is of a hollow structure, the side wall of the upper structure is provided with overflow holes, the overflow holes are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the rod body, the end part of the upper structure is provided with grouting holes, and cement slurry is injected through the grouting holes after the measuring point rod is screwed into the elevation, so that soil bodies on the upper part of the measuring point rod are well combined to form a whole; the top end of the middle upper part of the rod body of the measuring point rod is a hexagonal prism-shaped socket with an internal thread, the hexagonal prism-shaped socket is convenient for being fixed with the rotating sleeve and the anti-smashing sleeve, and the internal thread is connected with the light reflecting sheet connector or the cross wire connector through threads;
the rotary sleeve is of a semi-hollow cylindrical structure, an upper solid area comprises a rotary hole which is laterally communicated, and a rotary rod is inserted into the rotary sleeve and is convenient for the measuring point rod to be screwed in by utilizing the lever principle; the lower hollow area structure is a joint with the upper part being hexagonal prism shape and the lower part being cylindrical shape; the rotating sleeve is used for being matched with the rotating rod to screw the measuring point rod into the soil body;
the anti-smashing sleeve is of a semi-hollow cylindrical structure, the lower hollow area is a connector with the upper part being a hexagonal prism shape and the lower part being a cylinder shape; the anti-smashing sleeve is used for being matched with the smashing device, pressing the measuring point rod into a soil body and protecting the measuring point rod;
the measuring point rods are alternatively combined by pressing in and screwing in or alternatively combined by pressing in and screwing in and buried in the soil body;
the mud jacking rod is used for pressing the mud in the grouting hole into the surrounding soil body from the overflow hole;
the reflector joint or the cross wire joint is connected with the top of the measuring point rod and used for monitoring the surface settlement.
2. The ground surface settlement monitoring device suitable for loess areas as set forth in claim 1, wherein the lower end of the measuring point bar is a conical tip.
3. The ground surface settlement monitoring device suitable for loess areas as set forth in claim 1, wherein the rod body of the upper middle part of the measuring point rod is a hollow grouting passage, and a grouting hole is provided at the end of the rod body.
4. The device for monitoring the settlement of the earth surface suitable for the loess region as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mud jacking rod has a T-shaped rod structure, the matched tail end of the measuring point rod of the T-shaped rod is a semi-spherical end, and the mud in the mud injection hole is pressed into the surrounding soil body from the overflow hole.
5. The ground surface settlement monitoring device suitable for the loess area as set forth in claim 1, wherein the reflector tabs and the cross-wire tabs each have a cylindrical screw structure at a lower portion thereof.
6. The method for monitoring the ground surface settlement monitoring device suitable for the loess area as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein after the ground surface settlement monitoring point position is determined on the loess tunnel ground surface, the anti-smashing sleeve is connected with the measuring point rod, the measuring point rod part enters the soil body by using a static pressing-in or smashing-in mode, the anti-smashing sleeve is taken down according to the penetration condition, the rotating sleeve is connected, the measuring point rod is screwed in, the measuring point rod is embedded to a preset depth by using a static pressing-in and screwing-in combined mode or a smashing-in and screwing-in combined mode, and the soil body at the lower part is well combined with the rod body due to the existence of the screw thread; and then, injecting cement slurry from the grouting holes, extruding the cement slurry in the grouting holes through overflow holes by using a grouting rod, closely combining the cement slurry with loess around the rod body of the measuring point rod to form a whole, after cement is hardened, adopting a reflector connector for connection if the situation of the location of the measuring point is poor according to the field situation, adopting non-prism reflection for surface settlement detection, and adopting a cross wire connector for traditional rod centering measurement for surface settlement if the situation is better.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611039085.XA CN106767681B (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2016-11-21 | Earth surface settlement monitoring device and method suitable for loess area |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611039085.XA CN106767681B (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2016-11-21 | Earth surface settlement monitoring device and method suitable for loess area |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106767681A CN106767681A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
| CN106767681B true CN106767681B (en) | 2019-12-24 |
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| CN112082525B (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2022-07-12 | 重庆文理学院 | Laying device and working method of loess geological tunnel ground surface settlement measuring point rods |
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| FR2528089A1 (en) * | 1982-06-08 | 1983-12-09 | Moraly Paul | TOOL FOR DRIVING AND GUIDING ANKLES FOR FIXING GROUND POSTS OR STAKES, THE CENTRAL PART OF WHICH IS COFFEEED WITH A HAMMER BELL OVERLOOKING A SUPPORTING PART |
| NZ213634A (en) * | 1985-09-27 | 1989-01-06 | Baramac Corp Ltd | Pivoted ground anchor with supplementary anchor plates at upper end |
| KR101222419B1 (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2013-01-21 | 주식회사 우진 | Pile helmet for prevention of eccentricity and noise |
| CN102561360B (en) * | 2012-02-06 | 2015-04-29 | 化学工业岩土工程有限公司 | Deep foundation pit supporting method |
| CN102720191A (en) * | 2012-04-29 | 2012-10-10 | 湖南天利恩泽太阳能科技有限公司 | Spiral pile |
| CN203296044U (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-11-20 | 江苏建筑职业技术学院 | Pile cap for round inside-square outside concrete pipe pile |
| CN204212319U (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-03-18 | 昆明三兴温室工程有限公司 | A kind of screw-in greenhouse pillar |
| CN204282363U (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-04-22 | 李国耀 | A kind of linkage of pile driver |
| CN104912074B (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2016-09-07 | 中国五冶集团有限公司 | A kind of use rotate impact method realize anchor body enter ground earth anchor drilling structure |
| CN105040692B (en) * | 2015-06-27 | 2018-01-19 | 王继忠 | A kind of construction method of precast concrete pile body carrier pile |
| CN204825888U (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-12-02 | 李建平 | Stake of pole setting land used |
| CN105386444B (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2018-06-26 | 江创葵 | A kind of basis pile pore-forming device and forming hole method |
| CN105627986B (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2018-03-30 | 中铁西南科学研究院有限公司 | Underground engineering Vault settlement measuring equipment based on total powerstation method |
| CN206192335U (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-05-24 | 山东大学 | Earth's surface settlement monitoring device suitable for loess area |
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