CN106766834B - A kind of elm drying means - Google Patents
A kind of elm drying means Download PDFInfo
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- CN106766834B CN106766834B CN201611106921.1A CN201611106921A CN106766834B CN 106766834 B CN106766834 B CN 106766834B CN 201611106921 A CN201611106921 A CN 201611106921A CN 106766834 B CN106766834 B CN 106766834B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
- A61L2/20—Gaseous substances, e.g. vapours
- A61L2/202—Ozone
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of timber treatment technology fields, and in particular to for a kind of elm drying means, including following processing step: carrying out first cold treatment after being heat-treated for the first time；Cold treatment again is carried out after being heat-treated again；Last final heat treatment, ozone treatment, the elm that elm drying means of the present invention is dried to obtain detects its fungicidal properties through GB/T 18261-2000 " test method of mould inhibitor prevention and treatment timber mould and Stain fungi ", killed value is between 0.25-0.28 within timber 30 days, with very good anti-mold effect, the elm water content being finally dried to obtain is in 8%-10%, elm after drying is smooth not damaged, and without cracking and deformation, elm rate of drying is very fast for inside and outside.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wood processing treatment technical fields, and in particular to for a kind of elm drying means.
Background technique
Elm category deciduous tree, tree is tall and big, throughout northern various regions, especially Yellow River basin, is seen everywhere.Elm wood is hard
Tough, texture is sensible clear, and hardness and moderate strength, general openwork carving embossment adapt to, and planing surface is smooth, and chord plane decorative pattern is beautiful, has
The decorative pattern of " Door frame ", for the use such as furniture, finishing, elm drying, shaping, carving coat with lacquer paint, can make exquisite carved lacquerware work
Skill product.It is the most classical with the old elm of Russia (i.e. purple elm), it is few to have the advantages that clean mark, tree scab greatly, is production furniture
Rare material.Northerly furniture market is seen everywhere.Elm is not easy to dry, and has many elm plates to dry currently on the market
There are many problems for technology, and the drying of timber is not in place, so it is easy to appear crackings and deformation for the elm furniture made.
Summary of the invention
To solve difficult point present in existing elm drying process, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of elm drying sides
Method.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a kind of elm drying means, including following processing step:
(1) first heat treatment: the single level of elm is vacantly handled in hot wind, hot air outlet is horizontal by 60 °
Inclination angle, hot air outlet wind speed are 1.3-1.4m/s, and hot blast temperature is 35-40 DEG C, wherein the elm of thickness < 10cm is dry
Handling the time is 15-20 minutes, in treatment process, and a face was turned over every 5 minutes, and elm of the thickness in 10-25cm is dried
Time is 40-50 minute, in treatment process, turns over a face every 10 minutes, and the elm drying process time of thickness G T.GT.GT 25cm is
80-85 minutes, in treatment process, every 30 minutes, turn over a face；
(2) first cold treatment: the elm that processing obtains is immediately placed on cooling treatment at -10 ~ -12 DEG C, wherein thickness <
The elm cooling treatment time of 10cm is 10-12 minutes, and thickness is 18-20 minutes in the elm cooling treatment time of 10-25cm,
The elm cooling treatment time of thickness G T.GT.GT 25cm is 25-30 minutes；
(3) it is heat-treated: the single level of elm vacantly being handled in hot wind, hot air outlet is horizontal by 40 ° again
Inclination angle, hot air outlet wind speed are 1.8-2m/s, and hot blast temperature is 46-50 DEG C, wherein at the elm of thickness < 10cm is dry
Managing the time is 40-50 minutes, in treatment process, a face is turned over every 10 minutes, thickness is when the elm of 10-25cm is dried
Between be 60-75 minute, in treatment process, turned over a face every 20 minutes, the elm drying process time of thickness G T.GT.GT 25cm is
100-120 minutes, in treatment process, every 30 minutes, turn over a face；
(4) cold treatment again: the elm that processing obtains is immediately placed on cooling treatment at -18 ~ -20 DEG C, wherein thickness <
The elm cooling treatment time of 10cm is 25-28 minutes, and thickness is 30-34 minutes in the elm cooling treatment time of 10-25cm,
The elm cooling treatment time of thickness G T.GT.GT 25cm is 40-45 minutes；
(5) final heat treatment: the single level of elm is vacantly handled in hot wind, hot air outlet is horizontal by 30 °
Inclination angle, hot air outlet wind speed are 1.8-1.9m/s, and hot blast temperature is 43-45 DEG C, wherein the elm of thickness < 10cm is dry
Handling the time is 18-20 minutes, in treatment process, and a face was turned over every 5 minutes, and elm of the thickness in 10-25cm is dried
Time is 36-40 minute, in treatment process, turns over a face every 10 minutes, and the elm drying process time of thickness G T.GT.GT 25cm is
60-65 minutes, in treatment process, every 20 minutes, turn over a face；
(6) ozone treatment: by the elm after final heat treatment vacantly ozone concentration be 35-38% indoor processing,
In, the elm ozone treatment time of thickness < 10cm is 30-40 minutes, and elm ozone treatment time of the thickness in 10-25cm is
50-60 minutes, the elm ozone treatment time of thickness G T.GT.GT 25cm was 80-100 minutes.
The beneficial effects of the invention are that
Elm of the present invention carries out first cold treatment after being heat-treated for the first time；Cold treatment again is carried out after being heat-treated again；Most
Final heat treatment afterwards, cold treatment after being heat-treated repeatedly in this way can effectively avoid occurring section deformation, bending in elm treatment process
Deformation and torsional deformation, the different heat treatment stage, which leads to hot-blast outlet gradient, to be made according to different disposal stage elm characteristic
Adjustment can guarantee that temperature uniformly penetrating avoids occurring cracking phenomena in drying process to wood internal, and can accelerate dry speed
Degree, after the elm being dried to obtain is treated by ozone, anti-corrosion, insect prevention ability are significantly improved, and elm drying means of the present invention is dry
Dry obtained elm, which detects it through GB/T 18261-2000 " test method of mould inhibitor prevention and treatment timber mould and Stain fungi ", to be prevented
Mouldiness energy, killed value has very good anti-mold effect, is finally dried to obtain between 0.25-0.28 within timber 30 days
Elm water content in 8%-10%, it is dry after elm it is smooth not damaged, inside and outside without cracking and deformation, elm rate of drying compared with
Fastly.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of elm drying means, including following processing step:
(1) first heat treatment: the single level of elm is vacantly handled in hot wind, hot air outlet is horizontal by 60 °
Inclination angle, hot air outlet wind speed are 1.3m/s, and hot blast temperature is 35 DEG C, wherein when the elm of thickness < 10cm is dried
Between be 15 minutes, in treatment process, turned over a face every 5 minutes, it is 40 points that thickness, which is dried the time in the elm of 10-25cm,
Clock in treatment process, turned over a face every 10 minutes, and it is 80 minutes that the elm of thickness G T.GT.GT 25cm, which is dried the time, processed
Cheng Zhong turned over a face every 30 minutes；
(2) first cold treatment: the elm that processing obtains is immediately placed on cooling treatment at -10 DEG C, wherein thickness < 10cm
The elm cooling treatment time be 10 minutes, thickness 10-25cm the elm cooling treatment time be 18 minutes, thickness G T.GT.GT 25cm
The elm cooling treatment time be 25 minutes；
(3) it is heat-treated: the single level of elm vacantly being handled in hot wind, hot air outlet is horizontal by 40 ° again
Inclination angle, hot air outlet wind speed are 1.8m/s, and hot blast temperature is 46 DEG C, wherein when the elm of thickness < 10cm is dried
Between be 40 minutes, in treatment process, turned over a face every 10 minutes, it is 60 that thickness, which is dried the time in the elm of 10-25cm,
Minute, in treatment process, a face was turned over every 20 minutes, the elm drying process time of thickness G T.GT.GT 25cm is 100 minutes, processing
In the process, every 30 minutes, a face is turned over；
(4) cold treatment again: the elm that processing obtains is immediately placed on cooling treatment at -18 DEG C, wherein thickness < 10cm
The elm cooling treatment time be 25 minutes, thickness 10-25cm the elm cooling treatment time be 30 minutes, thickness G T.GT.GT 25cm
The elm cooling treatment time be 40 minutes；
(5) final heat treatment: the single level of elm is vacantly handled in hot wind, hot air outlet is horizontal by 30 °
Inclination angle, hot air outlet wind speed are 1.8m/s, and hot blast temperature is 43 DEG C, wherein when the elm of thickness < 10cm is dried
Between be 18 minutes, in treatment process, turned over a face every 5 minutes, it is 36 points that thickness, which is dried the time in the elm of 10-25cm,
Clock in treatment process, turned over a face every 10 minutes, and it is 60 minutes that the elm of thickness G T.GT.GT 25cm, which is dried the time, processed
Cheng Zhong turned over a face every 20 minutes；
(6) ozone treatment: the indoor processing for being vacantly 35% in ozone concentration by the elm after final heat treatment, wherein thick
The elm ozone treatment time for spending < 10cm is 30 minutes, and thickness is 50 minutes in the elm ozone treatment time of 10-25cm, thick
The elm ozone treatment time for spending > 25cm is 80 minutes.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of elm drying means, including following processing step:
(1) first heat treatment: the single level of elm is vacantly handled in hot wind, hot air outlet is horizontal by 60 °
Inclination angle, hot air outlet wind speed are 1.4m/s, and hot blast temperature is 40 DEG C, wherein when the elm of thickness < 10cm is dried
Between be 20 minutes, in treatment process, turned over a face every 5 minutes, it is 50 points that thickness, which is dried the time in the elm of 10-25cm,
Clock in treatment process, turned over a face every 10 minutes, and it is 85 minutes that the elm of thickness G T.GT.GT 25cm, which is dried the time, processed
Cheng Zhong turned over a face every 30 minutes；
(2) first cold treatment: the elm that processing obtains is immediately placed on cooling treatment at -12 DEG C, wherein thickness < 10cm
The elm cooling treatment time be 12 minutes, thickness 10-25cm the elm cooling treatment time be 20 minutes, thickness G T.GT.GT 25cm
The elm cooling treatment time be 30 minutes；
(3) it is heat-treated: the single level of elm vacantly being handled in hot wind, hot air outlet is horizontal by 40 ° again
Inclination angle, hot air outlet wind speed are 2m/s, and hot blast temperature is 50 DEG C, wherein the elm of thickness < 10cm is dried the time
It is 50 minutes, in treatment process, a face was turned over every 10 minutes, thickness is 75 points in the elm drying process time of 10-25cm
Clock in treatment process, turned over a face every 20 minutes, and it is 120 minutes that the elm of thickness G T.GT.GT 25cm, which is dried the time, processed
Cheng Zhong turned over a face every 30 minutes；
(4) cold treatment again: the elm that processing obtains is immediately placed on cooling treatment at -20 DEG C, wherein thickness < 10cm
The elm cooling treatment time be 28 minutes, thickness 10-25cm the elm cooling treatment time be 34 minutes, thickness G T.GT.GT 25cm
The elm cooling treatment time be 45 minutes；
(5) final heat treatment: the single level of elm is vacantly handled in hot wind, hot air outlet is horizontal by 30 °
Inclination angle, hot air outlet wind speed are 1.9m/s, and hot blast temperature is 45 DEG C, wherein when the elm of thickness < 10cm is dried
Between be 20 minutes, in treatment process, turned over a face every 5 minutes, it is 40 points that thickness, which is dried the time in the elm of 10-25cm,
Clock in treatment process, turned over a face every 10 minutes, and it is 65 minutes that the elm of thickness G T.GT.GT 25cm, which is dried the time, processed
Cheng Zhong turned over a face every 20 minutes；
(6) ozone treatment: the indoor processing for being vacantly 38% in ozone concentration by the elm after final heat treatment, wherein thick
The elm ozone treatment time for spending < 10cm is 40 minutes, and thickness is 60 minutes in the elm ozone treatment time of 10-25cm, thick
The elm ozone treatment time for spending > 25cm is 100 minutes.
Below in conjunction with specific drying test, the present invention is further described:
Test former material is specification 200mm × 100mm × 20mm(length × width × height), it is divided into tri- groups of A, B, C, every group 5 pieces,
The same strain elm that wooden unit is cut down from same forest farm is made, and before dry, precise measurement tests the size of former material, and A block timber uses
1 mode of embodiment is dried, and B block timber on the basis of embodiment 1, directlys adopt step (1), step (3), step (5)
Drying process is dried, and omits step (2), (4), (6), and C block timber is dried using common process, after drying,
Evaluation external crack grade, internal cleavage grade, section deformation value, distortion value, bending value, finally dry water content；
Wherein, external cracking grade is divided into 1,2,3 rank, and 1 grade has no cracking for surface, 2 grades lighter to crack, mainly
It is split for end check, end table, 3 grades are serious cracking, and there is cracking on end face and surface；
Internal cleavage grade is divided into 1,2,3 rank, and 1 grade has no cracking for surface, and 2 grades lighter to crack, 3 grades are cracking
Seriously, serious cracking；
It the results are shown in Table 1:
| Group | Outside cracking grade | Internal cleavage grade | Section deformation average value (mm) | Torsional deformation average value (mm) | Bending deformation average value (mm) | Final dry water content (%) |
| A | 1 | 1 | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.11 | 8.5 |
| B | 3 | 3 | 1.62 | 1.84 | 3.30 | 22.9 |
| C | 2 | 2 | 1.05 | 1.27 | 2.23 | 10.6 |
By upper table 1 it is found that elm carries out first cold treatment after being heat-treated for the first time through embodiment 1；It is heat-treated again laggard
Row cold treatment again；Last final heat treatment, can significantly reduce timber crack incidence in drying process, and section deformation value is turned round
Song value and bending value, and drying of wood dehydration can be dramatically speeded up, it is achieved with the lower timber of water content in a relatively short period of time.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of elm drying means, which is characterized in that including following processing step:
(1) first heat treatment: the single level of elm is vacantly handled in hot wind, hot air outlet is tilted horizontal by 60 °
Angle, hot air outlet wind speed are 1.3-1.4m/s, and hot blast temperature is 35-40 DEG C；
(2) elm that processing obtains first cold treatment: is immediately placed on cooling treatment at -10 ~ -12 DEG C；
(3) it is heat-treated again: the single level of elm is vacantly handled in hot wind, hot air outlet is tilted horizontal by 40 °
Angle, hot air outlet wind speed are 1.8-2m/s, and hot blast temperature is 46-50 DEG C；
(4) elm that processing obtains cold treatment again: is immediately placed on cooling treatment at -18 ~ -20 DEG C；
(5) final heat treatment: the single level of elm is vacantly handled in hot wind, and hot air outlet is tilted horizontal by 30 °
Angle, hot air outlet wind speed are 1.8-1.9m/s, and hot blast temperature is 43-45 DEG C；
Ozone treatment: by the elm after final heat treatment vacantly in the indoor processing that ozone concentration is 35-38%.
2. a kind of elm drying means according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The first heat treatment time of elm of thickness < 10cm is 15-20 minutes, and in treatment process, a face was turned over every 5 minutes, thick
Degree is 40-50 minutes in the first heat treatment time of elm of 10-25cm, and in treatment process, a face, thickness were turned over every 10 minutes
The first heat treatment time of the elm of > 25cm is 80-85 minutes, in treatment process, every 30 minutes, turns over a face.
3. a kind of elm drying means according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The elm of the thickness < 10cm first cold treatment time is 10-12 minutes, and thickness is in the first cold treatment of elm of 10-25cm
Between be 18-20 minute, the elm of the thickness G T.GT.GT 25cm first cold treatment time be 25-30 minutes.
4. a kind of elm drying means according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Heat treatment time is 40-50 minutes to the elm of thickness < 10cm again, and in treatment process, a face was turned over every 10 minutes,
In the elm of 10-25cm, heat treatment time is 60-75 minutes to thickness again, and in treatment process, a face was turned over every 20 minutes, thick
Heat treatment time is 100-120 minutes to the elm of degree > 25cm again, in treatment process, every 30 minutes, turns over a face.
5. a kind of elm drying means according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The cold treatment time is 25-28 minutes to the elm of thickness < 10cm again, and thickness is in the elm cold treatment again of 10-25cm
Between be 30-34 minute, the elm of thickness G T.GT.GT 25cm again the cold treatment time be 40-45 minutes.
6. a kind of elm drying means according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The elm final heat treatment time of thickness < 10cm is 18-20 minutes, and in treatment process, a face was turned over every 5 minutes, thick
Spending in the elm final heat treatment time of 10-25cm is 36-40 minutes, and in treatment process, a face, thickness were turned over every 10 minutes
The elm final heat treatment time of > 25cm is 60-65 minutes, in treatment process, every 20 minutes, turns over a face.
7. a kind of elm drying means according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The elm ozone treatment time of thickness < 10cm is 30-40 minutes, and elm ozone treatment time of the thickness in 10-25cm is
50-60 minutes, the elm ozone treatment time of thickness G T.GT.GT 25cm was 80-100 minutes.
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| CN201611106921.1A CN106766834B (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2016-12-06 | A kind of elm drying means |
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| CN201611106921.1A CN106766834B (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2016-12-06 | A kind of elm drying means |
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| CN106766834B true CN106766834B (en) | 2019-07-16 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1599135A (en) * | 1925-11-24 | 1926-09-07 | Texas Gulf Sulphur Co | Method of improving the properties of wood |
| CN1864955A (en) * | 2006-06-08 | 2006-11-22 | 杨天敏 | Method for preventing against milden, rot and blackening in wood drying process |
| CN101738060A (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2010-06-16 | 姜金法 | Process for drying timber |
| CN101852539A (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2010-10-06 | 福建农林大学 | Preparation process for alternatively drying wood by high temperature and room temperature combination |
| CN102435054A (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-05-02 | 广元豪运林业有限公司 | Wood drying method |
-
2016
- 2016-12-06 CN CN201611106921.1A patent/CN106766834B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1599135A (en) * | 1925-11-24 | 1926-09-07 | Texas Gulf Sulphur Co | Method of improving the properties of wood |
| CN1864955A (en) * | 2006-06-08 | 2006-11-22 | 杨天敏 | Method for preventing against milden, rot and blackening in wood drying process |
| CN101738060A (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2010-06-16 | 姜金法 | Process for drying timber |
| CN101852539A (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2010-10-06 | 福建农林大学 | Preparation process for alternatively drying wood by high temperature and room temperature combination |
| CN102435054A (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-05-02 | 广元豪运林业有限公司 | Wood drying method |
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