CN106756153A - A kind of secondary aluminium smelting technology and secondary aluminium handling process - Google Patents
A kind of secondary aluminium smelting technology and secondary aluminium handling process Download PDFInfo
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- CN106756153A CN106756153A CN201611195153.1A CN201611195153A CN106756153A CN 106756153 A CN106756153 A CN 106756153A CN 201611195153 A CN201611195153 A CN 201611195153A CN 106756153 A CN106756153 A CN 106756153A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of secondary aluminium smelting technology and secondary aluminium handling process, is related to technical field of aluminum alloy technology.Secondary aluminium smelting technology includes melting aluminum strip after pretreatment and technical pure aluminium ingot under conditions of 680 DEG C 760 DEG C, then by the aluminium liquid after melting and industrial pure silicon, industrial pure copper, ingot iron, simple metal and rare earth metal addition smelting furnace, add nano-carbonate, simultaneously inert gas is passed through from the bottom of smelting furnace, 1680 DEG C 1800 DEG C are warming up to until being completely melt, 40 60min are kept, is then filtered through foamed ceramic filter plate.The process is simple, removal of impurities, good purification in fusion process, it is adaptable to the preparation of body of a motor car aluminium alloy.Secondary aluminium handling process including the regeneration smelting technology, technological operation is simple, and environment-friendly, obtained final product quality is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of aluminum alloy technology, processed in particular to a kind of secondary aluminium smelting technology and secondary aluminium
Technique.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy is the alloy general name based on aluminium, and main alloy element has copper, silicon, magnesium, zinc or manganese, secondary alloy unit
Have nickel, iron, titanium, chromium or lithium etc..The good processability of aluminium alloy, especially hypoeutectic silico-aluminum, not only good processability,
And light specific gravity, surface aesthetic and corrosion-resistant, good casting property, product comprehensive mechanical property is good, can be used to make variform
Part, be used widely in many fields.Aluminium alloy as auto parts and components main material, it is extensive at home and abroad
It is applied to manufacture car door, vehicle window and invisible position etc. in body structure.
With the fast development of automobile industry, to the performance requirement more and more higher of aluminium alloy in industry.But, existing aluminium
Alloy is when body of a motor car material is prepared, and presswork rate is relatively low, causes production cost high；Meanwhile, its body of a motor car being made
Material also in the presence of clash into or during knocking into the back the big influence of morphotropism ride safety and after scraping scratch to significantly affect vehicle body attractive in appearance
The shortcomings of.
Last century Mo, the whole world consumed pop can 180,000,000,000 every year, and consumption aluminium is up to more than 250 ten thousand tons, accounts for world aluminum consumption figure
15% or so, aluminum easy open can is a kind of conventional running stores, and used i.e. useless, cycle period is very short, and recovery value is high.But
When body of a motor car aluminium alloy is prepared with discarded pop can, composition is difficult to control, and in melting, removal of impurities, purification technique are more multiple
It is miscellaneous.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of secondary aluminium smelting technology, its process is simple, removal of impurities, purification in fusion process
Effect is good, it is adaptable to the preparation of body of a motor car aluminium alloy.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of secondary aluminium handling process, its technological operation is simple, environment-friendly, system
The final product quality for obtaining is high.
What embodiments of the invention were realized in：
A kind of secondary aluminium smelting technology, it is included aluminum strip after pretreatment and technical pure aluminium ingot in 680 DEG C -760 DEG C
Under conditions of melt, then by the aluminium liquid after melting and industrial pure silicon, industrial pure copper, ingot iron, simple metal and rare earth metal
Add in smelting furnace, add nano-carbonate, while being passed through inert gas from the bottom of smelting furnace, be warming up to 1680 DEG C -1800
DEG C until be completely melt, 40-60min is kept, then filtered through foamed ceramic filter plate.
Wherein, each composition accounts for the part by weight of total amount of feeding and is respectively：Aluminum strip 16.67%-33.33%, commercial-purity aluminium
61.25%-74.6%, industrial pure silicon 2.97%-4.94%, industrial pure copper 0.97%-1.95%, ingot iron 0.43%-
1.4%, simple metal 0.17-0.4%, rare earth metal 0.04%-0.09%.
Fraction meter by weight, aluminum strip includes：Magnesium 1.2%, manganese 0.78%, silicon 0.19%, copper 0.14%, iron 0.43%, indium
0.03%th, balance of aluminium.
Rare earth metal includes that the part by weight for accounting for total amount of feeding is the terbium of 0.01%-0.02%, 0.01%-0.02%
The europium of lutetium, the cerium of 0.01%-0.02% and 0.01%-0.03%.
Simple metal includes simple metal manganese, pure metallic titanium, simple metal cadmium, simple metal strontium and simple metal indium.
A kind of secondary aluminium handling process, it includes above-mentioned secondary aluminium smelting technology.
The secondary aluminium smelting technology and secondary aluminium handling process beneficial effect of the embodiment of the present invention be：Add in melting process
Enter nano-carbonate, used as additives, producible a small amount of inert gas can have nano-carbonate adsorbent in melting process
Effect ground the small non-metallic inclusion in melt is taken into liquid level.Rare earth metal is added in melting process, adjust its content and
Species, not only further increases the clearance of field trash, and is easily reacted with oxygen, hydrogen etc., de- so as to play
Hydrogen, deoxidation, descale etc. are acted on, thus can purify aluminium liquid, while hydrogen is to aluminium alloy porosity in effectively reducing melt
Adverse effect, greatly improve body of a motor car pressing gold mechanical performance and corrosion resistance.Inert gas is passed through in melt
For further taking away the impurity such as the gas inside raw material.
Further, as raw material, turn waste into wealth using by pretreated discarded pop can, while coordinating adjustment to add
Enter other raw materials, make the obtained product can be used as the use of body of a motor car aluminium alloy.Wherein silicone content and copper content is higher, makes system
Obtaining body of a motor car aluminium alloy has preferable mechanical strength, hardness and anti-wear performance, can effectively reduce automobile impacting and scraping
During produce deformation quantity；But, when silicon in aluminium alloy and too high copper content, because the crystal grain of hardening constituent is larger and distribution
It is uneven, cause the tensile property of aluminium alloy to be remarkably decreased.The content of the optimization reagent such as other metals added by control, energy
It is enough that more effective structure refinement is carried out to the aluminium alloy, strengthen mechanical strength of aluminium alloy etc., it can simultaneously improve aluminium alloy
Service life and aluminium alloy processing yield rate.
Specific embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention
Technical scheme be clearly and completely described.Unreceipted actual conditions person, builds according to normal condition or manufacturer in embodiment
The condition of view is carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, are the conventional product that can be obtained by commercially available purchase
Product.
The secondary aluminium smelting process and secondary aluminium handling process to the embodiment of the present invention are specifically described below.
Secondary aluminium handling process provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes pretreatment, dispensing, melting, crystal grain refinement and cast.
Wherein crystal grain refinement and cast are not core of the invention, and those skilled in the art are to be capable of achieving with reference to prior art, herein
Repeat no more.
First, the discarded pop can for reclaiming is broken into the strip aluminum strip of 1cm-5cm, is so easy to follow-up operation.Will
Pop can after broken carries out first time separation by pneumatic separator, for example, separated using winnowing machine, it is preferable that first
Secondary separation is carried out in the environment of wind speed is 4m/s-6m/s, in order to isolate light impurities such as dust, paper scrap or modeling
Material, it is to avoid follow-up melting causes the serious air-breathing of alloy melt, causes the defect such as stomata, loose, and the paper scrap or plastics for sub-electing can
Used as fuel.Preferably, dust arrester installation, dust, paper scrap or plastics is added to be collected in pneumatic separator, it is to avoid to ring
Cause secondary pollution in border.
Aluminum strip after first time is separated carries out second separation by magnetic plant, scum is isolated, for example with magnetic
Select machine to be separated, it is preferable that magnetic field intensity be 0.1-0.3T in the environment of carry out, due to wind speed for 4m/s-6m/s when
Time can sub-elect light impurities, it is impossible to sub-elect proportion larger impurity such as iron filings, and iron is the nuisance in aluminium and aluminium alloy
Matter, influences maximum to the mechanical performance of aluminium alloy, can not only reduce its mechanical performance, while its resistance to corrosion can also be weakened, because
This is removed using magnetic method.Preferably, the aluminum strip after second is separated enters in being put into the acetic acid solution that concentration is 15%-25%
Row immersion 1-3min, in order to remove greasy dirt on aluminum strip, improve the quality of scrap aluminium alloy.
Then the aluminum strip after second is separated is heated to 80 DEG C -120 DEG C and is rubbed, because easy-to-draw top tank structure is utilized
The easy-to-draw tank coating of water-based modification epoxy forms a tunic, and the resistance to strong acid of inwall film, highly basic and most of organic solvent are generally used
Epoxy resin film, being heated to 80 DEG C -120 DEG C softens epoxy resin film, is then stripped down by machinery rubbing, method letter
It is single, efficiency high, and it is environment-friendly, environment will not be polluted.
Aluminum strip after rubbing stirs 8~15min in adding phenmethylol, acetic acid and terebinthine first mixed liquor while hot,
Now substantially 80 DEG C~100 DEG C of the temperature of aluminum strip.Preferably, phenmethylol, acetic acid and terebinthine volume ratio are 3-8:1-4:
1-3, it is furthermore preferred that phenmethylol, acetic acid and terebinthine volume ratio are 3-6:1-3:2-3, for example, phenmethylol, acetic acid and turpentine
The volume ratio of oil is 4-5:2-3:2-3.Corrosion and penetrating power using benzyl carbinol and acetic acid, destruction enamelled coating and enamelled coating with
The cohesive force of tank body, the ability of enamelled coating is diluted with reference to turpentine oil, enamelled coating is separated with tank body, makes pop can paint layer from surface
Come off, while add coming off for enamelled coating can be accelerated while hot.Method is simple, and paint removal efficiency is high, and solution is repeatable using and without two
Secondary pollution.
Take out during aluminum strip is put into the second mixed liquor of absolute ethyl alcohol and ethyl acetate and stir 5-10min, it is preferable that anhydrous second
The volume ratio of alcohol and ethyl acetate is 4-10:1-3, it is highly preferred that the volume ratio of absolute ethyl alcohol and ethyl acetate is 5-8:1-2.
Because phenmethylol, acetic acid and terebinthine boiling point are higher, it are attached on aluminum strip and are very difficult to remove, can makes in follow-up fusion process
Aluminium liquid produces bubble, influences the effect of melting and then the quality of influence aluminium alloy.Therefore phenmethylol on aluminum strip, acetic acid be will be attached to
Absolute ethyl alcohol and ethyl acetate are dissolved in turpentine oil, it is cleaned with water, because absolute ethyl alcohol and ethyl acetate are dissolved in
Water, is purged with water and not only facilitate but also environmentally friendly.Preferably, the aluminum strip that will be taken out from the second mixed liquor ultrasound in deionized water
Concussion at least half an hour, ultrasonic vibration be in order that the liquid on aluminium flake remove more thoroughly, while can also further remove
It is attached to the enamelled coating on aluminium flake.
Then in drying above-mentioned aluminium flake 15-20min under 110 DEG C of -125 DEG C of environment, it is preferable that in 110 DEG C of -115 DEG C of environment
The lower above-mentioned aluminium flake 15-20min of drying, in order to the moisture content on aluminium flake is removed, because the aluminium liquid in the fusion process in later stage
The quality for being mainly derived from water, large effect aluminium alloy of middle gas and oxide inclusion.
Due to this method using waste and old recovery pop can as raw material, wherein being wrapped by weight percentage in obtained aluminum strip
Magnesium 1.2%, manganese 0.78%, silicon 0.19%, copper 0.14%, iron 0.43%, indium 0.03%, balance of aluminium are included, and in order to finally make
Into being suitable to the aluminium alloy of body of a motor car, it is necessary to each element during to melting carries out rational proportion.
Dispensing is carried out accordingly, and the part by weight for accounting for total amount of feeding by composition carries out dispensing, the aluminium of 16.67%-33.33%
Bar, the commercial-purity aluminium of 61.25%-74.6%, the industrial pure silicon of 2.97%-4.94%, the industrial pure copper of 0.97%-1.95%,
The ingot iron of 0.43%-1.4%, the simple metal of 0.17-0.4%, the rare earth metal of 0.04%-0.09%.Preferably, rare earth
The part by weight that metal accounts for total amount of feeding is 0.05%-0.08%.Wherein, rare earth metal includes accounting for the part by weight of total amount of feeding
It is the europium of the terbium of 0.01%-0.02%, the lutetium of 0.01%-0.02%, the cerium of 0.01%-0.02% and 0.01%-0.03%.It is excellent
Selection of land, simple metal includes that the part by weight for accounting for total amount of feeding is the simple metal manganese of 0.07%-0.14%, 0.03%-0.08%
Pure metallic titanium, the simple metal cadmium of 0.03%-0.08%, the simple metal strontium and the proof gold of 0.01%-0.02% of 0.03%-0.08%
Category indium.
Wherein, the Main Function of element silicon and copper is to increase the rigidity for preparing body of a motor car aluminium alloy, is reduced
The deformation quantity that automobile impacting is produced, so as to reduce maintenance cost, improves the security of driving.Silicon can form Al-Si eutectics with aluminium
Liquid phase, can effectively improve aluminium alloy casting fluidity.Silicone content is higher, and the casting fluidity of aluminium alloy is better；Meanwhile, silicon
The chemical stability of crystal grain is good and with hardness (HV870-1050) higher, it is possible to increase the rigidity of alloy.Silicon in aluminium alloy
The increase of constituent content enables aluminum alloy to have the wearability higher than fine aluminium, and can reduce that automobile causes in scraping process draws
Trace.
Copper is added in the Al-Si alloys can form αsolidsolution, CuAl2With Si phases, α phases respectively with CuAl2Constituted with Si
Two-phase eutectic, while these three mutually can collectively form three-phase eutectic again, can carry out solution strengthening and disperse to aluminium alloy
Reinforcing.In the presence of copper is solid-solution in aluminum substrate or with granular compound as hardening constituent, the machine of aluminium alloy is remarkably improved
Tool intensity.
But, when silicon in aluminium alloy and too high copper content, because the crystal grain of hardening constituent is larger and skewness, cause
The tensile property for being used for the aluminium alloy for preparing body of a motor car is remarkably decreased, and flat rate is processed into aluminium alloy processing characteristics reduction
Reduce.On this basis, provided by the present invention for prepare the aluminium alloy of body of a motor car add in the feed micro terbium, lutetium,
Cerium, four kinds of rare earth metals of europium.
On the one hand, studied through inventor and found, the ratio of the eutectic by adjusting silicon, copper and terbium and lutetium, by silicon：Copper：
The ratio of (terbium+lutetium) is adjusted to 3-5：1-2：During the scope of 0.002-0.04, the surface tension of α phases can be significantly reduced, reduce α
The grain size of phase, while making α distributed mutuallies evenly, enables aluminum alloy to can have excellent resisting while having stronger rigidity
Tensile property.
On the other hand, the physicochemical properties of rare earth element are active, and adding micro mixed rare-earth elements can be with aluminium alloy
The impurity elements such as oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus, sulphur, iron, lead in the liquid dystectic compound of reaction generation is simultaneously precipitated, to aluminium alloy
Liquid has catharsis, can reduce the surface tension of aluminum alloy melt, eliminates the harm of metal and nonmetallic inclusion element, improves aluminium
The casting fluidity of aluminium alloy, the mechanical property of aluminium alloy.And find that, when the eutectic of lutetium, cerium and europium, it is removed through studying people
Miscellaneous excellent effect, the combination property of aluminium alloy is significantly improved.
Additionally, in the present invention, the Main Function of iron is the sticking to mould for reducing aluminium alloy, iron forms Al-Si-Fe with silicon and aluminium
It is partial crystallization thing, contributes to the dispersion-strengthened of aluminium alloy, the mechanical strength and tensile property of aluminium alloy can be improved, so as to improve aluminium
Tensile strength, yield limit of base etc..
The Main Function of magnesium is crystal grain thinning, so as to improve the yield strength of aluminium alloy；Magnesium can form Mg with silicon2Si strengthens
Phase, its rigidity that can increase aluminium alloy.The addition of magnesium can reduce the tendency of the sticking to mould of aluminum alloy melt, make die casting surface light
It is sliding, it is to avoid to occur damaging during the aluminium alloy demoulding.
Titanium and reactive aluminum form TiAl3Compound, can refine α-Al crystal grain.The micro titanium elements of addition, can make α-Al brilliant
Grain is changed into the equiax crystal of fine uniform from thick dendroid, improves the casting fluidity of aluminum alloy melt, improves aluminium alloy
Structural homogenity, improves the rigidity and processing characteristics of aluminium alloy.
A small amount of cadmium is introduced in aluminium alloy can also play a part of crystal grain thinning with strontium element, can reduce creep speed
Rate, and improve the anti-fatigue performance of aluminium alloy.
Then load weighted aluminum strip and technical pure aluminium ingot are put into melting furnace to be melted under conditions of 680 DEG C -760 DEG C, mesh
Be in order that aluminium is completely melt.Then 1680 DEG C -1800 DEG C are risen to smelting furnace with 20 DEG C/min, in the process for heating up
It is middle that aluminium liquid is added into smelting furnace, then sequentially add pure metallic titanium, ingot iron, simple metal manganese, industrial pure silicon, industrial pure copper,
Rare earth metal lutetium and rare earth metal Tb because the boiling point such as pure metallic titanium, ingot iron is higher, side heat up the purpose that just adds be for
Pure metallic titanium, ingot iron etc. is set preferably to melt, heating mode can be such that each component in alloy fully mixes, be conducive to
The mechanical strength of alloy is improved, because the content of rare metal is relatively low, for the alloy that processability is more uniformly distributed, should try one's best makes
Rare metal is uniformly dispersed, therefore adds mixed rare earth alloy after remaining alloy has been dissolved, when rare metal instantaneous touch
During melt higher than itself fusing point, own temperature is drastically raised, and its rapid melting simultaneously disperses rapidly in the melt, and due to
The mobility of the element for having melted, the rare skill element for adding afterwards can quickly and uniformly disperse in mixing melt in the middle of,
The generation of bubble is reduced, during, being acted on the bubbling of inert gas, the impurity such as scum silica frost and residue with complete liquid level and is removed
Go, further reduce the fault in material during following process.Industrial pure silicon and industrial pure copper are added after simple metal manganese, because
Industrial pure silicon, industrial pure copper have certain solid solution strengthening effect, further improve the combination property of alloy.Preferably, every 10min
Add a kind of raw material, in order to enable each metal preferably with aluminium liquid mixed melting to heighten the quality of melt.
Simple metal cadmium, simple metal strontium, simple metal indium, rare earth metal cerium and Rare Earth Europium are added after the completion of intensification, until
It is completely melt.Because the boiling point of simple metal cadmium and simple metal strontium etc. is relatively low, adding can make its quick expansion at a higher temperature
It is scattered in aluminium liquid, makes its dispersion effect more preferably, can so improves plasticity, processability and the end product quality of alloy.
Preferably, added by technical pure aluminium ingot, industrial pure silicon, industrial pure copper, ingot iron, simple metal and rare earth metal
Before smelting furnace, 1-2h is dried in 110 DEG C -115 DEG C, remove moisture, it is to avoid melt quality is influenceed in melting process.
Nano-carbonate is added in melting process, it is preferable that nano-carbonate is selected from nano-calcium carbonate, nano-calcium carbonate sodium
At least one of with nanometer zinc carbonate.Nano-carbonate as adsorbent, the producible small inert gas in melting process
The small non-metallic inclusion in melt can effectively be removed.Inert gas is passed through in melt from bottom simultaneously, inert gas
Due to its own density small simultaneous reactions activity it is extremely low the characteristics of, it can be by the partial impurities in melt, slag in floating-upward process
Etc. sweeping along and take to liquid level.Being used to discharge makes the gas in melt and impurity is floated on aluminium alloy liquid level, and it can effectively subtract
The impurity content of low aluminium alloy, improves the mechanical property of aluminium alloy.Then filtered through foamed ceramic filter plate, in order to anti-
Only there is infusibility impurity in aluminium liquid.
Melt after melting can be made into aluminium alloy by after the steps such as follow-up crystal grain refinement, and be applied to prepare automobile
Vehicle body aluminium alloy.
Embodiment 1
Discarded pop can is broken into 1cm strip aluminum strips long, then by winnowing machine, under conditions of wind speed is 4m/s
First time separation is carried out, light impurities are isolated.Then by magnetic separator, second is carried out under conditions of magnetic field intensity is 0.1T
Secondary separation, isolates iron filings.Then aluminum strip is put into concentration to carry out immersion 3min in 15% acetic acid solution, then adds aluminum strip
Heat is to 80 DEG C and carries out machinery and rubs.
It is 3 that aluminum strip after rubbing adds volume ratio while hot：1：1 phenmethylol, acetic acid and terebinthine first mixed liquor
Middle stirring 15min, is then placed in 4：10min is stirred in 1 absolute ethyl alcohol and the second mixed liquor of ethyl acetate, in deionized water
Middle ultrasonic vibration 30min, then in drying 20min under 110 DEG C of environment.
Then carry out dispensing, the part by weight for accounting for total amount of feeding by composition carries out dispensing, be on the waiting list 16.67% aluminum strip,
74.55% commercial-purity aluminium, 4.94% industrial pure silicon, 1.95% industrial pure copper, 1.4% ingot iron, 0.02%
Simple metal indium, 0.14% simple metal manganese, 0.08% pure metallic titanium, 0.08% simple metal cadmium, 0.08% simple metal strontium,
0.02% rare earth metal Tb, 0.02% rare earth metal lutetium, 0.02% rare earth metal cerium, 0.03% Rare Earth Europium are made
It is raw material.Simultaneously by commercial-purity aluminium, industrial pure silicon, industrial pure copper, ingot iron, simple metal indium, simple metal manganese, pure metallic titanium,
Simple metal cadmium, simple metal strontium, rare earth metal Tb, rare earth metal lutetium, rare earth metal cerium, Rare Earth Europium dry 1h at 110 DEG C.
First aluminum strip and technical pure aluminium ingot are melted under conditions of 720 DEG C, while nano-calcium carbonate is added, from smelting furnace
Bottom is passed through inert gas, and 1680 DEG C are then warming up to smelting furnace with 20 DEG C/min, during intensification every 10min according to
Secondary addition pure metallic titanium, ingot iron, simple metal manganese, industrial pure silicon, industrial pure copper, rare earth metal lutetium and rare earth metal Tb,
When temperature is 1680 DEG C, simple metal cadmium, simple metal strontium, simple metal indium, rare earth metal cerium and Rare Earth Europium are added, until completely
Fusing, then filters through foamed ceramic filter plate.
Melt after melting after follow-up crystal grain refinement, cast step by being made aluminium alloy.
Embodiment 2
Discarded pop can is broken into 5cm strip aluminum strips long, then by winnowing machine, under conditions of wind speed is 6m/s
First time separation is carried out, light impurities are isolated.Then by magnetic separator, second is carried out under conditions of magnetic field intensity is 0.3T
Secondary separation, isolates iron filings.Then aluminum strip is put into concentration to carry out immersion 1min in 25% acetic acid solution, then adds aluminum strip
Heat is to 120 DEG C and carries out machinery and rubs.
It is 8 that aluminum strip after rubbing adds volume ratio while hot：4：3 phenmethylol, acetic acid and terebinthine first mixed liquor
Middle stirring 8min, is then placed in 10：5min is stirred in 3 absolute ethyl alcohol and the second mixed liquor of ethyl acetate, in deionized water
Middle ultrasonic vibration 60min, then in drying 20min under 125 DEG C of environment.
Then carry out dispensing, the part by weight for accounting for total amount of feeding by composition carries out dispensing, weigh 33.33% aluminum strip,
62.09% commercial-purity aluminium, 2.97% industrial pure silicon, 0.97% industrial pure copper, 0.43% ingot iron, 0.01%
Simple metal indium, 0.07% simple metal manganese, 0.03% pure metallic titanium, 0.03% simple metal cadmium, 0.03% simple metal strontium,
0.01% rare earth metal Tb, 0.01% rare earth metal lutetium, 0.01% rare earth metal cerium, 0.01% Rare Earth Europium.
Simultaneously by commercial-purity aluminium, industrial pure silicon, industrial pure copper, ingot iron, simple metal indium, simple metal manganese, pure metallic titanium, simple metal
Cadmium, simple metal strontium, rare earth metal Tb, rare earth metal lutetium, rare earth metal cerium, Rare Earth Europium dry 2h at 115 DEG C.
First aluminum strip and technical pure aluminium ingot are melted under conditions of 680 DEG C, while nano-calcium carbonate sodium is added, from smelting furnace
Bottom is passed through inert gas, and 1800 DEG C are then warming up to smelting furnace with 20 DEG C/min, during intensification every 10min according to
Secondary addition pure metallic titanium, ingot iron, simple metal manganese, industrial pure silicon, industrial pure copper, rare earth metal lutetium and rare earth metal Tb,
When temperature is 1800 DEG C, simple metal cadmium, simple metal strontium, simple metal indium, rare earth metal cerium and Rare Earth Europium are added, until completely
Fusing, then filters through foamed ceramic filter plate.
Melt after melting after follow-up crystal grain refinement, cast step by being made aluminium alloy.
Embodiment 3
Discarded pop can is broken into 4cm strip aluminum strips long, then by winnowing machine, under conditions of wind speed is 5m/s
First time separation is carried out, light impurities are isolated.Then by magnetic separator, second is carried out under conditions of magnetic field intensity is 0.2T
Secondary separation, isolates iron filings.Then aluminum strip is put into concentration to carry out immersion 2min in 20% acetic acid solution, then adds aluminum strip
Heat is to 100 DEG C and carries out machinery and rubs.
It is 6 that aluminum strip after rubbing adds volume ratio while hot：3：2 phenmethylol, acetic acid and terebinthine first mixed liquor
Middle stirring 10min, is then placed in 5：8min is stirred in 2 absolute ethyl alcohol and the second mixed liquor of ethyl acetate, in deionized water
Middle ultrasonic vibration 120min, then in drying 18min under 115 DEG C of environment.
Then carry out dispensing, the part by weight for accounting for total amount of feeding by composition carries out dispensing, weigh 32.86% aluminum strip,
61.25% commercial-purity aluminium, 3.22% industrial pure silicon, 1.4% industrial pure copper, 1% ingot iron, 0.01% proof gold
Category indium, 0.1% simple metal manganese, 0.05% pure metallic titanium, 0.03% simple metal cadmium, 0.03% simple metal strontium,
0.02% rare earth metal Tb, 0.01% rare earth metal lutetium, 0.01% rare earth metal cerium, 0.01% Rare Earth Europium.
Simultaneously by commercial-purity aluminium, industrial pure silicon, industrial pure copper, ingot iron, simple metal indium, simple metal manganese, pure metallic titanium, simple metal
Cadmium, simple metal strontium, rare earth metal Tb, rare earth metal lutetium, rare earth metal cerium, Rare Earth Europium dry 2h at 115 DEG C.
First aluminum strip and technical pure aluminium ingot are melted under conditions of 760 DEG C, while nanometer zinc carbonate is added, from smelting furnace
Bottom is passed through inert gas, and 1700 DEG C are then warming up to smelting furnace with 20 DEG C/min, during intensification every 10min according to
Secondary addition pure metallic titanium, ingot iron, simple metal manganese, industrial pure silicon, industrial pure copper, rare earth metal lutetium and rare earth metal Tb,
When temperature is 1700 DEG C, simple metal cadmium, simple metal strontium, simple metal indium, rare earth metal cerium and Rare Earth Europium are added, until completely
Fusing, then filters through foamed ceramic filter plate.
Melt after melting after follow-up crystal grain refinement, cast step by being made aluminium alloy.
Embodiment 4
Discarded pop can is broken into 3cm strip aluminum strips long, then by winnowing machine, under conditions of wind speed is 6m/s
First time separation is carried out, light impurities are isolated.Then by magnetic separator, second is carried out under conditions of magnetic field intensity is 0.3T
Secondary separation, isolates iron filings.Then aluminum strip is put into concentration to carry out immersion 2min in 18% acetic acid solution, then adds aluminum strip
Heat is to 90 DEG C and carries out machinery and rubs.
It is 4 that aluminum strip after rubbing adds volume ratio while hot：3：3 phenmethylol, acetic acid and terebinthine first mixed liquor
Middle stirring 8min, is then placed in 6：7min is stirred in 1 absolute ethyl alcohol and the second mixed liquor of ethyl acetate, in deionized water
Ultrasonic vibration 30min, then in drying 15min under 110 DEG C of environment..
Then carry out dispensing, the part by weight for accounting for total amount of feeding by composition carries out dispensing, weigh 17.82% aluminum strip,
74.6% commercial-purity aluminium, 4% industrial pure silicon, 1.9% industrial pure copper, 1.2% ingot iron, 0.02% simple metal
Indium, 0.14% simple metal manganese, 0.08% pure metallic titanium, 0.08% simple metal cadmium, 0.08% simple metal strontium, 0.02%
Rare earth metal Tb, 0.02% rare earth metal lutetium, 0.02% rare earth metal cerium, 0.02% Rare Earth Europium.Simultaneously will
Commercial-purity aluminium, industrial pure silicon, industrial pure copper, ingot iron, simple metal indium, simple metal manganese, pure metallic titanium, simple metal cadmium, proof gold
Category strontium, rare earth metal Tb, rare earth metal lutetium, rare earth metal cerium, Rare Earth Europium dry 2h at 110 DEG C.
First aluminum strip and technical pure aluminium ingot are melted under conditions of 700 DEG C, while nano-calcium carbonate is added, from smelting furnace
Bottom is passed through inert gas, and 1750 DEG C are then warming up to smelting furnace with 20 DEG C/min, during intensification every 10min according to
Secondary addition pure metallic titanium, ingot iron, simple metal manganese, industrial pure silicon, industrial pure copper, rare earth metal lutetium and rare earth metal Tb,
When temperature is 1750 DEG C, simple metal cadmium, simple metal strontium, simple metal indium, rare earth metal cerium and Rare Earth Europium are added, until completely
Fusing, then filters through foamed ceramic filter plate.
Melt after melting after follow-up crystal grain refinement, cast step by being made aluminium alloy.
Aluminium alloy to embodiment 1-4 carries out rigid test.Use dimension formula hardometer by a diameter of 12.7mm and thickness for
The aluminium alloy disk of 3mm carries out at least 3 times tests, the number for obtaining under conditions of pressing-in force is 3kg and the dwell time is 15s
According to average value be as the hardness of the aluminium alloy.The method of testing according to specified in ISO 6892-1, is tried using omnipotent mechanics
Test machine carries out tension test to aluminium alloy obtained in embodiment 1-4, obtains after HB elongation before yield strength and HB, is used to react
The processing characteristics of aluminum alloy materials.Wherein, yield strength is the yield limit for producing 0.2% residual deformation after HB, is extended before HB
Rate is fracture elongation.
Extended before more than 200MPa, HB through the obtained aluminum alloy hardness yield strength all after more than 150HV, HB of inspection
Rate is more than 30%.It follows that obtained aluminum alloy machinery intensity is high.
In sum, the present invention nano-carbonate is added in melting process, nano-carbonate adsorbent as additives,
Producible small inert gas can effectively remove the small non-metallic inclusion in melt in melting process.Melting
Rare earth metal is added in journey, its content and species is have adjusted, the clearance of field trash is not only further increased, and easily with
Oxygen, hydrogen etc. react, and so as to play the effect such as dehydrogenation, deoxidation, descale, thus aluminium liquid can be purified, while energy
Hydrogen greatly improves the mechanical performance of body of a motor car aluminium alloy and resists to the adverse effect of aluminium alloy porosity in effectively reducing melt
Corrosive nature.Inert gas is passed through in melt for further taking away the impurity such as the gas inside raw material.By after pretreatment
Discarded pop can as raw material, turn waste into wealth, while coordinating adjustment to add other raw materials, make the obtained product can be used as automobile
The use of vehicle body aluminium alloy.Wherein silicone content and copper content is higher, makes body of a motor car aluminium alloy is obtained with preferably machinery by force
Degree, hardness and anti-wear performance, can effectively reduce the deformation quantity produced in automobile impacting and scraping process；By controlling what is added
Other metals etc. optimize the content of reagent, and more effective structure refinement can be carried out to the aluminium alloy, strengthen the machinery of aluminium alloy
The yield rate of intensity etc., its service life that can simultaneously improve aluminium alloy and aluminium alloy processing.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.It is all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, made any repair
Change, equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of secondary aluminium smelting technology, it is adaptable to the preparation of body of a motor car aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Aluminum strip after pretreatment and technical pure aluminium ingot are melted under conditions of 680 DEG C -760 DEG C, then by the aluminium after melting
Liquid is added in smelting furnace with industrial pure silicon, industrial pure copper, ingot iron, simple metal and rare earth metal, adds nano-carbonate, together
When be passed through inert gas from the bottom of the smelting furnace, be warming up to 1680 DEG C -1800 DEG C until be completely melt, keep 40-
60min, then filters through foamed ceramic filter plate；
Wherein, each composition accounts for the part by weight of total amount of feeding and is respectively：The aluminum strip 16.67%-33.33%, the technical pure
Aluminium 61.25%-74.6%, the industrial pure silicon 2.97%-4.94%, the industrial pure copper 0.97%-1.95%, the industry
Pure iron 0.43%-1.4%, the simple metal 0.17%-0.4%, the rare earth metal 0.04%-0.09%；
By weight percentage, the aluminum strip includes：Magnesium 1.2%, manganese 0.78%, silicon 0.19%, copper 0.14%, iron 0.43%,
Indium 0.03%, balance of aluminium；
The rare earth metal includes that the part by weight for accounting for total amount of feeding is the terbium of 0.01%-0.02%, 0.01%-0.02%
The europium of lutetium, the cerium of 0.01%-0.02% and 0.01%-0.03%；
The simple metal includes simple metal manganese, pure metallic titanium, simple metal cadmium, simple metal strontium and simple metal indium.
2. secondary aluminium smelting technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the simple metal includes accounting for total amount of feeding
Part by weight is the simple metal manganese, the pure metallic titanium of 0.03%-0.08%, the 0.03%- of 0.07%-0.14%
The 0.08% simple metal cadmium, the simple metal strontium of 0.03%-0.08% and the simple metal of 0.01%-0.02%
Indium.
3. secondary aluminium smelting technology according to claim 2, it is characterised in that aluminium liquid is added into the smelting furnace, with 20
DEG C/min to smelting furnace heat up, heat up while sequentially add the pure metallic titanium, the ingot iron, the simple metal
Manganese, the industrial pure silicon, the industrial pure copper, rare earth metal Tb and rare earth metal lutetium, add the simple metal after the completion of intensification
Cadmium, the simple metal strontium, the simple metal indium, rare earth metal cerium and Rare Earth Europium, until being completely melt.
4. secondary aluminium smelting technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the rare earth metal accounts for the weight of total amount of feeding
Amount ratio is 0.05%-0.08%.
5. secondary aluminium smelting technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the nano-carbonate is selected from nano-calcium carbonate
At least one of calcium, nano-calcium carbonate sodium and nanometer zinc carbonate.
6. secondary aluminium smelting technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the aluminum strip is obtained by the following manner：Will
Discarded pop can is broken into the strip aluminum strip of 1cm-5cm；The aluminum strip is carried out into first time separation by pneumatic separator, is isolated
Light impurities；The aluminum strip after first time is separated carries out second separation by magnetic plant, isolates scum, then will
The aluminum strip after separating for second is heated to 80 DEG C -120 DEG C and is rubbed；The aluminum strip after rubbing is added while hot
8-15min is stirred in phenmethylol, acetic acid and terebinthine first mixed liquor, the aluminum strip is taken out and is put into absolute ethyl alcohol and acetic acid second
Stir 5-10min in second mixed liquor of ester, cleaning under 110 DEG C of -125 DEG C of environment after drying 15-20min.
7. secondary aluminium smelting technology according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in first mixed liquor, the benzene first
Alcohol, the acetic acid and the terebinthine volume ratio are 3-8:1-4:1-3.
8. secondary aluminium smelting technology according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described anhydrous in second mixed liquor
The volume ratio of ethanol and the ethyl acetate is 4-10:1-3.
9. secondary aluminium smelting technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by the technical pure aluminium ingot, the industry
Pure silicon, the industrial pure copper, the ingot iron, the simple metal and the rare earth metal add before smelting furnace in 110 DEG C-
115 DEG C dry 1-2h.
10. a kind of secondary aluminium handling process, it is characterised in that including the secondary aluminium smelter described in claim any one of 1-9
Skill.
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