CN106751611A - A kind of high fondant-strength expanded polylactic acid is resin dedicated and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of high fondant-strength expanded polylactic acid is resin dedicated and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106751611A CN106751611A CN201611125801.6A CN201611125801A CN106751611A CN 106751611 A CN106751611 A CN 106751611A CN 201611125801 A CN201611125801 A CN 201611125801A CN 106751611 A CN106751611 A CN 106751611A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/14—Applications used for foams
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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Abstract
It is resin dedicated and preparation method thereof the present invention relates to a kind of high fondant-strength expanded polylactic acid, belong to technical field of macromolecules.It is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight:60 95 parts of PLA, 1 20 parts of biodegradable copolymer, 0.1 1 parts of chain extender, 15 parts of melt reinforcing agent, 0.1 5 parts of nucleator, 0.5 2 parts of lubricant.Advantage and effect:By improving melt strength, the enhancing PLA of PLA to C02Adsorption capacity strengthen the foam performance of PLA.The device of use is device general in the art, such as double screw extruder, crystallizing and drying agent, plastic extrusion foaming machine, easy to operate in process, easily controllable, be conducive to industrializing implementation, with economic benefit very high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of macromolecules, a kind of expanded polylactic acid resin and preparation method thereof is referred in particular to, applied
In by supercritical CO2For the expanded polylactic acid sheet material field that foaming agent, extrusion foaming are processed.
Background technology
Foamed plastics has many excellent performances such as light weight, impact strength are high, specific strength is high, sound deadener/insulator is good,
Through being widely used in the departments such as packaging, building and transport.Traditional foamed plastics such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP),
Polystyrene (PS) etc. is that, with non-renewable petroleum resources as raw material, being placed in after use in natural environment to decompose, and burn
In gas after burning treatment containing the noxious material such as substantial amounts of nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus, halogen, severe contamination it is for the survival of mankind from
Right environment.
Novel environment-friendlymaterial material PLA (PLA), also known as polylactide, is a kind of macromolecular material of good performance, with life
Biodegradable and biocompatibility.PLA be by the natural reproducible resources such as wheat, corn, grain straw be Raw material processing
It is made, the final product of decomposition is water and carbon dioxide, will not produce pollution to environment.
Expanded polylactic acid product can apply to buffering package, disposable lunch-box, instant noodle box, pallet, hamburger box, coffee
Coffee cup etc., is the ideal material for substituting PS foamed products and pulp product.
Although PLA has mechanical strength higher, bending modulus is more than polystyrene, and flavor barrier is excellent, heat-insulated
Property it is good, but PLA fragility is larger, shock resistance is poor, be heated easily decompose, and single polylactic acid foam hair
Bubble rate is relatively low or individual blisters form is bad, and shaping is more difficult, and cost is also higher.
Melt strength is the Important Property Parameters for influenceing polymer expandable.Refer to that polymer is supported in the molten state
The ability of sole mass.Macromolecule melt intensity (MeltStrength), otherwise referred to as melt elasticity (Melt
Elasticity), it is about measuring to macromolecule melting elongational viscosity (Elongational Viscosity) in engineering, its
With high molecular molecular weight (MW), molecular weight distribution (MWD), branch chain (Branching) is how many/length etc. is relevant.Return root in fact
The knot base of a fruit is exactly to depend on degree of entanglement (the Degree of Polymer Chain Entanglement under macromolecule molten condition
At MelT), degree of entanglement is high, and melt strength is just high.So can be improved by being branched or being crosslinked (Cross-linking)
Macromolecule melt intensity.
In general, melt strength product high is relatively adapted to extrusion, and the low product of melt strength is relatively adapted to injection;It is molten
Body intensity and melt index are numerically into rightabout, that is to say, that melt strength is higher, and melt index is lower.
The difficult point of expanded polylactic acid is that its melt strength is low, is difficult to wrap bubble and send out when foaming product is prepared
Raw melt fracture simultaneously steeps and the phenomenon such as collapses.Thus how to improve the difficulty that melt strength is the excellent foaming product of processability
Point.
The content of the invention
It is resin dedicated and preparation method thereof that the present invention provides a kind of high fondant-strength expanded polylactic acid, is melted with solving PLA
The problem of body low intensity.
The present invention is adopted the technical scheme that, is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
PLA 60-95 parts, biodegradable copolymer 1-20 parts, chain extender 0.1-1 parts, 1-5 parts of melt reinforcing agent, into
0.1-5 parts, lubricant 0.5-2 parts of core agent.
PLA of the present invention is mixed type PLA, and PLLA 95.75%, poly- L-lactic acid 4.25% gathers
Lactic acid number-average molecular weight 10~200,000, melt index is 6g/10min.
Biodegradable copolymer of the present invention is:Polycaprolactone (PCL), polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinyl alcohol
(PVA), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), poly butyric ester (PHB), poly butyric valeric acid copolyesters (PHBV), gather oneself two
Acid-terephthalic acid (TPA)-butanediol ester (PBAT), poly butylene succinate (PBS) and carbon dioxide epoxy propane copolymer
(PPC) it is therein one or two.
Chain extender of the present invention is 1-4 butanediols (BD), 1-4 butane diisocyanates (BDI), toluene diisocynate
One kind in ester, hexamethylene-diisocyanate, poly methylene poly phenyl poly isocyanate and methyl diphenylene diisocyanate
Or it is various.
Melt reinforcing agent of the present invention is the PARALOID of Dow ChemicalTMBPMS-250、
PARALOIDTMBPMS-255、PARALOIDTMBPMS-265 it is therein one or two.
Nucleator of the present invention is talcum powder, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, silica, zinc oxide and azo diformazan
One or more in acid amides.
Lubricant of the present invention is glycerin monostearate stearic acid (GMS), calcium stearate, PE waxes one kind therein
Or two kinds.
A kind of resin dedicated preparation method of high fondant-strength expanded polylactic acid of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) it is PLA, biodegradable copolymer, chain extender, melt reinforcing agent, nucleator, mix lubricant is uniform;
(2) obtained mixture in step (1) is added to double screw extruder, extrusion pelletizing obtains polylactic acid modified tree
Fat, through dried process after, obtain expanded polylactic acid resin dedicated;
PLA, biodegradable copolymer be using preceding needing crystallizing and drying in step (1) of the present invention, the weight of its moisture
Percentage composition is within 250ppm.
In step (2) of the present invention, the double-screw extruder screw draw ratio is 52:1, screw speed is 50~250r/
Min, extrusion temperature is 150~210 DEG C.
The present invention has advantages below and effect:
1st, the direct blending and modifying of the inventive method is that can obtain that expanded polylactic acid is resin dedicated, by improving the molten of PLA
Body intensity, enhancing PLA are to C02Adsorption capacity strengthen the foam performance of PLA.The device of use is the art
Interior general device, such as double screw extruder, crystallizing and drying agent, plastic extrusion foaming machine, it is easy to operate in process, easy
In controlling, being conducive to industrializing implementation, with economic benefit very high.
2nd, the present invention adds biodegradable copolymer to improve the elongation at break and impact resistance of PLA;Add molten
Body reinforcing agent can improve the processing characteristics for clear the packaging material such as PLA of thermoforming food containers and its alloy, this
Additive can improve melt elasticity without influenceing the transparency of product, can improve process velocity.
3rd, expanded polylactic acid of the present invention is resin dedicated, and foamed extrusion mechanism obtains foam sheet, with biodegradable, close
The excellent properties such as controllable, intensity high, easy processing, good barrier property are spent, with the foaming and molding and buffering close with polystyrene
Performance, can extensively substitute the expanded materials such as polystyrene, meet fast food hot food and frozen food package it is actually used
It is required that.Foamed extrusion mechanism obtains foam sheet, and the finished product for obtaining is tested by impact strength, elongation at break, expansion ratio,
Formula difference can obtain resistance to different impact strength, the expanded material with different elongation at break and expansion ratio.
Specific embodiment
In the following example:PLA be mixed type PLA, PLLA 95.75%, poly- L-lactic acid 4.25%,
PLA number-average molecular weight 10~200,000, melt index is 6g/10min;
Biodegradable copolymer is:Polycaprolactone (PCL), polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), poly- hydroxyl fat
Fat acid esters (PHA), poly butyric ester (PHB), poly butyric valeric acid copolyesters (PHBV), polyadipate-terephthalic acid (TPA)-
Butanediol ester (PBAT), poly butylene succinate (PBS) and carbon dioxide epoxy propane copolymer (PPC) it is therein a kind of or
Two kinds;
Chain extender is 1-4 butanediols (BD), 1-4 butane diisocyanates (BDI), toluene di-isocyanate(TDI), six methines
One or more in diisocyanate, poly methylene poly phenyl poly isocyanate and methyl diphenylene diisocyanate;
Melt reinforcing agent is the PARALOID of Dow ChemicalTMBPMS-250、PARALOIDTMBPMS-255、
PARALOIDTMBPMS-265 it is therein one or two;
Nucleator is the one kind in talcum powder, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, silica, zinc oxide and azodicarbonamide
Or it is various.
Lubricant be glycerin monostearate stearic acid (GMS), calcium stearate, PE waxes it is therein one or two.
Embodiment 1
It is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
PLA:60 parts,
Biodegradable copolymer:Polyadipate -1 part of terephthalic acid (TPA)-butanediol ester,
Chain extender:0.1 part of 1-4 butanediols,
Melt reinforcing agent:The PARALOID of Dow ChemicalTMBPMS-250,1 part,
Nucleator:0.1 part of talcum powder,
Lubricant:0.5 part of PE waxes;
Comprise the following steps:
(1) it is PLA, biodegradable copolymer, chain extender, melt reinforcing agent, nucleator, mix lubricant is uniform;
Wherein PLA, biodegradable copolymer using crystallizing and drying is preceding needed, by the weight percentage of its moisture in 250ppm
Within;
(2) obtained mixture in step (1) is added to double screw extruder, extrusion pelletizing obtains polylactic acid modified tree
Fat, through dried process after, obtain expanded polylactic acid resin dedicated;
The double-screw extruder screw draw ratio is 52:1, screw speed is 50~250r/min, extrusion warm area control
It is shown in Table 1;
The double screw extruder warm area of table 1 is controlled
Embodiment 2
It is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80 parts of PLA,
Biodegradable copolymer:10 parts of polycaprolactone,
0.5 part of chain extender 1-4 butane diisocyanates,
The PARALOID of melt reinforcing agent Dow ChemicalTMBPMS-255,3 parts,
Nucleator:2.5 parts of calcium carbonate,
Lubricant:1.2 parts of calcium stearate.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
It is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
95 parts of PLA,
Biodegradable copolymer:20 parts of polyethylene glycol,
Chain extender:1 part of toluene di-isocyanate(TDI),
Melt reinforcing agent:The PARALOID of Dow ChemicalTMBPMS-265,5 parts,
Nucleator:5 parts of titanium dioxide,
Lubricant:2 parts of glycerin monostearate stearic acid.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
It is following that effect of the present invention is further illustrated by experimental example.
Comparative example 1
90 parts of PLA, polyadipate -10 parts of terephthalic acid (TPA)-butanediol ester, 0.8 part of 1-4 butane diisocyanates, carbon
3 parts of sour calcium, 0.5 part of PE waxes;
Comparative example 2
60 parts of PLA, 1 part of polyethylene glycol, 0.1 part of toluene di-isocyanate(TDI), 0.1 part of talcum powder calcium, calcium stearate 0.5
Part;
Foamex is obtained using the method in embodiment 1;
The Foamex that embodiment 1~3 and comparative example 1~2 are obtained extrusion foaming on plastic extrusion foaming machine, foaming
Agent is carbon dioxide, and expanded polylactic acid samples of sheets is obtained.
The expanded polylactic acid proper tree that embodiment 1-8 and comparative example 1-2 is obtained is determined using GB/T 3682-2000 methods
The melt flow rate (MFR) of fat, its test result is as shown in table 2.
The resin dedicated melt flow rate (MFR) of the expanded polylactic acid of table 2
Can be seen that melt flow rate (MFR) by the data of table 2 has obvious reduction compared with comparative example, illustrates that the melt of addition is strong
Degree agent can increase the melt strength of expanded polylactic acid resin, and it is because the additive can improve melt elasticity.
Using supercritical carbon dioxide foaming technology, foaming process conditions are consistent, using double screw extruder by embodiment
Expanded polylactic acid that 1-3 and comparative example 1-2 are obtained is resin dedicated to carry out continuous foamed, and it is width 600mm that foam sheet specification is obtained,
Thickness 2mm, tests foam sheet, and its test result is as shown in table 3.
The resin dedicated foam sheet performance measurement of the PLA of table 3
As shown in Table 3, by embodiment 1-3 compared with comparative example 1-2, embodiment 1-3 has excellent foam performance.Separately
Outward, expanded polylactic acid sheet material is obtained and maintains the biodegradable advantage of PLA, comply fully with U.S. ASTMD6400 and European Union
EN13432 degraded Valuation Standards, can be degradable by microorganism in nature after use, ultimately generates carbon dioxide and water, no
Pollution environment, this is highly beneficial to environmental protection, has great importance to alleviating petroleum resources shortage and solving white pollution.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is to be understood that and apply this hair for ease of those skilled in the art
It is bright.Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to these embodiments, and described herein
General Principle is applied in other embodiment without by performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to implementation here
Example, those skilled in the art's announcement of the invention, not departing from improvement that scope made and modification all should be
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of high fondant-strength expanded polylactic acid is resin dedicated, it is characterised in that:It is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
PLA 60-95 parts, biodegradable copolymer 1-20 parts, chain extender 0.1-1 parts, 1-5 parts of melt reinforcing agent, nucleator
0.1-5 parts, lubricant 0.5-2 parts.
2. high fondant-strength expanded polylactic acid according to claim 1 is resin dedicated, it is characterised in that:The PLA is
Mixed type PLA, PLLA 95.75%, poly- L-lactic acid 4.25%, PLA number-average molecular weight 10~200,000, melting
Index is 6g/10min.
3. high fondant-strength expanded polylactic acid according to claim 1 is resin dedicated, it is characterised in that:Described biology can
Degraded copolymer is:It is polycaprolactone (PCL), polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), poly-
Butyric ester (PHB), poly butyric valeric acid copolyesters (PHBV), polyadipate-terephthalic acid (TPA)-butanediol ester
(PBAT), poly butylene succinate (PBS) and carbon dioxide epoxy propane copolymer (PPC) it is therein one or two.
4. high fondant-strength expanded polylactic acid according to claim 1 is resin dedicated, it is characterised in that:Described chain extender
It is 1-4 butanediols (BD), 1-4 butane diisocyanates (BDI), toluene di-isocyanate(TDI), more hexamethylene-diisocyanate, Asia
One or more in methyl polyphenyl polyisocyanate and methyl diphenylene diisocyanate.
5. high fondant-strength expanded polylactic acid according to claim 1 is resin dedicated, it is characterised in that:Described melt increases
Strong agent is the PARALOID of Dow ChemicalTMBPMS-250、PARALOIDTMBPMS-255、PARALOIDTMBPMS-265 its
In one or two.
6. high fondant-strength expanded polylactic acid according to claim 1 is resin dedicated, it is characterised in that:Described nucleator
It is one or more in talcum powder, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, silica, zinc oxide and azodicarbonamide.
7. high fondant-strength expanded polylactic acid according to claim 1 is resin dedicated, it is characterised in that:Described lubricant
For glycerin monostearate stearic acid (GMS), calcium stearate, PE waxes it is therein one or two.
8. the resin dedicated preparation method of high fondant-strength expanded polylactic acid as described in claim 1-7, it is characterised in that bag
Include the following steps:
(1) it is PLA, biodegradable copolymer, chain extender, melt reinforcing agent, nucleator, mix lubricant is uniform;
(2) obtained mixture in step (1) is added to double screw extruder, extrusion pelletizing obtains polylactic acid modified resin,
After through dried process, expanded polylactic acid is obtained resin dedicated.
9. the resin dedicated preparation method of high fondant-strength expanded polylactic acid according to claim 8, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly in (1) PLA, biodegradable copolymer using crystallizing and drying is preceding needed, the weight percentage of its moisture is in 250ppm
Within.
10. the resin dedicated preparation method of high fondant-strength expanded polylactic acid according to claim 8, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly in (2), the double-screw extruder screw draw ratio is 52:1, screw speed is 50~250r/min, and extrusion temperature is 150
~210 DEG C.
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