CN106756068B - A method of extracting aluminium from aluminium ash - Google Patents
A method of extracting aluminium from aluminium ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN106756068B CN106756068B CN201611164192.5A CN201611164192A CN106756068B CN 106756068 B CN106756068 B CN 106756068B CN 201611164192 A CN201611164192 A CN 201611164192A CN 106756068 B CN106756068 B CN 106756068B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0038—Obtaining aluminium by other processes
- C22B21/0069—Obtaining aluminium by other processes from scrap, skimmings or any secondary source aluminium, e.g. recovery of alloy constituents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to secondary metal technical fields, and useless miscellaneous aluminium regeneration treatment field, in particular, provide a kind of method for extracting metallic aluminium from a large amount of aluminium ashes generated in miscellaneous aluminium regenerative process of giving up;The process program that the present invention uses for:Using the method processing that lower chloride fused salt is vacuum-treated through hot recovery processing and/or the Quadratic aluminum dust after conventional cold treatment, i.e. using Quadratic aluminum dust as raw material, it is handled through flux, the method that lower chloride extracts metallic aluminium, metallic aluminium is farthest extracted in realization;It is an advantage of the invention that fusion processes operation is simple, low in raw material price is easy to get, and the lower chloride for extracting metallic aluminium can recycle, and not generate the substance for having pollution to environment;Whole process carries out in a vacuum, the purity of product it is high and on environment without influence, the metallic aluminium purity of recycling can reach 99.99%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to secondary metal technical fields, and useless miscellaneous aluminium regeneration treatment field, in particular, provide a kind of from useless
The method that metallic aluminium is extracted in a large amount of aluminium ashes generated in miscellaneous aluminium regenerative process.
Background technology
Aluminium ash(Also known as aluminium slag ash or aluminium slag), it is a kind of dross generated in the production of primary and secondary aluminum i ndustry, in pine
Scattered grey scoriform.The aluminium ash generated in liquid primary aluminum process, typically contains 30 ~ 70% metallic aluminium, commonly referred to as lime
Or one secondary aluminium ash.Waste caused by secondary aluminum i ndustry usually contains 5 ~ 30% metallic aluminium and a large amount of soluble dross, leads to
Frequently referred to grey black.Metallic aluminium mainly exists under the cladding of aluminium oxide and aluminium nitride.Aluminium ash is a kind of environmentally harmful substance,
Environmental pollution can be caused by directly abandoning, and aluminium ash is again a kind of renewable resource with comprehensive utilization value, can therefrom be recycled
The secondary resources such as aluminium, salt and aluminium oxide also can be used as refractory material, road is used and the original of construction material, steel desulfurization agent etc.
Material.
In recent years, metallic aluminium is extracted from aluminium ash increasingly to be paid attention to by domestic and international aluminium manufacturer.Modern aluminium manufacturer is to aluminium ash
Roadmap is nothing more than two kinds, first, recycling metallic aluminium;Second is that producing new value product using aluminium ash, water purification is such as produced
Agent, Brown Alundum etc..The technique of metallic aluminium is recycled in aluminum current ash, and by having, salt is salt-free to be divided into plus salt treatment and without salt treatment.Through routine
After hot stir-fry ash and cold conditions ball milling, screening two methods recycling, the rate of recovery still has 10% left side up to 60 ~ 70% in remaining aluminium ash
Right metallic aluminium.
Present invention is generally directed to it is hot fry ash and subsequent cold conditions ball milling, screening after 20 mesh to 60 mesh and its more than remnants
Aluminium ash, this part aluminium ash are difficult extraction metallic aluminium using conventional method.This part most of aluminium manufacturer of aluminium ash is using the side taken out
Formula processing, economic benefit is low, and environment influences big.With China's expanding economy, the yield of aluminium manufacturer increases, and selection is rationally effective
Recycling extraction aluminium mode, can not only solve the problems, such as the storage of aluminium ash, the economy of bigger can also be brought to its enterprise
Benefit.
It makes a general survey of both at home and abroad, foreign literature report can be extracted using alchlor reaction method from alloy of Al-Si
Fine aluminium, and isolate a large amount of Cu and Fe, Si, Mn, Ni etc..Non-ferrous metal institute of the Soviet Union using the lower chloride way of distillation from
Fine aluminium is extracted in Al-Si alloy.Nineteen thirty-nine Weir Mu has found that love fluoride at a low price, nineteen forty-two watt Ace find low price chlorination
Object and bromide.So far in terms of being applied to refining Al-Si alloys or effective person is low price halogen compounds, especially low price chlorine
Compound.The principle of such method is:The compound of trivalent aluminium is reacted at high temperature with aluminium alloy, and generating has very big volatility
Aluminium, aluminium is decomposed into metallic aluminium and trivalent aluminum compound at low temperature.And other in alloy
Ingredient then seldom plays this reaction.In this way, metallic aluminium is just separated with the other compositions in alloy.But up to now, it does not close
In the report for extracting aluminium from aluminium ash using sub-compound.
Invention content
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of method for further extracting metallic aluminium from Quadratic aluminum dust.
Quadratic aluminum dust of the present invention refers to the aluminium ash generated in aluminum i ndustry production through conventional aluminum recovery process(Such as heat
State fries grey method, cold treatment absorption method etc.)The residual Al ash generated after extraction metallic aluminium.Particularly relate to successively it is grey by hot stir-frys,
Afterwards after cold conditions ball milling, screening, the residual Al ash of obtained 20 mesh to 60 mesh and the above granularity of 60 mesh.This Quadratic aluminum dust is according to mesh
Preceding known conventional recycling processes have been difficult to carry out second extraction.
In order to solve the technical problem, the process program that the present invention uses for:It is vacuum-treated using lower chloride-fused salt
Method processing through hot recovery processing and/or Quadratic aluminum dust after conventional cold treatment.I.e. using Quadratic aluminum dust as raw material, through molten
Metallic aluminium is farthest extracted in the method that agent processing, lower chloride extract metallic aluminium, realization.
Specifically, the method for extracting aluminium from aluminium ash, includes the following steps:
1)Prepare raw material, to fry ash and Quadratic aluminum dusts more than 60 mesh after cold conditions ball milling, screening through hot;
2)Prepare fused salt, the mass ratio of the mixture of NaCl, KCl and NaF, NaCl, KCl and NaF is 4 ~ 4.5:4~4.5:1
~2;
3)By step 1)In Quadratic aluminum dust be sent into preheating furnace, preheated in preheating furnace, Quadratic aluminum dust be preheating to
300~500 DEG C;
4)By step 2)In fused salt be added in reacting furnace fused salt made to melt;
5)Aluminium ash after preheating is transferred to reacting furnace, locking reaction bell;
6)It vacuumizes in reacting furnace, until when reaction furnace pressure is up to 10~70Pa and temperature up to 700~1200 DEG C, leads to
Enter AlCl3Gas;AlCl3Intense reaction is played with Al, generates AlCl;
7)Volatile matter AlCl enters low temperature chamber, and temperature is 400-500 DEG C;AlCl resolves into AlCl in low temperature chamber3And Al.
Obtained metal aluminum portions, which return in secondary aluminium melting furnace, to be melted, and AlCl3Gas can return to follow
Ring uses, and AlCl is recycled after the processing that can also cool down3Solid.
Step 3 in the present invention)With 4)Sequence can optimize determination according to the respective required time.
This method equipment therefor is made of pyroreaction room, low temperature depositing room and vacuum system and heating system etc..It is whole
Under vacuum, aluminium ash is in molten flux a process, and metallic aluminum surface Al2O3 films are dissolved by fused salt, metallic aluminium exposure
Outside, melt is escaped after generating lower chloride with high price chloride haptoreaction, the lower chloride of effusion enters low temperature chamber
After resolve into high price gaseous chloride and metallic aluminium is deposited in graphite or aluminium oxide charging tray.
The invention has the advantages that.
It is an advantage of the invention that fusion processes operation is simple, low in raw material price is easy to get, the low price for extracting metallic aluminium
Chloride can recycle, and not generate the substance for having pollution to environment.Whole process carries out in a vacuum, and the purity of product is high
And on environment without influence.
Present method avoids the uses of carbon thermal reduction, will not have an impact metallic aluminium quality during the reaction
Al4C3, the metallic aluminium of high-quality high-purity can be obtained.The metallic aluminium purity of the method according to the invention recycling can reach
99.99%。
Present invention application lower chloride-fused salt is vacuum-treated the aluminium ash of 60 mesh or more, realizes farthest extraction gold
Belong to aluminium.The technique blank of the type aluminium ash processing is filled up.The characteristics of present invention process is:1. fixed aluminium chloride rises at 183 DEG C
China, therefore gas AlCl3It is easy to produce;2. the generation temperature of lower chloride is low;3. what is decomposited within the condenser is
The AlCl of liquid A l and gaseous state3, Al is densely condensed out, and gas AlCl3After being opened with Al points, it is possible to recycle
It uses;4. it is few to consume energy, often recycles one kilogram of aluminium and need energy less than two degrees electricity.Raw material is handled through flux, low price chlorination
Object extracts metallic aluminium, and entire technical process is safely controllable, easy to operate, and required equipment is simple, environmentally friendly, and metal is received
Rate is high.The method applies also for the new method aluminium metallurgy such as the aluminium metallurgy of regeneration blast furnace, electric furnace aluminium metallurgy and obtains the aluminium in aluminium ash.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A method of it extracting aluminium from aluminium ash, includes the following steps:
1)Prepare raw material, to fry ash and Quadratic aluminum dusts more than 60 mesh after cold conditions ball milling, screening through hot;
2)Prepare fused salt, the mass ratio of the mixture of NaCl, KCl and NaF, NaCl, KCl and NaF is 4.2:4.2:1.6;
3)By step 1)In Quadratic aluminum dust be sent into preheating furnace, preheated in preheating furnace, Quadratic aluminum dust be preheating to
400 DEG C, preheating time 30min;
4)By step 2)In fused salt be added in reacting furnace fused salt made to melt;
5)Aluminium ash after preheating is transferred to reacting furnace, locking reaction bell;
6)It is vacuumized in reacting furnace, until when reaction furnace pressure is up to 10Pa and temperature up to 700 DEG C, is passed through AlCl3Gas
Body;AlCl3Reacting for fierceness is played with Al, generates AlCl;
7)Volatile matter AlCl enters low temperature chamber, and temperature is 300 DEG C;AlCl resolves into AlCl in low temperature chamber3And Al.
Embodiment 2
A method of it extracting aluminium from aluminium ash, includes the following steps:
1)Prepare raw material, to fry ash and Quadratic aluminum dusts more than 60 mesh after cold conditions ball milling, screening through hot;
2)Prepare fused salt, the mass ratio of the mixture of NaCl, KCl and NaF, NaCl, KCl and NaF is 4.5:4.5:1;
3)By step 1)In Quadratic aluminum dust be sent into preheating furnace, preheated in preheating furnace, Quadratic aluminum dust be preheating to
500 DEG C, preheating time 120min;
4)By step 2)In fused salt be added in reacting furnace fused salt made to melt;
5)Aluminium ash after preheating is transferred to high temperature reaction stove, locking reaction bell;
6)It is vacuumized in reacting furnace, until when reaction furnace pressure is up to 50Pa and temperature up to 900 DEG C, is passed through AlCl3Gas
Body;AlCl3Reacting for fierceness is played with Al, generates AlCl;
7)Volatile matter AlCl enters low temperature chamber, and temperature is 500 DEG C;AlCl resolves into AlCl in low temperature chamber3And Al.
Embodiment 3
A method of it extracting aluminium from aluminium ash, includes the following steps:
1)Prepare raw material, to fry ash and Quadratic aluminum dusts more than 60 mesh after cold conditions ball milling, screening through hot;
2)Prepare fused salt, the mass ratio of the mixture of NaCl, KCl and NaF, NaCl, KCl and NaF is 4:4:2;
3)By step 1)In Quadratic aluminum dust be sent into preheating furnace, preheated in preheating furnace, Quadratic aluminum dust be preheating to
300 DEG C, preheating time 60min;
4)By step 2)In fused salt be added in reacting furnace fused salt made to melt;
5)Aluminium ash after preheating is transferred to high temperature reaction stove, locking reaction bell;
6)It is vacuumized in reacting furnace, until when reaction furnace pressure is up to 70Pa and temperature up to 1000 DEG C, is passed through AlCl3Gas
Body;AlCl3Reacting for fierceness is played with Al, generates AlCl;
7)Volatile matter AlCl enters low temperature chamber, and temperature is 450 DEG C;AlCl resolves into AlCl in low temperature chamber3And Al.
Embodiment 4
A method of it extracting aluminium from aluminium ash, includes the following steps:
1)Prepare raw material, to fry ash and Quadratic aluminum dusts more than 60 mesh after cold conditions ball milling, screening through hot;
2)Prepare fused salt, the mass ratio of the mixture of NaCl, KCl and NaF, NaCl, KCl and NaF is 4:4:2;
3)By step 1)In Quadratic aluminum dust be sent into preheating furnace, preheated in preheating furnace, Quadratic aluminum dust be preheating to
470 DEG C, preheating time 80min;
4)By step 2)In fused salt be added in reacting furnace fused salt made to melt;
5)Aluminium ash after preheating is transferred to high temperature reaction stove, locking reaction bell;
6)It is vacuumized in reacting furnace, until when reaction furnace pressure is up to 20Pa and temperature up to 1100 DEG C, is passed through AlCl3Gas
Body;AlCl3Reacting for fierceness is played with Al, generates AlCl;
7)Volatile matter AlCl enters low temperature chamber, and temperature is 500 DEG C;AlCl resolves into AlCl in low temperature chamber3And Al.
Embodiment 5
A method of it extracting aluminium from aluminium ash, includes the following steps:
1)Prepare raw material, to fry ash and Quadratic aluminum dusts more than 60 mesh after cold conditions ball milling, screening through hot;
2)Prepare fused salt, the mass ratio of the mixture of NaCl, KCl and NaF, NaCl, KCl and NaF is 4.5:4.5:1;
3)By step 1)In Quadratic aluminum dust be sent into preheating furnace, preheated in preheating furnace, Quadratic aluminum dust be preheating to
300 DEG C, preheating time 60min;
4)By step 2)In fused salt be added in reacting furnace fused salt made to melt;
5)Aluminium ash after preheating is transferred to high temperature reaction stove, locking reaction bell;
6)It is vacuumized in reacting furnace, until when reaction furnace pressure is up to 60Pa and temperature up to 900 DEG C, is passed through AlCl3Gas
Body;AlCl3Reacting for fierceness is played with Al, generates AlCl;
7)Volatile matter AlCl enters low temperature chamber, and temperature is 400 DEG C;AlCl resolves into AlCl in low temperature chamber3And Al.
Embodiment 6
A method of it extracting aluminium from aluminium ash, includes the following steps:
1)Prepare raw material, to fry ash and Quadratic aluminum dusts more than 60 mesh after cold conditions ball milling, screening through hot;
2)Prepare fused salt, the mass ratio of the mixture of NaCl, KCl and NaF, NaCl, KCl and NaF is 4:4:2;
3)By step 1)In Quadratic aluminum dust be sent into preheating furnace, preheated in preheating furnace, Quadratic aluminum dust be preheating to
500 DEG C, preheating time 100min;
4)By step 2)In fused salt be added in reacting furnace fused salt made to melt;
5)Aluminium ash after preheating is transferred to high temperature reaction stove, locking reaction bell;
6)It is vacuumized in reacting furnace, until when reaction furnace pressure is up to 40Pa and temperature up to 750 DEG C, is passed through AlCl3Gas
Body;AlCl3Reacting for fierceness is played with Al, generates AlCl;
7)Volatile matter AlCl enters low temperature chamber, and temperature is 350 DEG C;AlCl resolves into AlCl in low temperature chamber3And Al.
Embodiment 7
A method of it extracting aluminium from aluminium ash, includes the following steps:
1)Prepare raw material, to fry ash and Quadratic aluminum dusts more than 60 mesh after cold conditions ball milling, screening through hot;
2)Prepare fused salt, the mass ratio of the mixture of NaCl, KCl and NaF, NaCl, KCl and NaF is 4.5:4.5:1;
3)By step 1)In Quadratic aluminum dust be sent into preheating furnace, preheated in preheating furnace, Quadratic aluminum dust be preheating to
450 DEG C, preheating time 60min;
4)By step 2)In fused salt be added in reacting furnace fused salt made to melt;
5)Aluminium ash after preheating is transferred to high temperature reaction stove, locking reaction bell;
6)It is vacuumized in reacting furnace, until when reaction furnace pressure is up to 70Pa and temperature up to 850 DEG C, is passed through AlCl3Gas
Body;AlCl3Reacting for fierceness is played with Al, generates AlCl;
7)Volatile matter AlCl enters low temperature chamber, and temperature is 300 DEG C;AlCl resolves into AlCl in low temperature chamber3And Al.
The present invention can be summarized with others without prejudice to the concrete form of the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.Therefore, nothing
By from the point of view of which point, the embodiment above of the invention can only all be considered the description of the invention and cannot limit invention,
Claims indicate the scope of the present invention, and above-mentioned explanation does not point out the scope of the present invention, therefore, with the present invention
The comparable meaning and scope of claims in any variation, be all considered as being included within the scope of the claims.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method for extracting aluminium in ash from aluminium, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
1)Prepare raw material, to fry ash and Quadratic aluminum dusts more than 60 mesh after cold conditions ball milling, screening through hot;
2)Prepare fused salt, the mass ratio of the mixture of NaCl, KCl and NaF, NaCl, KCl and NaF is 4 ~ 4.5:4~4.5:1~2;
3)By step 1)In Quadratic aluminum dust be sent into preheating furnace, preheated in preheating furnace, Quadratic aluminum dust is preheating to 300~
500℃;
4)By step 2)In fused salt be added in reacting furnace fused salt made to melt;
5)Aluminium ash after preheating is transferred to reacting furnace, locking reaction bell;
6)It vacuumizes in reacting furnace, until when reaction furnace pressure is up to 10~70Pa and temperature up to 700~1200 DEG C, is passed through
AlCl3Gas;AlCl3Intense reaction is played with Al, generates AlCl;
7)Volatile matter AlCl enters low temperature chamber, and temperature is 400-500 DEG C;AlCl resolves into AlCl in low temperature chamber3And Al;
The aluminium ash that the Quadratic aluminum dust generates in being produced for aluminum i ndustry generates residual after conventional aluminum recovery process extracts metallic aluminium
Remaining aluminium ash.
2. the method for extracting aluminium in a kind of ash from aluminium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step 3)Middle preheating is secondary
The time of aluminium ash is 30min ~ 120min.
3. the method for extracting aluminium in a kind of ash from aluminium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step 7)It decomposites
AlCl3Gas circulation uses.
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CN109647853B (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-09-11 | 郑州鸿跃环保科技有限公司 | Aluminum ash harmless recycling comprehensive treatment system and treatment method thereof |
CN112853118A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-05-28 | 中北大学 | Secondary aluminum ash recovery method |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6053959A (en) * | 1997-10-30 | 2000-04-25 | Cargill, Incorporated | Method and composition for aluminum recycle using salt flux |
CN102041391A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-05-04 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for separating and extracting pure aluminium from material containing metallic aluminium |
CN105002365A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-10-28 | 苏州卡迪亚铝业有限公司 | Efficient aluminum ash separating agent |
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6053959A (en) * | 1997-10-30 | 2000-04-25 | Cargill, Incorporated | Method and composition for aluminum recycle using salt flux |
CN102041391A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-05-04 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for separating and extracting pure aluminium from material containing metallic aluminium |
CN105002365A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-10-28 | 苏州卡迪亚铝业有限公司 | Efficient aluminum ash separating agent |
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