CN106732432A - A kind of shitosan/persimmon tannin composite and preparation method thereof and the application in Ti recovery - Google Patents
A kind of shitosan/persimmon tannin composite and preparation method thereof and the application in Ti recovery Download PDFInfo
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- CN106732432A CN106732432A CN201710034982.XA CN201710034982A CN106732432A CN 106732432 A CN106732432 A CN 106732432A CN 201710034982 A CN201710034982 A CN 201710034982A CN 106732432 A CN106732432 A CN 106732432A
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- shitosan
- persimmon tannin
- composite
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- germanium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B41/00—Obtaining germanium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
- B01J2220/4825—Polysaccharides or cellulose materials, e.g. starch, chitin, sawdust, wood, straw, cotton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Abstract
Application the present invention relates to a kind of shitosan/persimmon tannin composite and preparation method thereof and in Ti recovery.The technical scheme of use is：Shitosan is taken in there-necked flask, appropriate ethanol solution is added, then instills epoxychloropropane solution, then reacted at a certain temperature, cooled down, suction filtration, washing obtains intermediate product to neutrality.Persimmon tannin is placed in another reaction vessel, deionized water is added, regulation pH is 9 10, adds intermediate product, and mixture is stirred into 6 hours afterwards at 40 50 DEG C, is cooled down, suction filtration, and washing obtains shitosan/persimmon tannin composite CS Cl PT to neutrality.Shitosan/persimmon tannin composite of the invention obtained, can from the mixed solution containing germanium and arsenic selective absorption germanium, not only economize on resources, environment-protecting clean, and being with a wide range of applications.
Description
Technical field
Preparation the invention belongs to composite and the extractive technique field to dissipated metal, and in particular to a kind of shell gathers
Sugar/persimmon tannin composite and preparation method thereof and the application in Ti recovery.
Background technology
Germanium is a kind of rare and scatter element, and abundant in China's germanium resource, storage capacity ranks first in the world, and has been widely used for space flight
The fields such as aviation, light communication, infrared optics, electronic device, solar cell, biomedicine.Have now found that germanium mineral have 11
Kind, it is primarily present in Namibia germanium silicon, germanite, calcium germanium alum, itoite, germanium iron-stone and germanium magnetic iron ore, but germanium is on ground
Without independent deposit in shell, many associations are in Non-ferrous minerals, and content is low, and distribution is wide, at present, mainly from zinc metallurgy and combustion
Germanium is extracted in the accessory substance of coal.
At present, the method for Ti recovery has many kinds, there is chlorization distillation method, resin adsorption method, microemulsion method, zinc dust precipitation
Method, ion-exchange, extraction and electrolysis, in addition also the acid-hatching of young eggs, alkaline leaching, combination method, alkali fusion-in it is legal and
Vacuum melting method etc..Once substantial amounts of exploration had been done in terms of solvent extraction by China, and it is the weight for separating, being enriched with germanium compound
The extractant of method, conventional extracted germanium is wanted to be broadly divided into three classes.One be hydroxyl oximes respectively with LIX 63 as representative and with
Kelex 100 is the quinolines of representative, and this kind of extractants is mostly external product；Two is amine extractant, and there is N235 the country, but
Also without examples of industrial application；Three is hydroximic acid, such as H106 (the different hydroxamic acid of tridecyl tertiary carbon), YW100,7815, HGS98
Deng this kind of extractants is generally domestic-developed, but these extractants still suffer from some problems in commercial Application.And utilize biological
Composite material Ti recovery from the waste liquid of germanium, not only economizes on resources, and environment-protecting clean, can be widely applied to agricultural and work
In industry waste material, there is very big prospect in commercial Application.
At the same time, persimmon tannin is a kind of natural biological copolymer, in China's persimmon abundance, is occupied first of the world,
Its structure be comprising several o-dihydroxies and adjacent triatomic aromatic rings (poly- hydroxyl polyphenol), can as a kind of multidentate ligand with
There is complex reaction in metal ion, so the metal ion in energy efficient absorption and selective binding solution, but persimmon list
Water rather is highly soluble in, solable matter therein dissolving is easily caused and is caused the oxygen demand in adsorption capacity reduction, water to increase etc.
Problem.
The content of the invention
Water is highly soluble in present invention is generally directed to persimmon tannin, solable matter dissolving therein is easily caused and is caused to inhale
The problems such as oxygen demand increases in the reduction of attached ability, water, it is proposed that will " shitosan and persimmon tannin both biological materials are carried out
It is compound " viewpoint, from only being utilized with low-level or existing obsolete Pericarpium Kaki and shitosan are as raw material, study it to waste liquid
The recovery ability of middle germanium, the inventive method is simple to operate, and environment-protecting clean, resource utilization is high, and the selectivity to germanium is high, treatment week
Phase is short, and reusable edible, with practical value very high.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：A kind of shitosan/persimmon tannin composite (CS-Cl-PT),
Preparation method comprises the following steps：
1) shitosan (CS) is mixed with ethanol solution, then instills epoxychloropropane, in reacting 3-4h at 70 DEG C -85 DEG C,
Cooling, suction filtration is washed to neutrality, obtains intermediate product CS-Cl；
2) persimmon tannin is dissolved in deionized water, regulation pH is 9-10, adds intermediate product CS-Cl, is well mixed, will
After stirring 6-7h at 40-50 DEG C, cooling, suction filtration is washed to neutrality mixture, obtains target product shitosan/persimmon list
Peaceful composite CS-Cl-PT.
A kind of above-mentioned shitosan/persimmon tannin composite, the volume fraction of described ethanol solution is 40%-
55%.
A kind of above-mentioned shitosan/persimmon tannin composite, in mass ratio, shitosan:Epoxychloropropane=2:2-7.
A kind of above-mentioned shitosan/persimmon tannin composite, in mass ratio, shitosan:Persimmon tannin=1.5-2.5:
4。
A kind of above-mentioned shitosan/persimmon tannin composite, described regulation pH is 9-10, using NaOH, Na2CO3Or
NaHCO3Any aqueous slkali.
The synthetic route of CS-Cl-PT of the present invention is as follows：
Shitosan/application of the persimmon tannin composite in Ti recovery prepared by the present invention.Method is as follows：Regulation is germanic
The pH=8-10 of solion, adds above-mentioned shitosan/persimmon tannin composite, concussion absorption 24-48h.Use eluant, eluent
Eluted, described eluant, eluent is the NaOH solution of the ethanol solution of the 50% of 1-3mol/L HCl, 0.75-2.0mol/L.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, abundance：China is that persimmon cultivated area maximum, persimmon fruit yield highest are national in the world at present, and this hair
Bright persimmon tannin is just taken from Pericarpium Kaki.
2nd, it is easy to operate：With persimmon tannin be combined shitosan by simple chemical treatment method by the present invention, was synthesized
Journey is simple and safe.
3rd, it is with low cost：Biological material used by the present invention is the discarded object that people usually abandon, almost without cost,
Also relatively easy to its processing method, cost is greatly lowered.
4th, in the present invention, under certain acidity, composite has larger adsorbance to the germanium in waste liquid, and uses
50% ethanol solution of 1mol/L HCl and the NaOH solution of 1.5-2.0mol/L can be eluted the germanium of absorption.
5th, obtained by the present invention persimmon tannin and the composite of shitosan can be from the mixing of the arsenic of high concentration and germanium
Selective absorption germanium in solution, it is possible to achieve the Ti recovery in actual feed liquid.
6th, the present invention, shitosan as natural green biological adsorption material, the metal active with amino and methylol
Site, itself can occur chelation with many kinds of metal ions, it is also possible to be combined with other various biological materials, this
With persimmon tannin be successfully combined with each other shitosan by invention, not only realizes the reasonable utilization to biological material, and
Good selectivity is adsorbed with to germanium in solution, is with a wide range of applications and application field.
7th, the composite of shitosan and persimmon tannin prepared by the present invention can from the waste liquid of germanium Ti recovery, this is compound
Biological material energy saving used by the preparation of material, cheap, abundance, with stronger actual application ability.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the infrared figure after shitosan/persimmon tannin composite prepared by embodiment 1 and its absorption germanium.
Fig. 2 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph after shitosan/persimmon tannin composite prepared by embodiment 1 and its absorption germanium.
Fig. 3 be embodiment 2 prepare shitosan/persimmon tannin composite under different pH to the adsorption rate of Ge (IV).
Fig. 4 is that shitosan/persimmon tannin composite prepared by embodiment 1 is separated from the arsenic solution containing high concentration to germanium
Effect statistical chart.
Specific embodiment
A kind of shitosan of embodiment 1/persimmon tannin composite
(1) preparation method
1) 2g shitosans (CS) are taken in there-necked flask, 50% (v/v) ethanol solution of 40mL, then the ring for instilling 4g is added
Oxygen chloropropane solution, reacts 3h at 80 DEG C, cooling, and suction filtration is first washed with ethanol, then neutrality is washed with deionized water,
Obtain intermediate product CS-Cl.
2) persimmon tannin of 4g is placed in another reaction vessel, adds the deionized water of 80mL, adjusting pH with NaOH is
10, intermediate product CS-Cl is added, after then mixture is heated at 45 DEG C and stir 6h, filtering is first carried out with dilute HCl
Washing, then it is washed till neutrality with deionization.After product is dried into 24h in 50 DEG C of baking oven, grinding sieving, finally giving particle diameter is
100-150 μm of shitosan/persimmon tannin composite CS-Cl-PT.
(2) result
1) Fig. 1 is respectively the infrared spectrogram of CS, CS-Cl, CS-Cl-PT, CS-Cl-PT load Ge (IV).3451cm-1Place
Absworption peak be-NH2With-OH characteristic absorption peaks, 3000-2700cm-1Absworption peak for C-H stretching vibration peak.Compare CS and
The infrared spectrum of CS-Cl finds：1640-1600cm in CS-1There is stronger-NH2In-plane bending peak, but this peak in CS-Cl
Die down and narrow, illustrate-the NH of CS2Reaction is there occurs with epoxychloropropane；730cm in CS-Cl-1There is the INFRARED ABSORPTION of C-Cl at place
Peak, it was demonstrated that CS successfully reacts with epoxychloropropane.The infrared spectrum for comparing CS-Cl and CS-Cl-PT finds：CS-Cl-PT
In the infrared absorption peak of-OH substantially weaken, illustrate that a part of hydroxyl of tannin take part in reaction, while in 2347cm-1Place is free
Hydrogen bond peak disappear, further prove tannin be successfully combined with shitosan.Contrast CS-Cl-PT and CS-Cl-PT loads Ge (IV)
Infrared spectrum find：1400cm in CS-Cl-PT-1There is the in-plane bending vibration peak of-OH at place, CS-Cl-PT's loads Ge (IV)
The in-plane bending vibration peak of-OH disappears in infrared spectrum, but in 2347cm-1There is the absworption peak of free hydrogen bond, it was demonstrated that CS-Cl-
- OH functional groups take part in the absorption of Ge (IV) in PT, while the also generation of hydrogen bond.
2) in Fig. 2, (a) and (b) is respectively the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of persimmon tannin and persimmon tannin and Chitosan Composites,
Wherein there are many strip fragments in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of tannin, and in being randomly distributed；And persimmon tannin is answered with shitosan
The scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph surface relative smooth of condensation material, and more fold and duct is occurred in that, destroy the structure of tannin.
A kind of shitosan of embodiment 2/persimmon tannin composite is under different acidity to the adsorption effect of germanium
(1) preparation method
1) shitosan of 1.5g, 2g, 2.5g is taken respectively in 3 there-necked flasks, and addition 40mL, 50% (v/v) ethanol are molten
Liquid, then the epoxychloropropane of 4g is instilled, 3h is reacted at 80 DEG C, cool down, suction filtration is first washed with ethanol, then uses deionized water
Neutrality is washed, intermediate product CS-Cl is obtained.
2) persimmon tannin of 4g is respectively placed in 3 different reaction vessels, the deionized water of each addition 80mL is used
NaOH regulations pH is 10, is separately added into intermediate product CS-Cl obtained above, mixture is heated at 45 DEG C and is stirred 6h it
Afterwards, suction filtration, is first washed with dilute HCl, then is washed with deionized water to neutrality.3 kinds of different products are dried in 50 DEG C of baking oven
After 24h, grinding sieving, the shitosan of the different shitosans of finally give that particle diameter is 100-150 μm 3 kinds and persimmon tannin ratio/
Persimmon tannin composite.
(2) result
Take 10mg above-mentioned shitosan/persimmon tannin composite be added separately to 10mL that pH is 1,3,6,8,10,
In the germanium solution of 20ppm, then put it into concussion case under the rotating speed of 180r/min, 24h, mistake are shaken at a temperature of 303K
Filter, takes filtrate and stoste surveys its adsorption rate.Result is as shown in Figure 3.
As seen from Figure 3, the rate of recovery of the shitosan/persimmon tannin composite when pH is 8-10 to germanium is maximum, and three kinds are not
Material in proportion is all up to more than 80% to the adsorption rate of germanium.
A kind of shitosan of embodiment 3/persimmon tannin composite is from the arsenic solution containing high concentration to germanium separating effect
The mixed liquor of the 1ppmAs and 1ppmGe of existing pH=10, the mixed liquor of 10ppmAs and 1ppmGe,
The mixed liquor of 50ppmAs and 1ppmGe, the mixed liquor of 80ppmAs and 1ppmGe, the compound of 100ppmAs and 1ppmGe
Liquid, takes the above-mentioned feed liquids of 10mL respectively, and the shitosan/persimmon tannin composite for adding 10mg embodiments 1 to prepare shakes 24 hours
Afterwards, filter, determine the concentration of stoste and filtrate.Result is as shown in Figure 4.
From fig. 4, it can be seen that as the content of As (III) in solution is raised, the adsorbance of Ge (IV) is barely affected, because
This, it can be deduced that conclusion, the concentration ratio of the concentration of As (III) and Ge (IV) is 100 in solution:Within 1 all without to shitosan/
Persimmon tannin composite is impacted to the selectivity of Ge (IV), and the composite synthesized by the present invention can be from containing high concentration
As (III) waste water in selective recovery Ge (IV).
Wash-out effect of the acid-base solution of the various concentrations of embodiment 4 to the composite of load germanium
1) CS-Cl-PT for weighing the preparation of embodiment 1 of 100mg is added in the germanium solution of the 200ppm of 100mL, is shaken
Taken out after 48h and filtered, the composite of adsorption saturation is dried
2) by the eluent of the composite after drying and various concentrations with solid-to-liquid ratio 1：1 is mixed, after concussion 24h
Take out and filter, survey the concentration of germanium ion in solution, as a result as shown in table 1.
3) as shown in Table 1,1mol/L HCl in50% ethanol, 1.5mol/L NaOH-2.0mol/LNaOH are to load germanium
Composite wash-out effect preferably, be all up to more than 97%.
Wash-out effect of the different eluents of table 1 to germanium
A kind of shitosan of embodiment 5/cycle performance of the persimmon tannin composite on Ti recovery
Method is as follows：The germanium solution of the 200ppm of 100mL is taken, the shell for being added thereto to the preparation of embodiment 1 of 100mg gathers
Sugar/persimmon tannin composite, shakes 48h, and the germanium metal in solution is adsorbed, and is computed the composite pair of 1000mg
The load capacity of germanium metal is 36mg or so, and the composite for loading germanium is washed with deionized water to neutrality after filtering, is added
The ethanol of 1mol/L HCl-50% or the HCl of 1.5-2.0mol/L are parsed, and calculate its elution amount, by the suction of five times
After attached-parsing circulation, as shown in Table 2, the rate of recovery still can reach more than 85%, it is seen that the shitosan is compound with persimmon tannin
Recovery of the material to germanium has good recycling ability.
The absorb-elute circular list of the CS-Cl-PT of table 2
Claims (8)
1. a kind of shitosan/persimmon tannin composite, it is characterised in that：Preparation method comprises the following steps：
1) shitosan is mixed with ethanol solution, then instills epoxychloropropane, in 3-4h is reacted at 70 DEG C -85 DEG C, cooled down, taken out
Filter, washs to neutrality, obtains intermediate product CS-Cl；
2) persimmon tannin is dissolved in deionized water, regulation pH is 9-10, adds intermediate product CS-Cl, is well mixed, and will be mixed
After stirring 6-7h at 40-50 DEG C, cooling, suction filtration is washed to neutrality thing, obtains target product shitosan/persimmon tannin multiple
Condensation material CS-Cl-PT.
2. a kind of shitosan/persimmon tannin composite as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described ethanol solution
Volume fraction be 40%-55%.
3. a kind of shitosan/persimmon tannin composite as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In mass ratio, shell gathers
Sugar:Epoxychloropropane=2:2-7.
4. a kind of shitosan/persimmon tannin composite as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In mass ratio, shell gathers
Sugar:Persimmon tannin=1.5-2.5:4.
5. a kind of shitosan/persimmon tannin composite as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described regulation pH is
9-10, using NaOH, Na2CO3Or NaHCO3Any aqueous slkali.
6. the shitosan described in any one of claim 1-5/application of the persimmon tannin composite in Ti recovery.
7. application as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that method is as follows：The pH=8-10 of germanic solion is adjusted, plus
Enter the shitosan/persimmon tannin composite described in claim any one of 1-5, concussion absorption 24-48h.
8. application as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that method is as follows：Eluted with eluant, eluent, described eluant, eluent
It is the 50% of 1-3mol/L HCl ethanol solution, the NaOH solution of 0.75-2.0mol/L.
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| CN109046252A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-21 | 辽宁大学 | Carbon nanotube and Chinese tannin composite material and preparation method and the application in recycling gallium |
| CN111229175A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-06-05 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | Immobilized tannin rich in rare-earth metal, preparation method and method for enriching rare-earth metal by using immobilized tannin |
| CN112691647A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-23 | 辽宁大学 | Propylene glycol modified chitosan adsorbent, preparation method thereof and application thereof in germanium adsorption |
| CN113926429A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-01-14 | 辽宁大学 | Hydroxyl modified titanium dioxide composite material, preparation method thereof and application thereof in germanium recovery |
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| CN112691647A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-23 | 辽宁大学 | Propylene glycol modified chitosan adsorbent, preparation method thereof and application thereof in germanium adsorption |
| CN113926429A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-01-14 | 辽宁大学 | Hydroxyl modified titanium dioxide composite material, preparation method thereof and application thereof in germanium recovery |
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