CN106746261A - 丙丁总溶剂生产废水的处理方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明介绍的丙丁总溶剂生产废水的处理方法包括液固分离、在超声波作用下CO2加压铁锌复合粉还原、厌氧、好氧和生物滤塔处理等工序,处理后的废水可稳定达标排放。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及以红薯为主要原料生产丙丁总溶剂产生的废水的一种处理方法。
背景技术
丙酮、丁醇、乙醇统称为丙丁总溶剂,是医药、农药、塑料、油漆、国防以及轻工业的重要原料,早期主要以石油为原料生产丙丁总溶剂。近年来 利用生物质发酵生产丙丁总溶剂已成为一种发展趋势。红薯是生产丙丁总溶剂的主要原料之一,其生产产生的有机废水中污染物COD浓度高,成分复杂,处理难度大。该废水若不处理直接排入环境,将对环境造成严重污染。目前利用红薯生产丙丁总溶剂产生的废水的处理方法主要是生物处理法。由于该废水中含有持久性有机污染物(含苯环和(或)杂环有机物),特别是采用鲜红薯为主要原料时,持久性有机污染物的浓度较高,由此造成生物法处理该废水很难稳定达标排放。开发能稳定达标排放的利用红薯生产丙丁总溶剂产生的废水的处理方法具有较大实用价值。
发明内容
针对目前利用红薯生产丙丁总溶剂产生的废水的处理方法存在的问题,本发明的目的是寻找能稳定达标排放的丙丁总溶剂废水的处理方法,其特征在于将丙丁总溶剂废水进行液固分离,分离出的废水进入调节池,分离出的固体综合利用。经调节池调节后的丙丁总溶剂废水送入耐压反应器,将清洁铁锌复合粉加入反应器,在超声波作用下并通入工业CO2进行反应,铁锌复合粉的粒度小于180目,铁锌复合粉中每种金属的含量不低于5%(返回使用的铁锌复合粉不受此限制),每升废水加入铁锌复合粉5g~30g。在超声波作用下搅拌反应时间为10min~35min。反应温度为25℃~60℃。CO2的压力为0.1MPa~0.6MPa。每立方米废水输入超声波的功率为2kW~8kW。反应后的废水进行液固分离,分离出的铁锌复合粉返回反应器。液固分离后的废水用石灰乳或其他碱性物质调节其pH值到7.0~8.5,然后进入厌氧反应器。废水在厌氧反应器停留24h~120h,厌氧温度为25℃~55℃。厌氧后的废水进入生物好氧池常温处理,好氧处理时间为4h~12h。好氧处理后的废水进入沉淀池,沉淀时间为1h~3h。不定期从沉淀池中抽出污泥进行过滤,滤饼作一般固体废弃物处置,滤液返回好氧池。沉淀池的上清废水送多层生物滤塔处理。生物滤塔的填料为活性炭或多孔陶粒,每层厚度为0.5m~1.0m,总厚度为1m~3m。生物滤塔的优势菌种为光合细菌中的红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonas)。生物滤塔的水力负荷为50 m3/m2.d~150m3/m2.d。生物滤塔的出水达标排放或回用。
本发明的目的是这样实现的,丙丁总溶剂废水的固态物质较多,在进入铁锌复合粉还原反应器前,进行液固分离,避免固态物质对铁锌复合粉还原的影响,也有利于未反应完的铁锌复合粉回收再利用。废水进入铁锌复合粉还原反应器后,废水中的大分子有机物,特别是持久性有机污染物(含苯环和(或)杂环等的有机物)通过铁锌复合粉还原产生的强还原自由基的作用而破坏,为后续生化处理创造有利条件。通入压力CO2的目的是维持铁锌复合粉还原合适的pH值(2.0~5.0);输入超声波的作用是加快还原反应的传质过程。还原后的废水用石灰乳或其他碱性物质调节其pH,以满足后续厌氧和好氧过程的要求。经前述处理的废水在厌氧过程中,通过微生物的作用,大分子有机物进一步变成小分子有机物,为后续生物氧化创造更有利条件。通过生物氧化处理,剩余的大多数有机物被去除,同时去除氮磷等污染物。废水最后进入活性炭或多孔陶粒生物滤塔,在微生物,特别是红假单胞菌的作用下,进一步去除有机物和氮磷等污染物,保证处理后的废水稳定达标排放。
相对于现有方法,本发明的突出优点是采用铁锌复合粉还原,将废水中的持久性污染物破坏,为后续生物处理创造有利条件,从而保证处理后的废水稳定达标排放;相对于在其它废水处理中使用的金属还原法,采用CO2代替目前广泛使用的硫酸作酸化剂,不引入SO4 2-离子,消除了产生H2S的物质基础,从而避免了H2S的污染,同时也避免了SO4 2-对厌氧和好氧过程中微生物的抑制作用,大大提高生物处理的效率;丙丁总溶剂厂都建有锅炉,燃料燃烧产生的CO2废气可充分利用,不仅可降低处理成本,而且可以减少碳排放;处理后的废水能稳定达标排放,具有明显的经济效益和环境效益。
具体实施方法
实施例1:每天处理1m3丙丁总溶剂废水(成分:CODCr39000 mg/L、T-N40.8 mg/L、SS29000mg/L T-P4.2mg/L、色度720),经液固分离、铁锌复合粉还原(10min、40℃、CO2压力0.6MPa、每升废水加入铁锌复合粉15g、每立方米废水输入超声波的功率为4kW)、厌氧(pH8.5、72h、25℃~35℃)、好氧(4h)和生物滤塔(多孔陶粒填料层总厚度1m、水力负荷50m3/m2.d)处理后出水的CODCr为49mg/L、T-N5.9mg/L、T-P0.2mg/L、色度13。
实施例2:每天处理5m3丙丁总溶剂废水(成分: CODCr41000 mg/L、T-N38.5mg/L、SS31500mg/L、 T-P4.7mg/L、色度760),经液固分离、铁锌复合粉还原(20min、25℃、CO2压力0.1MPa、每升废水加入铁锌复合粉5g、每立方米废水输入超声波的功率为2kW)、厌氧(pH7.0、24h、35℃~55℃)、好氧(6h)和生物滤塔(活性炭填料层总厚度2m、水力负荷150m3/m2.d)处理后出水的CODCr为52mg/L、T-N5.6mg/L、T-P0.2mg/L、色度15。
Claims (1)
1. 一种利用红薯为主要原料生产丙丁总溶剂产生的废水的处理方法,,其特征在于将丙丁总溶剂废水进行液固分离,分离出的废水进入调节池,分离出的固体综合利用,经调节池调节后的丙丁总溶剂废水送入耐压反应器,将清洁铁锌复合粉加入反应器,在超声波作用下并通入工业CO2进行反应,铁锌复合粉的粒度小于180目,铁锌复合粉中每种金属的含量不低于5%,每升废水加入铁锌复合粉5g~30g,在超声波作用下搅拌反应时间为10min~35min,反应温度为25℃~60℃,CO2的压力为0.1MPa~0.6MPa,每立方米废水输入超声波的功率为2kW~8kW,反应后的废水进行液固分离,分离出的铁锌复合粉返回反应器,液固分离后的废水用石灰乳或其他碱性物质调节其pH值到7.0~8.5,然后进入厌氧反应器,废水在厌氧反应器停留24h~120h,厌氧温度为25℃~55℃,厌氧后的废水进入生物好氧池常温处理,好氧处理时间为4h~12h,好氧处理后的废水进入沉淀池,沉淀时间为1h~3h,不定期从沉淀池中抽出污泥进行过滤,滤饼作一般固体废弃物处置,滤液返回好氧池,沉淀池的上清废水送多层生物滤塔处理,生物滤塔的填料为活性炭或多孔陶粒,填料总厚度为1m~3m,生物滤塔的优势菌种为光合细菌中的红假单胞菌,生物滤塔的水力负荷为50 m3/m2.d~150m3/m2.d,生物滤塔的出水达标排放或回用。
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