CN106767076A - A kind of single tank multilayer packed bed storage heater method for designing - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of single tank multilayer packed bed storage heater method for designing.First, design object parameter is determined, i.e. minimum effectively amount of stored heat and minimum heat storage efficiency.Then, respectively analysis using each optional fillers individual layer packed bed storage heater heat storage performance (amount of stored heat, heat storage efficiency), and filler is carried out preferably with classification.Then, according to the classification and particle diameter of selected filler, its filling position in multilayer storage heater is designed.Then, according to design object parameter and filler physical property, Preliminary design multilayer storage heater structural parameters.Then, above-mentioned multilayer storage heater heat storage efficiency is analyzed, and the filling proportion of each filler is adjusted according to minimum heat storage efficiency design requirement.Then, effective amount of stored heat of the multilayer storage heater after analysis and regulation, and according to minimum effectively amount of stored heat design requirement adjustment storage heater diameter, so as to complete the design of single tank multilayer packed bed storage heater.This method can quickly and effectively carry out storage heater design, and can reach the purpose for improving heat storage performance.

Description

A kind of single tank multilayer packed bed storage heater method for designing

Technical field

The present invention relates to thermal energy storage technology, and in particular to a kind of single tank multilayer packed bed storage heater method for designing.

Background technology

In recent years, fossil energy consumption figure sharp increase with the fast development of social economy.Meanwhile, fossil fuel it is a large amount of Burning brings increasingly serious environmental problem, and causes adverse effect to public health and socio-economic development.Therefore, plus The regenerative resource of fast development cleaning becomes the important topic of facing mankind.Solar energy is most abundant on the earth, cleans and can The regenerative resource for obtaining extensively.China's energy resource structure efficiently can be effectively improved using solar energy, promotes social economy and environment Harmonious development.Solar energy thermal-power-generating technology is the solar utilization technique having a extensive future, and regenerative apparatus is the weight of the system Want part.When daylight deficiency and night, system can be used the heat energy stored by regenerative apparatus come the company of maintenance Continuous stable operation.Therefore the study hotspot in international forward position is also turned into for the research in terms of heat storage technology exploitation, China is also to this Relevant policies support is put into.For example, being issued in April, 2016 in National Development and Reform Committee, National Energy Board《Energy technology revolution Innovation action plan (2016-2030)》In, " advanced energy storage technology innovation " is listed in one of 15 key tasks, the emphasis Mission requirements is efficient to solar energy optical-thermal to carry out primary study using high-temperature heat-storage technology.

Single tank packed bed storage heater simple structure, and can be used cheap solid packing to replace the heat transfer work such as expensive fused salt Matter carries out accumulation of heat.Therefore, single tank packed bed storage heater is especially obtained in solar energy thermal-power-generating field in industrial application Increasing concern.Now there are some researches show there is a problem of in single tank packed bed storage heater mesolimnion influence heat storage performance.Example Such as, in storage heater exothermic process, the delamination area that temperature is drastically reduced from the bottom to top is will appear from storage heater transfer working medium in heat, That is mesolimnion.When mesolimnion top reaches accumulator outlet, outlet Temperature of Working will begin to decline, and work as outlet temperature decline When below to the critical value that can ensure the normal operation of electricity generation system, storage heater will stop heat release.But now remained in storage heater Still there are a large amount of heat energy to fail release in mesolimnion, thus mesolimnion causes that effective amount of stored heat is reduced, heat storage efficiency reduction, direct shadow The heat storage performance of storage heater is rung.So how to reduce mesolimnion the adverse effect of heat storage performance is just become one it is important Research direction.

The content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to be directed to mesolimnion influence heat storage performance problem, it is proposed that one kind both can rationally control cost, Amount of stored heat is improved, single tank multilayer packed bed storage heater method for designing of heat storage efficiency higher can be kept again.

To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：

1) the design object parameter of storage heater is determined：Minimum effectively amount of stored heat Q_min, minimum heat storage efficiency η_min；

2) filler of preferred list tank multilayer packed bed storage heater：

First, various optional fillers are proposed according to actual conditions；Then, build respectively and filled out using single tank individual layer of each optional fillers The flowing heat transfer mathematical calculation model of a storage heater is filled, based on the model for building, each storage heater exothermic process is simulated and is counted The heat storage performance of each filler is analysed in point counting；

Then, filler is preferably classified：The preferable filler of combination property is gone out as selection indicators, preferably with price and efficiency, Referred to as " basic filler "；With effective amount of stored heat as selection indicators, effective amount of stored heat filler higher, referred to as " accumulation of heat are selected Amount improves filler "；With heat storage efficiency as selection indicators, heat storage efficiency filler higher is selected, referred to as " regulation filler "；

Finally, according to engineering reality, A kinds (A >=1) basis filler, the raising of B kinds (B >=1) amount of stored heat filler and the C that will preferably go out Plant (C >=1) regulation filler and fill filler as three classes of sandwich construction, the three classes filler presses A kinds, B kinds and C kinds in storage heater Be sequentially filled from the bottom to top, in every class filler, the filler that will preferably go out by filler particles equivalent diameter from small to large, under It is supreme to be sequentially filled；

3) structural parameters of Preliminary design list tank multilayer packed bed storage heater：According to minimum effectively amount of stored heat Q_minWith minimum accumulation of heat Efficiency eta_minDesign requirement, calculates storage heater ideal amount of stored heat, according to preferable amount of stored heat, packed bed blade diameter length ratio, the filling of three class fillers The physical parameter of ratio and each filler, primary Calculation obtains the structural parameters of single tank multilayer packed bed storage heater, its structure ginseng Number includes：Filling bed height, packed bed diameter, the filling thickness of each filler；

4) the filling thickness ratio of each filler is adjusted according to heat storage efficiency：To as step 3) designed by single tank multilayer packed bed store Hot device carries out exothermic process simulation and calculates, and obtains its heat storage efficiency η_mIf, η_m≥η_min, then the design result meet design requirement, So then carry out step 5), if η_m<η_min, then the design result be unsatisfactory for design requirement, keep storage heater highly constant, will The filling thickness of underlying basis filler increases to original 1.02 times, and the filling thickness of top layer regulation filler increases to original 1.10 times, and scaled-back middle level amount of stored heat improves the thickness of filler, repeat step 4), until heat storage efficiency meets design requirement After carry out step 5)；

5) last, to as step 4) determined by single tank multilayer packed bed storage heater carry out exothermic process simulation and calculate, obtain it Effective amount of stored heat Q_flowIf, Q_flow≥Q_min, then design is completed, if Q_flow<Q_min, then according to minimum effectively amount of stored heat Q_minDesign It is required that, storage heater diameter is adjusted to the (Q of former intended diameter_min/Q_flow)^0.5Times, repeat step 5), until Q_flowMeet design It is required that completing the design of storage heater.

The step 3) structural parameters of Preliminary design list tank multilayer packed bed storage heater comprise the following steps：

3-1) according to minimum effectively amount of stored heat Q_minWith minimum heat storage efficiency η_minDesign requirement and selected three classes filler thing Property parameter, using formula (1) calculate storage heater preferable amount of stored heat Q_i；

3-2) according to blade diameter length ratio recommendation or design requirement, storage heater height H and diameter D is calculated using formula (2)；

3-3) according to the tank body total height for being calculated and filling thickness ratio value, filling out for various fillers is calculated using formula (3) respectively Fill thickness：

H_a,i=h_a,iH, H_b,i=h_b,iH, H_c,i=h_c,iH (3)

In formula, subscript f, s represent heat-transfer working medium (fluid) and solid packing (solid) respectively；Subscript a, b, c represent base respectively Plinth filler, amount of stored heat improve filler and regulation filler；Subscript i represents i-th kind of filler in each class filler；Q is amount of stored heat, J； ρ is density, kg.m^-3；c_pIt is specific heat at constant pressure, J.kg^-1.K^-1；T₂It is high temperature heat transfer Way of Refrigerant Design temperature, DEG C；T₁For low temperature is passed Hot working fluid design temperature, DEG C；H is filler filling proportion；ε is filler porosity；R is storage heater blade diameter length ratio value；H is that storage heater is total Highly, m；D is storage heater diameter, m；A, B, C represent that plant number, the amount of stored heat of basic filler improve the kind number of filler, regulation respectively The kind number of filler；H_a、H_b、H_cIt is three class filler packed heights, m；h_a、h_b、h_cIt is three class filler filling proportions.

The key Design object and parameter of single tank multilayer packed bed storage heater of the invention include：Preferred, each filler of filler Fill order and filling thickness optimization design, storage heater height H and diameter D design.

The course of work of single tank multilayer packed bed storage heater of the invention is：In charging process, temperature is T₂High temperature heat transfer Working medium is flowed into from upper flow passage, and packed bed region is entered into by working medium distributor.In packed bed region, high temperature refrigerant heating Solid packing, transfers thermal energy to filler and stores, and the cryogenic fluid after being cooled then is flowed out by lower flow passage.Fill hot mistake Temperature is filled with the end of journey, in storage heater for T₂Heat-transfer working medium and solid packing；In exothermic process, temperature is T₁It is low Warm heat-transfer working medium is flowed into from lower flow passage, by entering packed bed region after working medium distributor.In packed bed region, it is stored in Heat energy in high temperature filler passes to cryogenic fluid, and the cryogenic fluid after being heated then flows out from upper flow passage and takes away heat energy.

The present invention control thermocline thickness extension action principle be：(1) heat-transfer working medium is during storage system, its mesolimnion High-temperature interface position H (T_crit,h) and low temperature interface location H (T_crit,l) translational speed it is different and relevant with the species of filler； (2)H(T_crit,h) and H (T_crit,l) translational speed difference cause the thermoclinic appearance of heat-transfer working medium and extension；(3) by excellent Change the fill order and H (T in filling thickness controllable packed bed of each filler of design_crit,h) and H (T_crit,l) translational speed difference, So as to realize the control to thermocline thickness extension.

Method for designing of the invention mainly includes three main points：(1) determination (2) storage heater knot of the selection of filler and fill order The design of structure parameter calculates the adjustment of (3) according to design requirement to storage heater structure.

The reason for three class fillers are sequentially filled by above-mentioned requirements be：(1) in every class filler, using filler particles diameter from it is small to The big method being sequentially filled from the bottom to top, can prevent upper strata filler particles to be affected by gravity and be blended into lower floor and fill out to a certain extent Situation in material hole occurs；(2) the regulation filler that heat storage efficiency is high, thermocline thickness extension is slow is put in top layer, amount of stored heat Improve filler and be placed in middle level, a large amount of heat energy that thermal storage density big amount of stored heat in middle level can be made to improve stored by filler fully discharge, So as to effectively improve heat storage efficiency；(3) improving filler in middle level addition amount of stored heat can increase amount of stored heat, simultaneously because mesolimnion exists The translational speed that amount of stored heat is improved in filler will be less than its translational speed in basic filler, thus can reach in exothermic process In slow down thermocline thickness extension purpose.The detailed process for controlling thermocline thickness to extend is mesolimnion high-temperature interface position H (T_crit,h) enter after amount of stored heat improves filler, its translational speed slows down, and the low temperature interface location H still in basic filler (T_crit,l) translational speed it is constant, now H (T_crit,h) and H (T_crit,l) speed difference will reduce, thermocline thickness L_tcExtension speed Rate will slow down.

Parameter definition, parameter recommendation and relevant parameter calculating formula in design process：

(1) mesolimnion temperature (T_tc, DEG C) scope：

In formula, T_crit,hWith T_crit,lThe heat-transfer working medium temperature at mesolimnion high and low temperature interface is represented respectively, DEG C；T₂With T₁For high and low Warm heat-transfer working medium design temperature, DEG C.

(2) thermocline thickness (L_tc,m)：

In formula, T_outHeat-transfer working medium outlet temperature is represented, DEG C；H (T) represents the height and position of the heat-transfer working medium in temperature T, m。

(3) effectively Exotherm Time (t_d, h) electricity generation system can be ensured for outlet heat-transfer working medium temperature is reduced to from beginning heat release to it The critical-temperature T of normal operation_crBetween Exotherm Time.

(4) preferable amount of stored heat (Q_i,J)：

In formula, Q is amount of stored heat, J；ρ is density, kg.m^-3；c_pIt is specific heat at constant pressure, J.kg^-1.K^-1；H is filler packing ratio Example；ε is filler porosity；Subscript f, s represents heat-transfer working medium (fluid) and solid packing (solid), a, b, c difference table respectively Show that basic filler, amount of stored heat improve filler, regulation filler, A, B, C represent that the species number of basic filler, amount of stored heat are improved respectively The species number of filler, the species number of regulation filler.

(5) effectively amount of stored heat (Q_flow,J)：

In formula, q_fIt is heat-transfer working medium mass flow, kg.s^-1。

(6) heat storage efficiency (η_m)：

η_m=Q_flow/Q_i× 100% (8)

(7) packed bed blade diameter length ratio D/H initial recommendations value is 0.6.

The filling thickness initial recommendation ratio of (8) three class fillers is respectively h_a=0.6, h_b=0.2, h_c=0.2.

(9) the filling thickness H of storage heater height H, diameter D and each filler_a,i、H_b,i、H_c,iPreliminary design calculating formula：

H_a,i=h_a,iH, H_b,i=h_b,iH, H_c,i=h_c,iH (3)

Advantages of the present invention is as follows：

(1) preferred three classes filler is improved into filler, regulation filler according to basic filler, amount of stored heat to be sequentially placed from the bottom to top, And the proportionate relationship between filler is optimized according to design requirement, and the control to thermocline thickness is realized with this, stored so as to reach to improve The purpose of hot property (amount of stored heat, heat storage efficiency).

(2) the single tank multilayer packed bed storage heater designed by the present invention, using the solid packing of relative low price as main Heat accumulating, compared with storage heater of traditional liquid heat transfer working medium only relatively high using price for heat accumulating, can pole The earth reduces the consumption of working medium, so as to effectively reduce cost of investment.

(3) the single tank multilayer packed bed storage heater applicability designed by the present invention is wide, in can be not only used for solar energy thermal-power-generating station Hold over system, can be used in industrial afterheat recovery system again, it may also be used for other batch (-type) heat energy utilization occasions.

(4) the single tank multilayer packed bed storage heater heat accumulation wide temperature range designed by the present invention, by reasonable selection heat-transfer working medium It is capable of achieving the storage to heat energy in various temperature ranges.Such as, heat-transfer working medium can select water in low temperature heat reservoir；In middle temperature Conduction oil, air etc. can be selected in heat reservoir；Fused salt, metal fluid etc. can be selected in high-temperature heat-storage system.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is single tank multilayer packed bed storage heater structural representation；

Fig. 2 is single tank packed bed storage heater packed bed zoning schematic diagram；

Fig. 3 is single tank multilayer packed bed storage heater method for designing flow chart.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment is described in further detail to the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 3, its specific design method is illustrated by taking three layers of design process of packed bed storage heater of single tank as an example：

1) the minimum effectively amount of stored heat Q of single tank packed bed storage heater to be designed is determined_min, minimum heat storage efficiency η_min；

2) physical model of single tank packed bed storage heater is set up

Single tank packed bed storage heater three-decker involved in the present invention is as shown in figure 1, by import and export runner 1,2, working medium point Orchestration 3, tank skin 4 are constituted with multilayer packed bed 5.Packed bed is layered placement and constitutes successively by three kinds of solid porous fillers.Storage heater A height of H, a diameter of D.It is d that thickness is laid outside storage heater wall_i, used as insulation material, heat-insulating property is good, wall for aluminosilicate fiber cotton Face can be considered adiabatic wall.In exothermic process, temperature is filled with initial time storage heater for T₂Heat-transfer working medium and solid Filler.In exothermic process, temperature is T₁Cryogenic heat transfer working medium from lower flow passage flow into, by after working medium distributor enter fill out Fill a region.In packed bed region, the heat energy being stored in high temperature filler passes to cryogenic fluid, and cryogenic fluid is heated, High temperature refrigerant flows out from upper flow passage and takes away heat energy simultaneously.

According to engineering physical condition and operating condition in step 2, it is known that parameter is：T₁、T₂、d_i.Unknown parameter is：H、D.

3) flowing heat transfer numerical model in the two dimension of the single tank packed bed storage heater of foundation, transient state, axial symmetry porous media

For above physical model, it is Numerical modelling region to choose packed bed region as shown in Figure 2.For simplification calculate into Row hypothesis below：(1) without circumferential flow and heat transfer in storage heater；(2) solid packing is considered as continuous, uniform porous media, work Matter is Laminar Flow in packed bed region；(3) solid packing is considered as normal physical property.Based on assumed above, single tank packed bed is established The two-dimensional axial symmetric of storage heater, transient state, thermal nonequilibrium flowing heat transfer model.Model cootrol equation, boundary condition and primary condition It is as follows.

3-1) governing equation

Liquid phase heat-transfer working medium continuity equation：

The liquid phase heat-transfer working medium equation of momentum：

Liquid phase heat-transfer working medium energy equation：

Solid phase filler energy equation：

Body convection transfer rate：

Solid phase filler and liquid phase heat-transfer working medium effective thermal conductivity：

k_all,eff=k_f(k_s/k_f)^m+0.15k_fPrRe_p

M=0.28-0.757log ε -0.057log (k_s/k_f)

Re=ud/ ν, Pr=ν/a

In formula, subscript f and s represents heat-transfer working medium and solid packing respectively, and subscript eff represents virtual value, and subscript p represents dimensionless Parameter；The characteristic dimension of Re and Pr is filler particles equivalent diameter d_p；ε is filler porosity, assume in this example that three layers of filler Porosity is equal；ρ is density, kg.m^-3；c_pIt is specific heat at constant pressure, J.kg^-1.K^-1；K is thermal conductivity factor, W.m^-1.K^-1；It is work Matter superficial velocity, m.s^-1；h_VIt is heat-transfer working medium and the body convection transfer rate of solid packing, W.m^-3.K^-1；ν is liquid viscosity, m².s^-1；A is thermal diffusion coefficient, m².s^-1。

3-2) boundary condition and primary condition

Boundary condition：Entrance is even speed and temperature boundary condition；Export fully to develop boundary condition；Storage heater center line It is symmetrical boundary condition；Storage heater wall is adiabatic boundary condition；It is adiabatic boundary condition to import and export wall section；Fused salt and wall Face is without slip boundary condition.

Primary condition：Filler is identical with heat-transfer working medium temperature in heat release initial time tank body and be T₂, in thermal equilibrium state.

4) three layers of filler of packed bed storage heater of single tank are preferably gone out

Exothermic process simulation 4-1) is carried out to the single tank individual layer packed bed storage heater using optional fillers to calculate

It is highly H, a diameter of D to set storage heater to be determined, in fixed inlet velocity u_inUnder, to the individual layer using optional fillers Packed bed storage heater exothermic process is simulated and calculates, and calculates the heat storage performance of each storage heater, including：Effective amount of stored heat Q_flow, individual layer storage heater heat storage efficiency η_s, the thermoclinic high and low temperature interface (H (T of heat-transfer working medium_crit,h)、H(T_crit,l)) movement Speed, thermocline thickness (L_tc) development.

Satisfactory filler 4-2) is selected according to heat storage performance standard screen

Three layers of packed bed storage heater filler basic demand：Heat storage efficiency η_s≥η₁、ρ_sc_ps≥M₁

4-3) satisfactory filler is classified

According to the heat storage performance analysis to optional fillers, filler is divided three classes：

A bases filler：η₁≤η_s≤η₂、M₁≤ρ_sc_ps<M₂And engineering it is conventional, cheap (such as quartzite)；

B amount of stored heat improves filler：η_s≥η₁、ρ_sc_ps≥M₂；

C adjusts filler：η_s>η₂、M₁≤ρ_sc_ps≤M₂And thermocline thickness extension is slow.

In the present embodiment, η is taken₁=80%, η₂=90%, M₁=2000kJ.m^-3.K^-1、M₂=4000kJ.m^-3.K^-1。

4-4) preferably go out three layers of filler of packed bed storage heater of single tank

According to η_sHighest, ρ_sc_psMaximum, minimum three indexs of price select optimal filler respectively in three class fillers, preferably go out Three kinds of fillers are used as three layers of the three of packed bed storage heater kinds of filler.

Known parameters are in step 4：Various filler physical property and geometric parameter, it is assumed that H, D and engineering actual condition inlet flow Fast u_in.Need to be by the parameter being calculated：Q_flow、η_s、L_tc(t) and H (T_crit,h)、H(T_crit,l) translational speed.

5) three layers of structural parameters of packed bed storage heater are primarily determined that

According to minimum effectively amount of stored heat Q_min, minimum heat storage efficiency η_minAnd the physical parameter of selected filler, can estimate as the following formula Go out required preferable amount of stored heat size.

Blade diameter length ratio value takes D/H=0.6；Filling thickness ratio value takes h respectively_a=0.6, h_b=0.2, h_c=0.2.

According to above-mentioned recommendation, storage heater height H and diameter D is calculated as follows out.

According to H and h_a、h_bWith h_c, it is calculated as follows out three kinds of filling thickness of filler.

Need to obtain three layers of primary design parameters of packed bed storage heater by calculating in step 5, respectively storage heater height H and straight Footpath D, three kinds of filling thickness H of filler_a、H_bWith H_c。

6) three layers of packed bed storage heater exothermic process are simulated and calculate and analyze its heat storage performance

The computation model set up using step 3, simulates three layers of exothermic process of packed bed storage heater, wherein each filler region Solid phase physical parameter calculated by the design parameter of the filler.Record heat-transfer working medium in tank body when time step Δ t Temperature field and outlet Temperature of Working T_out.After exothermic process simulation terminates, the H (T at a moment are obtained according to data_crit,h)、H (T_crit,l)、L_tcAnd T_outValue, while calculating effective amount of stored heat Q of three layers of packed bed storage heater_flowWith heat storage efficiency η_m。

η_m=Q_flow/Q_i× 100%

In formula, q_fIt is heat-transfer working medium mass flow, kg.s^-1。

7) three layers of heat storage efficiency η of packed bed storage heater are judged_mWhether meet the requirements

If 7-1) η_m≥η_min, then three layers of packed bed storage heater heat storage efficiency be higher than minimum heat storage efficiency, meeting design will Ask, carry out step 8).

If 7-2) η_m<η_min, then three layers of packed bed storage heater heat storage efficiency be less than minimum heat storage efficiency, be unsatisfactory for design requirement. So then using the filling thickness for increasing underlying basis filler and top layer regulation filler, reduction middle level amount of stored heat improves filler and fills out Fill the method for thickness to control thermoclinic thickness extension, the purpose of increase heat storage efficiency is reached with this.Three kinds of fillings of filler Thickness changes method ginseng following formula.Repeat step 6) with 7), until heat storage efficiency meets design requirement, followed by carrying out step 8) Calculating.

H′_a=1.02H_a, H '_b=H-H '_a-H′_c, H '_c=1.10H_c

8) three layers of amount of stored heat Q of packed bed storage heater are judged_flowWhether meet the requirements

According to step 7) designed by three layers of packed bed storage heater effective amount of stored heat Q_flow, judge three layers of packed bed storage heater Whether design requirement is met.

If 8-1) Q_flow≥Q_min, then effective amount of stored heat of three layers of packed bed storage heater meet more than minimum effectively amount of stored heat Design requirement, so far design terminates.

If 8-2) Q_flow<Q_min, then effective amount of stored heat of three layers of packed bed storage heater is less than minimum effectively amount of stored heat, i.e., discontented Sufficient design requirement.That then uses D'=D (Q_min/Q_flow)^0.5Increase storage heater diameter to D ' to increase storage volume, with this Reach the purpose for increasing amount of stored heat.Repeat step 8, untill amount of stored heat requirement is met, so as to complete storage heater design.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of single tank multilayer packed bed storage heater method for designing, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

1) the design object parameter of storage heater is determined：Minimum effectively amount of stored heat Q_min, minimum heat storage efficiency η_min；

2) filler of preferred list tank multilayer packed bed storage heater：

First, various optional fillers are proposed according to actual conditions；Then, build respectively and filled out using single tank individual layer of each optional fillers The flowing heat transfer mathematical calculation model of a storage heater is filled, based on the model for building, each storage heater exothermic process is simulated and is counted Calculate, analyze the heat storage performance of each filler；

Then, filler is preferably classified：The preferable filler of combination property is gone out as selection indicators, preferably with price and efficiency, Referred to as " basic filler "；With effective amount of stored heat as selection indicators, effective amount of stored heat filler higher, referred to as " accumulation of heat are selected Amount improves filler "；With heat storage efficiency as selection indicators, heat storage efficiency filler higher is selected, referred to as " regulation filler "；

Finally, according to engineering reality, A kinds (A >=1) basis filler, the raising of B kinds (B >=1) amount of stored heat filler and the C that will preferably go out Plant (C >=1) regulation filler and fill filler as three classes of sandwich construction, the three classes filler presses A kinds, B kinds and C kinds in storage heater Be sequentially filled from the bottom to top, in every class filler, the filler that will preferably go out by filler particles equivalent diameter from small to large, under It is supreme to be sequentially filled；

3) structural parameters of Preliminary design list tank multilayer packed bed storage heater：According to minimum effectively amount of stored heat Q_minWith minimum accumulation of heat Efficiency eta_minDesign requirement, calculates storage heater ideal amount of stored heat, according to preferable amount of stored heat, packed bed blade diameter length ratio, the filling of three class fillers The physical parameter of ratio and each filler, primary Calculation obtains the structural parameters of single tank multilayer packed bed storage heater, its structure ginseng Number includes：Filling bed height, packed bed diameter, the filling thickness of each filler；

4) the filling thickness ratio of each filler is adjusted according to heat storage efficiency：To as step 3) designed by single tank multilayer packed bed store Hot device carries out exothermic process simulation and calculates, and obtains its heat storage efficiency η_mIf, η_m≥η_min, then the design result meet design requirement, So then carry out step 5), if η_m<η_min, then the design result be unsatisfactory for design requirement, keep storage heater highly constant, will The filling thickness of underlying basis filler increases to original 1.02 times, and the filling thickness of top layer regulation filler increases to original 1.10 times, and scaled-back middle level amount of stored heat improves the thickness of filler, repeat step 4), until heat storage efficiency meets design requirement After carry out step 5)；

5) last, to as step 4) determined by single tank multilayer packed bed storage heater carry out exothermic process simulation and calculate, obtain it Effective amount of stored heat Q_flowIf, Q_flow≥Q_min, then design is completed, if Q_flow<Q_min, then according to minimum effectively amount of stored heat Q_minDesign It is required that, storage heater diameter is adjusted to the (Q of former intended diameter_min/Q_flow)^0.5Times, repeat step 5), until Q_flowMeet design It is required that completing the design of storage heater.

2. single tank multilayer packed bed storage heater method for designing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 3) just The structural parameters of the single tank multilayer packed bed storage heater of step design are comprised the following steps：

2-1) according to minimum effectively amount of stored heat Q_minWith minimum heat storage efficiency η_minDesign requirement and selected three classes filler thing Property parameter, using formula (1) calculate storage heater preferable amount of stored heat Q_i；

$\begin{array}{c}{Q}_i=Q_f+Q_s\\ Q_f=\frac{1}{4}{\mathrm{\&pi;D}}^{2}H(T_2-T_1)c_{p,f}{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_f(\underset{i=1}{\overset{A}{\&Sigma;}}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_{a,i}{h}_{a,i}+\underset{i=1}{\overset{B}{\&Sigma;}}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_{b,i}{h}_{b,i}+\underset{i=1}{\overset{C}{\&Sigma;}}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_{c,i}{h}_{c,i})\\ Q_s=\frac{1}{4}{\mathrm{\&pi;D}}^{2}H(T_2-T_1)\&lsqb;\underset{i=1}{\overset{A}{\&Sigma;}}(1-{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_{a,i})h_{a,i}{c}_{p,sa,i}{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{sa,i}\\ +\underset{i=1}{\overset{B}{\&Sigma;}}(1-{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_{b,i})h_{b,i}{c}_{p,sb,i}{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{sb,i}+\underset{i=1}{\overset{C}{\&Sigma;}}(1-{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_{c,i})h_{c,i}{c}_{p,sc,i}{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{sc,i}\&rsqb;\end{array}---\left(1\right)$

2-2) according to blade diameter length ratio recommendation or design requirement, storage heater height H and diameter D is calculated using formula (2)；

$\begin{array}{c}H={\left(\frac{Q}{r^2{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_{\min }K}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}},D=r{\left(\frac{Q_i}{r^2{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_{\min }K}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}}\\ K=\frac{1}{4}\mathrm{\&pi;}(T_2-T_1)\&lsqb;c_{p,f}{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_f(\underset{i=1}{\overset{A}{\&Sigma;}}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_{a,i}{h}_{a,i}+\underset{i=1}{\overset{B}{\&Sigma;}}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_{b,i}{h}_{b,i}+\underset{i=1}{\overset{C}{\&Sigma;}}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_{c,i}{h}_{c,i})\\ +\left(\underset{i=1}{\overset{A}{\&Sigma;}}\right(1-{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_{a,i})h_{a,i}{c}_{p,sa,i}{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{sa,i}+\underset{i=1}{\overset{B}{\&Sigma;}}(1-{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_{b,i})h_{b,i}{c}_{p,sb,i}{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{sb,i}+\underset{i=1}{\overset{C}{\&Sigma;}}(1-{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}_{c,i}\left)h_{c,i}{c}_{p,sc,i}{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{sc,i}\right)\&rsqb;\end{array}---\left(2\right)$

2-3) according to the tank body total height for being calculated and filling thickness ratio value, filling out for various fillers is calculated using formula (3) respectively Fill thickness：

H_a,i=h_a,iH, H_b,i=h_b,iH, H_c,i=h_c,iH (3)

In formula, subscript f, s represent heat-transfer working medium (fluid) and solid packing (solid) respectively；Subscript a, b, c represent base respectively Plinth filler, amount of stored heat improve filler and regulation filler；Subscript i represents i-th kind of filler in each class filler；Q is amount of stored heat, J； ρ is density, kg.m^-3；c_pIt is specific heat at constant pressure, J.kg^-1.K^-1；T₂It is high temperature heat transfer Way of Refrigerant Design temperature, DEG C；T₁For low temperature is passed Hot working fluid design temperature, DEG C；H is filler filling proportion；ε is filler porosity；R is storage heater blade diameter length ratio value；H is that storage heater is total Highly, m；D is storage heater diameter, m；A, B, C represent that plant number, the amount of stored heat of basic filler improve the kind number of filler, regulation respectively The kind number of filler；H_a、H_b、H_cIt is three class filler packed heights, m；h_a、h_b、h_cIt is three class filler filling proportions.