CN106765273B - Exhaust gas powder feeding boiler combustion system with tertiary air separation - Google Patents
Exhaust gas powder feeding boiler combustion system with tertiary air separation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106765273B CN106765273B CN201611102049.3A CN201611102049A CN106765273B CN 106765273 B CN106765273 B CN 106765273B CN 201611102049 A CN201611102049 A CN 201611102049A CN 106765273 B CN106765273 B CN 106765273B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K3/02—Pneumatic feeding arrangements, i.e. by air blast
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
- F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
- F23M5/085—Cooling thereof; Tube walls using air or other gas as the cooling medium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
- F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
A combustion system of a exhaust gas powder feeding boiler with tertiary air separation relates to a boiler combustion system. In order to solve the problems that when the exhaust powder feeding boiler is actually operated, the air quantity of exhaust air is seriously out of standard due to the change of coal quality or the problem of a pulverizing system, the air speed of primary air is too high, so that the emission of nitrogen oxides at the tail part of the boiler is too high, meanwhile, the combustion effect in a boiler hearth is not stable enough or the boiler is changed from middle-storage-bin type hot air powder feeding to exhaust powder feeding, and the boiler cannot be fully used for primary air powder feeding to prevent the problem that the air speed of primary air is too high, the ignition is delayed, and the combustion effect in the boiler is insufficient. The water cooling wall for the boiler is provided with a light tertiary air nozzle, a dense tertiary air nozzle, a plurality of overfire air nozzles, a plurality of primary air nozzles and a plurality of secondary air nozzles, the top of the main cylinder body is connected with a coal dust distributor through a separator inlet through a communicating pipe, the coal dust distributor is connected with a primary air pipe through a ventilation pipe, and the primary air pipe is connected with the primary air nozzle. The invention is used in the exhaust gas powder feeding boiler.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a combustion system of a spent air powder feeding boiler or a spent air powder feeding boiler changed from hot air powder feeding, in particular to a combustion system of a spent air powder feeding boiler with tertiary air separation.
Background
Lean coal and anthracite coal with low combustion performance are widely used in the middle-bin type exhaust gas powder feeding pulverizing system, and in addition, some bituminous coal boilers meeting the conditions adopt the pulverizing system. The powder making system is characterized in that most of coal powder is separated by a fine powder separator and stored in a powder bin, and waste gas of a coal mill is used as primary air to be conveyed into a furnace for combustion. When the problems of coal quality change or coal pulverizing system output and the like are caused, the problems of excessive exhaust gas quantity, excessive primary air speed, delayed primary air ignition, unstable combustion in the boiler, insufficient combustion, reduction of boiler efficiency, influence on normal operation of the boiler, excessive tail ash content of the boiler, excessive emission of nitrogen oxides and the like are caused.
The middle storage bin type hot air powder feeding boiler can improve the ignition performance of coal powder because of hot air powder feeding, so the middle storage bin type hot air powder feeding boiler is widely used for lean coal and anthracite with the combustion performance lower than medium, and in addition, a part of bituminous coal boilers meeting the conditions adopt the powder making system. The powder making system is characterized in that most of coal powder is separated by a fine powder separator and stored in a powder bin, and hot air heated by an air preheater is used as primary air to be conveyed into a furnace for reference and combustion. The coal powder preparation system can lead the coal powder to be easy to catch fire, stable in combustion and high in combustion temperature in the furnace, but the nitrogen oxide emission of the boiler under the coal powder preparation system is too high to meet the current environmental protection requirement, so that the coal powder preparation system is transformed into exhaust gas to send the coal powder for achieving the new environmental protection requirement. However, when the problems of coal quality change or the output of a pulverizing system and the like are caused, the exhaust air quantity is too high, the primary air speed is too high, and when the normal operation of the boiler cannot be met, the combustion in the boiler is unstable and is not divided, the boiler efficiency is reduced, the normal operation of the boiler is influenced, and meanwhile, the problems of too high ash flying content at the tail part of the boiler, too high emission of nitrogen oxides and the like are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that when the exhaust gas powder feeding boiler or the hot air is changed into the exhaust gas powder feeding boiler to actually operate, the exhaust gas air quantity is usually overlarge due to the existence of coal quality or a pulverizing system, the primary air speed is overhigh, the ignition of primary air in the boiler is delayed, the combustion in the boiler is unstable and insufficient, the efficiency of the boiler is reduced and the like, the exhaust gas which is superfluously discharged is taken as tertiary air to be sprayed into a hearth under the condition that the primary air quantity is ensured to meet the normal operation, and meanwhile, the combustion system of the exhaust gas powder feeding boiler with the tertiary air separation is further provided for reducing the influence of the tertiary air on the combustion of the hearth and reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides at the tail part of the boiler.
The invention adopts the technical proposal for solving the problems that:
the combustion system with tertiary air separation for the exhaust gas powder-feeding boiler comprises a water cooling wall for the boiler, a cyclone separator, a communicating pipe for the inlet of the separator, a coal powder distributor, an exhaust pipe and a primary air pipe;
the cyclone separator comprises a main cylinder body, a light tertiary air pipe and a thick tertiary air pipe, wherein the light tertiary air pipe and the thick tertiary air pipe are sequentially arranged between a water cooling wall for a boiler and the main cylinder body from top to bottom, the water cooling wall for the boiler is provided with a light tertiary air nozzle, a thick tertiary air nozzle, a plurality of over-fire air nozzles, a plurality of primary air nozzles and a plurality of secondary air nozzles, one end of the light tertiary air pipe is communicated with the main cylinder body, the other end of the light tertiary air pipe is communicated with the light tertiary air nozzle on the water cooling wall for the boiler, one end of the thick tertiary air pipe is communicated with the main cylinder body, and the other end of the thick tertiary air pipe is communicated with the thick tertiary air nozzle on the water cooling wall for the boiler;
the top of the main cylinder body is communicated with a coal powder distributor through a communicating pipe for the inlet of the separator, the coal powder distributor is communicated with a primary air pipe through a ventilation pipe, and the primary air pipe is communicated with a primary air nozzle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. on the basis of ensuring the primary air quantity, the invention takes redundant exhaust gas as tertiary air, and effectively separates the tertiary air of the boiler by mutually matching the inlet communicating pipe of the separator, the cyclone separator and the nozzles on the water cooling wall for the boiler.
2. The invention sprays the tertiary air containing 10-30% of tertiary air volume separated by the cyclone separator and the concentrated tertiary air containing 80-90% of total tertiary air powder into the boiler furnace after passing through the concentrated tertiary air pipe and the concentrated tertiary air nozzle in turn, which is beneficial to the burnout of coal powder and reduces the production of fly ash combustible and slag combustible at the tail of the boiler.
3. According to the invention, the tertiary air containing 70-90% of tertiary air and having a powder content of about 10-20% of total tertiary air powder separated by the cyclone separator is sequentially sprayed into a boiler furnace through the light tertiary air pipe and the light tertiary air nozzle and then moved upwards to be used as partial over-fire air, so that the influence of the tertiary air on the tissue combustion of a main combustion area in the boiler is effectively reduced, and the stability of the combustion in the boiler is enhanced.
4. The invention has reasonable structural arrangement and convenient operation, and realizes safe and environment-friendly operation mode by matching with the boiler.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front view structure of the present invention, in which a primary air duct 14 communicates with a primary air nozzle 9, solid arrows in the figure indicate the entering direction of tertiary air, and hollow arrows indicate the entering direction of primary air;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the cyclone separator 2 in a front view;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a single angle individual layer spout arrangement in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1, 2 and 3, and includes a water-cooled wall 1 for a boiler, a cyclone separator 2, a communicating pipe 3 for a separator inlet, a pulverized coal distributor 12, a ventilation pipe 13 and a primary air pipe 14;
the cyclone separator 2 comprises a main cylinder 2-1, a light tertiary air pipe 2-2 and a thick tertiary air pipe 2-3, wherein the light tertiary air pipe 2-2 and the thick tertiary air pipe 2-3 are sequentially arranged between the water-cooled wall 1 for the boiler and the main cylinder 2-1 from top to bottom, the water-cooled wall 1 for the boiler is provided with a light tertiary air nozzle 7, a thick tertiary air nozzle 10, a plurality of overfire air nozzles 8, a plurality of primary air nozzles 9 and a plurality of secondary air nozzles 11, one end of the light tertiary air pipe 2-2 is communicated with the main cylinder 2-1, the other end of the light tertiary air pipe 2-2 is communicated with the light tertiary air nozzle 7 on the water-cooled wall 1 for the boiler, one end of the thick tertiary air pipe 2-3 is communicated with the thick tertiary air nozzle 10 on the water-cooled wall 1 for the boiler;
the top of the main cylinder 2-1 is communicated with a coal powder distributor 12 through a communicating pipe 3 for the inlet of the separator, the coal powder distributor 12 is communicated with a primary air pipe 14 through a ventilation pipe 13, and the primary air pipe 14 is communicated with a primary air nozzle 9.
In the invention, one end of the light tertiary air pipe 2-2 communicated with the main cylinder body 2-1 is an air inlet of the light tertiary air, and the other end of the light tertiary air pipe 2-2 communicated with the light tertiary air nozzle 7 on the water cooling wall 1 for the boiler is an air outlet of the light tertiary air. Similarly, one end of the concentrated tertiary air pipe 2-3 communicated with the main cylinder 2-1 is an air inlet of the concentrated tertiary air, and the other end of the concentrated tertiary air pipe 2-3 communicated with the concentrated tertiary air nozzle 10 on the water-cooled wall 1 for the boiler is an air outlet of the concentrated tertiary air.
The light tertiary air pipe 2-2 and the thick tertiary air pipe 2-3 are used for guiding light tertiary air and thick tertiary air respectively.
The cyclone separator 2 in the invention is a tertiary air superfine pulverized coal separator.
The coal powder distributor 12 is a conventional product in the present invention.
In the invention, the light tertiary air pipes 2-2 and the light tertiary air nozzles 7 are in one-to-one correspondence, and the number and arrangement positions of the light tertiary air nozzles 7 are determined according to the model of the boiler. Similarly, the concentrated tertiary air pipes 2-3 are in one-to-one correspondence with the concentrated tertiary air nozzles 10, and the number and arrangement positions of the specific concentrated tertiary air nozzles 10 are determined according to the type number of the boiler. One boiler is provided with a plurality of cyclone separators 2, and the specific corresponding number is determined according to the model of the boiler.
The second embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment is further limited to the first embodiment, in which the concentrated tertiary air nozzle 10 is provided in one water wall 1 for a boiler, and the concentrated tertiary air nozzle 10 is provided near the uppermost primary air nozzle 9 and is located directly below the uppermost primary air nozzle 9.
And a third specific embodiment: the present embodiment is further limited to the first or second embodiment, in which the light tertiary air nozzle 7 is provided on one water wall 1 for a boiler, and the light tertiary air nozzle 7 is provided near the lowest layer of the over-fire air nozzle 8 and is located directly below the lowest layer of the over-fire air nozzle 8.
The specific embodiment IV is as follows: in the present embodiment, the inlet of the pulverized coal distributor 12 is connected to the tertiary air duct 15, the outlet of the pulverized coal distributor 12 is connected to the inlet of the communicating pipe 3 for the inlet of the separator, and the outlet of the communicating pipe 3 for the inlet of the separator is connected to the inlet at the top of the main cylinder 2-1, as described with reference to fig. 1. Other structure and connection relationships not mentioned are the same as those of the third embodiment.
Fifth embodiment: in this embodiment, the main cylinder 2-1 includes a first section forming cylinder 2-1-1 and a second section forming cylinder 2-1-2, the first section forming cylinder 2-1-1 and the second section forming cylinder 2-1-2 are fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom to form a whole, the first section forming cylinder 2-1-1 and the second section forming cylinder 2-1-2 are coaxially arranged, one end of the light tertiary air pipe 2-2, which is communicated with the main cylinder 2-1, passes through the second section forming cylinder 2-1-2 to be communicated with the bottom of the first section forming cylinder 2-1, and one end of the thick tertiary air pipe 2-3, which is communicated with the main cylinder 2-1, passes through the bottom of the second section forming cylinder 2-1-2 to be communicated with the second section forming cylinder 2-1-2. The structure and connection relation not mentioned in this embodiment are the same as those in the third embodiment.
Specific embodiment six: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 2, in which the separator inlet communication pipe 3 is disposed obliquely to one side of the cyclone separator 2, and the angle between the center axis of the separator inlet communication pipe 3 and the center axis of the cyclone separator 2 is α, which is 15 ° to 25 °.
In the embodiment, the lower air outlet of the communicating pipe 3 for the inlet of the separator is a chamfer air outlet, the inclination angle is 15-25 degrees, the inlet wind speed is 25-33m/s, and the system resistance to the cyclone separator 2 can be effectively reduced. The structure and connection relation not mentioned in this embodiment are the same as those in the first or fourth embodiment.
The invention takes the redundant exhaust gas under the air quantity of the primary air in the exhaust gas powder feeding boiler as the tertiary air, concentrates and grades the part of tertiary air, divides the part of tertiary air into thick tertiary air and thin tertiary air, and under the air quantity of the concentrated tertiary air, the powder quantity is more than one layer of secondary air to be sprayed into the hearth of the boiler from the main combustion area of the boiler, so that the tertiary air coal is intensively sprayed into the hearth and the air quantity is smaller, the influence of the tertiary air on the organized combustion of the main combustion area of the boiler is reduced, the stable combustion of the boiler and the reduction of ash flying combustible matters and large slag combustible matters at the tail part of the boiler are facilitated, the air quantity of the thin tertiary air is less, and the part of tertiary air is sprayed into the hearth through the thin air nozzle arranged under the tertiary air nozzle 8 at the lowest layer, namely the part of tertiary air is used as the over-fire air, so that the air quantity of the main combustion area of the boiler is reduced, the excessive air coefficient of the main combustion area can be effectively reduced, the coal is combusted in the relatively strong reducing atmosphere of the main combustion area, the deep grading combustion of air and the emission of nitrogen oxides at the tail part of the boiler is reduced.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
when the middle-bin type exhaust gas powder feeding boiler or the middle-bin type hot air powder feeding boiler is transformed into the exhaust gas powder feeding boiler, one exhaust gas from the powder making system enters the coal powder distributor 12 and is divided into two air flows in the coal powder distributor 12, and one exhaust gas which ensures the primary air quantity and the primary air speed carries coal powder through the exhaust gas pipe 13 and the primary air pipe 14 into a hearth through the primary air nozzle 9. The other surplus exhaust gas is used as tertiary air and enters the cyclone separator 2 through a chamfer angle outlet of the communicating pipe 3 for the separator inlet, the centrifugal effect of the tertiary air is enhanced under the action of the cyclone separator 2, a large amount of tertiary air is thrown to the inner wall surface of the main cylinder 2-1, so that the effective concentration and dilution of the tertiary air are separated, the concentrated tertiary air and the light tertiary air are respectively collected through the concentrated tertiary air pipe 2-3 and the light tertiary air pipe 2-2 which are respectively arranged at the tail part of the main cylinder 2-1, the collected tertiary air accounts for about 10-30% of the surplus exhaust gas air quantity, and the concentrated tertiary air with 80-90% of the powder quantity is sprayed into the hearth through the concentrated air nozzle 10, so that the pulverized coal of the tertiary air is intensively sprayed into the hearth, the air quantity is smaller, the influence of the tertiary air on the main combustion area tissue of the boiler is reduced, the stable combustion of the boiler is facilitated, and the ash flying combustible and the large slag combustible are reduced; and the other part of the tertiary air is about 70-90% of the redundant exhaust air quantity, and the light tertiary air nozzle 7 with 10-20% of the powder quantity is sprayed into the hearth to be used as over-fire air, so that the air quantity of a main combustion area of the boiler is reduced, the excess air coefficient of the main combustion area can be effectively reduced, the pulverized coal is combusted in a relatively strong reducing atmosphere in the main combustion area, the deep staged combustion of air is enhanced, and the emission of nitrogen oxides at the tail part of the boiler is reduced.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a exhaust gas send powder boiler combustion system with tertiary air separation which characterized in that: the device comprises a water cooling wall (1) for a boiler, a cyclone separator (2), a communicating pipe (3) for a separator inlet, a coal dust distributor (12), a ventilation pipe (13) and a primary air pipe (14);
the cyclone separator (2) comprises a main cylinder body (2-1), a light tertiary air pipe (2-2) and a thick tertiary air pipe (2-3), wherein the light tertiary air pipe (2-2) and the thick tertiary air pipe (2-3) are sequentially arranged between the water cooling wall (1) for the boiler and the main cylinder body (2-1) from top to bottom, a light tertiary air nozzle (7), a thick tertiary air nozzle (10), a plurality of over-fire air nozzles (8), a plurality of primary air nozzles (9) and a plurality of secondary air nozzles (11) are arranged on the water cooling wall (1) for the boiler, one end of the light tertiary air pipe (2-2) is communicated with the main cylinder body (2-1), the other end of the light tertiary air pipe (2-2) is communicated with the light tertiary air nozzle (7) on the water cooling wall (1) for the boiler, and one end of the thick tertiary air pipe (2-3) is communicated with the thick tertiary air nozzle (10) on the water cooling wall (1) for the boiler;
the top of the main cylinder body (2-1) is communicated with a coal dust distributor (12) through a communicating pipe (3) for the inlet of the separator, the coal dust distributor (12) is communicated with a primary air pipe (14) through a ventilation pipe (13), and the primary air pipe (14) is communicated with a primary air nozzle (9);
the inlet of the pulverized coal distributor (12) is communicated with a tertiary air pipe (15), the outlet of the pulverized coal distributor (12) is communicated with the inlet of the communicating pipe (3) for the inlet of the separator, and the outlet of the communicating pipe (3) for the inlet of the separator is communicated with the inlet at the top of the main cylinder (2-1);
the main cylinder body (2-1) comprises a first section of component cylinder (2-1-1) and a second section of component cylinder (2-1-2), the first section of component cylinder (2-1-1) and the second section of component cylinder (2-1-2) are fixedly communicated into a whole from top to bottom in sequence, the first section of component cylinder (2-1-1) and the second section of component cylinder (2-1-2) are coaxially arranged, one end of the light tertiary air pipe (2-2) communicated with the main cylinder body (2-1) penetrates through the second section of component cylinder (2-1-2) to be communicated with the bottom of the first section of component cylinder (2-1-1), and one end of the thick tertiary air pipe (2-3) communicated with the main cylinder body (2-1) penetrates through the bottom of the second section of component cylinder (2-1-2) to be communicated with the second section of component cylinder (2-1-2);
the communicating pipe (3) for the inlet of the separator is obliquely arranged at one side of the cyclone separator (2), the included angle between the central axis of the communicating pipe (3) for the inlet of the separator and the central axis of the cyclone separator (2) is alpha, and the value range of the included angle alpha is 15-25 degrees;
the exhaust gas enters the pulverized coal distributor (12) and is divided into two air flows in the pulverized coal distributor (12), and one exhaust gas which ensures the air quantity and the air speed of the primary air is carried into a hearth through a primary air nozzle (9) by the exhaust gas pipe (13) and the primary air pipe (14); the other surplus exhaust gas is used as tertiary air to enter the cyclone separator (2) through the inclined tangential outlet of the communicating pipe (3) for the inlet of the separator to carry out the concentration separation.
2. The exhaust pulverized coal-fed boiler combustion system with tertiary air separation as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the concentrated tertiary air nozzle (10) is arranged on the water cooling wall (1) for the boiler, and the concentrated tertiary air nozzle (10) is close to the uppermost layer primary air nozzle (9) and is positioned right below the uppermost layer primary air nozzle (9).
3. A exhaust gas pulverized coal-fed boiler combustion system with tertiary air separation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the light tertiary air nozzle (7) is arranged on the water-cooled wall (1) for the boiler, and the light tertiary air nozzle (7) is close to the lowest layer of the over-fire air nozzle (8) and is positioned right below the lowest layer of the over-fire air nozzle (8).
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| CN201611102049.3A CN106765273B (en) | 2016-12-02 | 2016-12-02 | Exhaust gas powder feeding boiler combustion system with tertiary air separation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611102049.3A CN106765273B (en) | 2016-12-02 | 2016-12-02 | Exhaust gas powder feeding boiler combustion system with tertiary air separation |
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| CN106765273B true CN106765273B (en) | 2023-09-22 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107806631A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-03-16 | 无锡华光锅炉股份有限公司 | Boiler tertiary air arrangement |
| CN108240618A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-07-03 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | A kind of tertiary air air-coal separating burner |
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2016
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| JPH06313509A (en) * | 1993-04-28 | 1994-11-08 | Hitachi Ltd | Pulverized coal firing equipment |
| CN1587800A (en) * | 2004-07-15 | 2005-03-02 | 浙江大学 | Method and system for reducing NO discharging by collecting and refiring fine coal powder in tertiary wind |
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