CN106765284B - Negative pressure ignition heat exchange preheating device - Google Patents
Negative pressure ignition heat exchange preheating device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106765284B CN106765284B CN201611182354.8A CN201611182354A CN106765284B CN 106765284 B CN106765284 B CN 106765284B CN 201611182354 A CN201611182354 A CN 201611182354A CN 106765284 B CN106765284 B CN 106765284B
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchange
- preheating
- pipe
- hearth
- preheating pipe
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
- F22B31/08—Installation of heat-exchange apparatus or of means in boilers for heating air supplied for combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
- F23Q7/02—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs for igniting solid fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
- F24H1/44—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups F24H1/24 - F24H1/40 , e.g. boilers having a combination of features covered by F24H1/24 - F24H1/40
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
Abstract
The negative pressure ignition heat exchange preheating device comprises a hearth, a fan, a preheating pipeline and a heat exchange pipeline, wherein a heat preservation preheating layer and a fluid heat exchange sleeve are arranged outside the hearth, the heat preservation preheating layer is arranged between the hearth and the fluid heat exchange sleeve, the heat exchange pipeline is respectively connected with the fan and the hearth in an airtight manner, and the preheating pipeline is respectively communicated with the hearth and the outside; the air pipe valve switch can be actively controlled, the energy efficiency is improved, the air tightness of the layer chamber is good, and air leakage is not easy to occur.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coal-fired boilers, in particular to a negative pressure ignition heat exchange preheating device.
Background
The boiler is an energy conversion device, the energy input to the boiler is chemical energy or electric energy in fuel, and the boiler outputs steam, high temperature water or organic heat carrier with certain heat energy. The boiler comprises a water pot heated on fire and a place furnace for burning fuel. The hot water or steam generated in the boiler can directly provide heat energy required by industrial production and people living, and can also be converted into mechanical energy through a steam power device or converted into electric energy through a generator.
The existing coal-fired boiler adopts the traditional mode of directly burning and heating the water-holding pot by an open hearth for heating. The combustion heat exchange efficiency is low, and chemical energy can not be fully converted into heat energy in a carrier after being combusted. In addition, the combustion of fuel such as coal in an open hearth is greatly affected by the ambient temperature. The fuel is difficult to burn completely at low temperature, so that harmful substances such as smoke dust, carbon monoxide, sulfur monoxide and the like are discharged along with the smoke, the environment is polluted, and the combustion heat value is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a negative pressure ignition heat exchange preheating device which can actively control the opening and closing of an air pipe valve, improves the energy efficiency, has good air tightness of a layer chamber and is not easy to leak air, and the problem that the heat exchange efficiency of a coal-fired boiler in the prior art is low, fuel cannot be fully combusted and is greatly influenced by the ambient temperature is solved.
The negative pressure ignition heat exchange preheating device comprises a hearth, a fan, a preheating pipeline and a heat exchange pipeline, wherein a heat preservation preheating layer and a fluid heat exchange sleeve are arranged outside the hearth, the heat preservation preheating layer is arranged between the hearth and the fluid heat exchange sleeve, the heat exchange pipeline is respectively connected with the fan and the hearth in an airtight manner, and the preheating pipeline is respectively communicated with the hearth and the outside;
the heat exchange pipeline comprises a heat exchange heating pipe and a heat exchange flue, the heat exchange heating pipe is arranged in the fluid heat exchange sleeve, the front end of the heat exchange heating pipe is communicated with the upper part of the hearth, and the tail end of the heat exchange heating pipe is communicated with the heat exchange flue; the tail end of the heat exchange flue is connected with the fan;
the preheating pipeline comprises a first preheating pipe, a second preheating pipe and a third preheating pipe, the third preheating pipe is wound in the heat-preserving preheating layer outside the hearth, the tail end of the third preheating pipe is communicated with the lower part of the hearth, and the front end of the third preheating pipe is communicated with the second preheating pipe; the second preheating pipe is wound in the fluid heat exchange sleeve, and the front end of the second preheating pipe is communicated with the first preheating pipe; the first preheating pipe is sleeved in the heat exchange flue and is communicated with the outside.
The working mechanism of the heat exchange pipeline is as follows: the method comprises the steps of burning fuel in a hearth to generate high-temperature smoke, heating external fluid through a heat exchange heating pipe, conveying the heat exchange fluid to a heat exchange flue after heating, heating a first preheating pipe in the heat exchange flue to enable internal air to be initially heated, and pumping the internal air to the outside through a fan.
The working mechanism of the preheating pipeline is as follows: outside air is pumped into the first preheating pipe under the action of negative pressure and is primarily preheated through the heat exchange flue; then the fluid is input into a second preheating pipe and is subjected to secondary preheating by the fluid in the fluid heat exchange sleeve; then enters a third preheating pipe, and the hot air is directly heated by using the combustion heat of the fuel in the hearth; and finally, conveying high-temperature air to the bottom of the hearth, ascending to contact with fuel for combustion, releasing heat, generating high-temperature flue gas and entering a heat exchange pipeline.
Preferably, the fluid heat exchange sleeve comprises a water feeding port and a water return port, the heat exchange heating pipe is wound in the upper portion of the fluid heat exchange sleeve, the second preheating pipe is wound in the lower portion of the fluid heat exchange sleeve, the water return port is arranged above the heat exchange heating pipe, and the water feeding port is arranged between the heat exchange heating pipe and a horizontal plane where the second preheating pipe is located. The structure is favorable for air stepwise heating, and the flue gas heat in the heat exchange heating pipes can be preferentially used for heating fluid heating, so that backflow is promoted, and heating heat is guaranteed. Preferably, the fluid is water, steam or heat transfer oil.
Further, the lower part of the hearth is provided with a dust grate, and an electric heating tube is arranged below the dust grate. The ash grate can prevent the lower electric heating tube from being covered by the furnace ash, improves the electric heating ignition efficiency, and facilitates the extraction and maintenance of the electric heating tube. Preferably, the outer layer of the electric heating tube is a quartz tube and contains carbon fiber heating wires.
Further, in the heat preservation preheating layer outside the hearth, a hot water pipe is wound alternately with the third preheating pipe. The hot water pipe can be heated by primary heat generated by combustion of fuel in the hearth and is used for boiling water or generating high-temperature steam.
The invention brings comprehensive effects that:
the invention can realize the negative pressure state in the hearth and the gas path by utilizing the fan and the airtight pipeline, promote the effective flow of gas, not only facilitate the full combustion of fuel, but also eliminate the hidden trouble of leakage of harmful waste gas. The invention utilizes the multistage heat exchange mechanism, fully utilizes the radiation heat transferred by the hearth and the convection heat of the smoke, and improves the heat utilization efficiency. The invention also carries out multistage preheating on the air entering the hearth through the multistage heat exchange mechanism, thereby not only promoting the full combustion of fuel and reducing the generation of harmful substances; and the air is close to or even exceeds the ignition point of the fuel, so that the ignition rate of the fuel is improved, and short-time rapid heating is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the negative pressure ignition heat exchange preheating device in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Wherein like parts are designated by like reference numerals throughout the several views; the figures are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Example 1
The negative pressure ignition heat exchange preheating device comprises a hearth 1, a fan 2, a preheating pipeline 3 and a heat exchange pipeline 4, wherein a heat preservation preheating layer 5 and a fluid heat exchange sleeve 6 are arranged outside the hearth 1, the heat preservation preheating layer 5 is arranged between the hearth 1 and the fluid heat exchange sleeve 6, the heat exchange pipeline 4 is respectively connected with the fan 2 and the hearth 1 in an airtight manner, and the preheating pipeline 3 is respectively communicated with the hearth 1 and the outside;
the heat exchange pipeline 4 comprises a heat exchange heating pipe 41 and a heat exchange flue 42, the heat exchange heating pipe 41 is arranged in the fluid heat exchange sleeve 6, the front end of the heat exchange heating pipe is communicated with the upper part of the hearth 1, and the tail end of the heat exchange heating pipe is communicated with the heat exchange flue 42; the tail end of the heat exchange flue 42 is connected with the fan 2;
the preheating pipeline 3 comprises a first preheating pipe, a second preheating pipe and a third preheating pipe, the third preheating pipe 33 is wound in the heat-preserving preheating layer outside the hearth, the tail end of the third preheating pipe is communicated with the lower part of the hearth 1, and the front end of the third preheating pipe is communicated with the second preheating pipe 32; the second preheating pipe 32 is wound in the fluid heat exchange sleeve 6, and the front end of the second preheating pipe is communicated with the first preheating pipe 31; the first preheating pipe 31 is sleeved in the heat exchange flue 42 and is communicated with the outside.
The working mechanism of the heat exchange pipeline 4 is as follows: the combustion of the fuel in the hearth 1 generates high-temperature flue gas, the external fluid is heated by the heat exchange heating pipe 41, the heat exchange fluid is used for heating and then is conveyed to the heat exchange flue 42, the first preheating pipe 31 in the heat exchange flue 42 is heated, so that the internal air is initially heated, and then the internal air is pumped to the outside through the fan 2.
The working mechanism of the preheating pipeline 3 is as follows: outside air is pumped into the first preheating pipe 31 under the action of negative pressure and is primarily preheated through the heat exchange flue 42; then the fluid is input into a second preheating pipe 32 and is subjected to secondary preheating by the fluid in the fluid heat exchange sleeve 6; then enters a third preheating pipe 33, and the combustion heat of the fuel in the hearth 1 is utilized to directly heat the hot air; and finally, conveying high-temperature air to the bottom of the hearth 1, ascending to contact with fuel for combustion, releasing heat and generating high-temperature flue gas, and entering a heat exchange pipeline 4.
The fluid heat exchange sleeve 6 comprises a water feeding port 61 and a water return port 62, the heat exchange heating pipe 41 is wound in the upper portion of the fluid heat exchange sleeve 6, the second preheating pipe 32 is wound in the lower portion of the fluid heat exchange sleeve 6, the water return port 62 is arranged above the heat exchange heating pipe 41, and the water feeding port 61 is arranged between the water levels of the heat exchange heating pipe 41 and the second preheating pipe 32. This structure is provided with and is favorable to the air stepwise intensification, just the flue gas heat in the heat transfer heating coil 41 can be used for heating fluid heating preferentially, promotes the backward flow, guarantees the heating heat. The fluid is water.
The lower part of the hearth 1 is provided with a grate 11, and an electric heating tube 12 is arranged below the grate 11. The ash grate 11 can prevent the lower electric heating tube 12 from being covered by ash, improves the electric heating ignition efficiency, and facilitates the extraction and maintenance of the electric heating tube 12. The outer layer of the electric heating tube 12 is a quartz tube, and a carbon fiber heating wire is contained in the quartz tube.
A hot water pipe 51 is wound between the third preheating pipe 33 and the heat preservation preheating layer 5 outside the hearth 1. The hot water pipe 51 can be heated by primary heat generated by combustion of fuel in the hearth, and is used for boiling water or generating high-temperature steam.
The invention has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and any and all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims are within the scope of the invention. Various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the respective embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict.
Claims (4)
1. The negative pressure ignition heat exchange preheating device is characterized by comprising a hearth, a fan, a preheating pipeline and a heat exchange pipeline, wherein a heat preservation preheating layer and a fluid heat exchange sleeve are arranged outside the hearth;
the heat exchange pipeline comprises a heat exchange heating pipe and a heat exchange flue, the heat exchange heating pipe is arranged in the fluid heat exchange sleeve, the front end of the heat exchange heating pipe is communicated with the upper part of the hearth, and the tail end of the heat exchange heating pipe is communicated with the heat exchange flue; the tail end of the heat exchange flue is connected with the fan;
the preheating pipeline comprises a first preheating pipe, a second preheating pipe and a third preheating pipe, the third preheating pipe is wound in the heat-preserving preheating layer outside the hearth, the tail end of the third preheating pipe is communicated with the lower part of the hearth, and the front end of the third preheating pipe is communicated with the second preheating pipe; the second preheating pipe is wound in the fluid heat exchange sleeve, and the front end of the second preheating pipe is communicated with the first preheating pipe; the first preheating pipe is sleeved in the heat exchange flue and communicated with the outside,
the fluid heat exchange sleeve comprises a water feeding port and a water return port, the heat exchange heating pipe is wound in the upper portion of the fluid heat exchange sleeve, the second preheating pipe is wound in the lower portion of the fluid heat exchange sleeve, the water return port is arranged above the heat exchange heating pipe, and the water feeding port is arranged between the heat exchange heating pipe and a horizontal plane where the second preheating pipe is located.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the lower part of the hearth is provided with an ash grate, and an electric heating tube is arranged below the ash grate.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the outer layer of the electric heating tube is a quartz tube and internally provided with a carbon fiber heating wire.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: and hot water pipes are wound in the heat preservation preheating layer outside the hearth and are alternately arranged with the third preheating pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611182354.8A CN106765284B (en) | 2016-12-20 | 2016-12-20 | Negative pressure ignition heat exchange preheating device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611182354.8A CN106765284B (en) | 2016-12-20 | 2016-12-20 | Negative pressure ignition heat exchange preheating device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106765284A CN106765284A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
| CN106765284B true CN106765284B (en) | 2023-09-05 |
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ID=58889407
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611182354.8A Active CN106765284B (en) | 2016-12-20 | 2016-12-20 | Negative pressure ignition heat exchange preheating device |
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| CN (1) | CN106765284B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107345657A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-11-14 | 德清县德沃工业设备安装有限公司 | A kind of water storage device of steam generator |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4364514A (en) * | 1978-10-25 | 1982-12-21 | Toporek John R | Heat-recovering apparatus for furnaces |
| US6270542B1 (en) * | 1999-10-15 | 2001-08-07 | Harry E. Naylor | Home and industrial heating furnace that produces fuel gas |
| CN202303872U (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2012-07-04 | 梁才 | Smoke prevention and dust control assembled type heat pipe hot-air heating stove |
| CN105889971B (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2019-04-26 | 温岭市百然机械有限公司 | Burner and its application method based on smoke pre-heating air |
| CN205782935U (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-12-07 | 温岭市百然机械有限公司 | Utilize the burner of smoke pre-heating air |
| CN206269163U (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-06-20 | 青岛极致节能环保有限公司 | A kind of negative pressure is ignited heat exchange preheating device |
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- 2016-12-20 CN CN201611182354.8A patent/CN106765284B/en active Active
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| CN106765284A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
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