CN106763344B - A kind of low power consumption permanent magnet brake based on force compensating in spring - Google Patents

A kind of low power consumption permanent magnet brake based on force compensating in spring Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106763344B
CN106763344B CN201710193201.1A CN201710193201A CN106763344B CN 106763344 B CN106763344 B CN 106763344B CN 201710193201 A CN201710193201 A CN 201710193201A CN 106763344 B CN106763344 B CN 106763344B
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China
Prior art keywords
spring
hole
brake
permanent magnet
friction block
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CN201710193201.1A
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CN106763344A (en
Inventor
樊继壮
刘玉斌
李长乐
赵杰
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00Parts or details
    • F16D65/14Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/18Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2121/20Electric or magnetic using electromagnets

Abstract

The invention proposes a kind of low power consumption permanent magnet brakes based on force compensating in spring, in brake inside, multiple groups linear compression spring is set, the compression elasticity generated when using its work, play the role of interior force compensating, make movement mechanism that brake needed to disengage, when movement mechanism can be with free movement, the internal compensation power provided by multiple groups linear compression spring, the disengagement drive system of brake only needs lesser driving force, can control brake rubbing surface and movement mechanism motion parts disengage, solve the problems, such as that traditional permanent magnet brake needs to apply it relatively large driving force when control realizes that friction plate disengages movement mechanism, reduce the driving energy consumption and calorific value of brake.

Description

A kind of low power consumption permanent magnet brake based on force compensating in spring
Technical field
The invention belongs to gear brake technical field, in particular to a kind of low power consumption permanent magnet based on force compensating in spring Brake.
Background technique
Brake apparatus in the mechanism of two relative motions for playing the role of deceleration and preventing mechanism relative motion.System Dynamic device can provide breaking force when needing to realize the relative static conditions between movement mechanism, and need to realize movement When inter-agency opposite free state, brake apparatus can discharge, and two movement mechanisms is made to be free to move.
With being constantly progressive for gear brake designing technique, stablize, reliable, low-power consumption brake apparatus increasingly becomes The target that researcher pursues.Traditional movement mechanism braking technology all uses friction catch principle, electromagnetism ferreous using permanent magnetism Power or spring pressure make pressing between brake and movement mechanism generate frictional force, reach braking action.In releasing braking device When, it is generally used electromagnetic principle, is powered to brake apparatus internal electro-solenoid, is generated reversed electromagnetic force, permanent magnet is overcome to inhale The pressure of attached power or spring is detached from brake apparatus and movement mechanism, to make mechanism can be with free movement.
In order to guarantee that the mechanism of two relative motions be free to move, brake apparatus needs work in stable disengaging Release conditions not only need biggish driving current to realize the disengaging of brake apparatus, but also need persistently after being detached to brake Coil be powered, increase the power consumption and calorific value of stopper mechanism.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology with it is insufficient, provide it is a kind of based in spring force compensating it is low It is big to solve energy consumption when traditional magneto, the energization of electromagnetic type electricity loss brake are detached from the prior art for power consumption permanent magnet brake The problem of.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of low power consumption permanent magnet braking based on force compensating in spring Device, the permanent magnet brake include the electromagnet 6, four of absorbing unit 10, two coefficient of elasticity Hookean spring 13 not etc. and rub Cleaning block 9;The permanent magnet brake further includes the bullet of tension spring 11, four of guide post 5, two of linear bearing 8, two of mounting plate 4, two 12, two electromagnet installation sunk screws 7 of spring pull rod and two brake mounting screws 14;The mounting plate 4 passes through two Brake mounting screw 14 is connected and fixed on external static mechanism 1;Described two electromagnet 6 are heavy by two electromagnet installations Head screw 7 is fixed on mounting plate 4;Described two guide posts 5 are fixed on mounting plate 4 by threaded connection, two linear bearings 8 Inner ring is cooperatively connected with two guide posts 5 respectively;The friction block 9 is cooperatively connected by through-hole and two linear bearings 8;It is described Four spring pull rods 12 are connected to mounting plate by spring pull rod 12 for installing two tension springs 11 of connection, described two tension springs 11 Between 4 and friction block 9;The one end for the Hookean spring 13 that four coefficient of elasticity do not wait is cooperated by blind hole 9-6 and friction block 9 Connection, the other end are connected by spring stack 10-9 with absorbing unit 10;The absorbing unit 10 passes through through-hole and 9 phase of friction block Even.
Further, the absorbing unit 10 includes permanent magnet ring 10-1, iron core 10-3, bobbin 10-4, copper coil 10- 5, magnetic yoke 10-6, two power-assisted Attraction block 10-7, four spring stack 10-9, two power-assisted Attraction blocks install nut 10-8 and four A spring stack retaining ring 10-2;It is cased with permanent magnet ring 10-1 on the iron core 10-3, has bobbin in permanent magnet ring 10-1 outer cover 10-4, copper coil 10-5 are wrapped on bobbin 10-4;The iron core 10-3 passes through the centre of the upper end screw thread and magnetic yoke 10-6 Threaded hole connection;Described two power-assisted Attraction block 10-7 install nut 10-8 by two power-assisted Attraction blocks and are fixed on magnetic yoke 10-6 Two sides;Four spring stack 10-9 are fixed on four angles of magnetic yoke 10-6 by four spring stack retaining ring 10-2.
Further, 5 through-holes are shared on the friction block 9, i.e. one 9-1 of through-hole, two 9-2 of through-hole, three 9-3 of through-hole, lead to Four 9-4 of hole and through-hole five 9-5,4 blind hole 9-6, wherein one 9-1 of through-hole and two 9-2 of through-hole match with two linear bearings 8 respectively Close connection;A Hookean spring is all placed in 4 blind hole 9-6 of the friction block 9;The absorbing unit 10 passes through friction block 9 Intermediate five 9-5 of through-hole.
Further, four spring pull rods 12 pass through for installing two tension springs 11 of connection, described two tension springs 11 Spring pull rod 12 is connected between mounting plate 4 and friction block 9 specifically: the both ends of each tension spring 11 are separately connected 2 springs and draw Bar 12, wherein the spring pull rod 12 that one end of each tension spring 11 connects is mounted on mounting plate 4, the spring pull rod of other end connection 12 are mounted in four 9-4 of three 9-3 of through-hole and through-hole at 9 both ends of friction block.
The present invention has the characteristics that adsorption to magnetic conductivity object using ferromagnetic material, need to movement mechanism into When row braking, fit closely the friction plate of brake with movement mechanism using permanent magnetic suck power, binding face is in mechanism kinematic Frictional resistance moment can be generated, to prevent the movement of mechanism, plays the role of braking;Released movement mechanism is being needed to allow to When free movement, the friction plate that can control brake is separately detached from movement mechanism, so that movement mechanism be made to be free to Braking release is played the role of in movement.It is in place of feature of the present invention, multiple groups linear compression spring is set in brake inside, The compression elasticity generated when using its work, plays the role of interior force compensating, makes movement mechanism that brake needed to disengage (braking Device is not braked movement mechanism), when movement mechanism can be with free movement, by the inside of multiple groups linear compression spring offer The disengagement drive system of balancing force, brake only needs lesser driving force, can control brake rubbing surface and fitness machine The motion parts of structure disengage, and solve traditional permanent magnet brake and need to apply it when control realizes that friction plate disengages movement mechanism The problem of adding relatively large driving force, reduces the driving energy consumption and calorific value of brake.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is scheme of installation of the brake between two relative movement mechanisms;
Fig. 2 is brake inside each section active force-distance change curve;
Fig. 3 is the explosive view of brake;
Fig. 4 is the mechanism assembled view of brake;
Fig. 5 is absorbing unit explosive view;
Fig. 6 is the mechanism assembled view of absorbing unit.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention that following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention carries out clear, complete Ground description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this Embodiment in invention, every other reality obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts Example is applied, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is scheme of installation of the brake between two relative movement mechanisms, and brake 2 is mounted on outside Static mechanism 1 and rotating mechanism 3 between.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 3-Fig. 6, the present invention provides a kind of low power consumption permanent magnet brake based on force compensating in spring, described Permanent magnet brake includes absorbing unit 10, the bullet of guide post 5, four of linear bearing 8, two of electromagnet 6, two of mounting plate 4, two 9, two the equal tension spring 11, four of Hookean spring 13, two spring pull rod 12, friction block electromagnet do not install countersunk head spiral shell to property coefficient Nail 7 and two brake mounting screws 14;The mounting plate 4 is connected and fixed on outside by two brake mounting screws 14 Static mechanism 1 on, fixed installation foundation is provided for entire brake apparatus;Described two electromagnet 6 are pacified by two electromagnet Dress sunk screw 7 is fixed on mounting plate 4, by controlling the energization and power-off of electromagnet, changes its work to absorbing unit 10 Firmly;Described two guide posts 5 are fixed on mounting plate 4 by threaded connection, and two 8 inner rings of linear bearing are oriented to two respectively Column 5 is cooperatively connected;The friction block 9 is cooperatively connected by through-hole and two linear bearings 8;Four spring pull rods 12 are used for Installation two tension springs 11 of connection, described two tension springs 11 are connected between mounting plate 4 and friction block 9 by spring pull rod 12, right Friction block 9 provides pulling force;Matched by blind hole 9-6 with friction block 9 one end for the Hookean spring 13 that four coefficient of elasticity do not wait Connection is closed, the other end is connected by spring stack 10-9 with absorbing unit 10, is applied thrust to friction block 9 and absorbing unit 10 and is made With;The absorbing unit 10 is connected by through-hole with friction block 9.
The absorbing unit 10 includes permanent magnet ring 10-1, iron core 10-3, bobbin 10-4, copper coil 10-5, magnetic yoke 10- 6, two power-assisted Attraction block 10-7, four spring stack 10-9, two power-assisted Attraction block installation nut 10-8 and four spring stacks Retaining ring 10-2;It is cased with permanent magnet ring 10-1 on the iron core 10-3, has bobbin 10-4, copper wire in permanent magnet ring 10-1 outer cover Circle 10-5 is wrapped on bobbin 10-4;The iron core 10-3 is connected by the neutral threaded hole of the upper end screw thread and magnetic yoke 10-6 It connects;Described two power-assisted Attraction block 10-7 install the two sides that nut 10-8 is fixed on magnetic yoke 10-6 by two power-assisted Attraction blocks, By the energization and power-off that control electromagnet 6, thus it is possible to vary to the active force of power-assisted Attraction block 10-7, so that control is applied to suction Active force in coupon member 10;Four spring stack 10-9 are fixed on the four of magnetic yoke 10-6 by four spring stack retaining ring 10-2 On a angle, spring stack 10-9 is produced between friction block 9 and absorbing unit 4 for connecting Hookean spring 13 convenient for Hookean spring 13 Raw elastic thrust;4 both ends of mounting plate connect two electromagnet 6, the power-assisted Attraction block 10-7 of 6 bottom of electromagnet and absorbing unit 10 Between have gap.
Share 5 through-holes on the friction block 9, i.e. one 9-1 of through-hole, two 9-2 of through-hole, three 9-3 of through-hole, four 9-4 of through-hole and Through-hole five 9-5,4 blind hole 9-6, wherein one 9-1 of through-hole and two 9-2 of through-hole is cooperatively connected with two linear bearings 8 respectively, makes Friction block 9 can the opposite up and down motion of mounting plate 4 under the guiding of linear bearing 8;It is all put in 4 blind hole 9-6 of the friction block 9 Set a Hookean spring;The absorbing unit 10 passes through five 9-5 of through-hole among friction block 9.
Four spring pull rods 12 pass through spring pull rod 12 for installing two tension springs 11 of connection, described two tension springs 11 It is connected between mounting plate 4 and friction block 9 specifically: the both ends of each tension spring 11 are separately connected 2 spring pull rods 12, wherein often The spring pull rod 12 of one end connection of a tension spring 11 is mounted on mounting plate 4, and the spring pull rod 12 of other end connection, which is mounted on, to rub In four 9-4 of three 9-3 of through-hole and through-hole at 9 both ends of cleaning block.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, brake apparatus by with operating friction face be attracted to operating friction emaciated face from the course of work such as It is described below:
Assuming that the adsorption capacity between permanent magnet permanent magnet ring 10-1 and operating friction face is Fm, four linear compression springs 13 Compressing force be Fp, in four linear compression springs, distance is contacted not using two different coefficient of elasticity, and by spring With composition piecewise linearity spring system, F is designedmAnd FpPower and distance Curve relationship it is as shown in Figure 2.Spring force-F in Fig. 2pIt is bent Line is practical FpForce curve is about the symmetrical curve of X-axis.Copper coil 10-5 and two electromagnet 6 produce absorbing unit 10 when being powered Raw electromagnetic force is Fd, the pulling force of two tension springs is Fl
When needing brake apparatus to brake rotating mechanism 3, when preventing rotating mechanism from rotating freely, to copper coil 10-5 and two A 6 no power of electromagnet, absorbing unit 10 is then by direction towards the adsorption capacity F of rotating mechanismmWith with FmContrary spring Pressure Fp, design Fm>Fp, then absorbing unit 10 is attracted with the rubbing surface of rotating mechanism under the magnetic force.Meanwhile friction block 9 By spring pressure FpEffect, make friction block 9 rubbing surface and rotating mechanism 3 rubbing surface press.That is 10 He of absorbing unit Friction block 9 is fitted in jointly on the rubbing surface of rotating mechanism 3, and active force is approximately Fm.By upper analysis, spring pressure FpIt is internal force, Entire brake 2 externally be will not influence to the adsorption capacity size in operating friction face, brake is externally approximated as permanent magnet ring Adsorption capacity size between 3 rubbing surface of 10-1 and rotating mechanism, this ensure that brake 2 provides 3 rubbing surface of rotating mechanism Biggish adhesive force, while coefficient of friction with higher between 3 rubbing surface of friction block 9 and rotating mechanism is designed, to guarantee have The braking moment of effect.
When needing brake 2 to discharge rotating mechanism 3, when rotating freely rotating mechanism 3, i.e., absorbing unit 10 and rub Cleaning block 9 is detached from the rubbing surface of rotating mechanism 3, is powered to copper coil 10-5 and two electromagnet 6, the active force that electromagnet generates Fd, direction and FmIt is contrary.Since resultant force of the absorbing unit 10 suffered by brake inside is Fm-FpAs long as that is, to electromagnetism Iron 6 and copper coil 10-5 lead to a small amount of electric current, make Fp+Fd>Fm, absorbing unit 10 will be detached from the rubbing surface of rotating mechanism 3. During absorbing unit 10 is detached from operating friction face, permanent magnetic FmWith spring pressure FpIt will reduce, design absorbing unit 10 Distance increases to the F made at this time between rotating mechanism 3l>Fm, thus under the action of two tension spring 11, the friction block of brake 2 Also it is detached from 3 rubbing surface of rotating mechanism, to complete the release process of entire brake apparatus.
After disconnecting the power supply to electromagnet 6 and copper coil 10-5, braking of the brake 2 by repetition to rotating mechanism 3 Journey.
It can be seen that realizing brake 2 and when stablizing disengaging of 3 rubbing surface of rotating mechanism, by internal compensation spring 13 effect, it is only necessary to relatively small number of electric current is passed through to electromagnet 6 and copper coil 10-5, overcome traditional magneto, electromagnetism Energy consumption and the larger disadvantage of calorific value, have effectively saved the energy of braking system when formula brake apparatus keeps stablizing disengaged position Consumption.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1. brake apparatus generates larger braking action by permanent magnet adsorption capacity when power loss, reliable and stable.
2. designing using spring pressure inner equilibrium method, only need to input small electric when controlling brake apparatus released movement mechanism Stream can be effectively saved system energy consumption and reduce calorific value.
Above to a kind of low power consumption permanent magnet brake based on force compensating in spring provided by the present invention, carry out in detail It introduces, used herein a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention, the explanation of above embodiments It is merely used to help understand method and its core concept of the invention;At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to this The thought of invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range, in conclusion the content of the present specification is not answered It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of low power consumption permanent magnet brake based on force compensating in spring, the permanent magnet brake include absorbing unit (10), The Hookean spring (13) and friction block (9) of two electromagnet (6), four coefficient of elasticity not etc.;It is characterized by: the permanent magnetism system Dynamic device further includes mounting plate (4), two linear bearings (8), two guide posts (5), two tension springs (11), four spring pull rods (12), two electromagnet installations sunk screw (7) and two brake mounting screws (14);The mounting plate (4) passes through two A brake mounting screw (14) is connected and fixed on external static mechanism (1);Described two electromagnet (6) are by two electromagnetism Iron installation sunk screw (7) is fixed on mounting plate (4);Described two guide posts (5) are fixed on mounting plate (4) by threaded connection On, two linear bearing (8) inner rings are cooperatively connected with two guide posts (5) respectively;The friction block (9) passes through through-hole and two Linear bearing (8) is cooperatively connected;Four spring pull rods (12) are for installing two tension springs (11) of connection, described two tension springs (11) it is connected between mounting plate (4) and friction block (9) by spring pull rod (12);Four coefficient of elasticity do not wait linear One end of spring (13) is cooperatively connected by blind hole (9-6) and friction block (9), and the other end is single by spring stack (10-9) and absorption First (10) are connected;The absorbing unit (10) is connected by through-hole with friction block (9).
2. permanent magnet brake according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the absorbing unit (10) includes permanent magnet ring (10-1), iron core (10-3), bobbin (10-4), copper coil (10-5), magnetic yoke (10-6), two power-assisted Attraction blocks (10-7), Four spring stacks (10-9), two power-assisted Attraction block installations nut (10-8) and four spring stack retaining rings (10-2);The iron It is cased with permanent magnet ring (10-1) on the heart (10-3), has bobbin (10-4), copper coil (10- in permanent magnet ring (10-1) outer cover 5) it is wrapped on bobbin (10-4);The iron core (10-3) is connected by the neutral threaded hole of the upper end screw thread and magnetic yoke (10-6) It connects;Described two power-assisted Attraction blocks (10-7) are fixed on magnetic yoke (10-6) by two power-assisted Attraction block installations nut (10-8) Two sides;Four spring stacks (10-9) are fixed on four angles of magnetic yoke (10-6) by four spring stack retaining rings (10-2).
3. permanent magnet brake according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: share 5 through-holes on the friction block (9), i.e., Through-hole one (9-1), through-hole two (9-2), through-hole three (9-3), through-hole four (9-4) and through-hole five (9-5), 4 blind holes (9-6), In, through-hole one (9-1) and through-hole two (9-2) are cooperatively connected with two linear bearings (8) respectively;4 of the friction block (9) are blind A Hookean spring is all placed in hole (9-6);The absorbing unit (10) passes through friction block (9) intermediate through-hole five (9-5).
4. permanent magnet brake according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: four spring pull rods (12) are for the company of installation Two tension springs (11) are connect, described two tension springs (11) are connected between mounting plate (4) and friction block (9) by spring pull rod (12) Specifically: the both ends of each tension spring (11) are separately connected 2 spring pull rods (12), wherein what one end of each tension spring (11) connected Spring pull rod (12) is mounted on mounting plate (4), and the spring pull rod (12) of other end connection is mounted on the logical of friction block (9) both ends In hole three (9-3) and through-hole four (9-4).
CN201710193201.1A 2017-03-28 2017-03-28 A kind of low power consumption permanent magnet brake based on force compensating in spring Active CN106763344B (en)

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CN201710193201.1A CN106763344B (en) 2017-03-28 2017-03-28 A kind of low power consumption permanent magnet brake based on force compensating in spring

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20200270098A1 (en) * 2019-02-27 2020-08-27 Otis Elevator Company Elevator safety with translating safety block

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2156335Y (en) * 1991-11-09 1994-02-16 国营五三工厂 Permanent magnet brake for electricity losing
DE19920543A1 (en) * 1999-05-05 2000-12-07 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Electromagnetically actuated single surface coupling or brake reduces magnetic field of permanent magnet with current pulse in magnetic coil so annular spring opens coupling or brake
CN101583511A (en) * 2006-04-17 2009-11-18 奥蒂斯电梯公司 Permanent magnet elevator disk brake
DE102009021429A1 (en) * 2009-05-15 2010-11-18 Kendrion Binder Magnete Gmbh Electromagnetic brake for electrical drive, has shaft with bearing arranged in housing on output side, where shaft is formed as drive side at end turned away from output shaft for coupling with part to be driven
CN202188051U (en) * 2011-08-11 2012-04-11 成都瑞迪机械实业有限公司 Electromagnetic brake provided with friction proofing device
CN202188039U (en) * 2011-09-02 2012-04-11 成都瑞迪机械实业有限公司 High-precision installation device of prestressed spring of electromagnetic clutch and electromagnetic brake

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2156335Y (en) * 1991-11-09 1994-02-16 国营五三工厂 Permanent magnet brake for electricity losing
DE19920543A1 (en) * 1999-05-05 2000-12-07 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Electromagnetically actuated single surface coupling or brake reduces magnetic field of permanent magnet with current pulse in magnetic coil so annular spring opens coupling or brake
CN101583511A (en) * 2006-04-17 2009-11-18 奥蒂斯电梯公司 Permanent magnet elevator disk brake
DE102009021429A1 (en) * 2009-05-15 2010-11-18 Kendrion Binder Magnete Gmbh Electromagnetic brake for electrical drive, has shaft with bearing arranged in housing on output side, where shaft is formed as drive side at end turned away from output shaft for coupling with part to be driven
CN202188051U (en) * 2011-08-11 2012-04-11 成都瑞迪机械实业有限公司 Electromagnetic brake provided with friction proofing device
CN202188039U (en) * 2011-09-02 2012-04-11 成都瑞迪机械实业有限公司 High-precision installation device of prestressed spring of electromagnetic clutch and electromagnetic brake

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