CN106753484B - An improved reactor device for biomass microwave pyrolysis - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an improved biomass microwave pyrolysis reactor device, which includes a retractable microwave reaction box and a reactor transversely arranged in the microwave reaction box. There is a gap between the microwave reaction box and the microwave generator. Connected through waveguides; the reactor includes a detachable exhaust section and a reaction section, and the reaction section and the exhaust section are respectively horizontally provided with air inlet pipes and exhaust pipes extending to the outside of the microwave reaction box, and the A number of temperature measuring tubes equipped with infrared and thermocouple thermometers are extended in the middle of the reaction section, and quartz plates are arranged horizontally in the reaction section. The invention has the advantages of simple and reliable operation and good pyrolysis effect, and can be used as a microwave pyrolysis biomass reaction vessel to achieve smooth and effective implementation of microwave pyrolysis.

Description

An improved reactor device for biomass microwave pyrolysis

Technical field

The invention relates to microwave pyrolysis biomass equipment, and in particular to an improved biomass microwave pyrolysis reactor device.

Background technique

Biomass energy uses biomass as a carrier to store solar energy in the form of chemical energy in biomass. It has the advantages of wide distribution, renewable, and low cost. Using pyrolysis conversion technology, biomass energy can be converted into liquid fuels (biodiesel, biocrude oil, methanol, ethanol, vegetable oil, etc.), heat, electricity, gaseous fuels (hydrogen, biomass gas, biogas, etc.) and solid fuels (charcoal or pellet fuel), etc., their development and utilization are gradually attracting people's attention, and are likely to become an important part of sustainable energy systems in the future.

Microwaves are high-frequency electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 300MHZ~300GHZ and a wavelength of 1mm~1m. Microwave heating is the use of substances under the action of high-frequency transformed microwave energy fields. The movement of molecules changes from the original chaotic state to orderly high-frequency vibration. The kinetic energy of molecules is converted into thermal energy to achieve uniform heating. Microwave pyrolysis is proposed and developed on the basis of traditional pyrolysis and combined with microwave heating technology. Compared with conventional pyrolysis technology, it has the following advantages: microwaves directly act on material molecules or atoms, with fast heating speed and high efficiency; Uniform, small thermal inertia, easy to control; good penetration, can directly pyrolyze large-sized materials, eliminating the need for pre-treatment of materials; all pyrolysis products can be captured and utilized, and the product characteristics are better than conventional thermal untie.

Many scholars at home and abroad have used microwaves to study the pyrolysis characteristics of biofuels produced from biomass. Microwave pyrolysis is different from conventional pyrolysis. It requires reaction vessels, supports, etc. to not absorb or absorb less microwaves and to be resistant to high temperatures. In addition, ventilation, exhaust, collection of bio-oil, pyrolysis gas, and temperature measurement must be achieved during the experiment. Therefore, the material reaction vessels used in most experiments are three-necked quartz flasks; the vent pipes and exhaust pipes in the microwave reaction system are also made of quartz; the plugs of the connection interfaces of the three-necked quartz flasks are made of high-temperature resistant silicone plugs, and the bottom supports are Use thermal insulation cotton, ceramic, corundum cups. However, the three-neck quartz flask has several shortcomings: it is cumbersome to pick up and place materials, it is difficult to clean the residue, and the materials tend to agglomerate at the thermocouple during the reaction, making it difficult to complete it completely and quickly. Therefore, it is necessary to design an improved reactor device suitable for microwave pyrolysis of biomass.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the existing devices and provide an improved biomass microwave pyrolysis reactor device with convenient material access, sufficient reaction, and simple experimental operation.

The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

An improved biomass microwave pyrolysis reactor device, including a retractable microwave reaction box and a reactor transversely arranged in the microwave reaction box. The microwave reaction box and the microwave generator are connected through a waveguide; The reactor includes a detachable exhaust section and a reaction section. The reaction section and the exhaust section are respectively horizontally provided with air inlet pipes and exhaust pipes extending to the outside of the microwave reaction box. The middle part of the reaction section extends There are a number of temperature measuring tubes equipped with infrared and thermocouple thermometers, and quartz plates are arranged horizontally in the reaction section.

Further, the exhaust section and the reaction section are respectively provided with exhaust section grinding ports and reaction section grinding holes for connection. The exhaust section is larger than the diameter of the reaction section, so that the exhaust section wraps the reaction section during connection. , to avoid the bio-oil produced from sticking to the connection between the two.

Further, the reaction section and the intake pipe are an integrated structure, and the exhaust section and the exhaust pipe are an integrated mechanism.

Further, the axes of the intake pipe and the exhaust pipe are located on the same horizontal line.

Further, the temperature measuring tube, air inlet pipe and exhaust pipe are provided with grinding openings to ensure the air tightness of the device.

Further, the microwave reaction box includes a box and a box door that are sealingly connected by flanges and bolts, and the air inlet pipe and exhaust pipe extend to the left and right sides of the box.

Further, the left and right sides of the box are respectively provided with an air inlet pipe channel and an exhaust pipe channel for the air inlet pipe and the exhaust pipe to pass through, and a temperature measuring pipe channel is extended in the middle of the box body for temperature measurement. The pipe passes through, and a temperature measuring tube channel seal extending in the middle of the door is provided with a temperature measuring tube channel seal that is sealingly pressed with the temperature measuring tube channel.

Further, a sealing gasket is provided at the connection between the box body and the door. The sealing gasket has a flexible thermal insulation gasket inside and a wrapping mesh component outside.

Further, the flexible insulation gasket is a rubber asbestos gasket, and the wrapping mesh member is a metal mesh. The rubber asbestos gasket can withstand higher temperatures, and the outer mesh is a wire mesh. After the flange is tightened by bolts, close contact can be achieved between the box and the door to prevent microwave leakage.

Furthermore, each of the temperature measuring tubes is located on the vertical symmetry plane of the reactor, so that the distance between the two temperature measuring points and the microwave generation point is the same, ensuring that the measured temperatures are comparable.

The pyrolysis reaction of the present invention includes the following: the biomass laid flat on the quartz plate is heated and pyrolyzed under the action of microwaves, and the high-temperature bio-oil gas generated is taken away by the nitrogen introduced from both ends and enters the condensation system.

Compared with existing devices, the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) This biomass microwave pyrolysis improved reactor device aims at simple and accurate experiments. By changing the vertical exhaust pipe to a horizontal direction, the generated bio-oil gas does not have to overcome the effects of rising gravity and other factors, preventing the bio-oil from Condensation reflux affects the determination of bio-oil quality; the length of the exhaust pipe is shortened, the gas stroke in the pipe is reduced, and the direct condensation time in the pipe is reduced, creating conditions for the bio-oil to fully condense at the condensation pipe;

(2) The reaction box opens and closes up and down. Compared with previous boxes, the operating space is larger, making it easier to pick up and place the reactor during experiments;

(3) The reactor components are connected by grinding joints to facilitate assembly and disassembly before and after the experiment. The grinding joints are frosted to ensure the airtightness of the device. The diameter of the exhaust pipe is slightly larger than that of the reaction tube to prevent the bio-oil produced from sticking to the grinding mouth. A quartz plate is used as the reaction load-bearing surface in the middle, making it easy to pick up and place materials. Each reaction element is concentrated in the reaction box, which has a compact structure, easy operation and flexible use, and is suitable for use in scientific research laboratories;

(4) The material is laid flat on the quartz plate, and the thermocouple probe does not go deep into the material to prevent the middle material from agglomerating due to microwave accumulation at the tip and the outer ring material not fully reacting; the infrared temperature measurement port and the thermocouple are on the same vertical plane , the temperatures are comparable.

Based on the above, the present invention has the advantages of simple and reliable operation and good pyrolysis effect, and can be used as a microwave pyrolysis biomass reaction vessel to achieve smooth and effective implementation.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic front view of a reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic left view of the reactor according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the microwave reaction box according to the embodiment of the present invention.

In the picture: 1-exhaust pipe; 2-exhaust section; 3-exhaust section grinding; 4-reaction section grinding; 5-temperature measuring tube; 6-reaction section; 7-inlet pipe; 8-box door ; 9-Box body; 10-Side temperature pipe channel seal; 11-Side temperature pipe channel; 12-Sealing gasket; 13-Wrapping mesh parts; 14-Inlet pipe channel.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

Example

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, an improved biomass microwave pyrolysis reactor device includes a retractable microwave reaction box and a reactor transversely arranged in the microwave reaction box. The microwave reaction box It is connected to the microwave generator through a waveguide.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the reactor includes a detachable exhaust section 2 and a reaction section 6. The reaction section 6 and the exhaust section 2 are respectively disposed horizontally with an exhaust section extending outside the microwave reaction box. The intake pipe 7 and the exhaust pipe 1, the reaction section 6 and the intake pipe 7 are an integrated structure, the exhaust section 2 and the exhaust pipe 1 are an integrated structure, at the same time, the intake pipe 7 and the exhaust The axis of tube 2 is located on the same horizontal line. A number of temperature measuring tubes 5 equipped with infrared and thermocouple thermometers are extended in the middle of the reaction section 6. A quartz plate is horizontally arranged in the reaction section 6. In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the reaction section 6 is 200mm. The outer diameter of the intake pipe 7 and the exhaust pipe 1 is 10mm and the length is 110mm. The diameter of the temperature measuring pipe 5 is 10mm and the length is 90mm.

Each of the temperature measuring tubes 5 is located on the vertical symmetry plane of the reactor, so that the distance between the two temperature measuring points and the microwave generation point is the same, ensuring that the measured temperatures are comparable.

The exhaust section 2 and the reaction section 6 are respectively provided with an exhaust section grinding opening 3 and a reaction section grinding opening 4 for connection. The width of the exhaust section grinding opening 3 and the reaction section grinding opening 4 is 40mm. The gas section 2 is larger than the diameter of the reaction section 6, so that the exhaust section 2 wraps the reaction section when connected to prevent the bio-oil produced from sticking to the connection between the two.

The temperature measuring pipe 5, the air inlet pipe 7 and the exhaust pipe 1 are provided with ground openings to ensure the air tightness of the device.

As shown in Figure 3, the microwave reaction box includes a box 9 and a box door 8 that are sealedly connected by flanges and bolts. The left and right sides of the box 9 are respectively provided with air inlet pipes 7 and exhaust pipes. The air inlet pipe 7 and the exhaust pipe 1 extend to the left and right sides of the box 9, and a temperature measuring tube channel 11 extends from the middle of the box 9 , a temperature measuring tube channel seal 10 extending in the middle of the door 8 is sealed and pressed with the temperature measuring tube channel 11 .

A sealing gasket is provided at the connection between the box body 9 and the door 8. The inner part of the sealing gasket is a flexible sealing gasket 12. The flexible sealing gasket 12 is made of rubber asbestos gasket, and the outer part is a wrapped mesh. Part 13, the wrapping mesh part 13 is a metal mesh. The rubber asbestos gasket can withstand higher temperatures, and the outer mesh is a wire mesh. After the flange is tightened by bolts, the box 9 and the door 8 can be in close contact to prevent microwave leakage.

The reaction process of this embodiment is as follows:

Before the experiment, nitrogen gas was introduced from the air inlet pipe 7 to form an oxygen-deficient atmosphere. A certain amount of biomass was evenly spread on the quartz plate stuck horizontally in the reactor. After checking the air tightness of the device, the microwave generator was turned on. The biomass was in the microwave It heats up and pyrolyzes under the action of energy, and the bio-oil produced by the reaction is taken out of the exhaust pipe 1 by nitrogen and enters the condensation system.

The implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent substitutions and are included in within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. An improved biomass microwave pyrolysis reactor device, characterized in that: it includes a retractable microwave reaction box and a reactor transversely arranged in the microwave reaction box. The microwave reaction box is connected to the microwave generator. The reactors are connected through waveguides; the reactor includes a detachable exhaust section (2) and a reaction section (6), and the reaction section (6) and the exhaust section (2) are respectively arranged horizontally with a microwave extending to There is an air inlet pipe (7) and an exhaust pipe (1) outside the reaction box. A number of temperature measuring pipes (5) equipped with infrared and thermocouple thermometers are extended in the middle of the reaction section (6). A quartz plate is arranged horizontally in the section (6); the reaction section (6) and the air inlet pipe (7) are an integrated structure, and the exhaust section (2) and the exhaust pipe (1) are an integrated mechanism; The microwave reaction box includes a box (9) and a box door (8) that are sealed up and down through flanges and bolts, and the air inlet pipe (7) and exhaust pipe (1) extend to the box ( 9) left and right sides; each of the temperature measuring tubes (5) is located on the vertical symmetry plane of the reactor; the left and right sides of the box (9) are respectively provided with air inlet pipes (7) and exhaust pipes. The air inlet pipe channel (14) and the exhaust pipe channel pass through the air pipe (1). A temperature measuring pipe channel (11) is extended in the middle of the box (9), and a temperature measuring pipe channel (11) is extended in the middle of the box door (8). The temperature measuring tube channel seal (10) is sealed and pressed with the temperature measuring tube channel (11); a sealing gasket is provided at the connection between the box (9) and the box door (8), and the seal The inside of the gasket is a flexible thermal insulation gasket, and the outside is a wrapped mesh component (13); The exhaust section (2) and the reaction section (6) are respectively provided with exhaust section grinding openings (3) and reaction section grinding openings (4) for connection. The exhaust section (2) is larger than the reaction section (4). 6) diameter; the nozzles of the temperature measuring tube (5), air inlet pipe (7) and exhaust pipe (1) are provided with ground openings. 2. The biomass microwave pyrolysis improved reactor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the axes of the air inlet pipe (7) and the exhaust pipe (1) are located on the same horizontal line. 3. The biomass microwave pyrolysis improved reactor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flexible insulation gasket is a rubber asbestos gasket, and the wrapping mesh member (13) is a metal mesh.