CN106735003A - A kind of non-vacuum melting horizontal casting production technology of high-strength highly-conductive Cu Cr Zr alloy bar materials - Google Patents
A kind of non-vacuum melting horizontal casting production technology of high-strength highly-conductive Cu Cr Zr alloy bar materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN106735003A CN106735003A CN201611124063.3A CN201611124063A CN106735003A CN 106735003 A CN106735003 A CN 106735003A CN 201611124063 A CN201611124063 A CN 201611124063A CN 106735003 A CN106735003 A CN 106735003A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/045—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for horizontal casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/004—Copper alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/055—Cooling the moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/059—Mould materials or platings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/124—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of non-vacuum melting horizontal casting production technology of high-strength highly-conductive Cu Cr Zr alloy bar materials, belong to metal material processing technology of preparing field.Using horizontal casting production technology proposed by the present invention; the oxidizable problem of Cu Cr Zr melts can both be efficiently solved using the measure such as atmosphere protection, addition coverture and refining agent in antivacuum melting furnace, high equipment cost, smelting capacity limitation problem that conventional vacuum smelting zone comes can have been broken through again.Additionally, producing Cu Cr Zr alloy bar materials using horizontal continuous casting process proposed by the present invention, be conducive to the field trash in alloy melt and solidification bubbing to enter liquid phase, improve bar dense structure's property;Be conducive to obtaining the strong axial orientation columanar structure raising follow-up cold-forming property of alloy bar material.The production technology can realize Kinds of Heavy Coil, yardstick long, the high-quality continuous casting containing oxidizable, easy segregation element copper alloy with high strength and high conductivity bar.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of technology of preparing of high property copper alloy, belong to metal material processing technology of preparing field, it is special
A kind of non-vacuum melting horizontal casting production technology of high-strength highly-conductive Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar materials is not there is provided.
Background technology:
Cu-Cr-Zr alloys (0.1%~1.4% Cr, 0.02%~0.20% Zr, impurity<0.2%) with high
Intensity and excellent conduction, heat conductivility, and anti-softening temperature is high, anti-wear performance is good, is widely used in electronic component and patches
The aspects such as part, lead frame, high-speed railway contact line, water mold, are the passes of the development of the national economy and defence and military development
Key material.
The main preparation methods of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar materials have both at home and abroad at present:Vacuum casting cold-rolling practice, vacuum vertical half
Continuous casting hot-working cogging method, vacuum casting water seal extrusion etc..1) vacuum casting-cold-rolling practice:Technological equipment investment is small, is adapted to
In small lot, small-scale production, it is difficult to realize that Kinds of Heavy Coil, yardstick Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar materials long are continuously mass produced, and institute
Prepare inside ingot and be also easy to produce the casting flaws such as component segregation, tissue looseness, it is difficult to thoroughly eliminated in follow-up cold working, caused
Properties of product poor [Zhang Jindong etc., Cu-Cr-Zr alloy preparation technology for contact wire, Chinese invention patent, CN 100587091
C, 2010-02-03].2) vacuum vertical D.C.casting-hot-working cogging method:Vacuum semi-continuous casting-hot-working cogging is production high
One of effective ways of performance Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar materials [ meter Xu Jun etc., a kind of chrome zirconium copper alloy and its preparation and processing side
Method, Chinese invention patent, CN 10171876 A, 2010-06-02].But when Kinds of Heavy Coil, yardstick bar long is produced, the method
Large-scale vacuum smelting furnace and large-scale heat-processing equipment are needed, using hot-working cogging high energy consumption, iron loss greatly, and hot-working is opened
Surface acid-washing is needed after base, technological process is long, and environmental pressure is big.3) vacuum casting-water seal extrusion:The characteristics of the method is to squeeze
Pressing formation and solution hardening two procedures unite two into one, and can shorten the production procedure of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar materials.But it is big in production
When disk weight, yardstick bar long, the method needs also exist for large-scale vacuum smelting furnace and large-scale water seal extrusion equipment, and investment is high, energy consumption
Greatly, technique controlling difficulty it is big [research of the strong copper of Liu Guan-chromium-zircaloy (C18150) bar new technology, non-ferrous metals processing,
2011,40 (2):8-9.].
Consider properties of product (intensity > 500MPa, conductance > 70%IACS) and (such as high ferro contact of overlength yardstick wire rod
Line requirement > 1500m) continuous prodution requirement, existing Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar materials production method is present needs vacuum melting to set
The problems such as standby, castability is poor, single bar length/weight is restricted, technological process is long, production cost is high, it is difficult to efficiently low
Cost continuously produces high-performance, yardstick Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar materials long.Above-mentioned preparation method root of problems is Cu-Cr-
The vacuum melting of Zr alloys, conventional cast or semi-continuous casting are of poor quality, the problems such as bar length limited can be processed.Therefore, develop
A kind of Kinds of Heavy Coil based on non-vacuum melting, yardstick high-quality Cu-Cr-Zr alloy high-efficiency and continuous casting techniques long have important meaning
Justice.
The early stages such as applicant develop a kind of cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting technology of heat and [thank and build for copper-nickel alloy tubing
It is new etc., a kind of cold combination casting mold horizontal continuous casting process and equipment of copper-nickel alloy tubing heat, Chinese invention patent, CN101966564 A,
2010-10-09], its principle is on the basis of traditional water mold continuous casting, to have invented a kind of use bringing-up section and cooling section group
Into the cold combination casting mold of two-period form heat carry out the technique of continuous casting, the bringing-up section of casting mold using induction heating apparatus force plus
Heat, cooling section carries out pressure cooling using water mold, and the axially temperature of superelevation is thus set up near pipe freezing interface
Degree gradient, obtains the columanar structure of axial orientation high.The advantage of the technique is:(1) continuously cast billet for pipe-making dense structure and with height
The columanar structure of axial orientation, with excellent cold-forming property, is conducive to the following process such as room temperature rolling, drawing;(2) manage
Base inside and outside surface quality is excellent, without defects such as orange peel, fold, crackles, be not required to surfaces externally and internally milling face etc. treatment can be directly used for after
Continuous cold working;(3) larger casting speed can be obtained, the horizontal casting of large diameter thin wall pipe is capable of achieving.The invented technology is
Efficiently production provides brand-new approach to copper-alloy pipe-material.However, foregoing invention technique is difficult to directly apply to containing oxidizable,
The continuous casting of the copper alloy bar of easy segregation-alloy element.
Therefore, the present invention develops a kind of high-strength highly-conductive Cu-Cr-Zr being suitable for containing oxidizable, easy segregation element closing
The non-vacuum melting horizontal casting production technology of golden Kinds of Heavy Coil, yardstick bar long.
The content of the invention:
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of production work based on non-vacuum melting and the cold combination casting mold horizontal casting of heat
Skill, for the high-performance Cu-Cr-Zr alloys containing oxidizable, easy segregation element, and then realizes Kinds of Heavy Coil, the high-strength height of yardstick long
Lead the high-quality continuous casting of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar materials.
The technical scheme is that:
Casting apparatus for Cu-Cr-Zr alloys include the smelting system (antivacuum) of fusing metal, molten metal thermal insulation system
System, horizontal casting system and accessory system are constituted.Wherein, the horizontal casting system includes graphite casting mould, heater (sensing
Heating), cooling device (recirculated water cooling crystallizer), horizontally tracting mechanism (contain dummy bar), water spray secondary cooling device etc., it is special
Put and be:(1) the graphite casting mould inside addition BN or Al2O3Coating, with prevent Cu-Cr-Zr alloy melts or solidification after still in
The alloy bar material of the condition of high temperature reacts with graphite;(2) graphite casting mould is assemblied in heater and recirculated water cooling crystallization
In device, one end is connected with heat-insulation system exit.
A kind of short route horizontal continuous casting process of Cu-Cr-Zr alloys specifically includes following steps:
(1) 0.1wt%~1.4wt%Cr, 0.02wt%~0.20wt%Zr, impurity will be contained<0.2% Cu-Cr-Zr is closed
Gold is added in smelting furnace, is heated to 1200~1450 DEG C of fusings, as needed, argon gas protection, addition can be led in smelting system
Coverture and refining agent;
(2) BN or Al is applied to graphite casting mould inner surface2O3Coating;
(3) start casting mold heater and cooling device, casting mold bringing-up section is heated to 1150~1300 DEG C, water-cooled crystallization
The cooling water flow of device is 200~2000L/h;
(4) lift stopper, molten metal liquid be transferred in holding furnace by mozzle, close stopper, melting systems after
Continuous melting Cu-Cr-Zr alloys;
(5) temperature of holding furnace is set as 1200~1400 DEG C, stands 0.1~1h;
(6) the water spray secondary cooling device (water-carrying capacity in horizontally tracting mechanism and casting mold exit is started:100~1000L/
H), carry out continuous casting by 20~500mm/min of casting speed, obtain Kinds of Heavy Coil, yardstick long, with strong axial orientation column crystal group
The high-performance Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar materials knitted.
Advantages of the present invention:
(1) horizontal casting production technology proposed by the present invention is used, using atmosphere protection, addition in antivacuum melting furnace
The measure such as coverture and refining agent can both efficiently solve the oxidizable problem of Cu-Cr-Zr melts, conventional vacuum can be broken through again and is melted
High equipment cost, smelting capacity limitation problem that refining brings;
(2) using the cold combination casting mold continuous casting mode of heat, ultra high temperature gradient and higher can be set up near freezing interface
Cooldown rate, effectively solves the problems, such as Cu-Cr-Zr alloy graining process component segregations, improves Cu-Cr-Zr alloy continuous casting bars
Ingredient stability and uniformity;
(3) BN or Al is applied in graphite casting mould inner surface using proposed by the present invention2O3Mode, solve Cu-Cr-Zr conjunction
The problem reacted with graphite casting mould still in the alloy bar material of the condition of high temperature after golden melt or solidification;
(4) Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar materials are produced using horizontal continuous casting process proposed by the present invention, in being conducive to alloy melt
Field trash and solidification bubbing enter liquid phase, improve bar dense structure's property;Be conducive to obtaining strong axial orientation column crystal
Tissue improves the follow-up cold-forming property of alloy bar material;
(5) preparing Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar materials using horizontal continuous casting process proposed by the present invention can be by adjusting cast speed
Degree control alloy graining solid liquid interface is located in the changeover portion between bringing-up section and cooling section, scull when effectively reducing alloy graining
Frictional force between length and scull and casting mold, improves the surface quality of bar, and can realize Kinds of Heavy Coil, yardstick Cu-Cr-Zr long
The efficient preparation of alloy bar material.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the horizontal continuous casting equipment of high-strength highly-conductive Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar materials proposed by the present invention.
Description of symbols in Fig. 1:1- smelting furnaces;2nd, 5,9- is thermocouple;3- stoppers;4- covertures and refining agent;6- is protected
Warm stove;7- mozzles;8- induction heating apparatuses;10- recirculated water cooling crystallizers;11-Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar stocks;12- levels are led
Draw mechanism;13-Cu-Cr-Zr aluminium alloys;14- is with internally coated graphite casting mould;15- water spray secondary cooling devices;I- bringing-up sections;
II- cooling sections
Specific embodiment:
Technical scheme is described further with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Horizontal continuous casting equipment proposed by the present invention is by smelting system (1,3,4), heat-insulation system (6) and horizontal casting system
(8,10,12,14,15) and accessory system (2,5,9) etc. are constituted.The function of smelting system is will to meet the conjunction of composition proportion requirement
Golden rapid melting, and for heat-insulation system provides alloy melt;The function of heat-insulation system is the alloy melt for providing smelting system
Anti-oxidation, standing, degasification, slagging-off are carried out, and for horizontal casting system provides the melt for requiring temperature;The work(of horizontal casting system
Can be that holding furnace inner metal liquid is shaped into the bar of required size by controlling solidified cast, and realize continuously casting;Auxiliary system
Unite as whole system parameter detecting and preserve related data.
Horizontal casting general principle proposed by the present invention is as follows:After alloy melts and stand in smelting furnace (1), plug is extracted
Rod (3) enters insulation in holding furnace (6) by mozzle (7);When the temperature of holding furnace and the temperature of bringing-up section reach setting value
Afterwards, opening horizontally tracting mechanism (12) carries out bar continuous casting shaping.During experiment, can by adjust melt temperature, bringing-up section temperature,
Cooling section cooling water flow and casting speed etc., control the surface quality and structure property of bar.
Embodiment 1:The continuous casting shaping of diameter of phi 30mm Cu-1.0%Cr-0.16%Zr alloy bar materials
(1) 1.0wt%Cr, 0.16%Zr, impurity will be contained<0.2% Cu-Cr-Zr alloys are added in smelting furnace, are heated to
1350 DEG C of fusings, lead to argon gas protection in smelting system;
(2) Al is applied to graphite casting mould inner surface2O3Coating;
(3) start casting mold heater and cooling device, casting mold bringing-up section be heated to 1300 DEG C, water mold it is cold
But water-carrying capacity is 600L/h;
(4) lift stopper, molten metal liquid be transferred in holding furnace by mozzle, close stopper, smelting system after
Continuous melting Cu-Cr-Zr alloys;
(5) temperature of holding furnace is set as 1300 DEG C, stands 0.6h;
(6) water spray secondary cooling device (water-carrying capacity 300L/h) in horizontally tracting mechanism and casting mold exit is started, to draw
Teeming speed degree carries out continuous casting for 200mm/min, obtains diameter 30mm, yardstick long, the property high with strong axial orientation columanar structure
Can Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar materials.
Embodiment 2:The continuous casting shaping of diameter of phi 50mm Cu-0.5%Cr-0.08%Zr alloy bar materials
(1) by Cr, the Zr of 0.08wt%, impurity containing 0.5wt%<0.2% Cu-Cr-Zr alloys are added in smelting furnace,
1300 DEG C of fusings are heated to, coverture and refining agent is added;
(2) Al is applied to graphite casting mould inner surface2O3Coating;
(3) start casting mold heater and cooling device, casting mold bringing-up section be heated to 1250 DEG C, water mold it is cold
But water-carrying capacity is 800L/h;
(4) lift stopper, molten metal liquid be transferred in holding furnace by mozzle, close stopper, smelting system after
Continuous melting Cu-Cr-Zr alloys;
(5) temperature of holding furnace is set as 1250 DEG C, stands 0.4h;
(6) the water spray secondary cooling device (water-carrying capacity in horizontally tracting mechanism and casting mold exit is started:500L/h), with drawing
Teeming speed degree carries out continuous casting for 80mm/min, obtains diameter 50mm, yardstick long, the high-performance with strong axial orientation columanar structure
Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar materials.
Embodiment 3:The continuous casting shaping of diameter of phi 80mm Cu-0.2%Cr-0.04%Zr alloy bar materials
(1) 0.2wt%Cr, 0.04wt%Zr, impurity will be contained<0.2% Cu-Cr-Zr alloys are put into smelting furnace, heating
To 1250 DEG C of fusings, coverture and refining agent are added;
(2) BN coatings are applied to graphite casting mould inner surface;
(3) start casting mold heater and cooling device, casting mold bringing-up section be heated to 1200 DEG C, water mold it is cold
But water-carrying capacity is 1000L/h;
(4) lift stopper, molten metal liquid be transferred in holding furnace by mozzle, close stopper, smelting system after
Continuous melting Cu-Cr-Zr alloys;
(5) temperature of holding furnace is set as 1200 DEG C, stands 0.5h;
(6) the water spray secondary cooling device (water-carrying capacity in horizontally tracting mechanism and casting mold exit is started:800L/h), with drawing
Teeming speed degree carries out continuous casting for 50mm/min, obtains diameter 80mm, yardstick long, the high-performance with strong axial orientation columanar structure
Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar materials.
Claims (5)
1. the non-vacuum melting horizontal casting production technology of a kind of high-strength highly-conductive Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar materials, it is characterised in that specific
Including:
(1) by Cu-Cr-Zr alloys addition smelting furnace, 1200~1450 DEG C of fusings are heated to, as needed, in smelting system
Interior logical argon gas protection, addition coverture and refining agent;
(2) BN or Al is applied to graphite casting mould inner surface2O3Coating;
(3) casting mold heater and cooling device are started;
(4) lift stopper, molten metal liquid is transferred in holding furnace by mozzle, close stopper, melting systems continue molten
Refining Cu-Cr-Zr alloys;
(5) holding furnace insulation stands a period of time;
(6) start the water spray secondary cooling device in horizontally tracting mechanism and casting mold exit, continuous casting carried out with certain casting speed,
Obtain Kinds of Heavy Coil, yardstick long, the high-performance Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar materials with strong axial orientation columanar structure.
2. the non-vacuum melting horizontal casting production technology of high-strength highly-conductive Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar materials according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that step (1) the Cu-Cr-Zr alloying components are:0.1wt%~1.4wt%Cr, 0.02wt%~0.20wt%
Zr, impurity<0.2%, balance of copper.
3. the non-vacuum melting horizontal casting production technology of high-strength highly-conductive Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar materials according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that step (3) the casting mold heater casting mold bringing-up section heating-up temperature is 1150~1300 DEG C, cooling device water
The cooling water flow of cooling crystallizer is 200~2000L/h.
4. the non-vacuum melting horizontal casting production technology of high-strength highly-conductive Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar materials according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that the temperature of step (5) described holding furnace is set as 1200~1400 DEG C, 0.1~1h of time of repose.
5. the non-vacuum melting horizontal casting production technology of high-strength highly-conductive Cu-Cr-Zr alloy bar materials according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that the water-carrying capacity of step (6) the water spray secondary cooling device is 100~1000L/h;The cast of horizontally tracting mechanism
Speed is 20~500mm/min.
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