CN1067199C - Self-adaptive orthogonal transformation coding means - Google Patents
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- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
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Abstract
An discrete cosine transform (DCT) apparatus is adaptive so as to choose between alternative transform modes for each successive pixel block to be transformed and subsequently variable-length-coded. A first transform device performs a DCT on a subject pixel block. A second transform device performs a DCT on the same subject pixel block of data which has been processed such that the frequency domain transformed data is distributed in a lower frequency compared with the transform coefficients produced by the first transform device. A pair of scanners scan the respective transform coefficients output by the transform devices according to predetermined patterns. A set of four counters accumulate information about the transform coefficients, as scanned by the scanners, so as to indicate the amount of data which would be produced by the respective sets of transform coefficients when variable-length-coded. Based upon the counts produced by the counters, a prediction is made as to which transform mode will produce the least amount of variable-length-code, and the corresponding transform coefficients are selected to be sent to the variable-length-coder.
Description
The present invention relates to the orthogonal transform coding system, particularly relevant can making because of visual active level has a orthogonal transformation coding means that adapts in the transform block of different sizes.
The transform block that is to use a certain size as a kind of orthogonal transform coding in the data compression method is transformed into the technology of the conversion coefficient of frequency domain with the video data of spatial domain, mainly uses discrete cosine transform (DCT).Usually the data additional weight value of orthogonal transform coding quantizes and Variable Length Code.The data of compressing with this mode have the variable data amount that changes with orthogonal transform and Variable Length Code etc.For example visual activity after a little while, its data volume of compressed data tails off, visual activity for a long time, its data quantitative change of compressed data is many.Thereby by this situation, it is little that compressed data volume compares the data volume of being distributed, otherwise, also there is the situation of Duoing than the data volume of being distributed.
When compressed data volume compares the data volume of being distributed for a long time, not only transmit compressed data but also during with records such as digital VCR, produce data degradation.This data degradation to the image that reappears bring abominable shadow to, become the main cause that image quality degenerates.According to Fig. 1 to so that the minimum existing coded system of data degradation that produces because of compressed data volume than the data quantitative change that is distributed more and describe.
Mode selection part 11 among Fig. 1 is analyzed added video data in spatial domain, between judging or the image of interframe movable.
Mode selection part 11 is selected a kind of in 8 * 8 patterns and 4 * 8 patterns according to the image of being judged is movable.The data volume that is produced by the compression of vision signal is more after a little while than visual activity for a long time in visual activity substantially.Mode selection part 11 by to the movable data of judging next pre-measured compressed of image, selects to have the pattern conversion of minimal data loss in view of the above.The image activity is selected 8 * 8 patterns of the transform block of use 8 * 8 specifications after a little while, and visual activity selects to use 4 * 8 patterns of 4 * 8 specification transform blocks for a long time.During 8 * 8 patterns of selection, the video data that mode selector 11 is added to 13 outputs of 8 * 8DCT unit with the form of 8 * 8 pixel blocks.8 * 8DCT unit 13 uses the transform block of 8 * 8 sizes, and the auxiliary video data of self mode selector 11 is transformed into the data of frequency domain in the future.When selecting 4 * 8 patterns, between mode selector 11 produces or between the corresponding pixel of interframe and with difference signal SUM, DIFF.
In more detail, mode selector 11 is with the pixel value addition of odd-numbered line with the idol row respective column of 8 * 8 pixel blocks of spatial domain, produce expression 4 * 8 pixel blocks with signal SUM, obtain pixel value poor of this odd-numbered line and even number line respective column, produce the difference signal DIFF that represents 4 * 8 pixel blocks.Supply with 4 * 8DCT unit 14 with signal SUM, difference signal DIFF supplies with 4 * 8DCT unit 15.4 * 8DCT unit 14,15 uses the transform block of 4 (vertically) * 8 (level) specifications, the video data that is added is transformed into the data of frequency domain.By this 4 * 8DCT unit 14,15, make the coefficient value that is distributed in high-frequency domain move to lower frequency region.
According to zigzag scanning figure etc. from the DC coefficient to the high frequency conversion coefficient scanning data from the orthogonal transform of the machine Fig. 1.The coded system of the machine among Fig. 1 is equipped with, when the data volume of compression than the data volume of distributing for a long time, abandon data from the highest HFS that produces by orthogonal transform.This priority of abandoning data is according to people the picture intelligence of the low frequency range visual characteristic more responsive than high frequency region to be carried out.Owing to can make data degradation minimum, thereby can improve the quality of resetting image.
But, the machine among above-mentioned Fig. 1 be actually according to do not carry out processing such as Variable Length Code in the data of carrying out the spatial domain before the orthogonal transform, select a kind of in 8 * 8 patterns or 4 * 8 patterns.Thereby the problem that exists the accuracy for predicting to the data volume that produces because of compression to degenerate.
The objective of the invention is in order to address the above problem, providing a kind of can prediction carry out the data of Variable Length Code according to the data in the frequency domain, selects the self-adaptive orthogonal transformation coding means of the different quadrature transform method that adapts according to predicting the outcome.
In order to reach the purpose of the invention described above, according to a kind of self-adaptive orthogonal transformation coding means of the present invention, make the video data orthogonal transform of space field, and the conversion coefficient that orthogonal transform produced is carried out Variable Length Code, it is characterized in that this self-adaptive orthogonal transformation coding means comprises:
First orthogonal converter is in order to carry out orthogonal transform with described video data in the pixel block unit of M (vertically) * N (level) specification;
Second orthogonal converter receives and is input into the identical video data of described first orthogonal converter, the video data that processing is imported is so that the distribution of the conversion coefficient of lower frequency region than the height of described first orthogonal converter, is carried out orthogonal transform with the video data of handling like this in above-mentioned pixel block unit;
First scanner section receives the conversion coefficient that is produced by described first orthogonal converter, by first scanning sequency scanning of having set and output and indivedual corresponding conversion coefficients of pixel block;
Second scanner section receives the conversion coefficient that is produced by described second orthogonal converter, by second scanning sequency scanning of having set and output and indivedual corresponding conversion coefficients of pixel block;
Select output device, according to mode select signal select and output from the conversion coefficient of described first and second scanner section;
Control device, in order to for identical pixel block, prediction will be carried out the data volume of Variable Length Code from the conversion coefficient of described first scanner section and will carry out the data volume of Variable Length Code from the conversion coefficient of described second scanner section respectively, according to the data volume that dopes, produce in order to the mode select signal of expression according to the orthogonal transform pattern of indivedual pixel blocks selections.
Fig. 1 is using so that the block diagram of the existing orthogonal transform coding device that uses in the minimized coded system of data degradation.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the self-adaptive orthogonal transformation coding means of most preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 A is in order to the concept map of explanation to the scanning sequency of 8 * 8 specification pieces.
Fig. 3 B-3C is in order to the concept map of explanation to the scanning sequency of 4 * 8 specification pieces.
To further specify most preferred embodiment of the present invention according to accompanying drawing below.
Fig. 2 illustrates the block diagram of the most preferred embodiment of self-adaptive orthogonal transformation device of the present invention.
The device of Fig. 2 carries out 8 * 8 pattern conversions and 4 * 8 pattern conversions that the transform block that uses two 4 * 8 specifications carries out discrete cosine transform of discrete cosine transform (DCT) by the transform block that uses 8 * 8 specifications, make the pixel block orthogonal transform of 8 * 8 specifications that show in spatial domain.Use second delayer 23,8 * 8DCT unit 24 shown in Figure 2 in order to carry out 8 * 8 pattern conversions, use first delayer 21, arithmetic unit 22 and 4 * 8DCT unit 25 in order to carry out 4 * 8 pattern conversions.4 * 8 pattern conversions are finished the task that the radio-frequency component of vision signal that will enter the pixel block of 8 * 8 specifications that show in spatial domain moves to low frequency range.To supply with multiplexer 31 and first and second counter 28,29 by the data of first scanner 26 output, will supply with multiplexer 31 and the 3rd and four- counter 32,33 by the data of second scanner, 27 outputs.Mode selector 30 determines specific pattern conversion according to the count value COUNT1 that has been applied, COUNT3 and first reference value REF1 from the first and the 3rd counter 28,32.When not determining the particular transform pattern, mode selector 30 is according to from second and the count value COUNT2 that has superposeed, COUNT4 and the second fiducial value REF2 of four-counter, final decision particular transform pattern.The selection signal SEL of the pattern conversion that expression is determined supplies with multiplexer 31.Below the detailed structure and the work of the device of this Fig. 2 will be described according to 3A-Fig. 3 C.
Video data in the device of input Fig. 2 is the data that are divided into the pixel block of 8 * 8 specifications.Thereby video data is input to the pixel block of each 8 * 8 specification by the order of the pixel of the terminal column from the pixel of first row of this pixel block first row to footline.The video data that is input in the device of Fig. 2 is supplied with first delayer 21, the arithmetic unit 22 and second delayer 23 simultaneously.First delayer 21 postpones the video data of being imported also to export with the corresponding time of delegation of 8 * 8 pixel blocks.Be input to arithmetic unit 22 as the video data and the undelayed video data that will postpone, then arithmetic unit 22 each 8 * 8 pixel block for this pixel block in adjacent odd-numbered line and even number line, calculate the pixel value be positioned at respective column and with difference and output.This arithmetic unit 22 be equipped with in order to calculate with respect to corresponding pixel value and adder 221 and in order to obtain subtracter 223 with respect to the difference of corresponding pixel value.Adder 221 calculate corresponding pixel value in 8 * 8 pixel blocks with and form 4 (vertical) * 8 (level) pixel blocks, the video data of this pixel block is outputed to 4 * 8DCT unit 25.Subtracter 223 calculates the poor of the interior corresponding pixel value of 8 * 8 pixel blocks, forms 4 (vertically) * 8 (level) pixel blocks, and the video data of this pixel block is outputed to 4 * 8DCT unit 25.
4 * 8DCT unit 25 disposes and DCT device 251 and difference DCT device 253.Video data from adder 221 is added to and DCT device 251, is added to poor DCT device 253 from the video data of subtracter 223.With DCT device 251 video data imported being become the data of frequency domain with the transform block orthogonal transform of 4 * 8 specifications is conversion coefficient, and difference DCT device 253 becomes added video data the data of frequency domain with the transform block orthogonal transform of 4 * 8 specifications.Supply with the second following scanner 27 by the conversion coefficient that 4 * 8DCT unit 25 produces.
On the other hand, for identical video data, consistent with the moment of supplying with 8 * 8DCT unit 24 through second delayer 23 in order to make from the moment of arithmetic unit 22 supplies 4 * 8DCT unit 25, second delayer 23 makes the video data of the device that is input to Fig. 2 from the outside postpone back output.Make the data of supplying with 8 * 8DCT unit 24 and the data sync of supplying with 4 * 8DCT unit 25 with this second delayer 23.8 * 8DCT unit 24 will become the pixel block unit of 8 * 8 specifications from the video data orthogonal transform of second delayer 23, and the conversion coefficient of the frequency domain that orthogonal transform produced is outputed to first scanner 26.Scan mode shown in first scanner, 26 usefulness Fig. 3 A, the piece of 8 * 8 specifications that scanning is formed by the conversion coefficient from 8 * 8DCT unit 24.And, the piece of 4 * 8 specifications that the scanning of scan mode shown in second scanner, 27 usefulness Fig. 3 B and Fig. 3 C is formed by the conversion coefficient of piece that forms 4 * 8 specifications from the conversion coefficient with DCT device 251 and origin autodyne DCT device 253.
Fig. 3 A-Fig. 3 C illustrates the scanning sequency to two-dimentional frequency domain, be shown in Fig. 3 A-Fig. 3 C each in two-dimentional frequency domain in, its vertical axial lower frequency value height, its horizontal axis right side frequency values height.And the numeral shown in Fig. 3 A-3C is by a kind of scanning sequency of zigzag scanning mode, and expression is finished scanning from little numeral to big numeral.So first scanner 26 is exported corresponding conversion coefficient by the order of numeral shown in Fig. 3 A.Second scanner 27 is pressed the order output analog value of numeral shown in Fig. 3 B and Fig. 3 C.Thereby the situation of second scanner 27 is alternately to export by the conversion coefficient of addition and orthogonal transform gained with by subtracting each other and the conversion coefficient of orthogonal transform gained.
Supply with first and second counters 28,29 simultaneously from the conversion coefficient of first scanner 26, supply with third and fourth counter 32,33 simultaneously from the conversion coefficient of second scanner 27.Preferably the first scanner 26 conversion coefficient delay stipulated time that will supply with first and second counter 28,29 resupply multiplexer 31, the second scanners 27 will supply with the 3rd and the conversion coefficient delay stipulated time of four- counter 32,33 resupply multiplexer 31.This signal delay that is produced by first scanner 26 and second scanner 27 will be used to produce the Counter Value of decision pattern conversion, with multiplexer 31 these regional data of selection and output to the machine (not shown) of back segment.
The conversion coefficient that belongs to 8 * 8 specification pieces that first and second counter 28,29 calculates from first scanner 26, the 3rd with the conversion coefficient that belong to 8 * 8 specification pieces of four- counter 32,33 calculating from second scanner 27.Particularly counter 28,29,32,33 will design like this, promptly, make the inferior counting number of " 0 " value in the conversion coefficient that the each orthogonal transform of 28,32 pairs of 8 * 8 pixel blocks of the first and the 3rd counter produces, make second and the value of 29,33 pairs of above-mentioned conversion coefficients of four-counter become the inferior counting number of non-" 0 " value from " 0 ". Counter 28,29,32,33 will be designed so that also it when value COUNT1, COUNT2, COUNT3, the COUNT4 that will be counted separately output to the block unit of 8 * 8 specifications, carries out initialization.Thereby, the number of " 0 " of representing to belong to indivedual corresponding blocks of 8 * 8 specifications from the value COUNT1 that has counted, the COUNT3 of the first and the 3rd counter 28,32, by second and count value COUNT2, the COUNT4 of four- counter 29,33 outputs represent to belong to " 0 " value arrangement how continuously of indivedual corresponding blocks of 8 * 8 specifications.Count value supply model selector 30 by counter 28,29,32,33 outputs.Mode selector 30 is selected the pattern conversion of the pixel block of relative 8 * 8 specifications according to added count value.This mode selector 30 is relatively selected specific pattern conversion according to the count value COUNT1 that is imported, COUNT2, COUNT3, COUNT4 and fiducial value REF1, REF2's, and produces the selection signal SEL of the selected pattern conversion of expression.Mode selection part 30 employed fiducial value REF1, REF2 are by the experiment decision, and the data volume of having compressed that produces by orthogonal transform and Variable Length Code is set at the optimum value that is no more than the data volume of being distributed.To further describe the production process of the selection signal SEL that produces by mode selector 30 below.
The invention is not restricted to select to belong to in order to the conversion coefficient of the AD HOC of same block that produce to select signal and supply with the device of above-mentioned a kind of embodiment of the variable length coder of back segment.
As mentioned above, the present invention analyzes the data of orthogonal transform, select best orthogonal transform pattern, particularly the number of continuous " 0 " in the data that produce according to the orthogonal transform that is present in by the pixel block of each 8 * 8 specification and become the change number of times of non-" 0 " value from " 0 " is selected the orthogonal transform pattern.Since can according to select by the more accurate prediction of back segment data volume that variable length coder produces the best the orthogonal transform pattern, with select the situation of orthogonal transform pattern to compare according to the data analysis of spatial domain, further solved the problem that image quality that the model selection because of mistake causes worsens effectively.
Claims (10)
1. a self-adaptive orthogonal transformation coding means makes the video data orthogonal transform of space field, and the conversion coefficient that orthogonal transform produced is carried out Variable Length Code, it is characterized in that this self-adaptive orthogonal transformation coding means comprises:
First orthogonal converter is in order to carry out orthogonal transform with described video data in the pixel block unit of M (vertically) * N (level) specification;
Second orthogonal converter receives and is input into the identical video data of described first orthogonal converter, the video data that processing is imported is so that the distribution of the conversion coefficient of lower frequency region than the height of described first orthogonal converter, is carried out orthogonal transform with the video data of handling like this in above-mentioned pixel block unit;
First scanner section receives the conversion coefficient that is produced by described first orthogonal converter, by first scanning sequency scanning of having set and output and indivedual corresponding conversion coefficients of pixel block;
Second scanner section receives the conversion coefficient that is produced by described second orthogonal converter, by second scanning sequency scanning of having set and output and indivedual corresponding conversion coefficients of pixel block;
Select output device, according to mode select signal select and output from the conversion coefficient of described first and second scanner section;
Control device, in order to for identical pixel block, prediction will be carried out the data volume of Variable Length Code from the conversion coefficient of described first scanner section and will carry out the data volume of Variable Length Code from the conversion coefficient of described second scanner section respectively, according to the data volume that dopes, produce in order to the mode select signal of expression according to the orthogonal transform pattern of indivedual pixel blocks selections.
2. according to the described code device of claim 1, it is characterized in that each described orthogonal converter carries out discrete cosine transform to the video data of being imported.
3. according to the described code device of claim 1, it is characterized in that described second orthogonal converter comprises:
Piece forms device, be present in order to calculating corresponding odd-numbered line adjacent in the piece that constitutes by M * N pixel and the same column of even number line pixel value and with poor, form by by and first (M/2) * N pixel block of constituting of (M/2) * N pixel of producing of calculating and second (M/2) * N pixel block of (M/2) * N pixel formation of producing by calculating by difference;
First quadrature transformer will be in order to carrying out orthogonal transform by the above-mentioned data that form first (M/2) * N pixel block that device forms;
Second quadrature transformer will be in order to carrying out orthogonal transform by the above-mentioned data that form second (M/2) * N pixel block that device forms.
4. according to the described code device of claim 3, it is characterized in that described second scanner section alternately scans the conversion coefficient of above-mentioned first quadrature transformer generation and the conversion coefficient that described second quadrature transformer produces.
5. according to the described code device of claim 3, it is characterized in that, also comprise with so that be input to the time-delay mechanism that the video data of described first orthogonal converter postpones, form data that device forms by described to be added to moment of described first and second quadrature transformer synchronous with the moment that is input to above-mentioned first orthogonal converter so that make for identical video data.
6. according to the described code device of claim 1, it is characterized in that each described scanner section is by the sequential scanning transformation system from the low frequency to the high frequency.
7. according to the described code device of claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned control device comprises:
First counter is used for for indivedual pixel blocks, calculates from its value in the conversion coefficient of described first scanner section to be the conversion coefficient of " 0 ", and first count value of output expression count results;
Second counter, its value of conversion coefficient that is used for calculating from above-mentioned second scanner section is the conversion coefficient of " 0 ", and second count value of output expression count results;
Mode selection part is used for described first and second count value and compares with the first reference value of having set respectively, produces mode select signal according to comparative result.
8. according to the described code device of claim 7, it is characterized in that, in described first and second count value any than first reference value big and another than first reference value hour, described mode selection part is selected the orthogonal transform pattern corresponding with the count value bigger than first reference value.
9. according to the described code device of claim 8, it is characterized in that described control device also comprises:
The 3rd counter is used for each pixel block is calculated the number of times that becomes the transform coefficient values of non-" 0 " from " 0 " from first conversion coefficient that scans, the 3rd count value of output expression count results,
Four-counter is used for calculating the number of times that becomes the transform coefficient values of non-" 0 " from " 0 " from the conversion coefficient of second scanner section, the 4th count value of output expression count results;
Described mode selection part in first and second count value both simultaneously than first reference value hour, with the described the 3rd and the 4th count value respectively with second fiducial value of having set relatively, produce mode select signal according to this comparative result.
10. according to the described code device of claim 9, it is characterized in that, described mode selection part any in the 3rd and the 4th count value than second fiducial value big and another than second fiducial value hour, select the orthogonal transform pattern corresponding with the count value littler than second fiducial value; The the described the 3rd and the 4th count value both simultaneously than second fiducial value big or hour, produce mode select signal in order to the conversion coefficient of selecting to produce by described first orthogonal converter.
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| KR1019940035128A KR0139164B1 (en) | 1994-12-19 | 1994-12-19 | Adapted orthogonal transform coding apparatus |
| KR35128/94 | 1994-12-19 | ||
| KR35128/1994 | 1994-12-19 |
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| CN1134079A CN1134079A (en) | 1996-10-23 |
| CN1067199C true CN1067199C (en) | 2001-06-13 |
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| JP (1) | JP3022757B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR0139164B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1067199C (en) |
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| JPH06205386A (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1994-07-22 | Canon Inc | Picture reproduction device |
| JPH06343171A (en) * | 1993-03-31 | 1994-12-13 | Sony Corp | Method and device for encoding picture |
| KR0134343B1 (en) * | 1993-04-13 | 1998-04-29 | 김광호 | Coding device and method of quantization level |
| US5517327A (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 1996-05-14 | Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha | Data processor for image data using orthogonal transformation |
-
1994
- 1994-12-19 KR KR1019940035128A patent/KR0139164B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1995
- 1995-12-18 JP JP32932595A patent/JP3022757B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-12-19 US US08/575,018 patent/US5767908A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-19 CN CN95113191A patent/CN1067199C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3022757B2 (en) | 2000-03-21 |
| JPH08280019A (en) | 1996-10-22 |
| US5767908A (en) | 1998-06-16 |
| KR0139164B1 (en) | 1998-06-01 |
| CN1134079A (en) | 1996-10-23 |
| KR960025597A (en) | 1996-07-20 |
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