CN106756237B - A kind of abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material - Google Patents
A kind of abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN106756237B CN106756237B CN201710015365.5A CN201710015365A CN106756237B CN 106756237 B CN106756237 B CN 106756237B CN 201710015365 A CN201710015365 A CN 201710015365A CN 106756237 B CN106756237 B CN 106756237B
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 38
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010967 Ti—Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009771 scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0084—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ carbon or graphite as the main non-metallic constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to titanium alloy material field more particularly to a kind of abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite materials.Abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material provided by the invention, raw material score proportion by weight includes following ingredient: Al 5-7%, Sn 2.5-3.5%, Zr 4-6%, Mo 0.4-0.6%, Si 0.3-0.7%, W 0.1-0.4%, adds 0.5-5%B4C powder and 0.5-10%C powder, surplus Ti.The Ce of the Ta and 0.01-0.1% of 0.01-0.05% can also be added or the La of the Pt and 0.01-0.1% of 0.01-0.2% can also be added.The material adds B on titanium alloy substrate4C powder and carbon dust are reacted using it with matrix, and the titanium composite material containing TiB Yu TiC reinforced phase is generated, so that titanium composite material wearability improves, have widened the use scope and its application technology of titanium alloy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to titanium alloy material field more particularly to a kind of abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite materials.
Background technique
Titanium alloy is answered extensively because having the characteristics that good corrosion resistance, higher intensity, preferable high temperature performance
Used in aerospace field.With the development of titanium alloy, titanium alloy is also obtained in shipbuilding industry, civilian goods industry and automobile industry etc.
Extensive promotion and application are arrived.For titanium alloy compared with steel material, that there are wearabilities is low, is difficult to the features such as machining, hinders
The expansion of titanium alloy application range is hindered.In recent years, constantly widening with titanium alloy application field, and in rail traffic row
Industry is to during being widely popularized of titanium alloy, and every profession and trade requires the wearability of titanium alloy higher and higher, and conventional titanium alloy is
It is not able to satisfy the requirement to material, especially it is resistance to must just to increase its in the application of track transportation industry popularization titanium alloy
Mill property.
Currently, surface treatment method is generallyd use to improve the wearability of titanium alloy, but surface treatment method for example seeps
Nitrogen processing, only improves wearability in titanium alloy surface very thin one layer (being approximately less than 1mm or so), and there is no change titanium alloy
The wearability of matrix；And since surface wear-resistant layer is very thin, service life and use environment are also limited.Therefore, it improves
The wearability of titanium alloy material tissue itself, for titanium alloy popularization and application very it is necessary to.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material, the material is on titanium alloy substrate, addition
B4C powder and carbon dust are reacted using it with matrix, the titanium composite material containing TiB Yu TiC reinforced phase are generated, so that titanium
Based composites wearability improves, and has widened the use scope and its application technology of titanium alloy.
To achieve the goals above, abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material provided by the invention, raw material score proportion packet by weight
Include following ingredient: Al 5-7%, Sn 2.5-3.5%, Zr 4-6%, Mo 0.4-0.6%, Si 0.3-0.7%, W 0.1-
0.4%, add 0.5-5%B4C powder and 0.5-10%C powder, surplus Ti.
The B4C powder and C powder are reacted with Ti, generate the hardening constituent TiB's and 2-6% of the weight fraction of 2.2%-2.7%
The hardening constituent TiC of weight fraction；Total weight of the weight fraction relative to abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material raw material.
Preferably, the abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material, raw material can also add the Pt and 0.01- of 0.01-0.2%
0.1% La.
Preferably, the abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material, raw material can also add the Ta and 0.01- of 0.01-0.05%
0.1% Ce.
The raw material be selected from titanium sponge (99.7wt.%), rafifinal (99.99 wt.%), sponge zirconium (>=
99.4wt.%), Ti-Sn intermediate alloy (80 wt.% of Sn), Mo-Al intermediate alloy (60 wt.% of Mo), Al-Si intermediate alloy
(25 wt.% of Si), B4C powder (>=99 wt.%), graphite powder (99.9 wt.%), W powder (99.9wt.%), cerium powder (>=99
Wt.%), palladium powder (>=99 wt.%), thallium powder (>=99 wt.%), lanthanum powder (>=99 wt.%).
To achieve the goals above, the preparation method of abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material provided by the invention, specifically includes following
Step.
Step 1 mixes each raw material score by weight, and using vacuum induction melting, working chamber is true in fusion process
Reciprocal of duty cycle remains at 10-1Pa or less；After each raw material all fusing, blend melt is obtained, makes melt in function composite by electromagnetic stirring
Under, keep the temperature 10 minutes；Then melt temperature is increased to 2000 ± 20 DEG C of pouring temperature, then keeps the temperature 5 minutes；By melt cast to gold
Belong in casting mold, after natural cooling, obtains titanium composite material ingot casting.
Step 2, ingot homogenization annealing: titanium composite material ingot casting is heated to 650 DEG C, keeps the temperature 8 hours, then with
Furnace is cooled to room temperature, takes out.
Step 3, deformation processing conducting forging processing: abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material ingot casting is processed into using machine-tooled method intact
Sunken cylindrical body；Then it is forged, initial forging temperature is 1150 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 950-1000 DEG C, in order to reduce
Sample surface thermal loss in forging process, upper anvil tool need to be preheated to 600 DEG C, and work atmosphere is atmosphere, rate of deformation control
For system in 0.1/s or so, total deformation working modulus after conducting forging processing, is air-cooled to room temperature greater than 80%.
Beneficial effects of the present invention.
The present invention verifies through a large number of experiments, carries out proportion research repeatedly to each element and optimization, strict control are each
The content of element makes titanium composite material wearability of the invention be optimal state, has existing titanium alloy composite material institute
Cannot and advantage；In the research process of material mixture ratio, research has been found that pivot cellulose content proportion changes, performance
Especially wearability will receive serious influence, and the requirement of track transportation industry is not achieved.Wherein, the content of Al is 5-7%, aluminium
Mainly play solution strengthening effect, Al, the room temperature tensile enhanced strength about 50MPa of every addition 1%, still, if the content of Al is more than
7%, it close to its limit of solubility, will appear ordered phase in tissue, influence the plasticity and toughness of titanium alloy；Sn and Zr(Sn content is
2.5-3.5%, Zr content are 4-6%) it is neutral element, it is more than that will form ordered phase after a certain range, the modeling of titanium alloy can be reduced
Property and thermal stability；Also, Sn and Zr can also play supplement invigoration effect, further increase the heat resistance of composite material, make to close
Fitting has good pressure processing and welding performance；Mo is beta stable element, and the titanium alloy containing 0.4-0.6%Mo is not sent out in system
Raw eutectoid reaction, structure stability is good at high temperature, additionally it is possible to which the effective corrosion resistance for improving alloy, especially raising alloy exist
Anti- crevice corrosion ability in chloride solution makes its also available good application in coastal environments.
Abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material of the invention, matrix belong to nearly alpha titanium alloy, can be under high temperature (600 DEG C) environment
It uses, and there is the croop property more excellent than other alloys, Si is the heat resistance that can improve alloy, the atomic size of silicon and titanium
Difference is larger, and fault segregation in place is easy in solid solution, prevents dislocation motion, improves the heat resistance of titanium alloy, enhancing titanium closes
The hardness of gold；W is dissolved in titanium, can reinforcing material plasticity and toughness, the heat resistance of material is improved, so that the use of material
Temperature increases, and in composite material frictional heat generation, can still keep good wear-resisting property.But when content is excessive, make last phase
Increase, more than its solubility in titanium, reduces material thermal resistance energy instead；The strong of material can be improved in the addition of palladium and thallium
Degree, the hardness for improving material, act on the tin in alloy, can resist the corrosion of acids, make its at high temperature corrosion-resistant
Performance improves and expands passivation range and is not easy to melt if too high levels, therefore strict control of the present invention its content；Lanthanum and cerium
Addition forms the particle of small stable, generates dispersion-strengtherning, reduces the oxygen concentration in matrix, and the tin in alloy is promoted to shift
Into rare earth oxide, this is conducive to restrain brittlement phase precipitation.Moreover it is possible to which the as-cast structure of significant refining alloy, improves and closes
The heat resistance and thermal stability of gold further ensure the wear-resisting property of titanium alloy material at high temperature, while there are also strong
The effect of strong refinement crystal grain, the uniformity of the material structure of guarantee.
Titanium composite material of the present invention passes through test repeatedly in development process, in order to improve the wear-resisting of compound titanium alloy
Property, the present invention do not add reinforced phase TiC and TiB directly, is otherwise being subjected to extraneous load lotus effect or working environment changes
When, interface resistance lesion capability is low, influences the comprehensive performance of material, especially wear-resisting property；And utilize B4C powder and carbon dust and base
Body titanium alloy reaction in-situ, which generates (TiC+TiB), enhances titanium composite material.B4C, B element in C powder and carbon dust, with titanium alloy
Matrix reacts, and then forming core is grown up in the liquid phase, and the bond strength between obtained reinforcement and matrix is high, finally
Material property obtained is also fine.Carbon dust reacts with the titanium in matrix, generates TiC, B4Titanium in C powder and matrix occurs anti-
It answers, TiC, TiB and TiB can be generated2.Due to excessive titanium and TiB2Between can chemically react so that TiB2In titanium alloy
It cannot be stabilized in matrix.Therefore, B is added in titanium alloy substrate4C powder and carbon dust, even if will form in temperature-rise period
TiB2, but being present in excess due to titanium, with the heating and fusing of titanium, titanium also can be with TiB2Reaction forms TiB, last shape
At TiB and TiC reinforced phase.The density of the TiB and TiC of generation are respectively 4.57 g/cm3And 4.99g/cm3, density with titanium
4.5g/cm3It is close；The Poisson's ratio of TiB and TiC is 0.2, close with the Poisson's ratio 0.3 of titanium.Which results in TiB and TiC and titanium-baseds
Body mutual compatibility is good, stable structure.The stable structure of reinforced phase TiB and TiC, elasticity modulus is 4-5 times of titanium, with matrix titanium knot
It closes, so that the hardness of titanium composite material improves, wearability and excellent in oxidation resistance.
Abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material of the invention, the form of reinforced phase depend on the crystal knot of process of setting and reinforced phase
Structure.From contextual analysis of organization, TiB is orderly rectangle structure, and atom bond strength has high asymmetry, is formed needle-shaped or short
Threadiness, and TiC is orderly face-centred cubic structure, interatomic freely combination can cash out it is very high respectively to colleague, in form
Show as the shaft-like such as isometric or approximate.In process of setting, with the reduction of temperature, ternary eutectic, nucleation rate Gao Erkuo occurs
It is low to dissipate rate, so that ternary eutectic precipitate TiB and TiC enhancing phase size are comparatively fine, to increase hardness, improves resistance to
Mill property.If TiB and TiC go beyond the scope, material plasticity reduction amplitude is larger, and material becomes fragile, and comprehensive performance is poor.When high temperature, by
In reinforced phase to the inhibiting effect of crystal boundary, tiny crystal grain is difficult to grow up, so final crystal grain is still able to maintain relatively fine, guarantee
At high temperature, the wearability of material.
In conclusion abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material of the present invention, is by adding B4C powder and carbon dust, react with titanium, generate
TiB and TiC reinforced phase, hardness is high, and wearability is good, can all keep stable friction factor in room temperature and high temperature.Meanwhile with
Element interacts in matrix, further increases the wearability of material.In composite material preparation process, in order to eliminate solidification
Solidification stress in the process and stablize as-cast structure, homogenizing annealing processing has been carried out to titanium composite material ingot casting.
Detailed description of the invention
The coefficient of friction that Fig. 1 is measured when being 1 room temperature of embodiment and high temperature.
Fig. 2 is the microscopic structure of embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
Detailed statement is done to the present invention combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1.
A kind of abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material include by weight percentage Al6.5%, Sn3%, Zr5%, Mo0.5%, Si0.4%,
W0.1%、B4C powder 0.9%, C powder 4.1%, remaining is Ti.
The B4C powder and C powder are reacted with Ti, generate the weight fraction of the hardening constituent TiB and 5% of 2.5% weight fraction
Hardening constituent TiC.
Embodiment 2.
A kind of abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material include by weight percentage Al5%, Sn2.5%, Zr4%, Mo0.4%, Si0.3%,
W0.2%、B4C powder 0.8%, C powder 1.2%, remaining is Ti.
The B4C powder and C powder are reacted with Ti, generate the weight fraction of the hardening constituent TiB and 2% of 2.2% weight fraction
Hardening constituent TiC.
Embodiment 3.
A kind of abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material include by weight percentage Al7%, Sn3.5%, Zr6%, Mo0.6%, Si0.7%,
W0.4%、B4C powder 2.3%, C powder 3.7%, remaining is Ti.
The B4C powder and C powder are reacted with Ti, generate the mass fraction of the hardening constituent TiB and 6% of 2.7% weight fraction
Hardening constituent TiC.
Embodiment 4.
A kind of abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material include by weight percentage Al6%, Sn3%, Zr5%, Mo0.5%, Si0.4%,
W0.2%、Pt0.1%、La0.01%、B4C powder 0.9%, C powder 2.1%, remaining is Ti.
The B4C powder and C powder are reacted with Ti, generate the weight fraction of the hardening constituent TiB and 3% of 2.5% weight fraction
Hardening constituent TiC.
Embodiment 5.
A kind of abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material include by weight percentage Al5%, Sn3.5%, Zr4%, Mo0.6%, Si0.5%,
W0.3%、Ta0.05%、Ce0.05%、B4C powder 1%, C powder 4%, remaining is Ti.
The B4C powder and C powder are reacted with Ti, generate the weight fraction of the hardening constituent TiB and 5% of 2.4% weight fraction
Hardening constituent TiC.
By taking embodiment 1 as an example, following performance detection analysis is carried out to titanium composite material material of the present invention.
Measuring friction coefficient is carried out to embodiment 1, sees Fig. 1.Using ball disc type room temperature high temperature friction and wear testing machine to resistance to
Mill titanium composite material is tested.In the time that abrasion starts about 5min, coefficient of friction is in rising trend, this explanation is resistance to
Grinding titanium composite material, there are the pre-grinding phases.Caused by this is the variation as abrasive contact surface roughness, friction the initial stage, it is right
The roughness of flour milling is smaller, and friction is small, thus coefficient of friction is smaller, with the progress of abrasion, to the roughness of flour milling by
Cumulative big, frictional force is also gradually increased, and coefficient of friction increases therewith, after the pre-grinding phase, is tended towards stability to the roughness of flour milling,
Abrasion enters the stabilization sub stage.Room temperature coefficient of friction after stabilization in 0.38 or so, 600 DEG C of coefficient of friction 0.35 or so, the two
Relatively.The raising of the friction coefficient temperature and reduce.This is because as the temperature rises, material softening, metallic matrix
Viscosity increase, frictional resistance reduces, while abrasive dust and high-temperature oxide are more in opposite grinding surface plug product, into the recessed of polishing scratch
Hole or ditch dug with a plow, play certain lubricating action, so that coefficient of friction slightly reduces.But since abrasion-resistant titanium alloy base is compound
There are TiC and TiB particle, wearability and excellent in oxidation resistance in material, coefficient of friction is caused to reduce and few.
Fabric analysis is carried out to embodiment 1, sees Fig. 2.Fig. 2 is that the scanning electron microscope of abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material is micro-
Macrograph, reinforcement is more evenly distributed on matrix as can be seen from Figure, the relatively fine (crystallite dimension of matrix
100 μm of <).The form of reinforcement such as has at the shaft-like such as shaft-like or approximation, crystal whisker-shaped, the staple fiber shape.Carry out SEM EDAX results
It is found that mainly containing Ti and B element in needle-shaped and staple fiber shape particle, mainly contained in the particle of the shaft-like such as isometric and approximate
Ti and C element, thus it can be extrapolated that needle-shaped and staple fiber shape particle is TiB, and the particle of the shaft-like such as isometric and close is TiC.
Hardness test, Brinell hardness HB450-480 are carried out to embodiment 1, and general titanium alloy hardness is no more than
HB340.Room temperture elastic modulus is 126GPa, and the elasticity modulus of general titanium alloy is 110GPa or so.The tensile strength of room temperature
In 1200MPa or so, yield strength is 1000MPa or so.
Mechanics Performance Testing is carried out to embodiment 4, when room temperature, tensile strength exists in 1300MPa or so, yield strength
1200MPa or so, elongation percentage >=10%, coefficient of friction is 0.4 or so.Due to being added to Pt, so that the room temperature intensity of material is higher than
The room temperature intensity of embodiment 1；In high temperature friction, with oxygen oxidation reaction occurs for titanium alloy-based cognition, and oxidative wear will necessarily be sent out
It is raw, but La is added, the generation of oxidative wear is greatly reduced, so that the wearability of integral material is widely improved.
Mechanics Performance Testing is carried out to embodiment 5, when room temperature, tensile strength exists in 1250MPa or so, yield strength
1200MPa, elongation percentage >=11%, coefficient of friction is 0.38 or so.Due to being added to Ta, so that the room temperature intensity of material is higher than in fact
The room temperature intensity of example 1 is applied, and the hardness of material increases, can reach HB480-500, hardness improves, and wearability is also increased
By force.When the temperature rises, as the friction of material carries out, the continuity of material is destroyed titanium alloy material, causes micro-crack
It is formed, the addition of Ce reduces the formation of micro-crack, the service life of material when ensure that high temperature.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material, which is characterized in that its raw material score by weight is matched including following ingredient: Al is
5-7%, Sn 2.5-3.5%, Zr 4-6%, Mo 0.4-0.6%, Si 0.3-0.7%, W 0.1-0.4% add 0.5-5%
B4C powder and 0.5-10%C powder, surplus Ti；The B4C powder and C powder are reacted with Ti, generate the weight fraction of 2.2%-2.7%
The hardening constituent TiC of the weight fraction of hardening constituent TiB and 2-6%.
2. abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material,
Raw material further includes the La of the Pt and 0.01-0.1% of 0.01-0.2%.
3. abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material as described in claim 1 or 2 is any, which is characterized in that the abrasion-resistant titanium basic is compound
Material, raw material further include the Ce for adding the Ta and 0.01-0.1% of 0.01-0.05%.
4. abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material,
Raw material is Al6.5%, Sn3%, Zr5%, Mo0.5%, Si0.4%, W0.1%, B by weight percentage4C powder 0.9%, C powder 4.1%, remaining
For Ti.
5. abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material,
Raw material is Al6%, Sn3%, Zr5%, Mo0.5%, Si0.4%, W0.2%, Pt0.1%, La0.01%, B by weight percentage4C powder
0.9%, C powder 2.1%, remaining is Ti.
6. abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material,
Raw material is Al5%, Sn3.5%, Zr4%, Mo0.6%, Si0.5%, W0.3%, Ta0.05%, Ce0.05%, B by weight percentage4C powder
1%, C powder 4%, remaining is Ti.
7. the preparation method of the abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material as described in claim 1-6 is any, which is characterized in that specifically include with
Lower step:
Step 1 mixes each raw material score by weight, using vacuum induction melting, working chamber's vacuum degree in fusion process
Remain at 10-1Pa or less；After each raw material all fusing, blend melt is obtained, makes melt under function composite by electromagnetic stirring, protected
Temperature 10 minutes；Then melt temperature is increased to 2000 ± 20 DEG C of pouring temperature, then keeps the temperature 5 minutes；By melt cast to metal casting
In type, after natural cooling, titanium composite material ingot casting is obtained；
Step 2, casting homogenizing annealing processing: titanium composite material ingot casting is heated to 650 DEG C, keeps the temperature 8 hours, then cold with furnace
But room temperature is arrived, is taken out；
Step 3, deformation processing conducting forging processing: abrasion-resistant titanium basic composite material ingot casting is processed into using machine-tooled method flawless
Cylindrical body；Then it is forged, initial forging temperature is 1150 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 1000-950 DEG C, in order to reduce forging
Sample surface thermal loss in the process, upper anvil tool need to be preheated to 600 DEG C, and work atmosphere is atmosphere, and rate of deformation control exists
0.1/s or so, total deformation after conducting forging processing, are air-cooled to room temperature greater than 80%.
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| CN110343905A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-10-18 | 攀枝花市天民钛业有限公司 | High-temperature titanium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN112191856A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation method of in-situ synthesized particle reinforced titanium-based composite material powder |
| CN113388756B (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2022-05-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation method of multi-element reinforced high-temperature titanium-based composite material |
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