CN106762331B - A kind of microwave-assisted plug ignition method and its integrating device - Google Patents

A kind of microwave-assisted plug ignition method and its integrating device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106762331B
CN106762331B CN201611163589.2A CN201611163589A CN106762331B CN 106762331 B CN106762331 B CN 106762331B CN 201611163589 A CN201611163589 A CN 201611163589A CN 106762331 B CN106762331 B CN 106762331B
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microwave
ignition
pulse
voltage
plasmoid
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CN106762331A (en
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王兆文
张新华
成晓北
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02PIGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P23/00Other ignition
    • F02P23/04Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays
    • F02P23/045Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays using electromagnetic microwaves
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01TSPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/40Sparking plugs structurally combined with other devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of microwave-assisted plug ignition methods, and this method comprises the following steps: issuing pulse signal to ignition system, trigger the ignition system and generate pulse high-voltage;Pulse signal is issued to microwave system, triggers the microwave pulse that the microwave system generates specific frequency and certain power;The pulse high-voltage is loaded on the spark plug, and the thin combustion gas of arc over generates plasmoid;The microwave pulse radiation microwave energy expands the plasmoid, realizes the igniting of internal combustion engine lean burn.The invention also discloses a kind of microwave-assisted plug ignition integrating devices.Method of the invention combines the advantages of breakdown of spark plug high-voltage discharge and microwave couple energy to plasmoid, and the inventive system comprises ignition systems and microwave system, under combustion chambers of internal combustion engines hyperbaric environment, realize the stable ignition of lean burn.

Description

A kind of microwave-assisted plug ignition method and its integrating device
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of internal combustion engine, more particularly, to a kind of microwave-assisted plug ignition method and its integrate Device.
Background technique
For the petroleum resource consumption situation for coping with increasingly harsh environmental regulation and sternness, internal-combustion engine engineering teacher needs not The disconnected internal-combustion engine technology for being dedicated to developing high-efficiency cleaning.Lean Burning Technique improves combustion using high air-fuel ratio and high compression ratio Oily economy simultaneously improves exhaust emissions level, be most potential raising internal combustion engine thermal efficiency in internal combustion engine combustion system it One.But internal combustion engine realize lean burn even ultra lean burn when, there are ignition difficulties, the problems such as flame propagation is unstable.It is logical Traditional raising ignition energy method is crossed, effect is unobvious, and can shorten spark plug life.
Current automobile-used ignition internal combustion engine generallys use spark plug to light a fire, and plug ignition technology is led in internal combustion engine The application in domain is very mature.After internal combustion engine start, apply an instantaneous pulse high-voltage (generally on spark plug 15000V), high field is formed between high-field electrode and grounding electrode, arc through fuel gas mixture generates high temperature and pressure Plasma spark, to realize igniting.But when air mixture equivalent is smaller, i.e., when fuel oil is diluter, conventional spark plug Mixed gas can only be punctured and form initial plasmoid, and enough energy can not be supplied to meet the needs of ignition process, This results in the igniting of internal combustion engine lean burn to be encountered by difficulty.
Magnetron is as a kind of device for generating microwave, and the application of (micro-wave oven) is also quite general in daily life Time.Microwave as a kind of frequency electromagnetic waves, can into plasma lighter weight electronics coupled energy, thus plasma And the influence in terms of ambient enviroment generation thermodynamics and kinetics.In addition, microwave, which meets metal material in spatial, to be sent out Raw reflection, and meeting nonmetallic materials such as glass etc. will penetrate, and lose little.
Patent document CN103470427A discloses a kind of microwave plasma ignition combustion system of internal combustion engine.System benefit With the microwave pulse of microwave igniter feed-in specific frequency into combustion chambers of internal combustion engines, occur that microwave in the combustion chamber humorous Vibration, to puncture fuel gas mixture and realize that space multiple spot catches fire, improves internal combustion to generate a uniformly distributed strong electrical field in space Machine lean burn combustibility.Quasi- lighted a fire using microwave cavity of the system substitutes conventional ignition plug completely, has certain answer Use prospect.
But a kind of microwave plasma ignition combustion system of internal combustion engine is still deposited disclosed in patent document CN103470427A Following insufficient:
(1) to make microwave that resonance occur in combustion chambers of internal combustion engines, it just must be to traditional classical combustion chambers of internal combustion engines configuration It is transformed to reach fit size, not only improvement cost is big for this, but also will affect the spraying and burning of internal combustion engine;
(2) under internal combustion engine high combustion chamber pressures environment, microwave resonance is only relied on, is still difficult to stablize the thin combustion gas of breakdown, make It must light a fire unstable.
Summary of the invention
A kind of microwave-assisted plug ignition method is provided for above insufficient or Improvement requirement, the present invention of the prior art And its integrating device, it is intended that coupling energy to plasmoid in conjunction with the breakdown of spark plug high-voltage discharge and microwave The advantages of, realize the stable ignition of thin combustion gas.
To achieve the goals above, according to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of microwave-assisted plug ignition method is provided, This method comprises the following steps:
(1) pulse signal is issued to ignition system, triggers the ignition system and generates pulse high-voltage;
(2) pulse signal is issued to microwave system, triggers the microwave system and generates the micro- of specific frequency and certain power Wave impulse;
(3) pulse high-voltage is loaded on the spark plug, and the thin combustion gas of arc over generates plasma Group;
(4) the microwave pulse radiation microwave energy expands the plasmoid, realizes the stable ignition of lean burn.
Further, the step (2) postpones or specific time in advance compared with step (1).
Further, the pulse frequency of microwave pulse described in the pulse frequency of the microwave pulse is 10KHZ~20KHZ, For improving the utilization rate of the microwave pulse.
Other side according to the invention provides a kind of microwave-assisted plug ignition integrating device, which is characterized in that The device includes ignition system, microwave system and mixer, and the ignition system and microwave system are realized by mixer It is integrated;
Wherein, the ignition system includes spray point end and grounding electrode, and pulse high-voltage acts on the spray point End forms strong electrical field between spray point end and grounding electrode and punctures lean mixture combustion gas formation initial plasma group;
The microwave system includes magnetron and driven by magnetron coil, and the driven by magnetron coil is for generating driving Pulse high-voltage signal needed for magnetron, the pulse high-voltage signal driving magnetron generate the microwave arteries and veins of specific frequency Punching.
Further, the mixer includes capacitor, for preventing the pulse high-voltage from conducting to the microwave system.
Further, the mixer further includes inductance, for preventing the microwave pulse from entering the ignition system.
Further, the microwave system further includes three pin tuners, for carrying out impedance matching, makes the microwave arteries and veins Rush power loss minimum.
Further, the microwave system further includes transition waceguide, for the microwave pulse to be conducted to three pin Follow closely tuner.
Further, the ignition system further includes specific dielectric, as microwave pulse described in channel conductance, institute Specific dielectric is stated with optimal pattern length, microwave field can be made between spray point end and grounding electrode most strong and leakproofness It can be best.
Further, the ignition system further includes central electrode, for conducting the pulse high-voltage signal to institute State spray point end.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, can obtain down and show Beneficial effect:
(1) the advantages of breakdown of spark plug high-voltage discharge and microwave are to plasmon coupling energy, structure of the present invention are combined The above technology thought can realize the stable ignition to thin combustion gas under combustion chambers of internal combustion engines hyperbaric environment;
(2) the lean burn limit for widening existing spark-ignition type internal combustion engine, without carrying out combustion chambers of internal combustion engines knot The transformation of structure the advantages of so as to inherit original combustion in IC engine cell structure, and reduces cost of implementation.
(3) device specifically includes ignition system and microwave system, and the ignition system is hit using transient high voltage Wear the indoor lean mixture combustion gas of burning and generate hot plasma group, the microwave system radiation microwave energy expand it is described it is equal from Daughter group.The device can realize the stable ignition of thin combustion gas under combustion chambers of internal combustion engines hyperbaric environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of microwave-assisted plug ignition integrating device schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the knot on the spark plug head that a kind of microwave-assisted plug ignition integrating device of the embodiment of the present invention is related to Structure schematic diagram.
In all attached drawings, identical appended drawing reference indicates same structure element, in which: 1- vehicle power supply, 2- Engine ECU Control system, 3- ignition coil, 4- mixer, 5- coaxial connector, 6- spark plug 7- waveguide coaxial converter, tri- pin tune of 8- Humorous device, 9- transition waceguide, 10- magnetron, 11- driven by magnetron coil, 12- conductor casing, 13- dielectric, electrocardio in 14- Pole, 15- spray point end, 16- grounding electrode.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, not For limiting the present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below that Not constituting conflict between this can be combined with each other.
Fig. 1 is a kind of microwave-assisted plug ignition integrating device schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, should Device includes vehicle power supply 1, Engine ECU control system 2, ignition coil 3, mixer 4, coaxial connector 5, spark plug 6, wave Guiding coaxial converter 7, three pin tuners 8, transition waceguide 9, magnetron 10, driven by magnetron coil 11;
Fig. 2 is the knot on the spark plug head that a kind of microwave-assisted plug ignition integrating device of the embodiment of the present invention is related to Structure schematic diagram.As shown in Fig. 2, the device further includes conductor casing 12, dielectric 13, central electrode 14, spray point end 15, connects Ground electrode 16.
When work, vehicle power supply 1 provides electric energy to ignition coil 3 and driven by magnetron coil 11 respectively;Engine ECU 2 Pulse signal B is issued to ignition coil 3, triggering ignition coil 3 generates pulse high-voltage direct current signal, pulse high-voltage direct current warp Central electrode 14 acts on spray point end 15, forms strong electrical field between spray point end 15 and grounding electrode 16 and punctures thin mixed It closes combustion gas and forms initial plasma group, being retarded or advanced through certain time, microwave is from central electrode 14 and metal shell 12 Between dielectric 13 pass through and to the plasmoid radiation energy generated;
On the other hand, the pulse signal A of specific frequency, specific frequency are issued from Engine ECU 2 to driven by magnetron coil 11 The pulse signal A of rate has being retarded or advanced for certain time compared with pulse signal B, and the pulse signal A of specific frequency triggers magnetron Pulse high-voltage signal needed for driving coil 11 generates driving magnetron 10, the pulse high-voltage signal driving magnetron 10 produce The microwave pulse of raw 10KHz, microwave frequency 2.45GHz, and conducted by transition waceguide 7, impedance is carried out by three pin tuners 8 Matching makes microwave power loss reduction, then is converted to microwave by waveguide propagation by waveguide coaxial converter 9 and is passed by coaxial cable It broadcasts, then, the pulse high-voltage direct current signal that microwave pulse signal and ignition coil 3 generate is formed after the processing of mixer 4 to be collected It at signal, is conducted by same root cable, eventually by coaxial connector 5 and spark plug 6, enters combustion chambers of internal combustion engines and act on Air mixture.Microwave system feed-in microwave energy near discharge electrode into combustion chamber, makes the plasmoid and microwave The effect of intercoupling.Since the frequency of feed-in microwave is very high, the frequency of the alternating electric field generated is also very high, and plasma Mass of ion in body group is more much bigger than electronics, so that ion is difficult to be accelerated by microwave electric field, therefore main in plasmoid It is that electronics is accelerated by microwave electric field and obtains higher-energy.Then, a series of collisions of high energy electron triggering, dissociation, excitation etc. are anti- Igniting should be then realized to expand plasmoid and increase active group concentration.
Present invention incorporates conventional ignition plugs to generate plasmoid compared with breakdown lean mixture combustion gas under elevated ambient pressures The advantages of, it extends by radiating microwave energy in rolling into a ball to spark-discharge plasma and being rolled into a ball come auxiliary plasma and reinforces lighting a fire Journey, the lean flammability limit for then expanding ignition internal combustion engine can be mentioned substantially under the premise of not changing internal combustion engine conventional structure form Rise the lean burn performance of internal combustion engine.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include Within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of microwave-assisted plug ignition integrating device, which is characterized in that the device includes ignition system, microwave system And mixer (4), the ignition system and microwave system are realized by mixer (4) and are integrated;
Wherein, the ignition system includes metal shell (12), dielectric (13), central electrode (14), spray point end (15) it is located between central electrode (14) and metal shell (12) with grounding electrode (16), dielectric (13), pulse high-voltage The spray point end (15) is acted on, form strong electrical field between spray point end (15) and grounding electrode (16) and is punctured thin mixed It closes combustion gas and forms initial plasma group;The central electrode (14) is put for conducting the pulse high-voltage signal to described Acusector end (15);Dielectric (13) of the microwave between central electrode (14) and metal shell (12) passes through and to having generated Plasmoid radiation energy;The microwave system includes magnetron (10) and driven by magnetron coil (11), the magnetic control Pipe driving coil (11) is driven for pulse high-voltage signal needed for generating driving magnetron (10), the pulse high-voltage signal Dynamic magnetron (10) generate the microwave pulse of specific frequency;
The frequency range of microwave pulse is 10KHZ~20KHZ.
2. a kind of microwave-assisted plug ignition integrating device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mixer It (4) include capacitor, for preventing the pulse high-voltage from conducting to the microwave system.
3. a kind of microwave-assisted plug ignition integrating device according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that described mixed Clutch (4) further includes inductance, for preventing the microwave pulse from entering the ignition system.
4. a kind of microwave-assisted plug ignition integrating device according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that described micro- Wave system system further includes waveguide coaxial converter (7), three pin tuners (8), transition waceguide (9) and coaxial connector (5), transition Waveguide (9) is used to for the microwave pulse being conducted to the three pins tuner (8), and three pin tuners (8) are for being hindered Anti- matching, makes the microwave pulse power loss reduction, and waveguide coaxial converter (7) is used to be converted to microwave by waveguide propagation It is propagated by coaxial cable, coaxial connector (5) is high for the pulse after mixing for coupling mixer (4) and spark plug (6) Voltage and microwave are conducted simultaneously to the spark plug.
5. a kind of ignition method based on microwave-assisted plug ignition integrating device described in claim 1, which is characterized in that This method comprises the following steps:
(1) pulse signal is issued to ignition system, triggers the ignition system and generates pulse high-voltage;
(2) pulse signal is issued to microwave system, triggers the microwave arteries and veins that the microwave system generates specific frequency and certain power Punching;
(3) pulse high-voltage is loaded on the spark plug, and the thin combustion gas of arc over generates plasmoid;
(4) the microwave pulse radiation microwave energy expands the plasmoid, realizes the stable ignition of lean burn.
6. a kind of ignition method of microwave-assisted plug ignition integrating device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that The step (2) specific time compared with step (1) delay or in advance.
CN201611163589.2A 2016-12-16 2016-12-16 A kind of microwave-assisted plug ignition method and its integrating device Active CN106762331B (en)

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DE102018125080A1 (en) * 2018-10-10 2020-04-16 Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Ignition system with an ignition spark enlarged by an HF plasma of a spark plug with a prechamber and an associated method
CN113483344A (en) * 2021-07-09 2021-10-08 陕西青朗万城环保科技有限公司 Microwave-enhanced heat-storage combustion waste gas treatment method and device
CN113543444B (en) * 2021-07-09 2024-04-19 陕西青朗万城环保科技有限公司 Microwave-induced metal discharge combustion-supporting method and control system thereof

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DE10356916B3 (en) * 2003-12-01 2005-06-23 Volker Gallatz Fuel ignition process for engine combustion chamber involves creating microwave radiation in combustion chamber from source outside it
JP2009508045A (en) * 2005-09-09 2009-02-26 ビーティーユー インターナショナル インコーポレイテッド Microwave combustion system for internal combustion engines
US8226901B2 (en) * 2007-07-12 2012-07-24 Imagineering, Inc. Ignition or plasma generation apparatus
JP5866684B2 (en) * 2010-06-02 2016-02-17 イマジニアリング株式会社 Control device for internal combustion engine
CN202231304U (en) * 2011-09-10 2012-05-23 李德国 Durable spark plug capable of being repeatedly disassembled, assembled and cleaned for use
CN102410126B (en) * 2011-09-28 2013-11-20 四川得弘电子科技有限公司 Ignition method and system for internal combustion engine
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