CN106725421A - ECG Signal Sampling System and its acquisition method based on PSoC processors - Google Patents
ECG Signal Sampling System and its acquisition method based on PSoC processors Download PDFInfo
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- A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
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- A61B5/7203—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses ECG Signal Sampling System and its acquisition method based on PSoC processors, the ECG Signal Sampling System includes PSoC processors and the sensor electrode for gathering electrocardiosignal, PSoC processors include that signal amplification module, AD conversion module, digital denoising module and bluetooth module, the output end of sensor electrode are connected after passing sequentially through signal amplification module, AD conversion module and digital denoising module with the input of bluetooth module.Design difficulty of the present invention is low, low in energy consumption, and flexibility is high, and collection accuracy is high, in can be widely applied to ecg signal acquiring industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ecg signal acquiring process field, the more particularly to ecg signal acquiring based on PSoC processors
System and acquisition method.
Background technology
Tissue and body fluid around heart can be conductive, can be regarded as a volume conductor, Single Cardiac Cell
The summation of change can conduct and reflect body surface.There is potential difference between body surface is much put, also have many points each other it
Between without potential difference be equipotential.Heart is in succession excited by pacemaker, atrium, ventricle in each cardiac cycle, along with life
The change of thing electricity, these bioelectric changes are referred to as electrocardio.Electrocardio is one of vital sign parameter signals of people, can accurately be reflected
Go out the information of people's cardiomotility under different conditions, it is not only the change of cardiac function and the diagnosis of heart disease, there is provided
One reference of very valuable meaning, provides a kind of new authentication mode also in biometric identity identification technology.Electrocardio
Signal is a kind of typical non-stationary small-signal, and amplitude is low, and frequency is low, so in the extraction process of electrocardiosignal, easily
By various interference.Therefore when electrocardiosignal is gathered, it is necessary to carry out denoising.Current electrocardiosignal denoising correlation technique,
It is most of that electrocardio denoising is realized based on FPGA, although FPGA can realize soft core treatment by designing, but design difficulty is big,
And power consumption is larger, it is difficult to the practice and extension on hardware.
The content of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, it is an object of the invention to provide the ecg signal acquiring based on PSoC processors
System, it is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of acquisition method of the ECG Signal Sampling System based on PSoC processors.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
Based on the ECG Signal Sampling System of PSoC processors, including PSoC processors and the biography for gathering electrocardiosignal
Sensor electrode, the PSoC processors include signal amplification module, AD conversion module, digital denoising module and bluetooth module, institute
State sensor electrode output end pass sequentially through after signal amplification module, AD conversion module and digital denoising module with bluetooth module
Input connection.
Further, the signal amplification module uses the same phase analog gain amplifier being made up of two operational amplifiers.
Further, the AD conversion module uses delta sigma ADC.
Further, the digital denoising module includes：
Submodule is decomposed, is decomposed for carrying out 9 layers of Lifting Wavelet to electrocardiosignal using Mexican hat wavelet transform；
Threshold calculations submodule, the Weighted Threshold for calculating each layer coefficients after being decomposed；
Denoising submodule, for carrying out soft-threshold denoising treatment to each corresponding Weighted Threshold of layer coefficients application；
Reconstruct submodule, for being reconstructed from back to front to the signal for decomposing each layer for obtaining.
The present invention solves another technical scheme for being used of its technical problem：
The acquisition method of the ECG Signal Sampling System based on PSoC processors, including step：
Original electro-cardiologic signals are gathered using sensor electrode；
Original electro-cardiologic signals are amplified and digital electrocardiosignal is obtained after being AD converted；
Digital denoising is carried out to digital electrocardiosignal；
Electrocardiosignal after denoising is transmitted by Blue-tooth communication method.
Further, it is described the step of carry out digital denoising to digital electrocardiosignal, specifically include：
9 layers of Lifting Wavelet are carried out to electrocardiosignal using Mexican hat wavelet transform to decompose；
Calculate the Weighted Threshold of each layer coefficients after being decomposed；
Soft-threshold denoising treatment is carried out to each corresponding Weighted Threshold of layer coefficients application；
Signal to decomposing each layer for obtaining is reconstructed from back to front.
Further, the step of Weighted Threshold of each layer coefficients after the calculating is decomposed, it is specially：
According to following formula, the Weighted Threshold of each layer coefficients after being decomposed is calculated successively：
In above formula, thrkThe Weighted Threshold of expression kth layer coefficients, k=1,2,3 ..., 9, n represent the length of signal, and σ is represented
Noise intensity, andWherein, d (k) is the detail coefficients of each layer after lifting factorization, αkIt is every layer of small echo
The weight coefficient of noise-removed threshold value.
Further, it is described the step of carry out soft-threshold denoising to each corresponding Weighted Threshold of layer coefficients application and process, its tool
Body is：
After each layer after by wavelet decomposition of wavelet coefficient is compared with Weighted Threshold, the small of Weighted Threshold will be less than
Wave system number carries out zero setting.
Further, the step of described pair of signal for decomposing each layer for obtaining is reconstructed from back to front, it is specially：
Signal to decomposing each layer for obtaining, carries out the wavelet reconstruction of wavelet coefficient from back to front, after finally obtaining denoising
Digital electrocardiosignal.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：ECG Signal Sampling System based on PSoC processors of the invention, including PSoC
Processor and the sensor electrode for gathering electrocardiosignal, PSoC processors include signal amplification module, AD conversion module, number
Word denoising module and bluetooth module, the output end of sensor electrode pass sequentially through signal amplification module, AD conversion module and numeral
It is connected with the input of bluetooth module after denoising module.This ecg signal acquiring system design difficulty is low, low in energy consumption, flexibility
Height, and collection accuracy is high.
Another beneficial effect of the invention is：The collection of the ECG Signal Sampling System based on PSoC processors of the invention
Method, including step：Original electro-cardiologic signals are gathered using sensor electrode；Original electro-cardiologic signals are amplified and carry out AD and is turned
Digital electrocardiosignal is obtained after changing；Digital denoising is carried out to digital electrocardiosignal；By the electrocardiosignal after denoising by indigo plant
Tooth communication mode is transmitted.This acquisition method collection accuracy is high, can obtain more accurate electrocardiosignal.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the ECG Signal Sampling System based on PSoC processors of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the signal amplification module of the ECG Signal Sampling System based on PSoC processors of the invention
Figure；
Fig. 3 is the structural frames of the digital denoising module of the ECG Signal Sampling System based on PSoC processors of the invention
Figure；
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the acquisition method of the ECG Signal Sampling System based on PSoC processors of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Reference picture 1, the invention provides a kind of ECG Signal Sampling System based on PSoC processors, including PSoC treatment
Device and the sensor electrode for gathering electrocardiosignal, the PSoC processors include signal amplification module, AD conversion module, number
Word denoising module and bluetooth module, the output end of the sensor electrode pass sequentially through signal amplification module, AD conversion module and
It is connected with the input of bluetooth module after digital denoising module.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, reference picture 2, the signal amplification module is used by two operational amplifiers
The same phase analog gain amplifier for constituting.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, the AD conversion module uses delta sigma ADC.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, reference picture 3, the digital denoising module includes：
Submodule is decomposed, is decomposed for carrying out 9 layers of Lifting Wavelet to electrocardiosignal using Mexican hat wavelet transform；
Threshold calculations submodule, the Weighted Threshold for calculating each layer coefficients after being decomposed；
Denoising submodule, for carrying out soft-threshold denoising treatment to each corresponding Weighted Threshold of layer coefficients application；
Reconstruct submodule, for being reconstructed from back to front to the signal for decomposing each layer for obtaining.
Reference picture 4, present invention also offers a kind of acquisition method of the ECG Signal Sampling System based on PSoC processors,
Including step：
Original electro-cardiologic signals are gathered using sensor electrode；
Original electro-cardiologic signals are amplified and digital electrocardiosignal is obtained after being AD converted；
Digital denoising is carried out to digital electrocardiosignal；
Electrocardiosignal after denoising is transmitted by Blue-tooth communication method.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, described the step of carry out digital denoising to digital electrocardiosignal, tool
Body includes：
9 layers of Lifting Wavelet are carried out to electrocardiosignal using Mexican hat wavelet transform to decompose；
Calculate the Weighted Threshold of each layer coefficients after being decomposed；
Soft-threshold denoising treatment is carried out to each corresponding Weighted Threshold of layer coefficients application；
Signal to decomposing each layer for obtaining is reconstructed from back to front.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, the step of the Weighted Threshold for calculating each layer coefficients after being decomposed
Suddenly, it is specially：
According to following formula, the Weighted Threshold of each layer coefficients after being decomposed is calculated successively：
In above formula, thrkThe Weighted Threshold of expression kth layer coefficients, k=1,2,3 ..., 9, n represent the length of signal, σ tables
Show noise intensity, andWherein, d (k) is the detail coefficients of each layer after lifting factorization, αkIt is every layer of small echo
The weight coefficient of noise-removed threshold value.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, it is described that soft-threshold is carried out to each corresponding Weighted Threshold of layer coefficients application
Make an uproar treatment the step of, it is specially：
After each layer after by wavelet decomposition of wavelet coefficient is compared with Weighted Threshold, the small of Weighted Threshold will be less than
Wave system number carries out zero setting.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, the described pair of signal for decomposing each layer for obtaining is reconstructed from back to front
Step, it is specially：
Signal to decomposing each layer for obtaining, carries out the wavelet reconstruction of wavelet coefficient from back to front, after finally obtaining denoising
Digital electrocardiosignal.
The present invention is elaborated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment one
Reference picture 1, the invention provides a kind of ECG Signal Sampling System based on PSoC processors, including PSoC treatment
Device and the sensor electrode for gathering electrocardiosignal, PSoC processors include that signal amplification module, AD conversion module, numeral are gone
Module of making an uproar and bluetooth module, the output end of sensor electrode pass sequentially through signal amplification module, AD conversion module and digital denoising
It is connected with the input of bluetooth module after module.
As shown in Fig. 2 in the present embodiment, signal amplification module is used by two operational amplifiers Opamp_1 and Opamp_2
The same phase analog gain amplifier for constituting.In Fig. 2, operational amplifier Opamp_1 is voltage follower, for being carried to Opamp_2
For DC offset voltage.
Hereinafter briefly describe its operation principle：
With phase analog gain amplifier, " virtual earth " principle according to amplifier obtains equation：
(1) when no AC signal is input into, i.e. the DC channel output of signal meets：
Vout2'=VDDA/2
(2) when there is ac small signal to be input into, alternating current path (direct current biasing ground connection) output of signal meets：
(3) then ac small signal is output as：
(4) superposition theorem is used, is then always output as：
(5) due to C2The effect of capacitance, Vout1Output will be not comprising DC component：
In order to the bias current of input amplifier is preferably minimized, it should meet following condition：
R1=R2//R3
C in the circuit1It is capacitance, i.e., circuit inputs a signal into in-phase amplifier electricity using AC coupled mode
Lu Zhong.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, AD conversion module uses delta sigma ADC.PSoC processors provide a delta sigma
ADC.This module provide Differential Input, high-resolution and the good linearity, it can be used for ECG's data compression and
Application in terms of measurement.Table 1 below gives sample rate sps and signal to noise ratio snr value under different ADC resolution ratio.
Table 1
| Bit | sps | SNR/dB |
| 20 | 180 | 110 |
| 16 | 48k | 90 |
| 12 | 192k | 70 |
The ADC concrete structure of PSoC processors includes：
(1) input amplifier：High input impedance and at user option gain are provided；
(2) 3 rank ∑-△ modulators；
(3) withdrawal device：CIC decimation filters and backend processing unit comprising 4 rank.Backend processing unit is performed can
The gain of choosing, biasing and sampling filter function.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, shown in reference picture 3, digital denoising module includes：
Submodule is decomposed, is decomposed for carrying out 9 layers of Lifting Wavelet to electrocardiosignal using Mexican hat wavelet transform；
Threshold calculations submodule, the Weighted Threshold for calculating each layer coefficients after being decomposed；
Denoising submodule, for carrying out soft-threshold denoising treatment to each corresponding Weighted Threshold of layer coefficients application；
Reconstruct submodule, for being reconstructed from back to front to the signal for decomposing each layer for obtaining.
In more detail, threshold calculations submodule specifically for：
According to following formula, the Weighted Threshold of each layer coefficients after being decomposed is calculated successively：
In above formula, thrkThe Weighted Threshold of expression kth layer coefficients, k=1,2,3 ..., 9, n represent the length of signal, and σ is represented
Noise intensity, andWherein, d (k) is the detail coefficients of each layer after lifting factorization, αkIt is every layer of small echo
The weight coefficient of noise-removed threshold value.D (k) and αkBe specifically assigned as：1st layer of detail coefficients and the 8th layer of general picture coefficient zero setting, the 2nd
To the 4th layer, its weight coefficient is 0.8,0.6,0.4 to layer；5th layer to the 8th layer all 0.1.By this parametric distribution mode,
Coefficient of wavelet decomposition center telecommunications characteristic component is remained, the distortion factor of reconstruction signal is reduced.
Denoising submodule, specifically for：
After each layer after by wavelet decomposition of wavelet coefficient is compared with Weighted Threshold, the small of Weighted Threshold will be less than
Wave system number carries out zero setting.
Reconstruct submodule, specifically for：
Signal to decomposing each layer for obtaining, carries out the wavelet reconstruction of wavelet coefficient from back to front, after finally obtaining denoising
Digital electrocardiosignal.
Bluetooth module is integrated with the PSoC processors that the present embodiment is used, after electrocardiosignal denoising is finished, can
Denoising electrocardiosignal is transferred to mobile terminal by Blue-tooth communication method, the sequence of operations such as waveform drawing are carried out.
The major advantage that the present embodiment transmits electrocardiosignal with PSoC processors has：
1. the built-in BLE bluetooth modules of PSoC processors, without redesigning external bluetooth module, save cost, simplify
Circuit design.
2. the built-in BLE bluetooth modules of PSoC processors, aim at wearable smart machine design, and energy can be greatly lowered
Consumption, increases equipment cruising time.In order to optimize system power supply, the BLE bluetooth modules of the processors of PSoC 4 provide five kinds of low work(
Consumption pattern, i.e. activity pattern, sleep pattern, deep sleep mode, park mode, and stop mode, very flexibly, it is easy to make
With.
3. the BLE programmable system on chip of PSoC processors has unprecedented ease for use and high integration, can be used for
In the application of customization Internet of Things, home automation, medical treatment, sport and body-building monitoring and other wearable smart machines.
The present embodiment constitutes ECG Signal Sampling System using PSoC processors, and PSoC treatment is programmable equivalent to MCU+
Analog peripheral+programmable digital peripheral circuit.PSoC processors can regard MCU, FPGA/CPLD, ispPAC's etc. as
Set.PSoC processors include MCU, can very easily realize system design, although prior art can pass through using FPGA
Soft core is realized in design, but increased design difficulty, and performance does not reach the degree of stone yet.PSoC processors are also comprising programmable number
Word modules (similar FPGA/CPLD), and programmable analog module (similar ispPAC), i.e., have treatment numeral and simulation simultaneously
Two kinds of abilities of signal, additionally, the A/D that PSoC processors have, D/A module solve two kinds of interface problems of signal, also have
There are the high-performance 32-bit ARM Cortex-M0 kernels of super low-power consumption pattern.Generally speaking, PSoC processors have integrated level high,
The advantage of flexible design.Using this structure, with reference to the ECG Signal Sampling System that is constituted of each function of programming realization this structure,
Electrocardiosignal can be gathered and denoising is carried out, accurate electrocardiosignal is obtained, low with design difficulty, low in energy consumption, flexibility is high,
Easy to utilize the advantages of.
Embodiment two
Reference picture 4, a kind of acquisition method of the ECG Signal Sampling System based on PSoC processors, including step：
Original electro-cardiologic signals are gathered using sensor electrode；
Original electro-cardiologic signals are amplified and digital electrocardiosignal is obtained after being AD converted；
Digital denoising is carried out to digital electrocardiosignal；
Electrocardiosignal after denoising is transmitted by Blue-tooth communication method.
The content of a key is that denoising is carried out to electrocardiosignal in this method, and common electrocardiosignal is common
Interference mainly includes Hz noise, baseline drift, myoelectricity interference and various High-frequency Interferences, the Hz noise master in electrocardiosignal
Refer to 50Hz cities power supply disturbance and higher hamonic wave interference.Myoelectricity interference refers to the skin pricktest of the 30mv that the skin epidermis of people are present
Gesture, skin stretches and drops to 25mv or so, and the potential change of this 5mv is myoelectricity and shrinks the noise for producing.Baseline drift produces master
If because physical activity and collection electrocardiosignal mode, belong to low frequency signal, scope is 0.05Hz to several Hz, and energy mainly exists
0.1Hz or so.To take into full account the design requirement of low power consumption and small volume, low cost, herein using the ink west in Wavelet Transform
Brother's cap small echo carries out digital denoising.Mexican hat wavelet is also called Marr small echos, is the second dervative of Gaussian function, there is sharp
Positive peak, is that circle bears groove around peak value, and shape is similar to sombrero, hence obtains one's name.
General electrocardiosignal is in 0.05-100Hz frequency ranges, and 90% ECG frequency energies concentrate on 0.25-
40Hz.Carrying out after Mexican hat wavelet transform carries out decomposed signal, each layer wavelet coefficient having been obtained, when wavelet coefficient is more than certain
During individual threshold limit value, then it is assumed that this wavelet coefficient is electrocardiosignal, and we retain it；When wavelet coefficient is less than certain threshold limit value
When, then it is assumed that this wavelet coefficient is caused by noise, and we are given up or zero setting, finally by the wavelet coefficient after treatment
Wavelet reconstruction is carried out, so as to reach the purpose of denoising.Specifically noisy electrocardiosignal numeral denoising step is included：
Step 1,9 layers of Lifting Wavelet are carried out to electrocardiosignal using Mexican hat wavelet transform decompose；
Step 2, the Weighted Threshold for calculating each layer coefficients after being decomposed, specially：
According to following formula, the Weighted Threshold of each layer coefficients after being decomposed is calculated successively：
In above formula, thrkRepresent the Weighted Threshold of kth layer coefficients, k=1,2,3 ..., 9, αkRepresent adding for default kth layer
Power threshold coefficient, n represents the length of signal, and σ represents noise intensity, andWherein, d (k) is kth layer
The scale coefficient of small echo.
Step 3, soft-threshold denoising treatment is carried out to each corresponding Weighted Threshold of layer coefficients application, specially：
After each layer after by wavelet decomposition of wavelet coefficient is compared with Weighted Threshold, the small of Weighted Threshold will be less than
Wave system number carries out zero setting.
Step 4, the signal to decomposing each layer for obtaining are reconstructed from back to front, specially：To decomposing each layer for obtaining
Signal, the wavelet reconstruction of wavelet coefficient is carried out from back to front, finally obtain denoising after digital electrocardiosignal.
Above is preferable implementation of the invention is illustrated, but the invention is not limited to embodiment, and it is ripe
Knowing those skilled in the art can also make a variety of equivalent variations or replacements on the premise of without prejudice to spirit of the invention, these
Equivalent modification or replacement is all contained in the application claim limited range.
Claims (9)
1. the ECG Signal Sampling System of PSoC processors is based on, it is characterised in that including PSoC processors and for gathering the heart
The sensor electrode of electric signal, the PSoC processors include signal amplification module, AD conversion module, digital denoising module and indigo plant
Tooth module, after the output end of the sensor electrode passes sequentially through signal amplification module, AD conversion module and digital denoising module
It is connected with the input of bluetooth module.
2. the ECG Signal Sampling System based on PSoC processors according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the signal
Amplification module uses the same phase analog gain amplifier being made up of two operational amplifiers.
3. the ECG Signal Sampling System based on PSoC processors according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the AD turns
Mold changing block uses delta sigma ADC.
4. the ECG Signal Sampling System based on PSoC processors according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the numeral
Denoising module includes：
Submodule is decomposed, is decomposed for carrying out 9 layers of Lifting Wavelet to electrocardiosignal using Mexican hat wavelet transform；
Threshold calculations submodule, the Weighted Threshold for calculating each layer coefficients after being decomposed；
Denoising submodule, for carrying out soft-threshold denoising treatment to each corresponding Weighted Threshold of layer coefficients application；
Reconstruct submodule, for being reconstructed from back to front to the signal for decomposing each layer for obtaining.
5. the acquisition method of the ECG Signal Sampling System of PSoC processors is based on, it is characterised in that including step：
Original electro-cardiologic signals are gathered using sensor electrode；
Original electro-cardiologic signals are amplified and digital electrocardiosignal is obtained after being AD converted；
Digital denoising is carried out to digital electrocardiosignal；
Electrocardiosignal after denoising is transmitted by Blue-tooth communication method.
6. the acquisition method of the ECG Signal Sampling System based on PSoC processors according to claim 5,
Characterized in that, it is described the step of carry out digital denoising to digital electrocardiosignal, specifically include：
9 layers of Lifting Wavelet are carried out to electrocardiosignal using Mexican hat wavelet transform to decompose；
Calculate the Weighted Threshold of each layer coefficients after being decomposed；
Soft-threshold denoising treatment is carried out to each corresponding Weighted Threshold of layer coefficients application；
Signal to decomposing each layer for obtaining is reconstructed from back to front.
7. the acquisition method of the ECG Signal Sampling System based on PSoC processors according to claim 6,
Characterized in that, it is described calculating decomposed after each layer coefficients Weighted Threshold the step of, it is specially：
According to following formula, the Weighted Threshold of each layer coefficients after being decomposed is calculated successively：
In above formula, thrkThe Weighted Threshold of expression kth layer coefficients, k=1,2,3 ..., 9, n represent the length of signal, and σ represents noise
Intensity, andWherein, d (k) is the detail coefficients of each layer after lifting factorization, αkIt is every layer of Wavelet Denoising Method threshold
The weight coefficient of value.
8. the acquisition method of the ECG Signal Sampling System based on PSoC processors according to claim 6,
Characterized in that, described the step of carry out soft-threshold denoising to each corresponding Weighted Threshold of layer coefficients application and process, its tool
Body is：
After each layer after by wavelet decomposition of wavelet coefficient is compared with Weighted Threshold, the wavelet systems of Weighted Threshold will be less than
Number carries out zero setting.
9. the acquisition method of the ECG Signal Sampling System based on PSoC processors according to claim 6,
Characterized in that, the step of described pair of signal for decomposing each layer for obtaining is reconstructed from back to front, it is specially：
Signal to decomposing each layer for obtaining, carries out the wavelet reconstruction of wavelet coefficient from back to front, finally obtains the number after denoising
Word electrocardiosignal.
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| CN105232032A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-01-13 | 福州大学 | Remote electrocardiograph monitoring and early warning system and method based on wavelet analysis |
| CN205338943U (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-06-29 | 江苏思缔医疗科技有限公司 | Wireless long -distance electrocardio monitoring system |
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