CN106763791B - A kind of seal clearance control method of non-contact mechanical seal - Google Patents
A kind of seal clearance control method of non-contact mechanical seal Download PDFInfo
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- CN106763791B CN106763791B CN201611156670.8A CN201611156670A CN106763791B CN 106763791 B CN106763791 B CN 106763791B CN 201611156670 A CN201611156670 A CN 201611156670A CN 106763791 B CN106763791 B CN 106763791B
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- ring
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- seal clearance
- mechanical seal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
- F16J15/3436—Pressing means
- F16J15/3444—Pressing means by magnetic attraction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
The seal clearance control system and control method of a kind of non-contact mechanical seal, including：Torque rotary speed sensor in shaft, the displacement sensor on step on the outside of stationary ring, the coil being wrapped on stationary ring and control circuit；The control circuit is connected with the torque rotary speed sensor, institute's displacement sensors, the coil respectively；The torque rotary speed sensor is used for the rotating speed for detecting mechanical seal；Institute's displacement sensors are used to detect the distance between stationary ring and rotating ring；For the control circuit according to the distance between the rotating speed, rotating ring and stationary ring of mechanical seal shaft, the size and Orientation of control coil electric current, realizes the repulsion or suction between adjustment rotating ring and stationary ring.The present invention makes the opening force of the dynamic and static ring of non-contact mechanical seal or closing force obtains magnetic compensation, effectively avoids or reduces influence of the unfavorable factor to sealing running quality, the advantage of zero leakage non-contact mechanical seal is not fully exerted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of seal clearance control method of the non-contact mechanical seal of magnetic force control, can realize close
The controllability of gap size is sealed, to ensure seal face stabilized fluid lubrication and zero leakage performance.
Background technology
It is higher and higher to the performance requirement of mechanical seal with the development of industrial technology, in some high pressures, high speed, high temperature
Etc. under operating mode, the particularly field such as some aerospaces, nuclear power station, petrochemical industry, it is desirable to which zero leakage, deformation are realized in mechanical seal
Small, long lifespan.In addition, higher and higher energy conservation and environmental protection target call, also so that improve mechanical seal stability and the service life into
For the problem that mechanical seal manufacturing field is deeply concerned and payes attention to.
In order to realize the zero leakage of mechanical seal and prolonged mechanical sealing service life, current research is mainly by close
The surface micro-moulding and combination sealing in end-blocking face realize " non-contact " and " zero leakage ", and achieve certain effect.It is Chinese special
Sharp CN101701585A, CN2534428Y, CN103527792B etc. disclose the upstream pumping mechanical seal ring of different structure, its
Pumpability and dynamic pressure effect, can reduce leakage rate, reduce the degree of wear, extend the service life of sealing pair；United States Patent (USP)
US2015345641A1 discloses a kind of combination groove profile mechanical seal, can effectively reduce end-face friction, increase lubricating end surface is simultaneously
Promote end face cooling.But above patent does not all solve problems with very well：Moment when mechanical seal is started shooting opens energy
Wear problem when power, parking, and the non-contacting precondition in end face is kept in operational process --- have certain thickness
Stabilized fluid film problem.
Anqing Petrochemical Company is summarized for fortune company Zhou Yongsheng《Magnetic mechanical seal design method and there are the problem of》(machinery
The 5th phase of volume 31 in 2004), it is believed that the diameter of axle is big, axial space is short, sealed medium pressure is low, the sealing of this low kind equipment of rotating speed
Problem, can select magnetic force contacting mechanical seal.Magnetic force contacting mechanical seal is to produce enough draw using magnetic fields
Power, makes compensation ring, uncompensated ring friction fit face not to be separated because of reasons such as bounces；Deformed using rubber seal,
Sufficiently large torque is produced between axis and compensated ring adaptor with balanced seal face moment of friction, it is ensured that compensated ring component and axis it is same
Step rotates.Identical with common contact-type mechanical seal, the friction pair of magnetic mechanical seal is integral loop, therefore, its working status
Stablize, dielectric leakage amount is few, service life length.But this magnetic field gravitation simply plays replacement seal closing force or further increase
The effect of closing force, the excessive closing force that increases will also increase face pressure, unstable wear；In addition, if due to installing, beating
Reason, opens seal face, and the distance at this moment compensating ring and uncompensated ring increases, and magnetic field gravitation will weaken rapidly, if do not had
There is the intervention of external force, the effect of the sealing ring resistance of motion may cause seal face not to be bonded again.Chinese patent
CN202971937U, CN101392837A, CN2101141U disclose the contact magnetic mechanical sealing device of different structure, its
Feature is to keep end face fitting using magnetic force, simple in structure, enhances sealing reliability；Chinese patent CN2497116Y is disclosed
A kind of improved contact magnetic sealing device, can make sealing surface that there is more preferable freedom from vibration, impact resistance and sealing to follow
Property；Chinese patent CN203500461U discloses one kind and presses closer positioning contact magnetic mechanical seal part, replaces equivalent magnetic field power
For the unstable elastic force of mechanical seal spring, so as to extend the service life of seal member.It was found from above patent, they
All there are the problem of sealing force is limited, end wear is serious, frictional heating amount is big, short life.Korean Patent KR20160079568
A kind of magnetic fluid mechanically-sealing apparatus is disclosed, the magnetic force produced using circle distribution permanent magnet on axis is controlled magnetic fluid
And reach sealing purpose, but magnetic fluid is easily by medium, it is impossible to and the seal pressure that forms stabilized seal face and can bear is limited；
United States Patent (USP) US5267007 discloses a kind of magnetic sealing device for being used to prevent that axial end from leaking, and is produced using ferromagnetic material
Magnetic-adsorption magnetic-particle, prevent leakage, but magnetic force can weaken with the increase of adsorption particle, easily cause leakage；The U.S. is special
Sharp US8474826B2, US2006244221A1 disclose a kind of magnetic mechanical seal of end face moulding, and magnetic force simply plays sealing
The effect of closing force, groove profile is opened up in end face, is formed fluid film using the dynamic pressure effect of groove, is reached the mesh for reducing end face abrasion
, but fluid film easy unstability under vibration or variable working condition, easily cause leakage or abrasion.
In conclusion moment when existing end face moulding non-contact mechanical seal not can solve start opens
Wear problem when ability and parking, and seal clearance fluid stability deficiency；And magnetic force contacting mechanical seal, in installation not
Accurately, under the reason such as vibration, it is unable to control the floating compensation of end face.As it can be seen that these sealings proposed in the prior art both at home and abroad
Leakage, abrasion and stability problem are not can effectively solve the problem that, sealing performance fails to reach preferable state.
The content of the invention
The reason for causing above-mentioned seal defect is a lack of the controlling mechanism of magnetic compensation effect, and the present invention is asked for this
Topic, by a magnetic force control system, achievees the purpose that to control non-contacting mechanical seal end clearance size, while can solve
Moment opening force during start and wear problem during parking, it is ensured that the stable operation of non-contacting mechanical seal.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
(dynamic pressure groove is opened up in rotating ring end face, its groove profile can be spiral line type, circular arc line in non-contact mechanical seal
Type, bias type, T fonts, chevron shaped etc., groove depth are 5~10 μm, and slot number is 6~20) on the basis of, rotating ring, stationary ring use magnetic
Property wear-resistant material make；Torque speed sensor is installed in shaft, the rotating speed of acquisition is converted into electric signal input switch dress
Put, to reach the control of starting up's circuit, shut down and close circuit control；Wind on stationary ring circumferential surface and wrapped up through waterproof material
Coil, and be fixed on stationary ring, meanwhile, optical fibre displacement sensor is being installed on step on the outside of stationary ring, for measuring rotating ring
Axial displacement is simultaneously converted into electric signal and passes to control circuit, and control circuit can be logical according to the strong and weak adjustment of sensor electric signal
Size of current and the direction of coil are crossed, so as to achieve the purpose that to control seal clearance size at any time, makes non-contact mechanical seal
Performance reach more satisfactory state.
Specifically control principle is：Under the effect of the electromagnetic induction of stationary ring coil, rotating ring is magnetized, and produces fixed magnetic pole；
Divide following several situations：
Before sealing ring starts running, coil, which is powered, to be made in the case that rotating ring magnetizes and to form fixed magnetic pole, and sealing ring starts
While operating, rotating speed is measured by torque speed sensor, is converted into electric signal input switch device, automatically turns on coil current
Control circuit system, at this time because seal clearance is less than 1.5 μm, control coil sense of current makes dynamic and static ring produce repulsion, accelerates
The formation in gap, reduces end-face friction, improves and opens performance.
Start running in sealing ring to during the entire process of shutting down, the position measured in real time according to optical fibre displacement sensor
Move high low signal, change the size and Orientation of coil current by control circuit so that dynamic and static ring produce suction or repulsion with
Closing force or the deficiency of opening force are compensated, can be set as normal seal clearance size by 1.5~5.5 μm, in normal seal clearance
In the range of coil current control circuit system be automatically stopped work, sealing is in nature operating status；When seal clearance is less than 1.5
μm when, the direction of coil current will make dynamic and static ring produce repulsive force, and the reduction to seal clearance plays interception；When between sealing
When gap is more than 5.5 μm, the direction of coil current will make dynamic and static ring produce attraction, prevent the increase of seal clearance；It is rotating ring, quiet
Ring produces suction or the size of repulsion and can be realized by varying the size of coil current.
When sealing ring slows down, seal clearance is down to 1.5 μm, produce repulsion again by dynamic and static ring and reduce end face and rub
Wipe, improve and shut down performance.
When sealing ring stops operating, rotating speed is measured by torque speed sensor, is converted into electric signal input switch device,
Coil current control circuit system is automatically closed, makes dynamic and static ring repulsion disappearance and closing seam.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
(1) opening force of the dynamic and static ring of non-contact mechanical seal is made by the control of the direction of the winding current and size or closed
Make a concerted effort to obtain magnetic compensation, effectively avoid or reduce influence of the unfavorable factor to sealing running quality, seal clearance control is existed
More satisfactory state, can make the advantage of zero leakage non-contact mechanical seal be not fully exerted.
(2) by the control of the dynamic and static czermak space of non-contact mechanical seal, can be greatly decreased sealing open, shutdown phase
End wear, is effectively improved out, shuts down performance, sealing life is significantly extended.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the rotating ring end structure illustration of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the dynamic and static ring assembling schematic diagram and stationary ring coil control circuit schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the sealing principle schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the systematic schematic diagram that circuit controller control fluid gap is stablized.
Description of symbols：1-torque speed sensor；2-control circuit；3-gland；4-stop pin；5-stationary ring O shapes
Circle；6-stationary ring；7-coil；8-displacement sensor；9-rotating ring；10-rotating ring O-ring；11-trundle；12-throw-out collar；
13-spring；14-spring base；15-holding screw；16-transmission screw.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, it is paired cylindric wear part the present invention relates to mechanical seal, wherein rotating ring is resistance to using Hard Magnetic
Mill material, stationary ring use soft magnetism wear-resistant material.Opened up on rotating ring end face along the symmetrical pumping helicla flute of pivot, groove
It is 5~10 μm deep, slot number 6~20；End face micro forming can use the processing of the techniques such as electric spark, electrochemical corrosion, Laser Processing.
As shown in Fig. 2, system and the assembling schematic diagram of mechanical seal in order to control.Wound around coil on stationary ring 6, the work of rotating ring 9
Make the opposite face that face is dynamic and static ring, shape is annular shape, there is a laminar flow body space h between rotating ring and stationary ring, is dynamic by what is opened up
What die mould groove produced.
As shown in figure 3, the operation principle for sealing ring.Rotating ring by trundle 11, throw-out collar 12, spring 13, spring base 14,
Holding screw 15, transmission screw 16 are fixed on axis, are rotated together with axis, stationary ring is fixed on shell by stop pin 4.Operation
When, rotating ring rotation, when rotating speed reaches a certain range, groove produces obvious dynamic pressure effect, and one layer is produced between rotating ring and stationary ring
Fluid gap film.
Torque speed sensor 1 is installed in shaft, rotating speed will be obtained and be converted into electric signal input torque relay switch
Circuit, to reach the control of starting up's circuit, shuts down and closes circuit control；Winding is through waterproof material bag on stationary ring circumferential surface
The coil 7 wrapped up in, and be fixed on stationary ring 6, increase length of bench on the outside of stationary ring in design, it is convenient that optical fibre displacement sensor is installed
8, and it is met sensor measuring range, optical fibre displacement sensor 8 is used for measuring the axial displacement of rotating ring and is converted into electricity
Signal passes to control circuit 2, control circuit can according to the strong and weak adjustment of sensor electric signal by the size of current of coil and
Direction, so as to achieve the purpose that to control seal clearance size at any time, makes the performance of non-contact mechanical seal reach more satisfactory
State.
It is illustrated in figure 4 control principle schematic diagram of the present invention.The implication of signal is described as follows first：
n：Shaft rotating speed；
d：By measuring shaft rotating speed, the electric signal of torque speed sensor output；
r+：Fluid film thickness digital signal input value during stable operation；
e：The signal exported by comparing summation algorithm, is usually the algebraical sum of two signals；
I：The electric current that circuit is inputted to coil；
I’：In rotating ring displacement process, the electric current of stationary ring coil cutting magnetic induction line generation；
B：The magnetic field intensity that stationary ring coil produces；
S：The offset distance of rotating ring；
b：By measuring rotating ring displacement, the electric signal of optical fibre displacement sensor output；
b-：The Displacement Feedback circuit digital signal of summation algorithm is compared in input；
CP：Compare summation operation algorithm；
Specific control process：Under the effect of the electromagnetic induction of stationary ring coil, rotating ring 9 is magnetized, and produces fixed magnetic pole；Point
For following several situations：1. before sealing ring start, coil, which is powered, to be made in the case that rotating ring magnetizes and to form fixed magnetic pole, sealing ring
While start operating, rotating speed is measured by torque speed sensor 1, is converted into electric signal input torque relay switching circuit,
Coil current control circuit 2 is automatically turned on, at this time because seal clearance is less than 1.5 μm, the direction of coil current will produce dynamic and static ring
Raw repulsion, accelerates the formation in gap, reduces end-face friction, improves and opens performance.2. shut down deceleration, seal clearance drop in sealing ring
During to 1.5 μm, produce repulsion again by control rotating ring, stationary ring and reduce end-face friction, improve and shut down performance.3. in sealing ring
When stopping operating, it is 0 to measure rotating speed by torque speed sensor 1, is converted into electric signal input switch device, coil is automatically closed
Current control circuit system, makes rotating ring, stationary ring repulsion disappears and closing seam.4. in sealing start to the whole process shut down
In, the displacement signal that is measured in real time according to 8 device of method using in optic fiber displacement sensor, passes through amplification, A/D conversion, correction, Regulate signal matter
Measure and be converted into digital signal, by PLC controller, displacement signal is converted into corresponding current signal, then can by thyristor
Control the size and Orientation that fairing changes coil current, so as to change magnetic field, make rotating ring 9, stationary ring 6 produce suction or repulsion with
Compensate closing force or the deficiency of opening force.The present invention is set as normal seal clearance size by 1.5~5.5 μm, specifically by r+
3.5 μm are set to, s is fed back to ± 2 μm.Coil current control circuit system is automatically stopped work in the range of normal seal clearance,
Sealing is in nature operating status；When seal clearance is less than 1.5 μm (s is less than -2 μm), control coil sense of current, makes
Rotating ring 9, stationary ring 6 produce repulsive force, and the reduction to seal clearance plays interception；When seal clearance is more than 5.5 μm, (s is big
In 2 μm), control coil sense of current, makes rotating ring, stationary ring produce attraction, prevents the increase of seal clearance；Wherein, rotating ring,
Stationary ring produces suction or the size of repulsion and can be realized by varying the size of coil current.
The above, only enumerating to the way of realization of present inventive concept, not makees the present invention any type of
Limitation, protection scope of the present invention conceive the thinkable equivalent technologies mean of institute according to the present invention including those skilled in the art,
It is all to make change, modification and differentiation of any equivalent variations etc. to above example according to the present invention, belong to the guarantor of the present invention
Protect scope.
Claims (2)
- A kind of 1. seal clearance control method of non-contact mechanical seal, it is characterised in thatBefore sealing ring starts running, coil, which is powered, makes rotating ring magnetize to form fixed magnetic pole, while sealing ring starts running, by Torque speed sensor measures rotating speed, and rotating speed is converted into electric signal input torque relay switching circuit, automatically turns on coil Current control circuit system；Seal clearance is less than 1.5 μm at this time, and control coil sense of current makes dynamic and static ring produce repulsion, adds The formation in fast gap；Start running in sealing ring to during the entire process of shutting down, the displacement that PLC is measured in real time according to displacement sensor is believed Number, by controlling silicon con trolled rectifier circuit, the size and Orientation for changing coil current is realized, so that rotating ring, stationary ring produce Raw suction or repulsion are to compensate the deficiency of closing force or opening force, the coil current control circuit system in the range of normal seal clearance System is automatically stopped work, and sealing is in nature operating status；When seal clearance is less than lower limit, control coil sense of current makes Rotating ring, stationary ring produce repulsive force, and the reduction to seal clearance plays interception；When seal clearance is more than the upper limit, control coil Sense of current makes rotating ring, stationary ring produce attraction, prevents the increase of seal clearance；When sealing ring slows down, seal clearance is down to lower limit, end-face friction is reduced by controlling rotating ring, stationary ring to produce repulsion, Improve and shut down performance；When sealing ring stops operating, it is 0 to measure rotating speed by torque speed sensor, input torque relay switching circuit, from It is dynamic to close coil current control circuit system, make rotating ring, stationary ring repulsion disappears and closing seam.
- A kind of 2. seal clearance control method of non-contact mechanical seal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute State normal seal clearance scope and be set to 1.5~5.5 μm.
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| CN201611156670.8A CN106763791B (en) | 2016-12-15 | 2016-12-15 | A kind of seal clearance control method of non-contact mechanical seal |
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| CN201611156670.8A CN106763791B (en) | 2016-12-15 | 2016-12-15 | A kind of seal clearance control method of non-contact mechanical seal |
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| CN106763791B true CN106763791B (en) | 2018-04-24 |
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