CN106754403B - Temperature-sensitive strain for producing polyunsaturated fatty acid and application - Google Patents

Temperature-sensitive strain for producing polyunsaturated fatty acid and application Download PDF

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CN106754403B
CN106754403B CN201611054021.7A CN201611054021A CN106754403B CN 106754403 B CN106754403 B CN 106754403B CN 201611054021 A CN201611054021 A CN 201611054021A CN 106754403 B CN106754403 B CN 106754403B
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刘浩
王海霞
何希宏
孙春杰
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Tianjin University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention provides a temperature-sensitive strain for producing polyunsaturated fatty acid, which has a preservation number of CGMCC 11808, and is identified by 18S rDNA, wherein the strain belongs to the genus Mortierella, is a temperature-sensitive filamentous fungus, has an optimal growth temperature of 25 ℃ and a temperature sensitivity range of 25-28 ℃, and is identified by 18S rDNA, the strain belongs to Mortierella alpina, can grow well at the temperature of 20-25 ℃, and hypha cannot extend normally at the temperature higher than 26 ℃. When the temperature is higher than 27 ℃, the bacterial colony is obviously reduced; when the temperature is higher than 30 ℃, the bacteria do not grow at all. The strain was fermented in a fermentation medium at 25 ℃ and found to produce a variety of unsaturated fatty acids.

Description

Temperature-sensitive strain for producing polyunsaturated fatty acid and application
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of bioengineering, in particular to a temperature-sensitive strain for producing polyunsaturated fatty acid and application thereof.
Background
The appropriate temperature is a condition necessary for the growth of the microorganism, and different temperatures may have some influence on the energy metabolic pathway of the microorganism. The optimal growth temperature varies from microorganism to microorganism, and thus their genetic material varies somewhat. The external temperature of the microorganism also has an effect on the proportion of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in the phospholipids of the microbial cell membrane. When the external environment temperature is reduced, the proportion of unsaturated fatty acid is increased, and the proportion of saturated fatty acid is reduced. Since unsaturated fatty acids contain more double bonds than saturated fatty acids and have a lower melting point, the increase in the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in cell membranes when the external environmental temperature is lowered may have a function of increasing the fluidity of cell membranes, so that the normal physiological function of cell membranes is partially maintained. When the external environment temperature is reduced, the influence on the microorganism is mainly on the protein in the cell, and due to the fact that the strength of the hydrophobic bond of the protein is weakened at low temperature, the three-dimensional structure of the protein in the cell is changed, the action mode or affinity between the protein enzyme and other molecules such as certain reactants is changed, the function and the regulation mode of the protein are different from the normal environment temperature, and the physiological metabolism of the microorganism is influenced to be incapable of normally operating at low temperature.
Temperature sensitive strains are temperature sensitive on the medium, suggesting that changes in temperature may affect the production of certain proteins. Its protein can adopt the correct conformation at normal temperature, and the protein is denatured once the temperature is raised. Moreover, the temperature-sensitive strain, which may have some specific temperature-sensitive elements in its cells, can regulate the expression and termination of some genes. The method has certain significance for the mechanism research of processes such as cell respiration, apoptosis and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a temperature-sensitive strain for producing polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide the use of the above temperature-sensitive strain.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a temperature-sensitive strain for producing polyunsaturated fatty acid has a preservation number of CGMCC 11808.
Preferably, the 18S rDNA sequence of the temperature-sensitive strain for producing the polyunsaturated fatty acid is the sequence shown in the sequence table <400>1, and the strain is Mortierella through 18S rDNA identification.
The temperature-sensitive strain is obtained by sampling from the Tibet snow mountain, primarily screening, separating and purifying the strain, and then screening and analyzing the performance. The strain has different forms and optimal growth temperatures with respect to Mortierella alpina ATCC16266 of strain preservation center.
Preferably, the temperature-sensitive strain for producing polyunsaturated fatty acids is a temperature-sensitive strain, which can normally grow at a temperature of 25 ℃, and has a hypha that can not normally extend at a temperature higher than 26 ℃, a colony morphology that is significantly diminished at a temperature higher than 27 ℃, and does not grow at all at a temperature higher than 30 ℃.
The temperature-sensitive strain for producing the polyunsaturated fatty acid is fermented in a fermentation medium at 25 ℃, and can produce various unsaturated fatty acids through gas chromatography detection.
Preferably, in the application of the temperature-sensitive strain, the unsaturated fatty acid is palmitic acid, heptadecanoic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid or gamma-linolenic acid.
The fermentation method of temperature-sensitive strain for producing polyunsaturated fatty acid comprises inoculating Mortierella alpina strain spores onto PDA plate, culturing at 25 deg.C in dark for 4-5 days, washing the spores, and adjusting the spore concentration to 1 × 105The culture medium is inoculated into a seed culture medium, cultured for 24 hours at 25 ℃ and 200rpm, and inoculated into a fermentation culture medium according to the inoculation amount of 10 percent for fermentation culture for 5 days at 25 ℃ and 200 rpm.
Preferably, in the fermentation method of the temperature-sensitive strain, the seed culture medium comprises in g/L: glucose 30, Yeast extract 6, KH2PO42,MgSO4·7H 20 0.5,NaNO32, sterilizing at 115 deg.C for 20min at pH 6.0.
Preferably, in the fermentation method of the temperature-sensitive strain, the fermentation medium comprises the following components in g/L: glucose 50, Yeast extract 10, KH2PO42,MgSO4·7H201, pH 6.0, sterilizing at 115 ℃ for 20min, and fermenting and culturing under the conditions: fermenting and culturing at 25 deg.C and 200rpm for 5 d.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention obtains a temperature-sensitive strain by carrying out primary screening, separation and strain purification on a soil sample from Tibet snow mountain, and then carrying out screening and performance analysis.
2. The temperature-sensitive strain is screened and found for the first time, so that the research on temperature-sensitive elements possibly existing in the genome of the mortierella alpina becomes possible.
3. The genome of the temperature-sensitive strain screened by the invention may have a temperature-sensitive promoter, so that abundant gene resources are provided for further research in the future.
4. The oil-producing mould mortierella alpina screened by the method can produce various unsaturated fatty acids, and can produce various unsaturated fatty acids in a culture medium taking glucose as a main carbon source.
Preservation information
The classification nouns are: mortierella alpina
The name of the depository: china general microbiological culture Collection center
The address of the depository: xilu No. 1 Hospital No. 3 of Beijing market facing Yang district
The preservation date is as follows: 2015, 12 months and 07 days
The preservation number is as follows: CGMCC 11808
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an agarose gel electrophoresis of the 18S rDNA of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front-to-back morphology of the strain on PDA plates at 25 ℃.
FIG. 3 is a colony morphology chart of the strain on PDA medium at different temperatures and times. The results show that the bacterial strain has large colony morphology at 20-25 ℃, the colony becomes small and the hyphae shrink when the temperature is higher than 26 ℃, and the bacterial strain does not grow at all when the temperature is higher than 28 ℃.
FIG. 4 is a comparison of the colony morphology of the strain S266 and ATCC16266 grown on PDA medium for 5 days at different temperatures. The results showed that ATCC16266 showed little change in colony morphology under different temperature conditions, while the colony morphology of the strains varied greatly.
FIG. 5 is a microscopic morphology of hyphae of the strain with ATCC16266 at 25 ℃ and 30 ℃. FIG. 5A shows the hyphal morphology of S266 grown at 30 ℃ for 3 days; FIG. 5B shows the hyphal morphology of ATCC16266 grown at 30 ℃ for 3 days; FIG. 5C shows the hyphal morphology of S266 grown at 25 ℃ for 3 days; FIG. 5D shows the hyphal morphology of ATCC16266 grown at 25 ℃ for 3 days. The results showed that at 25 ℃ both hyphae extended normally, while at 30 ℃ hyphae of ATCC16266 still grew, and spores of the strain did not germinate.
FIG. 6 shows the gas chromatography detection of polyunsaturated fatty acids produced by fermentation of this strain. Wherein, fig. 6A is a fatty acid methyl ester standard; FIG. 6B is a gas chromatogram of fatty acids contained in the bacterial cells of the present invention; FIG. 6C is a gas chromatogram of fatty acids contained in ATCC 16266. As can be seen by detection, S266 can produce a large amount of palmitic acid, heptadecanoic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid and other fatty acids.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
Screening and identification of temperature-sensitive strain
1. Plate screening
1g of soil sample collected from Tibet snow mountain is put into a test tube filled with 9mL of sterile normal saline, and after sufficient oscillation, the soil sample is diluted to 10 degrees in gradient-5. Because the snowfield is in a high and cold area under natural conditions, the temperature is lower. Coating 0.2mL of the above dilution with each gradient on a PDA plate, and maintaining the temperature at 20 deg.CInverted to grow single colony.
2.18 identification of S rDNA
Synthesizing specific primers of 18S rDNA of the fungus according to the screened strains of the single colony, amplifying DNA, purifying PCR products and sequencing.
Primer sequences used in Table 1
Figure BDA0001162588230000041
The method comprises the following steps:
PCR amplification: PCR amplification was performed using the fungal ITS1/ITS4 universal primers (Table 1).
PCR product purification: and purifying the PCR product.
3. Sequencing: sequencing was performed in both forward and reverse reactions.
The PCR amplification system is 10 × PCR Buffer (containing Mg)2+)2μl,dNTP(2mM)2μl,MgSO40.8. mu.l (25mM), 0.6. mu.l each of the forward primer ITS1 and the reverse primer ITS4, 1. mu.l of template (whole genomic DNA of the selected temperature-sensitive strain), 0.4. mu.l of KOD plus (from TOYOBO Co.) polymerase, and sterile water were added to a final volume of 20. mu.l.
The PCR reaction conditions are as follows: pre-denaturation at 94 ℃ for 2min, denaturation at 94 ℃ for 15s, annealing at 58 ℃ for 30s, extension at 68 ℃ for 50s, reaction for 35 cycles, and extension at 68 ℃ for 10 min.
Through 18S rDNA identification, the strain is Mortierella alpina, the number of the strain is S266, and the sequence of the 18S rDNA is shown as a sequence in a sequence table <400> 1. The strain has differences from the colony morphology of the Mortierella alpina ATCC16266 of a strain preservation center, the optimal growth temperature and the like. The 18S rDNA identification agarose gel electrophoresis picture is shown in figure 1, wherein M is DNAmarker, and 10000,8000,6000,5000,4000,3500,3000,2500,2000,1500,1000,750,500,250bp is formed from top to bottom. 1 and 2 are S266 and ITS1/ITS4 are used as primers for PCR amplification. The 18S rDNA sequence is shown in a sequence table <400> 1.
3. Phenotypic analysis and insert microscopic observation of the strain
1. Phenotypic analysis
The single colony of the obtained strain is inoculated on a PDA plate, and the PDA plate is placed upside down in an incubator at different temperatures to observe the hypha extension state as shown in figures 2-4.
2. Microscopic morphology
Inoculating Mortierella alpina strain on PDA plate, culturing at 25 deg.C in dark for 4-5d, washing spore, slowly adding 10 μ into PDA culture medium with insert, placing in incubator at different temperatures, growing for 2 days, taking out insert, and observing hypha extension state with microscope, as shown in FIG. 5.
Example 2
Analysis of unsaturated fatty acid of Mortierella alpina fermentation product
Inoculating Mortierella alpina strain on PDA plate, culturing at 25 deg.C in dark for 4-5 days, washing spores, and adjusting spore concentration to 1-2 × 105Inoculating/ml into seed culture medium, culturing at 25 deg.C and 200rpm for 24 hr, inoculating into fermentation culture medium at 25 deg.C and 200rpm according to 1% inoculum size, and fermenting for 5 d. After the fermentation is finished, the thalli are collected by vacuum filtration and dried to constant weight at 50 ℃.
The formula of the culture medium is as follows:
the seed culture medium comprises the following components in g/L: 30g of glucose, 6g of yeast extract and KH2PO42g,MgSO4·7H 20 0.5g,NaNO32g, and the balance of distilled water, wherein the pH value is 6.0, and the mixture is sterilized at 115 ℃ for 20 min.
The fermentation medium comprises the following components in g/L: 50g of glucose, 10g of yeast extract and KH2PO42g,MgSO4·7H201g, and the balance of distilled water, pH 6.0, sterilized at 115 ℃ for 20 min. Wherein the glucose is prepared into 50%, and sterilized at 115 deg.C for 20 min.
The sample treatment method is as follows:
taking 0.1g dry thallus, and extracting oil
⑴ the cells were resuspended by vigorous shaking by adding 2mL of concentrated HCl, and the wet cells were transferred to a stoppered tube and shaken vigorously for 1 min.
⑵ 70 deg.C for 1-1.5h until the thallus is completely dissolved (can be vigorously shaken and mixed for 1 time every 15 min).
⑶ Add 1.5mL of 10% methanolic hydrochloric acid and shake vigorously for 1 min.
Esterifying at ⑷ 62 deg.C for 2h, cooling, adding 3mL n-hexane, and vigorously shaking for 1 min.
⑸ 4 deg.C, 6000r/min for 5 min.
⑹ the upper layer was drawn up and filtered through a 0.22 organic filter into a sample vial.
⑺ the fatty acid methyl esters were immediately analyzed by gas chromatography.
Gas chromatography conditions:
a gas chromatograph is matched with a hydrogen flame ion detector FID and a gas chromatographic column (TR-Was MS, 30m × 0.25.25 mm × 0.25.25 mu m), carrier gas is nitrogen, fuel gas is hydrogen, the pressure of the front column is 14.543Pa, the flow rate of the column is 1mL/min, the flow split ratio is 50:1, the temperature raising procedure is that the initial temperature is maintained at 120 ℃ for 5min, the temperature is raised to 200 ℃ at 10 ℃/min for 5min, then the temperature is raised to 230 ℃ at 3 ℃/min, the total time is 38min, the injection inlet temperature is 250 ℃, the detector temperature is 260 ℃, and the sample injection amount is 1 mu l, as shown in a figure 6, the detection shows that a temperature sensitive promoter can also exist in the genome of the strain, the strain is a strain sensitive to the temperature of the polyunsaturated fatty acid, and can produce a large amount of palmitic acid, heptadecanoic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid and other fatty acid.
The above reference examples are detailed descriptions of the screening and identification of the temperature sensitive strain, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and several examples may be cited within the limits thereof, so that variations and modifications without departing from the general concept of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
<110> Tianjin science and technology university
<120> temperature-sensitive strain for producing polyunsaturated fatty acid and application thereof
<130>2016
<150>2015108619635
<151>2015-11-30
<160>1
<170>PatentIn version 3.3
<210>1
<211>682
<212>DNA
<213> spores of mortierella alpina strain
<220>
<221>18S rDNA sequence
<222>(1)..(682)
<400>1
tcctccgctt attgatatgc ttaagttcag cgggtagtct tacttgattt gagatcgagt 60
ttacaaagtc agccgcgaag ctgtctctgt gaatcctgca tcagtcagca caagaactca 120
tctcctttat gttagctgca gcaaaggtaa taatctgttt tttaggcaga ctaaatagat 180
atgcttatag ctcagagaaa agtccagctg cacctgcatt tcaagtgacc cgccactttt 240
cagtgaagaa aagtgttggg atcactcaag tccagctccc tcatttcaaa aaagaaaaaa 300
gggagttgag gtgtttactg atactcaaac aagcatgctc tccggaatac cagagagcgc 360
aatatgcgtt caaagattcg atgattcact gaattctgca attcacatta cgtatcgcat 420
ttcgctgcgt tcttcatcga tgcgagagcc aagagatccg ttgttgaaag ttgtattttg 480
aattaagtta ttcataatat ttttcagaca aaatcactaa agttctgagt agatataaat 540
cccaaaggtg accaaacggg cttttgacag ccagctggcc tccagtgaga tgacattgca 600
cacaaggtgg atatggattt ttttaaaagt gccataaaaa cactttgatt atgaatgatc 660
cttccgcagg ttcacctacg ga 682

Claims (3)

1. A temperature-sensitive strain for producing polyunsaturated fatty acids is characterized in that: is Mortierella alpina with a preservation number of CGMCC 11808, the preservation unit is the China general microbiological culture Collection center, and the preservation unit address is as follows: west road No. 1 hospital No. 3, north jing, chaoyang district, preservation date: year 2015, 12 months and 07 days.
2. Use of a temperature-sensitive strain for the production of polyunsaturated fatty acids according to claim 1, characterized in that: the strain is fermented in a fermentation medium at 25 ℃ for producing various unsaturated fatty acids.
3. Use of a temperature-sensitive strain according to claim 2, characterized in that: the unsaturated fatty acid is palmitic acid, heptadecanoic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid or gamma-linolenic acid.
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Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
3株被孢霉的鉴定及其生物学特性研究;张俊忠等;《西南林业大学学报》;20121031;第32卷(第5期);第58-61页 *
Fungal mycelia as a novel source of eicosapentaenoic acid: Activation of enzyme(s) involved in eicosapentaenoic acid production at low temperature;SHIMIZU S等;《BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS》;19880115;第150卷(第1期);第335-341页 *
Isolating Mortierella alpina strains of high yield of arachidonic acid;Zhu M等;《LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY》;20040811;第39卷(第4期);第332-335页 *
花生四烯酸高产菌株的选育与发酵工艺优化研究;王婷婷;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 基础科学辑》;20131215(第S1期);第A006-100页 *

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