CN106744879B - Method for stripping graphene based on extensional rheology and application of graphene - Google Patents
Method for stripping graphene based on extensional rheology and application of graphene Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for stripping graphene based on extensional rheology and application of graphene. The scheme disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple preparation process, wide raw material source, no pollution, low cost, high quality of the prepared graphene, easiness in storage and transportation and easiness in realization of large-scale industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of material processing, in particular to a method for stripping graphene based on extensional rheology and application of the graphene.
Background
Graphene is a planar carbon nanomaterial consisting of a layer of carbon atoms, the thinnest two-dimensional material currently known, with a thickness of only 0.335nm, consisting of a hexagonal lattice. Carbon atoms in the graphene are connected by sigma bonds, so that the graphene is endowed with extremely excellent mechanical properties and structural rigidity. Moreover, in graphene, each carbon atom has an unbound p electron, and the p electrons can move freely in the crystal and move at 1/300 with the speed as high as the speed of light, so that the graphene is endowed with good conductivity. Optically, graphene is almost completely transparent, absorbing only 2.3% of light. The graphene has peculiar mechanical, optical and electrical properties, and has a very wide development prospect.
The preparation method of the graphene mainly comprises a chemical vapor deposition method, an oxidation intercalation re-reduction method, a liquid phase stripping method and a mechanical stripping method. The chemical vapor deposition method can obtain high-quality graphene, but the yield is low, the requirement on a substrate is high, and the transfer is very difficult; the oxidation intercalation re-reduction method can realize the mass production of graphene, but the structure of the graphene is damaged in the oxidation process, so that a high-quality graphene product is difficult to obtain; the liquid phase exfoliation method dissociates the graphite sheet layer in a suitable solvent using ultrasonic energy, however, the solvent exfoliation method has the problem that it is difficult to remove the residual solvent, and the solvent exfoliation yield is generally low. In contrast, the mechanical physical exfoliation method is a simple and easy method that can produce high-quality graphene at low cost.
The method for preparing graphene by a mechanical physical stripping method is simple, the preparation process is environment-friendly and pollution-free, the production cost is low, and the method is favored in industrial production. In order to cause exfoliation between graphite layers, conventional ball milling, stirring ball milling, grinding and the like are commonly used as exfoliation methods of mechanical physical exfoliation.
The Chinese patent application No. 201410286173.4 discloses a preparation method of graphene, which comprises the steps of crushing graphite oxide into small fragments in a mechanical shearing or ball milling mode, and obtaining the graphene through air flow collision grinding stripping. The invention provides a safe and low-cost method for preparing graphene by hydrogen reduction based on reduction and stripping of small-fragment graphite oxide at low hydrogen concentration and low temperature. However, the layer structure of graphene is damaged by such strong collision, and the obtained graphene has a small size and area.
Chinese patent application No. 201280019582.7 discloses a method for preparing graphene, which is obtained by grinding for 4 hours with the aid of ionic liquid through grinding, ball milling, jet milling and the like. The exfoliation of graphite is promoted by ionic liquids, but the graphene crystals obtained by long-term grinding are small in size, and the graphene layer lattice is affected by ionic liquids.
In the conventional ball milling, stirring ball milling, grinding and other methods, because the grinding applies pressure to the local part of graphite, huge impact force is generated on the stripped graphite, the impact force can cause the graphene layer to generate structural defects, the graphene layer structure lattice defects are easily caused, the size of the stripped graphene is reduced, the crystal size of the prepared graphene product is small, and the large-size high-quality graphene is difficult to obtain; in addition, the strong pressure of the grinding medium causes the extrusion impact to cause the overlapping of the graphene, and the peeling effect is reduced, so that the grinding time is long, the cost is very high, and the large-scale industrial production is difficult.
The stretcher is production equipment with the advantages of short mixing time, high production efficiency, easiness in operation, reduction in compounding agent loss, improvement in labor conditions and the like, is widely applied to research and development of new materials, is different from conventional ball milling, stirring ball milling, grinding and other methods, and can also be used for preparing graphene by utilizing the stretcher. At present, chinese patent publication No. 105948028A discloses a method for preparing a graphene precursor by stretcher stripping and a graphene precursor, in which graphite is soaked in an aqueous dispersion of an excess intercalator for a long time, and then, a saccharide is used as an adhesion stripping carrier, and the adhesive saccharide is sheared and stretched by a stretcher, so that the graphite is indirectly stretched and sheared and stripped by the adhesive saccharide under the adhesion action of the saccharide to obtain the graphene precursor. However, the structure of the stretching device in the scheme is not specific, and mainly uses sugar substances as bonding stripping carriers, so that the size uniformity and the stripping efficiency of the graphene obtained by stripping are limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for stripping graphene based on extensional rheology and application of graphene, aiming at the technical defects of limited graphene size uniformity and stripping efficiency of a stretcher in the prior art. The stretching cam rotor with the special structure improves the quality of graphene prepared by a stretcher and improves the graphene stripping efficiency.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
on the one hand, the method for stripping graphene based on extensional rheology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing and stirring the graphite raw material, the plastic and the solvent according to the mass ratio of 1:5-10:2-5 to prepare a viscous paste graphite mixture;
(2) putting the paste graphite mixture into a stretching mechanism, switching on a power transmission mechanism, controlling the working temperature to be 50-80 ℃, setting the rotating speed to be 500-80 r/min, continuously passing through the central shaft, performing eccentric rotation motion of the cam rotor in the rotation process, periodically compressing and stretching the cavity space, continuously compressing and stretching the paste graphite mixture, stripping graphite into graphene in the stretching process, and collecting the graphene through a collecting mechanism.
Wherein the graphite raw material is at least one of crystalline flake graphite, expanded graphite, highly oriented graphite, thermal cracking graphite and graphite oxide, and the particle size of the graphite raw material is less than or equal to 1 mm; the plastic is at least one of EVA hot melt adhesive, PA hot melt adhesive, PES polyester hot melt adhesive, PE polyethylene hot melt adhesive, water-soluble glucose, fructose, galactose, sorbose, tagatose, inositol and mannose with adhesiveness, and the solvent is at least one of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol and deionized water.
Preferably, the graphite raw material is at least one of crystalline flake graphite, expanded graphite, highly oriented graphite, thermal cracking graphite and graphite oxide, and the particle size of the graphite raw material is less than or equal to 10 mm;
the plastic is at least one of EVA hot melt adhesive, PA hot melt adhesive, PE hot melt adhesive, glucose, fructose, galactose, sorbose, tagatose, inositol and mannose with adhesiveness.
The solvent is at least one of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol and deionized water.
Preferably, the stretching mechanism includes:
the barrel is internally provided with a temperature control device;
the feeding mechanism is arranged on the machine barrel and consists of at least one feeding port;
the extensional rheological mechanism is communicated with the feeding mechanism and comprises a cam rotor with a cross section which is not coaxial with the machine barrel and a spring leaf which can be deformed in a telescopic way;
the power transmission mechanism comprises a driving motor, a transmission shaft and a transmission mechanism, wherein the driving motor is connected with the extensional rheological mechanism to conduct the central shaft and is used for driving the central shaft;
the collecting mechanism is arranged on the machine barrel, consists of at least one discharge hole and is used for collecting the graphene precursor;
the paste graphite mixture formed by mixing graphite raw materials, plastic and a solvent is added into the feeding mechanism and then enters the stretching mechanism, the volume of a cavity in the machine barrel is reduced and increased in a reciprocating mode when the paste graphite mixture continuously passes through the central shaft and is operated by the cam rotor, the paste is compressed and stretched in the cavity in a reciprocating mode by the cam and the reed due to viscosity, graphite is stripped into graphene in the stretching process, damage to the graphene due to extrusion shearing is avoided, compression force and stretching force are generated, the paste graphite mixture is compressed and stretched continuously, and the graphite is stripped into the graphene in the stretching process.
Preferably, the diameter of the cylinder of the stretching mechanism is 800-1100 mm.
Preferably, under the driving of the driving motor, the cam rotor eccentrically rotates clockwise or counterclockwise, the volume of a chamber in the cylinder is periodically reduced and increased during operation, the paste is periodically compressed and stretched by the cam and the reed in the chamber, so that the graphite is peeled into the graphene during stretching, the graphene is prevented from being damaged by extrusion shearing, a compression force and a stretching force are generated, the paste graphite mixture is continuously compressed and stretched, and the graphite is peeled into the graphene during stretching.
Preferably, the cam rotor performs an eccentric rotational motion along the central axis.
Preferably, the surface of the cam rotor is covered with a wear-resistant ceramic layer or a wear-resistant plastic layer.
Preferably, a heating mechanism is arranged in the collecting mechanism, and the paste is directly and continuously heated and shaped.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a graphene rubber product, including: the plastic rubber is prepared from 0.005-0.02 wt% of graphene, and the graphene is uniformly distributed in the plastic rubber and then cured to obtain a graphene rubber product.
The structure of stretching equipment in the existing scheme has no particularity, and mainly utilizes saccharides as bonding stripping carriers, so that the size uniformity and the stripping efficiency of the graphene obtained by stripping are limited. In view of the above, the invention provides a method for stripping graphene based on extensional rheology and application of graphene, wherein graphite and viscous substances are added into a self-designed stretching mechanism together, a cam rotor in a cavity is adopted to reduce and increase the volume of a cavity in a machine barrel in a reciprocating manner when in operation, the graphite and the viscous substances are compressed and stretched in the cavity in a reciprocating manner by a cam and a reed, a graphite mixture is indirectly stretched and sheared and stripped by the viscous additive under the bonding effect of the viscous additive to obtain a graphene precursor, and the lattice damage to the graphene caused by excessive shearing force is effectively avoided. The stretching cam rotor with the special structure improves the quality of graphene prepared by a stretcher and improves the graphene stripping efficiency. The scheme disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple preparation process, wide raw material source, no pollution, low cost, stable property of the prepared precursor, easiness in storage and transportation and easiness in realization of large-scale industrial production.
Compared with the performance of graphene prepared by common stretching equipment, the graphene prepared by the invention has the advantages in the aspects of graphene quality, yield and the like as shown in table 1.
Table 1:
| item | Index mark |
| 90% graphene sheet radial size | 15-17μm |
| 90% graphene thickness | 0.9-1.6nm |
| Stripping efficiency | 74.8% |
Compared with the prior art, the method for stripping graphene based on extensional rheology and the application of graphene have the outstanding characteristics and excellent effects that:
1. according to the method for stripping graphene based on extensional rheology and the application of graphene, provided by the invention, in a stretching mechanism for preparing graphene by stretching stripping, the volume of a cavity in a machine barrel is reduced and increased in a reciprocating manner by adopting a cam rotor in a cavity when the cam rotor operates, graphite and a viscous substance are compressed and stretched in the cavity in a reciprocating manner by a cam and a reed, a graphite mixture is indirectly stretched and sheared and stripped by a viscous additive under the bonding action of the viscous additive to obtain a graphene precursor, and the lattice damage to the graphene caused by excessive shearing force is effectively avoided.
2. The scheme is prepared in a pure physical mode, the damage of chemical reaction to the graphene structure is avoided, the obtained product is high in quality, and the pollution to the environment is less.
3. The scheme disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple preparation process, wide raw material source, low cost, stable property of the prepared precursor, easiness in storage and transportation and easiness in realization of large-scale industrial production.
Drawings
To further clarify a drawing machine for preparing graphene by drawing and peeling, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1: the structure schematic diagram of a stretcher for preparing graphene through stretching and stripping in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a drawing: schematic view of a cross section of a rotor in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made by those skilled in the art and by conventional means without departing from the spirit of the method of the invention described above.
Example 1
(1) Uniformly mixing and stirring flake graphite with the particle size of 0.5 mm, glucose and water according to the mass ratio of 1:5:2 to prepare a viscous paste graphite mixture;
(2) putting the paste graphite mixture into a feeding port of a stretcher, adding the paste graphite mixture into a feeding mechanism, then feeding the paste graphite mixture into the stretching mechanism, switching on a power transmission mechanism, controlling the working temperature to be 50 ℃, setting the rotating speed to be 500r/min, continuously compressing and stretching the paste graphite mixture in the process of continuously passing through the central shaft and the eccentric rotation motion of the cam rotor in the rotating process, periodically compressing and stretching the space of a cavity, continuously compressing and stretching the paste graphite mixture, stripping graphite into graphene in the stretching process, and collecting the graphene through a collecting mechanism.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the drawing machine includes a cylinder 10, a temperature control device 11 is disposed inside the cylinder 10, the temperature control device 11 is mounted on an inner wall of the cylinder 10, and the temperature control device 11 includes a thermocouple for measuring and feeding back the temperature in real time to control the material processing temperature to be maintained in a certain interval. The diameter of the barrel 10 is 800 mm. The feeding mechanism 20 is arranged on the machine barrel 10 and consists of at least one feeding port 21; the stretching mechanism 30 is communicated with the feeding mechanism 20 and comprises a cam rotor with an eccentric cross section as a central shaft 31, and the cam rotor is covered with a wear-resistant ceramic layer; the power transmission mechanism 40 includes a driving motor connected to the stretching mechanism 30 for driving the central shaft 31. The collecting mechanism 50 is internally provided with a constant-temperature heating device, the temperature of the heating device is controlled to be 250 ℃, and the constant-temperature heating device is used for collecting graphene. Under the drive of a driving motor, the cam rotor circularly moves around the central shaft, the rotor rotates for a circle, the volume of the containing cavity is periodically changed, under the reciprocating motion of the two reeds 32 and 33, the paste graphite mixture is continuously compressed and stretched, and graphite is peeled into graphene in the stretching process.
The collected graphene can be added into the plastic rubber, the weight ratio of the collected graphene to the plastic rubber is 0.005wt%, and the graphene rubber product can be obtained after the graphene is uniformly stirred and solidified.
The data obtained after the performance test of the graphene prepared in the example are shown in table 2.
Example 2
(1) Uniformly mixing and stirring expanded graphite with the particle size of 0.3 mm as a graphite raw material, EVA hot melt adhesive and methanol according to the mass ratio of 1:6:3 to prepare a viscous paste graphite mixture;
(2) putting the paste graphite mixture into a feeding port of a stretcher, adding the paste graphite mixture into a feeding mechanism, then feeding the paste graphite mixture into the stretching mechanism, switching on a power transmission mechanism, controlling the working temperature to be 60 ℃, setting the rotating speed to be 700r/min, continuously compressing and stretching the paste graphite mixture in the process of continuously passing through the central shaft and the eccentric rotation motion of the cam rotor in the rotating process, periodically compressing and stretching the space of a cavity, continuously compressing and stretching the paste graphite mixture, stripping graphite into graphene in the stretching process, and collecting the graphene through a collecting mechanism.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the drawing machine includes a cylinder 10, a temperature control device 11 is disposed inside the cylinder 10, the temperature control device 11 is mounted on an inner wall of the cylinder 10, and the temperature control device 11 includes a thermocouple for measuring and feeding back the temperature in real time to control the material processing temperature to be maintained in a certain interval. Barrel 10 has a diameter of 900 mm. The feeding mechanism 20 is arranged on the machine barrel 10 and consists of at least one feeding port 21; the stretching mechanism 30 is communicated with the feeding mechanism 20 and comprises a cam rotor with an eccentric cross section as a central shaft 31, and the cam rotor is covered with a wear-resistant ceramic layer; the power transmission mechanism 40 includes a driving motor connected to the stretching mechanism 30 for driving the central shaft 31. The collecting mechanism 50 is internally provided with a constant-temperature heating device, the temperature of the heating device is controlled to be 250 ℃, and the constant-temperature heating device is used for collecting graphene. Under the drive of a driving motor, the cam rotor circularly moves around the central shaft, the rotor rotates for a circle, the volume of the containing cavity is periodically changed, under the reciprocating motion of the two reeds 32 and 33, the paste graphite mixture is continuously compressed and stretched, and graphite is peeled into graphene in the stretching process.
The collected graphene can be added into plastic rubber, the weight ratio of the collected graphene to the plastic rubber is 0.008wt.%, and the graphene rubber product is obtained by curing after uniform stirring.
The data obtained after the performance test of the graphene prepared in the example are shown in table 2.
Example 3
(1) Mixing and stirring high-orientation graphite with the particle size of 0.2 mm, PA hot melt adhesive and n-propanol uniformly according to the mass ratio of 1:7:2 to prepare a viscous paste graphite mixture;
(2) putting the paste graphite mixture into a feeding port of a stretcher, adding the paste graphite mixture into a feeding mechanism, then feeding the paste graphite mixture into the stretching mechanism, switching on a power transmission mechanism, controlling the working temperature to be 60 ℃, setting the rotating speed to be 800r/min, rotating the cam rotors in the same direction, continuously passing through the central shaft, generating a compression force and a stretching force by the two cam rotors in the rotating process, continuously compressing and stretching the paste graphite mixture, stripping graphite into graphene in the stretching process, and collecting the graphene by a collecting mechanism.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the drawing machine includes a cylinder 10, a temperature control device 11 is disposed inside the cylinder 10, the temperature control device 11 is mounted on an inner wall of the cylinder 10, and the temperature control device 11 includes a thermocouple for measuring and feeding back the temperature in real time to control the material processing temperature to be maintained in a certain interval. Barrel 10 has a diameter of 900 mm. The feeding mechanism 20 is arranged on the machine barrel 10 and consists of at least one feeding port 21; the stretching mechanism 30 is communicated with the feeding mechanism 20 and comprises a cam rotor with an eccentric cross section as a central shaft 31, and the cam rotor is covered with a wear-resistant ceramic layer; the power transmission mechanism 40 includes a driving motor connected to the stretching mechanism 30 for driving the central shaft 31. The collecting mechanism 50 is internally provided with a constant-temperature heating device, the temperature of the heating device is controlled to be 250 ℃, and the constant-temperature heating device is used for collecting graphene. Under the drive of a driving motor, the cam rotor circularly moves around the central shaft, the rotor rotates for a circle, the volume of the containing cavity is periodically changed, under the reciprocating motion of the two reeds 32 and 33, the paste graphite mixture is continuously compressed and stretched, and graphite is peeled into graphene in the stretching process.
The collected graphene can be added into the plastic rubber in a weight ratio of 0.01wt.%, and the graphene rubber product is obtained by curing after uniform stirring.
The data obtained after the performance test of the graphene prepared in the example are shown in table 2.
Example 4
(1) Uniformly mixing and stirring flake graphite with the particle size of 0.3 mm, galactose and water according to the mass ratio of 1:9:4 to prepare a viscous paste graphite mixture;
(2) putting the paste graphite mixture into a feeding port of a stretcher, adding the paste graphite mixture into a feeding mechanism, then feeding the paste graphite mixture into the stretching mechanism, switching on a power transmission mechanism, controlling the working temperature to be 70 ℃, setting the rotating speed to be 900r/min, rotating the cam rotors in the same direction, continuously passing through the central shaft, generating a compression force and a stretching force by the two cam rotors in the rotating process, continuously compressing and stretching the paste graphite mixture, stripping graphite into graphene in the stretching process, and collecting the graphene by a collecting mechanism.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the drawing machine includes a cylinder 10, a temperature control device 11 is disposed inside the cylinder 10, the temperature control device 11 is mounted on an inner wall of the cylinder 10, and the temperature control device 11 includes a thermocouple for measuring and feeding back the temperature in real time to control the material processing temperature to be maintained in a certain interval. Barrel 10 has a diameter of 1000 mm. The feeding mechanism 20 is arranged on the machine barrel 10 and consists of at least one feeding port 21; the stretching mechanism 30 is communicated with the feeding mechanism 20 and comprises a cam rotor with an eccentric cross section as a central shaft 31, and the cam rotor is covered with a wear-resistant ceramic layer; the power transmission mechanism 40 includes a driving motor connected to the stretching mechanism 30 for driving the central shaft 31. The collecting mechanism 50 is internally provided with a constant-temperature heating device, the temperature of the heating device is controlled to be 250 ℃, and the constant-temperature heating device is used for collecting graphene. Under the drive of a driving motor, the cam rotor circularly moves around the central shaft, the rotor rotates for a circle, the volume of the containing cavity is periodically changed, under the reciprocating motion of the two reeds 32 and 33, the paste graphite mixture is continuously compressed and stretched, and graphite is peeled into graphene in the stretching process.
The collected graphene can be added into the plastic rubber, the weight ratio of the collected graphene to the plastic rubber is 0.015wt%, and the graphene rubber product is obtained after the graphene is uniformly stirred and solidified.
The data obtained after the performance test of the graphene prepared in the example are shown in table 2.
Example 5
(1) Mixing and stirring pyrolytic graphite with the particle size of 0.3 mm, mannose and water uniformly according to the mass ratio of 1:10:5 to prepare a viscous paste graphite mixture;
(2) putting the paste graphite mixture into a feeding port of a stretcher, adding the paste graphite mixture into a feeding mechanism, then feeding the paste graphite mixture into the stretching mechanism, switching on a power transmission mechanism, controlling the working temperature to be 80 ℃, setting the rotating speed to be 1000r/min, rotating the cam rotors in the same direction, continuously passing through the central shaft, generating a compression force and a stretching force by the two cam rotors in the rotating process, continuously compressing and stretching the paste graphite mixture, stripping graphite into graphene in the stretching process, and collecting the graphene by a collecting mechanism.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the drawing machine includes a cylinder 10, a temperature control device 11 is disposed inside the cylinder 10, the temperature control device 11 is mounted on an inner wall of the cylinder 10, and the temperature control device 11 includes a thermocouple for measuring and feeding back the temperature in real time to control the material processing temperature to be maintained in a certain interval. Barrel 10 has a diameter of 1100 mm. The feeding mechanism 20 is arranged on the machine barrel 10 and consists of at least one feeding port 21; the stretching mechanism 30 is communicated with the feeding mechanism 20 and comprises a cam rotor with an eccentric cross section as a central shaft 31, and the cam rotor is covered with a wear-resistant ceramic layer; the power transmission mechanism 40 includes a driving motor connected to the stretching mechanism 30 for driving the central shaft 31. The collecting mechanism 50 is internally provided with a constant-temperature heating device, the temperature of the heating device is controlled to be 250 ℃, and the constant-temperature heating device is used for collecting graphene. Under the drive of a driving motor, the cam rotor circularly moves around the central shaft, the rotor rotates for a circle, the volume of the containing cavity is periodically changed, under the reciprocating motion of the two reeds 32 and 33, the paste graphite mixture is continuously compressed and stretched, and graphite is peeled into graphene in the stretching process.
The collected graphene can be added into the plastic rubber, the weight ratio of the collected graphene to the plastic rubber is 0.02wt%, and the graphene rubber product is obtained after the graphene is uniformly stirred and solidified.
The data obtained after the performance test of the graphene prepared in the example are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
| Performance index | 90% graphene sheet radial size | 90% graphene thickness | Stripping efficiency |
| Example one | 15-16μm | 0.8-2nm | 64.5% |
| Example two | 16-17μm | 1.5-2nm | 68.4% |
| EXAMPLE III | 15-17μm | 0.9-1.6nm | 74.8% |
| Example four | 16-170μm | 2.1-3.7nm | 67.1% |
| EXAMPLE five | 15-17μm | 2.9-4.0nm | 62.1% |
Claims (7)
1. A method for stripping graphene based on extensional rheology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing and stirring the graphite raw material, the plastic and the solvent according to the mass ratio of 1:5-10:2-5 to prepare a viscous paste graphite mixture;
(2) putting the paste graphite mixture into a stretching mechanism, controlling the working temperature to be 50-80 ℃, setting the rotating speed to be 50-100r/min, continuously compressing and stretching the paste graphite mixture in the process that the material continuously passes through a central shaft by the stretching mechanism, carrying out eccentric rotation motion of a cam rotor in the rotating process, periodically compressing and stretching cavity spaces, stripping graphite into graphene in the stretching process, and collecting the graphene by a collecting mechanism;
the stretching mechanism includes:
the barrel is internally provided with a temperature control device;
the feeding mechanism is arranged on the machine barrel and consists of at least one feeding port;
the extensional rheological mechanism is communicated with the feeding mechanism and comprises a cam rotor with a cross section which is not coaxial with the machine barrel and a spring leaf which can be deformed in a telescopic way;
the power transmission mechanism comprises a driving motor, a transmission shaft and a transmission mechanism, wherein the driving motor is connected with the extensional rheological mechanism to conduct the central shaft and is used for driving the central shaft;
the collecting mechanism is arranged on the machine barrel, consists of at least one discharge hole and is used for collecting the graphene precursor; a heating mechanism is arranged in the collecting mechanism, and the paste is directly and continuously heated and shaped;
the paste graphite mixture formed by mixing graphite raw materials, plastic and a solvent is added into the feeding mechanism and then enters the stretching mechanism, the volume of a cavity in the machine barrel is reduced and increased in a reciprocating mode when the paste graphite mixture continuously passes through the central shaft and is operated by the cam rotor, the paste is compressed and stretched in the cavity in a reciprocating mode by the cam and the reed due to viscosity, graphite is stripped into graphene in the stretching process, damage to the graphene due to extrusion shearing is avoided, compression force and stretching force are generated, the paste graphite mixture is compressed and stretched continuously, and the graphite is stripped into the graphene in the stretching process.
2. The method for exfoliating graphene based on extensional rheology as recited in claim 1, wherein the graphite raw material is at least one of flake graphite, expanded graphite, highly oriented graphite, thermal cracking graphite, and graphite oxide, and the particle size of the graphite raw material is less than or equal to 1 mm; the plastic is at least one of EVA hot melt adhesive, PA hot melt adhesive, PE hot melt adhesive, glucose, fructose, galactose, sorbose, tagatose, inositol and mannose with adhesiveness; the solvent is at least one of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol and deionized water.
3. The method for exfoliating graphene based on extensional rheology as recited in claim 1, wherein the barrel diameter of the stretching mechanism is 800-.
4. The method for exfoliation of graphene based on extensional rheology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cam rotor is driven by the driving motor to rotate eccentrically clockwise or counterclockwise, the volume of the chamber in the cylinder is periodically reduced and increased during operation, the paste is periodically compressed and stretched by the cam and the reed in the chamber, so that the graphite is exfoliated into graphene during stretching, the graphene is prevented from being damaged by extrusion shear, and compressive force and tensile force are generated, so that the paste graphite mixture is continuously compressed and stretched, and the graphite is exfoliated into graphene during stretching.
5. The method for exfoliating graphene based on extensional rheology as recited in claim 1, wherein the cam rotor performs eccentric rotational motion along a central axis.
6. The method for exfoliating graphene based on extensional rheology as recited in claim 1, wherein the surface of the cam rotor is covered with a wear resistant ceramic layer or a wear resistant plastic layer.
7. A graphene rubber article, comprising: the graphene rubber comprises plastic rubber and graphene prepared according to claim 1, wherein the graphene accounts for 0.005-0.02 wt% of the plastic rubber, is uniformly distributed in the plastic rubber, and is subjected to post-curing to obtain a graphene rubber product.
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| CN109273134B (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2021-08-13 | 新南创新私人有限公司 | Preparation of graphene and graphene composite conductor from graphite |
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