CN106725516B - Inner ear noise intensity measurement method based on variable loudness adjustment - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an inner ear noise intensity measuring method based on variable loudness adjustment by starting from auditory perception and attention mechanisms of ears and combining a psychophysics method. The method comprises the steps of firstly establishing sound stimulation to be tested experimentally, and carrying out loudness adjustment on sound combination of a certain reference loudness and frequency in two modes, including constant-level sound stimulation and variable-level sound stimulation; then, for each adjusting mode, a tester judges the experimental stimulus by playing a target sound group to be tested in an experiment, and a key determines which section of two horizontal sound stimuli contains larger average intensity; and finally, analyzing and fitting the numerical value by acquiring sound stimulation evaluation data under different reference loudness and frequency combinations and different variability loudness levels, and obtaining a measurement result of the inner ear noise intensity according to a fitting formula.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of acoustic testing, in particular to an inner ear noise intensity measuring method based on variability loudness adjustment.
Background
Tinnitus is a subjective auditory experience produced by an individual in the absence of a responsive external sound stimulus, and is a common symptom caused by auditory dysfunction. Studies have indicated that about 70% of people with hearing loss have problems with tinnitus. The incidence rate of tinnitus is extremely high, and some tinnitus seriously affects the life quality of patients, so that emotional disorders such as anxiety, depression and the like occur, and even the patients have suicidal thoughts. For many years, the efficacy of tinnitus treatments has been limited due to a lack of understanding of the overall mechanism of tinnitus.
Subjective tinnitus refers to "symptoms of sound sensation in the ear or intracranial when stimulated by external sound source-free stimulation or electrical stimulation, and lasts more than 5 minutes". In the presence of loud noise, the auditory cells of the inner ear are damaged, transmitting false auditory signals to the brain, causing tinnitus. Noise-induced hearing loss, also known as noise-induced deafness, is a slow, progressive auditory injury that occurs as a result of prolonged exposure to noise, with the damaged area in the inner ear; the inner ear of the human body has 18000 auditory cells, ciliated cells with a diameter of about 0.01 mm, which sense hearing, are susceptible to noise and cannot regenerate after being injured.
The diagnosis and treatment of tinnitus is tinnitus diagnosis made according to subjective auditory experience of a patient; and then tinnitus treatment is carried out according to the result of tinnitus diagnosis. The core of tinnitus diagnosis lies in tinnitus detection, i.e. the acoustic characteristics of tinnitus are used to make "characteristic" diagnosis for each tinnitus patient, which is also a prerequisite for tinnitus treatment.
Tinnitus detection mainly involves four psychoacoustic features of tinnitus: loudness, frequency, minimum masking level, and post-residual suppression. The key of tinnitus detection is rapid, efficient and accurate tinnitus matching. Loudness recruitment or post-masking effects are the most dominant factors affecting tinnitus matching results. Loudness matching at the frequency where hearing is best reflects the tinnitus severity more realistically than matching at the frequency where the tinnitus is located. The loudness of the sound determines the level of the sound.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an inner ear noise intensity measuring method based on variable loudness adjustment by starting from auditory perception and attention mechanisms of ears and combining a psychophysics method. The method comprises the steps of firstly establishing sound stimulation to be tested experimentally, and carrying out loudness adjustment on sound combination of a certain reference loudness and frequency in two modes, including constant-level sound stimulation and variable-level sound stimulation; then, for each adjusting mode, a tester judges the experimental stimulus by playing a target sound group to be tested in an experiment, and a key determines which section of two horizontal sound stimuli contains larger average intensity; and finally, analyzing and fitting the numerical value by acquiring sound stimulation evaluation data under different reference loudness and frequency combinations and different variability loudness levels, and obtaining a measurement result of the inner ear noise intensity according to a fitting formula.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) generating a stimulating sound at a constant level at different levels of a variable loudness interval based on a sound combination of a certain reference loudness and frequency;
(2) controlling to play the experimental stimulation sound group according to the key response of the tested person to the judgment of the two sound intensities with different loudness;
(3) acquiring experimental data, and fitting to obtain the intensity of internal noise at a constant level;
(4) generating the stimulation sound in another loudness adjustment mode, namely in different variability loudness intervals and at a change level, and then obtaining the intensity amount of the internal noise at the change level like the step (2) and the step (3);
(5) for sound combinations of other loudness and frequency, obtaining corresponding constant-level and variable-level internal noise intensity values by the steps similar to the above steps;
(6) and visually displaying the measurement result.
Wherein the step (1) generates the stimulation sound at a constant level at different variable loudness interval levels based on a sound combination of a certain reference loudness and frequency, specifically, generates two sound levels, i.e., a sound level 1 (a 1) and a sound level 2 (a 2), at a constant level for a certain reference loudness L1 and a frequency F1 which are set in advance. The overall level of sound level 1 (A1) and sound level 2 (A2) had a frequency of F1 Hz, and the average level had an intensity ofLThe 1 dB SPL, specifically the A1 and A2, respectively, has a sound of: (L1-
) dB SPL andL1+
) The sound levels of dB SPL, A1 and A2 all have different intensities
。
Wherein, step (2) is according to the button reaction of being tested the people to two kinds of sound intensity judgments of different loudness, and the control is broadcast experimental stimulation sound group, specifically is: during the experimental test, the tester judges which of the two played sound stimuli with short intervals contains the sound stimulus level with larger average intensity, and when the playing of each experimental stimulus is finished, the tester immediately makes an alternative forcible judgment. When the key pressing judgment of the testee is continuously and correctly performed twice,
the difficulty of distinguishing between two sounds with different loudness is reduced, namely increased; when the key press judgment of the testee is wrong,
will become larger, i.e. reduce the difficulty of distinguishing between two sounds of different loudness. When in use
After conversion, the original frequency F1 and the new A1, A2 sound loudness level (L1-
) dB SPL andL1+
) dB SPL, the stimulating sound is regenerated and played as described above. After the testee presses the key for K times, if K =50, the loudness interval corresponding to the last p inflection points is selected
And averaging to obtain an average value, namely the critical loudness interval of the test. For the reference loudness and frequencymTesting each experimental test, then averaging the m critical loudness intervals to obtain the final critical loudness interval value of the tested person in the reference loudness and frequency
。
The step (3) of obtaining experimental data and fitting the experimental data to obtain the intensity of the internal noise at a constant level specifically comprises the following steps: based on the final critical loudness interval value of the tested person under a certain reference loudness and frequency obtained in the last step
According to the discriminatory power index
At a constant level
Intensity of noise of inner ear
I.e. the intensity of the inner ear noise measured at a constant level at a certain reference loudness and frequency is muchMean of critical loudness intervals for individual trials.
Wherein, step (4) produces the stimulus sound with the change level in another loudness adjustment mode, namely under the interval of different variability loudness, specifically: a stimulus sound level 1 (A3) and a sound level 2 (a 4) are generated. The frequency of sound level 1 (A3) and sound level 2 (A4) was F1 Hz, with an average level of L1 dB SPL. Here, a zero-mean gaussian random variable is introduced into the overall levels of sound level 1 (A3) and sound level 2 (a 4), and the standard deviation of the random variable is set to 1/2, which is the mean difference of the two spaced levels. Wherein the mean difference between the two distributed sound levels is
I.e. the average of the two distributions is (L1-
) dB SPL and (L1 +
) dB SPL, the common standard deviation of the two distributions is 1/2
. The final sound level 1 (A3) and the sound level 2 (A4) have loudness values of (L1-
+λ1) dB SPL and (L1 +
+λ2）dB SPL，λ1,λ2All are mean values of 0 and standard deviations of
Is determined.
Acquiring experimental data similar to the step (2) and the step (3), and fitting and calculating the intensity of the internal noise under the change level, specifically: noise of ambient sound at varying levelsSound intensity
So the noise intensity of the inner ear
I.e. the intensity of the inner ear noise measured at a certain reference loudness and frequency at varying levels is the average of the critical loudness intervals of a number of trials multiplied by 0.866.
In the step (5), for sound combinations of other loudness and frequency, the corresponding intensity amounts of the internal noise at the constant level and the varying level are obtained similarly to the above steps, specifically: for sound combinations of other loudness and frequency, for example, the loudness is [10dB,30dB,50dB,70dB,90dB ], the frequency is [500Hz,1000Hz,2000Hz,4000Hz,8000Hz ], and after the loudness and frequency are combined, 25 reference test points are formed. And (4) acquiring the intensity of the internal noise of each combined reference test point under a constant level and a variable level by utilizing the steps 1-4.
Wherein, step (6) carries out visual display to the measuring result, specifically: and visually displaying the internal noise intensity quantity obtained by the constant level and the change level. And for each reference test point of the loudness and frequency combination, testing by m test tests, and acquiring the variance value when acquiring the average value of the m critical loudness intervals. And displaying the intensity of the inner ear noise and a corresponding variance value in the Z-axis direction in a three-dimensional manner for the 25 reference test points after the combination of the loudness and the frequency by taking the loudness as an X-axis, the frequency as a Y-axis and the intensity of the inner ear noise as a Z-axis. Fig. 3 and 4 respectively correspond to the visual display results of the noise intensity of the inner ear of the tested person at different reference test point positions under the constant level and the variable level.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for controlling the playing process of sounds with different loudness in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the results of visualizing the intensity of inner ear noise obtained with various combinations of reference loudness and frequency in a constant level adjustment mode.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the results of visualizing the intensity of inner ear noise obtained with various combinations of reference loudness and frequency in varying level adjustments.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
The method for measuring the inner ear noise intensity is a subjective measurement method based on repeated auditory judgment of a patient, and the method comprises the following specific steps.
First, the stimulating sound is generated at a constant level at different levels of the variable loudness intervals based on a certain combination of sound at a reference loudness and frequency.
For a preset certain reference loudness L1 and frequency F1, such as loudness L =70dB and frequency 2000Hz, aiming at different loudness intervals
Such as
Is 40dB, two sound levels, i.e., sound level 1 (a 1) and sound level 2 (a 2), are generated at a constant level. The overall level of sound level 1 (A1) and sound level 2 (A2) has a frequency of F1 Hz, an average level intensity of L1 dB SPL, and the specific levels of A1 and A2 are (L1-
) dB SPL and (L1 +
) The dBSPL, A1 and A2 sound levels all have differences in intensity
。
Loudness interval
Is a variable which can be changed subsequently along with the test reaction of the tested person, for example, when the tested person presses a key incorrectly,
will become large; otherwise, when the key is pressed correctly,
it becomes smaller. According to the above steps according to the difference
Generating corresponding to the difference
The group of sound stimuli to be experimentally tested.
And secondly, controlling to play the experimental stimulation sound group according to the key response of the tested person to the judgment of the two sound intensities with different loudness.
In the course of experimental tests, a certain loudness interval
The two sound stimuli generated in the following step are played to the testee. The sequence of playing the experimental stimulation sound set to be tested is shown in fig. 2. After presentation of the T1 time length mute, sound levels a1 and a2 of the mute are played back at intervals T3 time lengths before and after the play, where both a1 and a2 are T2 in playback time length. The order of occurrence of a1, a2 was randomized in each trial. And after the two sound levels are played, the tested person is required to perform key judgment. After the test person responded, there was an interval of time duration T4 before the start of the next trial.
In the experimental test process, the tester judges which section of the two played horizontal sound stimuli with short intervals contains the section of sound stimulus level with larger average intensity, and when the playing of each experimental stimulus is finished, the tester immediately makes an alternative mandatory judgment.
When the key pressing judgment of the testee is continuously and correctly performed twice,
the difficulty of distinguishing between two sounds with different loudness is reduced, namely, the specific method is as follows: in the case of the first few successive correctness cases, will
Each division by 2, and then if it is still continuously correct, it will be
Each division by 1.2 to progressively approach the critical distinguishable
。
When the key press judgment of the testee is wrong,
the method for increasing the loudness of the sound is to reduce the difficulty of distinguishing between two sounds with different loudness, and the specific method is as follows: in the case of the first few errors, will
Each time multiplied by 2, then if it is also wrong, it will be
Each multiplied by 1.2 to progressively approach critically distinguishable
。
When in use
After conversion, the original frequency F1 and the new A1, A2 sound loudness level (L1-
) dB SPL and (L1 +
) And regenerating the stimulation sound and playing the stimulation sound in the manner.
After the testee presses the key for K times, if K =50, the loudness interval corresponding to the last p inflection points is selected
Averaging is performed, e.g. p =6, and the obtained average value is the critical loudness interval of the trial. Testing the reference loudness and the frequency for m experimental trials, averaging the obtained m critical loudness intervals, and obtaining the final critical loudness interval value of the tested person at the reference loudness and the frequency
。
In this step, the tester judges the experimental stimulus, and the experimental requirements are as follows: the test of the testers on the stimulation of the auditory experiment is selected, and the test is carried out in a sound-proof room. Optionally, during the test experiment, the sound signal is output to the autonomous audio system through a 24-bit innovative sound card (PCI128), and then presented to the tester through two earphones (Model HDA 200).
The selection requirements of the tester are as follows: the tester has normal (the pure tone audiometric threshold is not more than 20 dB) and balanced (the difference between the thresholds of the two ears is not more than 15 dB) pure tone audiometric threshold in the frequency range of 0.125-8 kHz after the pure tone audiometric threshold test of the left ear and the right ear respectively.
And thirdly, acquiring experimental data, and fitting to obtain the intensity of the internal noise at a constant level.
Based on the final critical loudness interval value of the tested person under a certain reference loudness and frequency obtained in the last step
Based on discriminatory power index
Is determined byIn the meaning of,
in the formula
Representing the intensity of the noise in the inner ear,
representing the noise intensity of the external sound.
At a constant level
In the above formula
The final critical loudness interval value obtained in the previous step is obtained, and the discriminative power index is determined according to the mode of controlling and playing the experimental stimulation sound group in the second step
=1, combining the above variables, the noise intensity of the inner ear can be obtained
That is, the intensity of the inner ear noise measured at a constant level at a certain reference loudness and frequency is the average of the critical loudness intervals of a plurality of trials.
And fourthly, generating the stimulation sound at a variable level in another loudness adjustment mode, namely, under different variable loudness intervals, and then obtaining the intensity of the internal noise at the variable level similarly to the second step and the third step.
The last step generates the stimulation sound at a constant level, and the present step generates the stimulation sound at another loudness adjustment manner, i.e., at varying levels, specifically, the stimulation sound level 1 (A3) and the sound level 2 (a 4).
The frequencies of sound level 1 (A3) and sound level 2 (a 4) were F1 Hz,the average level is L1 dB SPL, and unlike the constant level, here a zero mean gaussian random variable is introduced into the overall levels of sound level 1 (A3) and sound level 2 (a 4), and the standard deviation of the random variable is set to 1/2 of the mean of the two spaced levels. Wherein the mean difference between the two distributed sound levels is
I.e. the average of the two distributions is (L1-
) dB SPL and (L1 +
) dB SPL, the common standard deviation of the two distributions is 1/2
. That is, the final sound level 1 (A3) and the sound level 2 (A4) have loudness values of (L1-
+λ1) dB SPL and (L1 +
+λ2）dB SPL，λ1,λ2All are mean values of 0 and standard deviations of
Is determined.
After the stimulus sound is generated, the intensity amount of the internal noise at varying levels is obtained in a manner similar to step two and step three. The experimental procedure of step two is completely consistent here. In step three, the noise intensity of the external sound at varying levels
Index of discriminability
=1, so noise intensity of inner ear
I.e. the intensity of the inner ear noise measured at a certain reference loudness and frequency at varying levels is the average of the critical loudness intervals of a number of trials multiplied by 0.866.
And fifthly, for sound combinations of other loudness and frequency, obtaining the intensity quantity of the corresponding constant-level and variable-level internal noise by the steps similar to the steps.
For sound combinations of other loudness and frequency, for example, the loudness is [10dB,30dB,50dB,70dB,90dB ], the frequency is [500Hz,1000Hz,2000Hz,4000Hz,8000Hz ], and after the loudness and frequency are combined, 25 reference test points are formed. And (4) acquiring the intensity of the internal noise of each combined reference test point under a constant level and a variable level by utilizing the steps 1-4.
And sixthly, visually displaying the measurement result.
And visually displaying the internal noise intensity quantity obtained by the constant level and the change level. And for each reference test point of the loudness and frequency combination, testing by m test tests, and acquiring the variance value when acquiring the average value of the m critical loudness intervals. And displaying the intensity of the inner ear noise and a corresponding variance value in the Z-axis direction in a three-dimensional manner for the 25 reference test points after the combination of the loudness and the frequency by taking the loudness as an X-axis, the frequency as a Y-axis and the intensity of the inner ear noise as a Z-axis. Fig. 3 and 4 respectively correspond to the visual display results of the noise intensity of the inner ear of the tested person at different reference test point positions under the constant level and the variable level.
In summary, the present invention provides a method for measuring inner ear noise intensity based on variable loudness adjustment. The loudness adjustment modes are divided into two types: constant level adjustment and variable level adjustment. And obtaining the corresponding inner ear noise intensity by testing the critical loudness interval of the tested person for multiple times and combining with the definition of the discrimination index and the assumed conditions set by experiments.
Method of the invention although specific examples and figures are disclosed for illustrative purposes and to aid in understanding the contents of the invention and in carrying out the same, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: no alterations, changes, and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as defined in the appended claims. Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to the disclosure of the preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The presently disclosed embodiments are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive on the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A method for measuring the intensity of inner ear noise based on variable loudness adjustment, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) generating a stimulation sound at a constant level with different variable loudness interval levels based on a sound combination of a reference loudness of 70dB and a frequency of 2000hz, the sound level a1 and the sound level a2 both having a frequency of F1 hz, the intensity of the mean level being L1 dBSPL, the loudness of a1 and a2 being L1- Δ L/2 dB SPL and L1+ Δ L/2 dB SPL, respectively, the loudness difference between the sound levels of a1 and a2 being Δ L;
(2) controlling to play the experimental stimulation sound group according to the key response of the tested person to the judgment of the two sound intensities with different loudness; in the process of judging the sound intensity of two different loudness according to the testee, when the key judgment is continuously correct twice, the delta L is reduced; when the key judgment of the testee is wrong, the delta L is increased; when the delta L is converted, the stimulation sound is generated again; after the testee presses keys for K times, averaging loudness difference values delta L corresponding to the last p inflection points; after m experimental tests are carried out, the final critical loudness difference value is obtained by taking the average value
(3) Acquiring experimental data, and fitting to obtain the intensity of internal noise at a constant level; according to the experimental design, the noise intensity of the external sound is at a constant level σe0; control in the test is designed so that the discrimination index d'11 is ═ 1; at this time, the noise intensity of the inner ear
Wherein
Is the critical loudness difference;
(4) in another loudness adjustment mode, namely, under different variable loudness intervals, the stimulation sounds are generated at variable levels, the frequency of the sound level A3 and the frequency of the sound level A4 are both F1 hz, the intensity of the average level is L1 dB SPL, and the loudness of the sound levels A3 and A4 are L1-delta L/2+ lambda respectively1dB SPL and L1+ Δ L/2+ λ2dB SPL，λ1，λ2All are random variables with a mean value of 0 and a standard deviation of delta L/2;
(5) controlling to play the experimental stimulation sound group according to the key response of the tested person to the judgment of the two sound intensities with different loudness; in the process of judging the sound intensity of two different loudness according to the testee, when the key judgment is continuously correct twice, the delta L is reduced; when the key judgment of the testee is wrong, the delta L is increased; when the delta L is converted, the stimulation sound is generated again; after the testee presses keys for K times, averaging loudness difference values delta L corresponding to the last p inflection points; after m experimental tests are carried out, the final critical loudness difference value is obtained by taking the average value
(6) Acquiring experimental data, fitting to obtain the intensity of internal noise under a changing level; according to experimental design, at varying levels
Control in the test is designed so that the discrimination index d'11, the intensity of the noise in the inner ear
Wherein here
Is the critical loudness difference;
(7) for sound combination of other loudness and frequency, the loudness values are [10dB,30dB,50dB,70dB and 90dB ], the frequency values are [500Hz,1000Hz,2000Hz,4000Hz and 8000Hz ], and for each combined reference test point, the internal noise intensity under the regulation of constant level and variable level is respectively obtained by referring to the steps (1) to (6);
(8) and visually displaying the measurement result.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the loudness is taken as an X-axis, the frequency is taken as a Y-axis, the intensity of the inner ear noise is taken as a Z-axis, and the visual display method of the intensity of the inner ear noise and the corresponding variance value is displayed in a three-dimensional manner in the Z-axis direction for the plurality of reference test points after the combination of the loudness and the frequency.
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