CN106748170A - 一种含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂及制法与应用 - Google Patents

一种含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂及制法与应用 Download PDF

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CN106748170A
CN106748170A CN201611225982.XA CN201611225982A CN106748170A CN 106748170 A CN106748170 A CN 106748170A CN 201611225982 A CN201611225982 A CN 201611225982A CN 106748170 A CN106748170 A CN 106748170A
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glycine betaine
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李风浪
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Dongguan Lianzhou Intellectual Property Operation and Management Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂，该含有氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期复合调节剂首次将氯化胆碱和甜菜碱作为菊花花期的调节剂，并配合植物生长调节剂、磷肥、钾肥使用，在盛花期对菊花植株进行喷雾处理，能够调节菊花的生理活动、增进光合效率、提高抗氧化能力，有助于植株茎叶和花朵的生长，使菊花植株生长旺盛，花径增加，花期延长，并弥补了光、温控制技术和分期栽培的缺陷，由于对设施要求低，能够大大降低人力、物力和财力，在菊花花期调控方面有着显著的效果和独特的优势。

Description

一种含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂及制法与应用
技术领域
本发明属于植物生长调控技术领域，涉及一种含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂及制法与应用。
背景技术
菊花是中国十大名花之一，也是世界四大切花之一，其观赏性强且具有重要的药用和食用价值，经济和社会效益不容忽视。但是，受菊花花期的限制，每年都要花费大量的人力、物力及财力来调整菊花花期，以满足旅游观赏和花展、花卉节等需要，周年生产菊花的成本较高，成为限制中国菊花产业化发展的瓶颈之一。因此，对菊花花期进行调控具有重要的现实意义。
长期以来，为了菊花的花期，常用的方法是人为控制环境条件和采取特殊的栽培方法，例如:光周期控制、温度控制和分期栽培等，其中较为有效的方法是通过短日照处理使其提早开花，同时还要保证在光照时间内有充足的光照及适宜的水肥管理，实际操作中要消耗大量的人力、物力和财力，往往难以实现大面积控制的目的。
菊花植株相对较小，在花期调控方面化学方法有着显著的效果和独特的优势，为此，各国学者在生长调节剂和其它化学物质对延长花期的效应方面进行了大量研究，报道证实利用植物生长抑制剂可获得良好的花期延长效果，提高花卉的观赏价值，但其品种单一，存在着副作用大、作用范围窄的问题，在生产应用中受到限制。
氯化胆碱和甜菜碱常作为饲料添加剂，可预防动物肝脏中的脂肪积累，是哺乳动物的“抗脂肪肝”因子，有利于脂蛋白转运出肝脏脂肪，从而降低肝脏脂肪含量。氯化胆碱和甜菜碱还能够调节植物的生理活动、增进光合效率、提高抗氧化能力，有助于植株茎叶和花朵的生长，而两者在调节植物生长方面的研究较为罕见，目前尚未发现氯化胆碱和甜菜碱在调节菊花花期方面的应用。
发明内容
为解决现有技术存在的问题，本发明提供了一种含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂，首次将氯化胆碱和甜菜碱作为菊花花期的调节剂，该含有氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期复合调节剂能够调节菊花的生理活动、增进光合效率、提高抗氧化能力，有助于植株茎叶和花朵的生长，使菊花植株生长旺盛，花径增加，花期延长。
本发明的另一目的是提供上述含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂的制法与应用，将氯化胆碱、甜菜碱配合植物生长调节剂、磷肥、钾肥使用，在盛花期对菊花植株进行喷雾处理，能够弥补光、温控制技术和分期栽培的缺陷，更方便地调控菊花花期，由于对设施要求低，能够大大降低人力、物力和财力，在菊花花期调控方面有着显著的效果和独特的优势。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂，由氯化胆碱、甜菜碱、植物生长调节剂、磷肥、钾肥、乙醇和蒸馏水组成，其中氯化胆碱的质量浓度为20-50mg/L，甜菜碱的质量浓度为10-30mg/L，植物生长调节剂的质量浓度为5-20mg/L，磷肥的质量浓度为80-120mg/L，钾肥的质量浓度为100-150mg/L，乙醇的体积浓度为3-5mL/L。
作为优选，所述植物生长调节剂为多效唑、矮壮素、乙烯利、比久、氨氧乙基乙烯基甘氨酸、氨氧乙酸、6-苄基氨基嘌呤、赤霉素、2,4-D、激动素中的一种或几种的组合。
作为优选，所述磷肥为过磷酸钙、重过磷酸钙、磷酸二铵、磷酸二氢钾中的一种或几种的组合。
作为优选，所述钾肥为氯化钾、硫酸钾、草木灰、光卤石、硝酸钾中的一种或几种的组合。
一种含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂的制法，具体过程为：将20-50mg氯化胆碱、10-30mg甜菜碱、80-120mg磷肥、100-150mg钾肥溶于10-20mL蒸馏水中得到溶液A，将5-20mg植物生长调节剂溶于3-5mL乙醇中得到溶液B，再将溶液A和溶液B混合并加蒸馏水定容至1L，搅拌混合均匀，制得含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂。
一种含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂的应用，具体方法是：于菊花盛花期，在晴天傍晚无风的天气，采用本发明的含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂向整个菊花植株喷雾，每5d喷施一次，共喷施三次。
本发明的有益效果如下：
(1)本发明首次将氯化胆碱和甜菜碱作为菊花花期的调节剂，该含有氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期复合调节剂能够调节菊花的生理活动、增进光合效率、提高抗氧化能力，有助于植株茎叶和花朵的生长，使菊花植株生长旺盛，花径增加，花期延长。
(2)本发明的含有氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期复合调节剂将氯化胆碱、甜菜碱配合植物生长调节剂、磷肥、钾肥使用，在盛花期对菊花植株进行喷雾处理，能够弥补光、温控制技术和分期栽培的缺陷，更方便地调控菊花花期，由于对设施要求低，能够大大降低人力、物力和财力，在菊花花期调控方面有着显著的效果和独特的优势。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体的实施例对本发明的上述内容作进一步详细说明，但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实施例。在不脱离本发明上述技术思想情况下，根据本领域普通技术知识和惯用手段做出的各种替换或变更，均应包括在本发明的范围内。
实施例1
本实施例的含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂的制法，具体过程为：将20mg氯化胆碱、10mg甜菜碱、80mg过磷酸钙、100mg氯化钾溶于10mL蒸馏水中得到溶液A，将5mg多效唑溶于3mL乙醇中得到溶液B，再将溶液A和溶液B混合并加蒸馏水定容至1L，搅拌混合均匀，制得含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂。
试验于于菊花盛花期，在晴天傍晚无风的天气，采用本发明的含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂向整个菊花植株喷雾，每5d喷施一次，共喷施三次。与未喷施含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂的对照菊花相比，试验区菊花的花期延迟了5-7天，大大增加了菊花的观赏价值，且菊花植株生长旺盛，花径增加。
实施例2
本实施例的含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂的制法，具体过程为：将50mg氯化胆碱、30mg甜菜碱、120mg重过磷酸钙、70mg硫酸钾、70mg磷酸二氢钾溶于20mL蒸馏水中得到溶液A，将10mg矮壮素、10mg乙烯利溶于5mL乙醇中得到溶液B，再将溶液A和溶液B混合并加蒸馏水定容至1L，搅拌混合均匀，制得含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂。
试验于于菊花盛花期，在晴天傍晚无风的天气，采用本发明的含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂向整个菊花植株喷雾，每5d喷施一次，共喷施三次。与未喷施含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂的对照菊花相比，试验区菊花的花期延迟了12-15天，大大增加了菊花的观赏价值，且菊花植株生长旺盛，花径增加。
实施例3
本实施例的含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂的制法，具体过程为：将20mg氯化胆碱、30mg甜菜碱、80mg磷酸二铵、100mg草木灰、50mg光卤石溶于15mL蒸馏水中得到溶液A，将2mg多效比久、3mg氨氧乙基乙烯基甘氨酸溶于3mL乙醇中得到溶液B，再将溶液A和溶液B混合并加蒸馏水定容至1L，搅拌混合均匀，制得含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂。
试验于于菊花盛花期，在晴天傍晚无风的天气，采用本发明的含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂向整个菊花植株喷雾，每5d喷施一次，共喷施三次。与未喷施含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂的对照菊花相比，试验区菊花的花期延迟了7-10天，大大增加了菊花的观赏价值，且菊花植株生长旺盛，花径增加。
实施例4
本实施例的含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂的制法，具体过程为：将50mg氯化胆碱、10mg甜菜碱、120mg磷酸二氢钾、100mg硝酸钾溶于15mL蒸馏水中得到溶液A，将10mg氨氧乙酸、10mg6-苄基氨基嘌呤溶于5mL乙醇中得到溶液B，再将溶液A和溶液B混合并加蒸馏水定容至1L，搅拌混合均匀，制得含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂。
试验于于菊花盛花期，在晴天傍晚无风的天气，采用本发明的含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂向整个菊花植株喷雾，每5d喷施一次，共喷施三次。与未喷施含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂的对照菊花相比，试验区菊花的花期延迟了7-9天，大大增加了菊花的观赏价值，且菊花植株生长旺盛，花径增加。
实施例5
本实施例的含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂的制法，具体过程为：将30mg氯化胆碱、20mg甜菜碱、50mg过磷酸钙、50mg重过磷酸钙、30mg氯化钾、30mg硫酸钾、30mg磷酸二氢钾溶于18mL蒸馏水中得到溶液A，将5mg赤霉素、5mg2,4-D溶于4mL乙醇中得到溶液B，再将溶液A和溶液B混合并加蒸馏水定容至1L，搅拌混合均匀，制得含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂。
试验于于菊花盛花期，在晴天傍晚无风的天气，采用本发明的含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂向整个菊花植株喷雾，每5d喷施一次，共喷施三次。与未喷施含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂的对照菊花相比，试验区菊花的花期延迟了6-8天，大大增加了菊花的观赏价值，且菊花植株生长旺盛，花径增加。
实施例6
本实施例的含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂的制法，具体过程为：将40mg氯化胆碱、20mg甜菜碱、40mg磷酸二铵、50mg磷酸二氢钾、50mg草木灰、50mg光卤石、30mg硝酸钾溶于16mL蒸馏水中得到溶液A，将12mg激动素溶于4mL乙醇中得到溶液B，再将溶液A和溶液B混合并加蒸馏水定容至1L，搅拌混合均匀，制得含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂。
试验于于菊花盛花期，在晴天傍晚无风的天气，采用本发明的含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂向整个菊花植株喷雾，每5d喷施一次，共喷施三次。与未喷施含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂的对照菊花相比，试验区菊花的花期延迟了6-8天，大大增加了菊花的观赏价值，且菊花植株生长旺盛，花径增加。

Claims (7)

1.一种含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂，其特征在于：所述含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂由氯化胆碱、甜菜碱、植物生长调节剂、磷肥、钾肥、乙醇和蒸馏水组成，其中氯化胆碱的质量浓度为20-50mg/L，甜菜碱的质量浓度为10-30mg/L，植物生长调节剂的质量浓度为5-20mg/L，磷肥的质量浓度为80-120mg/L，钾肥的质量浓度为100-150mg/L，乙醇的体积浓度为3-5mL/L。
2.根据权利要求1所述的含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂，其特征在于：所述植物生长调节剂为多效唑、矮壮素、乙烯利、比久、氨氧乙基乙烯基甘氨酸、氨氧乙酸、6-苄基氨基嘌呤、赤霉素、2,4-D、激动素中的一种或几种的组合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂，其特征在于：所述磷肥为过磷酸钙、重过磷酸钙、磷酸二铵、磷酸二氢钾中的一种或几种的组合。
4.根据权利要求1所述的含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂，其特征在于：所述钾肥为氯化钾、硫酸钾、草木灰、光卤石、硝酸钾中的一种或几种的组合。
5.一种含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂的制法，其特征在于，具体过程为：将20-50mg氯化胆碱、10-30mg甜菜碱、80-120mg磷肥、100-150mg钾肥溶于10-20mL蒸馏水中得到溶液A，将5-20mg植物生长调节剂溶于3-5mL乙醇中得到溶液B，再将溶液A和溶液B混合并加蒸馏水定容至1L，搅拌混合均匀，制得含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂。
6.一种含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂的应用，其特征在于，具体方法是：于菊花盛花期，在晴天傍晚无风的天气，采用本发明的含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂向整个菊花植株喷雾。
7.根据权利要求6所述的含氯化胆碱和甜菜碱的菊花花期调节剂的应用，其特征在于：所述喷雾间隔期为5d，喷雾次数为三次。
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