CN106748888B - A kind of intermediate and its synthetic method of sitagliptin - Google Patents
A kind of intermediate and its synthetic method of sitagliptin Download PDFInfo
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- CN106748888B CN106748888B CN201611033277.XA CN201611033277A CN106748888B CN 106748888 B CN106748888 B CN 106748888B CN 201611033277 A CN201611033277 A CN 201611033277A CN 106748888 B CN106748888 B CN 106748888B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of intermediate of sitagliptin and its synthetic method, intermediate is formula (1) compound comprising：Formula (3) compound and cyano-containing reactant salt, obtain formula (2) compound, then with basic hydrolysis formula (2) compound.This synthetic method, reaction route is short, and reaction reagent inexpensively, is avoided using the expensive reagent in traditional handicraft, can effectively reduce production cost, shortens generated time, is suitble to industrialized production.By the intermediate of the sitagliptin obtained by above-mentioned synthetic method, yield is big, and purity is high, is conducive to the preparation of the sitagliptin of high-quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pharmaceutical synthesis fields, in particular to the intermediate and its synthetic method of a kind of sitagliptin.
Background technology
Sitagliptin (Sitagliptin) is a kind of-VI (DPP) inhibitor of dipeptides ground state enzyme, is clinically used to treat 2
Patients with type Ⅰ DM, the good drug efficacy of the medicine, and there is no the risks for causing patient's hypoglycemia during treatment, while will not
Patient's weight is caused to increase.
It is with high costs, use currently, all there is certain defect about the synthetic route of sitagliptin and its intermediate
Reagent toxicity is big, is easy to explode, and there are security risks, are unfavorable for industrialized production.
Invention content
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of synthetic method of the intermediate of sitagliptin, this synthetic method,
Reaction route is short, and reaction reagent inexpensively, avoids using the expensive reagent in traditional handicraft, can effectively reduce and be produced into
This, shortens generated time, is suitble to industrialized production.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of intermediate of sitagliptin, obtained by above-mentioned synthetic method
The intermediate of sitagliptin, yield is big, and purity is high, is conducive to the preparation of the sitagliptin of high-quality.
In order to realize that the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy use following technical scheme：
A kind of synthetic method of the intermediate of sitagliptin, intermediate are formula (1) compound comprising：Formula (3) compound
With cyano-containing reactant salt, formula (2) compound is obtained, then with basic hydrolysis formula (2) compound；
The structural formula of formula (1) compound is：
The structural formula of formula (2) compound is：
The structural formula of formula (3) compound is：
Wherein, X Cl, Br or I；PG is nitrogen-protecting group group.
A kind of intermediate by the sitagliptin prepared by above-mentioned synthetic method.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The present invention is anti-by the substitution between formula (3) compound and cyano-containing salt using formula (3) compound as reaction reagent
It answers, the halogen in formula (3) compound becomes cyano, then obtains formula (1) compound by hydrolysis of the cyano in alkali, i.e., western
The intermediate of Ta Lieting.
This synthetic method, reaction route is short, and reaction reagent inexpensively, is avoided using the costliness examination in traditional handicraft
Agent can effectively reduce production cost, shorten generated time, and the yield of the intermediate of the sitagliptin of final gained is big, pure
Degree is high, is suitble to industrialized production.
By the intermediate of the sitagliptin obtained by this synthetic method, yield is big, and purity is high, is conducive to high-quality
The preparation of sitagliptin.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described.
Fig. 1 is a kind of synthetic route chart of the intermediate of the sitagliptin provided in embodiment.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will
Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the invention.It is not specified in embodiment specific
Condition person carries out according to conventional conditions or manufacturer's recommended conditions.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is
The conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
Present embodiment provides the synthetic method of the intermediate of sitagliptin, and intermediate is formula (1) compound comprising：
Formula (3) compound and cyano-containing reactant salt, obtain formula (2) compound, then with basic hydrolysis formula (2) compound；
The synthetic route of formula (1) compound is：
Wherein, X Cl, Br or I；PG is nitrogen-protecting group group.
The present invention is anti-by the substitution between formula (3) compound and cyano-containing salt using formula (3) compound as reaction reagent
It answers, the halogen in formula (3) compound becomes cyano, then obtains formula (1) compound by hydrolysis of the cyano in alkali, i.e., western
The intermediate of Ta Lieting.
Formula (2) compound hydrolyzes the formula that obtains (1) compound, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, alkali under alkaline condition
For inorganic base, such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, preferably sodium hydroxide.
This synthetic method, reaction route is short, and reaction reagent inexpensively, is avoided using the costliness examination in traditional handicraft
Agent can effectively reduce production cost, shorten generated time, and the yield of the intermediate of the sitagliptin of final gained is big, pure
Degree is high, is suitble to industrialized production.
Further, react more abundant between formula (3) compound and cyano-containing salt to improve, cyano-containing salt is
NaCN or KCN.In preferred embodiments of the present invention, cyano-containing salt is preferably NaCN.When cyano-containing salt is NaCN, the reaction
What is carried out is more prone to.
Further, nitrogen-protecting group group appointing in tertbutyloxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl group, benzoyl and tosyl
Meaning is a kind of.These four groups of tertbutyloxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl group, benzoyl and tosyl are common nitrogen-protecting group groups,
Amino can be protected, it is made to be not involved in reaction, when needed, also can slough nitrogen-protecting group by simply chemically reacting
Group.Preferably, nitrogen-protecting group group is tertbutyloxycarbonyl.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, the synthetic method of formula (3) compound includes：Work of formula (5) compound in acid
After sloughing the substituent group on amino under, formula (4) compound is obtained, then rolled into a ball to the amino in formula (4) compound with nitrogen-protecting group
It is protected；
The synthetic route of formula (3) compound is：
Wherein, X Cl, Br or I；R1And R2For nitrogen-protecting group group.
After formula (5) compound sloughs the substituent group on amino under the action of an acid, formula (4) compound is obtained, acid is organic
Acid or inorganic acid, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, acid is inorganic acid, such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, preferably hydrochloric acid.
Preferably, X Cl；It is further preferable that formula (5) compound is formula (5-a) compound, structural formula is as follows：
R in formula (5-a) compound1And R2Five-membered ring is collectively formed with N, due to the presence of double carbonyls so that formula (5-a) is changed
It closes object and easily sloughs R under the action of an acid1And R2, form formula (4) compound.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, formula (5) compound is by formula (6) compound and acid imide in azo diformazan
Gained is reacted under the action of acid dialkyl ester and phosphorus ylide；
Wherein, X Cl, Br or I.
Further, any one of acid imide in succinimide, phthalimide and maleimide.
Preferably, acid imide is succinimide or phthalimide.
Further, di-alkylazodicarboxylate is diethyl azodiformate (DEAD) or azoformic acid diisopropyl
Ester (DIAD).Preferably, di-alkylazodicarboxylate DEAD.
Further, phosphorus ylide is triphenyl phosphorus or tri-n-butyl phosphine；Preferably, phosphorus ylide is triphenyl phosphorus.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, formula (6) compound is occurred by formula (7) compound and formula (8) compound
Obtained by grignard reaction, the reaction is as follows：
Formula (7) compound is grignard reagent, it is preferable that formula (7) compound is 2,4,5- trifluorophenyl magnesium bromides, formula (8)
Compound is (S)-epoxychloropropane.In order to react fully, ketonic acid salt is added in reaction solution.Preferably, which is
Halogenation Asia ketone；It is further preferred that the ketonic acid salt is cuprous iodide.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, the synthetic route of formula (1) compound is as shown in Figure 1.This synthetic method is
It using epoxychloropropane and trifluorophenyl grignard reagent as raw material, avoids using explosive material sodium azide, the technological operation is simple, fits
Close industrial amplification production.
Present embodiment also provides a kind of intermediate by the sitagliptin prepared by above-mentioned synthetic method, which is
Formula (1) compound, structure are as follows：
By the intermediate of the sitagliptin obtained by this synthetic method, yield is big, and purity is high, is conducive to high-quality
The preparation of sitagliptin.
The feature and performance of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to embodiments：
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of synthetic method of the intermediate of sitagliptin, intermediate is formula (1-a) compound.
Its synthetic route is as follows：
Formula (2-a) compound：
By (R)-[1- (2,4,5- trifluorophenyls) -3- chlorine propyl- 2- yls] t-butyl carbamate (34.0g, 100mmol) with
The dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) of 150ml mixes, and the polyethylene glycol-400 30ml of the NaCN and 30ml of 11.8g is then added thereto successively；
Then, reaction solution 75~85 DEG C are heated to react 6~10 hours.
Post-reaction treatment：Reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, is mixed and stirred for the dichloromethane of 450ml and the water of 900ml,
Separation organic layer is dried with 100ml water washings with anhydrous sodium sulfate, is then concentrated under reduced pressure and is removed solvent, obtains residue.Again
100ml isopropyl ethers are added into residue, stir residue at room temperature, filters, formula (2-a) compound is obtained after vacuum drying
28.1g, yield 85%.
Formula (1-a) compound：
By (R) -1- cyano -3- (2,4,5- trifluorophenyl) propane -2- carbamates (2.0g, 6.0mmol),
It is mixed and dissolves with the ethanol solution of 20ml 50%, the sodium hydroxide of 2.4g is then added thereto.Then, by reaction solution
75~85 DEG C are warming up to react 10~14 hours.
Post-reaction treatment：Reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, acetic acid is added into reaction solution, adjusts the pH value of reaction solution to 7,
It uses 40ml ethyl acetate to extract 2 times again, merges organic phase, dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, be then concentrated under reduced pressure.Finally, to concentration
The methanol that 20ml is added in object is recrystallized, and filters, pale solid compound, as formula (1-a) are obtained after vacuum drying
Compound 1.7g, yield 81%.
The performance parameter of formula (1-a) compound of gained is：
Fusing point m.p. is 123~125 DEG C；
Specific rotatory power is [α]D 20=+32.0 (c=1.0, CHCl3)；
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)：δ 7.09 (d, J=7.7Hz, 1H), 6.91 (d, J=6.7Hz, 1H), 5.03 (d, J
=4.0Hz, 1H), 4.36 (s, 1H), 3.06-2.75 (m, 3H), 2.62 (dd, J=16.4,5.6Hz, 1H), 2.50 (d, J=
8.2Hz,1H),1.33(s,9H).ESI-MS:m/z 334.2[M+H]+。
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of synthetic method of the intermediate of sitagliptin, intermediate is formula (1-a) compound.
Its synthetic route is as follows：
Formula (4-a) compound：
By (R) -1- [1- (2,4,5- trifluorophenyls) -3- chlorine propyl- 2- yls] pyrrolidine-2,5-dione (32.2g, 100mmol
70~80 DEG C are warming up to after the water mixed dissolution of 100g, then by reaction solution, 36% hydrochloric acid of 10g is then slowly dropped into, after drop finishes
Reaction solution is warming up to 100 DEG C of back flow reactions 14-16 hours.
Post-reaction treatment：Reaction solution is cooled to room temperature and is stirred, solid is precipitated, by obtained solid in 50~60 after filtering
Vacuum drying obtains product formula (4-a) compound 23.8g, yield 86% at DEG C.
Formula (3-a) compound：
By (R) -1- chloromethyls -2- (2,4,5- trifluorophenyls)-ethylamine hydrochloride (13.8g, 50mmol) and the two of 150ml
Chloromethanes mixes, and then adds 20ml triethylamines and the di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (75mmol) of 16.4g, then by reaction solution in 20
It is stirred to react at~30 DEG C 9~11 hours.
Post-reaction treatment：100ml water is added in reaction solution, stirs evenly layering, water phase uses 50ml dichloromethane to extract two again
It is secondary, merge organic phase, is concentrated to give formula (3-a) compound 14.4g, yield 85%.
The preparation method of formula (2-a) compound and formula (1-a) compound is consistent with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of synthetic method of the intermediate of sitagliptin, intermediate is formula (1-a) compound.
Its synthetic route and embodiment 2 are almost the same, the difference is that formula (5-a) compound is made by following reactions
：
Formula (5-a) compound：
The toluene of (S) -1- chloro- 3- (2,4,5- trifluorophenyls) propane -2- alcohol (45.0g, 200mmol) and 600g is mixed
It closes, is heated to 50~60 DEG C and stirring and dissolving.Filtering gained mixture is simultaneously filled to another reactor, and 0 is cooled under nitrogen protection
~5 DEG C, triphenyl phosphorus (57.6g, 220mmol) and succinimide (23.0g, 200mmol) are added, after being stirred, in 0
The toluene solution containing DEAD (40.0g, 230mmol) of 40g is added at~5 DEG C.After having reacted, vacuum distillation removes toluene, directly
It connects in next step.
The hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance modal data of formula (5-a) compound：
1H NMR(CDCl3, 400MHz) and δ 7.08 (m, 1H), 6.98 (m, 1H), 4.67-4.44 (m, 1H), 4.23 (d, J=
10.8Hz, 1H), 3.76 (d, J=11.2Hz, 1H), 3.17-3.30 (m, 2H), 2.65-2.73 (m, 4H).
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment provides a kind of synthetic method of the intermediate of sitagliptin, intermediate is formula (1-a) compound.It is closed
It is almost the same at route and embodiment 3, the difference is that the preparation of formula (5-a) compound.
The toluene of (S) -1- chloro- 3- (2,4,5- trifluorophenyls) propane -2- alcohol (45.0g, 200mmol) and 600g is mixed
It closes, is heated to 50~60 DEG C and stirring and dissolving.Filtering gained mixture is simultaneously filled to another reactor, and 0 is cooled under nitrogen protection
~5 DEG C, three normal-butyl phosphorus (220mmol) and succinimide (23.0g, 200mmol) are added, after being stirred, in 0~5
The toluene solution containing DIAD (230mmol) of 40g is added at DEG C.After having reacted, vacuum distillation removes toluene, is directly used in next
Step.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment provides a kind of synthetic method of the intermediate of sitagliptin, intermediate is formula (1-a) compound.
Synthetic route is：
The preparation of formula (6-a) compound：
By (S)-epoxychloropropane (37.4g, 404mmol) and the tetrahydrofuran of 40ml and the cuprous iodide of 4.6g
(24mmol) is mixed, and is cooled to -10~0 DEG C, and the tetrahydrochysene that 80ml contains 2,4,5- trifluorophenyl magnesium bromides (5.0M) is then added dropwise
Tetrahydrofuran solution is then stirred to react at -10~0 DEG C 2.5-3.5 hours.It is subsequently poured into cold 120ml 4M hydrochloric acid and stirs,
It is extracted with the ethyl acetate of 200ml, organic phase is dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, is then concentrated under reduced pressure to give product (6-a) compound
89.5g。
The hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance modal data of formula (6-a) compound：
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)：δ7.14(m,1H),6.92(m,1H),4.17(m,1H),3.70-3.45(m,
2H),2.98-2.75(m,2H),2.66(m,1H)。
It is wherein consistent by the synthetic method of formula (6-a) compound to formula (1-a) compound and embodiment 3.
In conclusion this synthetic method provided by the invention, reaction route is short, and reaction reagent inexpensively, avoids
Using the expensive reagent in traditional handicraft, production cost can be effectively reduced, shortens generated time, and the Xi Talie of final gained
The yield of the intermediate in spit of fland is big, purity is high, is suitble to industrialized production.By in the sitagliptin obtained by above-mentioned synthetic method
Mesosome, yield is big, and purity is high, is conducive to the preparation of the sitagliptin of high-quality.
Although illustrate and describing the present invention with specific embodiment, it will be appreciated that without departing substantially from the present invention's
Many other change and modification can be made in the case of spirit and scope.It is, therefore, intended that in the following claims
Including belonging to all such changes and modifications in the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of synthetic method of the intermediate of sitagliptin, which is characterized in that the intermediate is formula (1) compound, packet
It includes：Formula (3) compound is reacted with NaCN or KCN, obtains formula (2) compound, then the formula described in basic hydrolysis (2) compound；
The structural formula of formula (1) compound is：
The structural formula of formula (2) compound is：
The structural formula of formula (3) compound is：
Wherein, X Cl, Br or I；PG is nitrogen-protecting group group；
The synthetic method of formula (3) compound includes：Formula (5) compound sloughs the substituent group on amino under the action of an acid
Afterwards, formula (4) compound is obtained, then the amino in the formula (4) compound is protected with nitrogen-protecting group group；
The structural formula of formula (4) compound is：
The structural formula of formula (5) compound is：
Wherein, X Cl, Br or I；R1And R2Succimide base is formed with adjacent nitrogen-atoms.
2. the synthetic method of the intermediate of sitagliptin according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nitrogen-protecting group group
Any one in tertbutyloxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl group, benzoyl and tosyl.
3. the synthetic method of the intermediate of sitagliptin according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the X is Cl.
4. the synthetic method of the intermediate of sitagliptin according to claim 1, which is characterized in that formula (5) chemical combination
Object be reacted under the action of di-alkylazodicarboxylate and phosphorus ylide as formula (6) compound with acid imide obtained by；
The structural formula of formula (6) compound is：
Wherein, X Cl, Br or I.
5. the synthetic method of the intermediate of sitagliptin according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the acid imide is amber
Amber acid imide.
6. the synthetic method of the intermediate of sitagliptin according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the azoformic acid
Dialkyl ester is diethyl azodiformate or diisopropyl azodiformate.
7. the synthetic method of the intermediate of sitagliptin according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the phosphorus ylide is
Triphenyl phosphorus or tri-n-butyl phosphine.
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| CN109608348A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-12 | 凯瑞斯德生化(苏州)有限公司 | A kind of synthetic method of (R) -3- t-butoxycarbonyl amino -4- (2,4,5- trifluorophenyl) butyric acid |
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