CN106719873A - 一种用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂 - Google Patents

一种用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂 Download PDF

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CN106719873A
CN106719873A CN201611161394.4A CN201611161394A CN106719873A CN 106719873 A CN106719873 A CN 106719873A CN 201611161394 A CN201611161394 A CN 201611161394A CN 106719873 A CN106719873 A CN 106719873A
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黄馨
杨庆
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Guangxi Longzhou North Bay Modern Agriculture Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂,包括以下重量份的组分:吲哚乙酸2~3份,萘乙酸0.5~0.9份,水杨酸1.2~1.5份,氨基酸2~6份,鱼腥草干粉3~6份,苦参干粉1~2份,含苹果酸的植物纤维10~20份,所述植物纤维包括玉米杆、麦麸、棉籽壳、板栗苞壳和玉米芯。将本发明的用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂兑水,制得悬浮液,喷洒在秀珍菇上,有利于促进光合作用和新陈代谢,加速秀珍菇的生长,并起到抗菌、抗病、抗毒害、抗重金属的作用,同时能延长秀珍菇的保鲜时间,可长达15天,能有效节约了农药和化肥的使用量,避免了目前常用的化学试剂制成的生长调节剂对土壤和环境的污染。

Description

一种用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂
技术领域
本发明涉及农药领域,特别是一种用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂。
背景技术
秀珍菇 (Pleurotus geesteranus ),秀珍菇上属于真菌门、担子菌纲、伞菌目、侧耳科侧耳属,名称来源于台湾,它不同于普通的凤尾菇是因为其较小,柄有5~6厘米,盖直径<3厘米。秀珍菇因外形悦目、鲜嫩清脆、味道鲜美、营养丰富而获食客好评。秀珍菇的营养价值相当于牛奶,鲜菇中蛋白质含量丰富,氨基酸种类较多,人体必需的8种氨基酸齐全。
植物生长调节剂,随着农业发展逐渐被广大农民所认识,是用于调节植物生长发育的一类农药,包括人工合成的具有天然植物激素相似作用的化合物和从生物中提取的天然植物激素,目前由于使用方便、价格低而被农民普遍采用,但这些植物生长调节剂存在着使植物耐药性增大的缺点,从而降低了植物的抗病能力导致农药施用增多,也还存在持效期短、使用次数多等问题,另外,目前也没有专用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂的相关报道。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂及其制备方法,可促进秀珍菇的快速生长,并能增强植物的抗病能力。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案为:
一种用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂,包括以下重量份的组分:吲哚乙酸2~3份,萘乙酸0.5~0.9份,水杨酸1.2~1.5份,氨基酸2~6份,鱼腥草干粉3~6份,苦参干粉1~2份,含苹果酸的植物纤维10~20份,所述植物纤维包括玉米杆、麦麸、棉籽壳、板栗苞壳和玉米芯。
以上所述的用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂,优选包括以下重量份的组分:吲哚乙酸2.5份,萘乙酸0.7份,水杨酸1.3份,氨基酸4份,鱼腥草干粉5份,苦参干粉1.5份,含苹果酸的植物纤维16份。
优选的,所述植物纤维由玉米杆、麦麸、棉籽壳和玉米芯下列重量份组成:玉米杆10~20份、麦麸6~8份、棉籽壳1~3份、板栗苞壳2~5份和玉米芯10~16份。更优选的,所述植物纤维由玉米杆、麦麸、棉籽壳和玉米芯下列重量份组成:玉米杆16份、麦麸7份、棉籽壳2份、板栗苞壳3份和玉米芯13份。
本发明提供了一种所述含苹果酸的植物纤维的优选制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将玉米芯预先粉碎,用8~10%的硼酸水溶液浸泡6~10h,烘干,得软化后的玉米芯;
(2)将软化后的玉米芯、玉米杆、麦麸、棉籽壳和板栗苞壳预先乙醇中浸泡12~16h,浸泡后烘干,得烘干后的植物纤维;
(3)将未成熟的苹果、未成熟的葡萄按质量比5~10:1混合,切成5~10mm的小块,榨汁,获得果汁,将果汁煮沸后,倒入烘干后的植物纤维中,浸泡6~10h,然后加入羧乙基纤维素,搅拌10~20min;
(4)取出浸泡后的植物纤维,真空冷冻干燥,粉碎至250~300目,获得含苹果酸的植物纤维。
更优选的,所述步骤(3)中,真空冷冻干燥的温度为-60~-40℃,压力为0.4~1.0MPa。
更优选的,所述步骤(2)中,羧乙基纤维素与植物纤维的质量比为1:300~350。
以上所述的用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂的使用方法:按重量份称取吲哚乙酸和萘乙酸,分别溶解于乙醇中,再称取水杨酸、氨基酸、鱼腥草干粉、苦参干粉和含苹果酸的植物纤维,与吲哚乙酸的乙醇溶液和萘乙酸的乙醇溶液,一同加入固体组分重量2×105~1×106倍的水中,喷洒在秀珍菇表面。
具有以下优点:
(1)本发明以吲哚乙酸、萘乙酸为生长调节剂的基础,吲哚乙酸能促进秀珍菇生长,萘乙酸能促进不定根的形成和根的形成,促进秀珍菇抗病、抗寒能力,两种组分的结合可协同增效延长持效时间,保持较长时间的促进秀珍菇生长。
(2)本发明添加了氨基酸作为营养组分,参与合成秀珍菇的生长激素,提高秀珍菇的机体调节能力,促进植物生长和增强植物的抗病能力,对吲哚乙酸和萘乙酸起到增效作用。
(3)本发明还添加了生长激素水杨酸,水杨酸是植物体内普遍存在的一种简单的小分子酚类化合物,其在植物体内能帮助实现植物生长、发育、成熟、衰老等生理过程的调控,以及增强植物的抗盐、抗旱、抗低温、抗紫外线、抗重金属能力;另外,水杨酸还可以软化秀珍菇表面的蜡质,加速营养物质的吸收。
(4)本发明还辅以含苹果酸的植物纤维,植物纤维包含玉米芯、玉米杆、麦麸、棉籽壳和板栗苞壳,自身含有秀珍菇所需的丰富营养物质,且植物纤维经酒精浸泡,能增大其内部孔隙,提高其吸附效果,植物纤维吸附来自于苹果和葡萄自身的纯天然苹果酸,该天然苹果酸是植物本身的内源激素,通过植物纤维缓慢释放添加到植物中,微量的苹果酸有利于植物细胞从外界吸水,有利于促进光合作用,增强秀珍菇的抗病能力;植物纤维选用废弃的植物部分,未成熟的苹果和未成熟的葡萄均可选用提早脱落或者是营养不良的果实,提高了农林废弃物的使用率。
(5)本发明添加了鱼腥草干粉和苦参干粉,鱼腥草干粉和苦参干粉可有效提高秀珍菇抗霉菌、抗鬼伞菌的能力,从而提高秀珍菇的种植效率。
(6)将本发明兑水,制得悬浮液,喷洒在在秀珍菇上,使秀珍菇无论在干旱或湿度大的情况下均能正常生长,有利于促进光合作用和新陈代谢,加速秀珍菇的生长,并起到抗菌、抗病、抗毒害、抗重金属的作用,同时能延长秀珍菇的保鲜时间,可长达15天,能有效节约了农药和化肥的使用量,避免了目前常用的化学试剂制成的生长调节剂对土壤和环境的污染。
具体实施方式
以下将结合具体的实施例对本发明作进一步说明,但本发明的保护范围不限于以下实施例:
实施例1
用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂,称取以下重量的各组分:吲哚乙酸2.5g,萘乙酸0.7g,水杨酸1.3g,氨基酸4g,鱼腥草干粉5g,苦参干粉1.5g,含苹果酸的植物纤维16g。
其中,含苹果酸的植物纤维的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)称取玉米杆16g、麦麸7 g、棉籽壳2 g、板栗苞壳3 g和玉米芯13g作为植物纤维,将玉米芯预先粉碎,用10%的硼酸水溶液浸泡10h,烘干,得软化后的玉米芯;
(2)将软化后的玉米芯、玉米杆、麦麸、棉籽壳和板栗苞壳预先乙醇中浸泡16h,浸泡后烘干,得烘干后的植物纤维;
(3)将未成熟的苹果、未成熟的葡萄按质量比10:1混合,切成5~10mm的小块,榨汁,获得果汁,将果汁煮沸后,倒入烘干后的植物纤维中,果汁以没过植物纤维为准,浸泡10h,然后加入羧乙基纤维素0.14g,搅拌20min;
(4)取出浸泡后的植物纤维,真空冷冻干燥,粉碎至250目,获得含苹果酸的植物纤维。
实施例2
用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂,称取以下重量的各组分:吲哚乙酸2g,萘乙酸0.5g,水杨酸1.2g,氨基酸2g,鱼腥草干粉3份,苦参干粉1g,含苹果酸的植物纤维10g。
其中,含苹果酸的植物纤维的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)称取玉米杆10g、麦麸6g、棉籽壳1g、板栗苞壳2g和玉米芯10g作为植物纤维,将玉米芯预先粉碎,用8%的硼酸水溶液浸泡6h,烘干,得软化后的玉米芯;
(2)将软化后的玉米芯、玉米杆、麦麸、棉籽壳和板栗苞壳预先乙醇中浸泡12h,浸泡后烘干,得烘干后的植物纤维;
(3)将未成熟的苹果、未成熟的葡萄按质量比6:1混合,切成5~10mm的小块,榨汁,获得果汁,将果汁煮沸后,倒入烘干后的植物纤维中,果汁以没过植物纤维为准,浸泡6h,然后加入羧乙基纤维素0.09g,搅拌20min;
(4)取出浸泡后的植物纤维,真空冷冻干燥,粉碎至300目,获得含苹果酸的植物纤维。
实施例3
用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂,称取以下重量的各组分:吲哚乙酸3g,萘乙酸0.9g,水杨酸1.5g,氨基酸6g,鱼腥草干粉6份,苦参干粉2g,含苹果酸的植物纤维20g。
其中,含苹果酸的植物纤维的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)称取玉米杆20g、麦麸8g、棉籽壳3g、板栗苞壳5g和玉米芯16g作为植物纤维,将玉米芯预先粉碎,用10%的硼酸水溶液浸泡8h,烘干,得软化后的玉米芯;
(2)将软化后的玉米芯、玉米杆、麦麸、棉籽壳和板栗苞壳预先乙醇中浸泡16h,浸泡后烘干,得烘干后的植物纤维;
(3)将未成熟的苹果、未成熟的葡萄按质量比5:1混合,切成5~10mm的小块,榨汁,获得果汁,将果汁煮沸后,倒入烘干后的植物纤维中,果汁以没过植物纤维为准,浸泡8h,然后加入羧乙基纤维素0.15g,搅拌20min;
(4)取出浸泡后的植物纤维,真空冷冻干燥,粉碎至250目,获得含苹果酸的植物纤维。
实施例1~3的吲哚乙酸选用爱密挺,取实施例1~3的用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂,按照使用方法混合,一同加入固体组分重量2.5×105倍的水中,在秀珍菇原基形成后以喷雾的形式喷洒在秀珍菇表面,每20kg喷洒300平方米。并设有一空白处理,即在秀珍菇菌包上喷洒同样重量的水。
增产效果见下表:
实施例1 实施例2 实施例3
产量增加(%) 28 20 25

Claims (7)

1.一种用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂,其特征在于:包括以下重量份的组分:吲哚乙酸2~3份,萘乙酸0.5~0.9份,水杨酸1.2~1.5份,氨基酸2~6份,鱼腥草干粉3~6份,苦参干粉1~2份,含苹果酸的植物纤维10~20份,所述植物纤维包括玉米杆、麦麸、棉籽壳、板栗苞壳和玉米芯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂,其特征在于:
所述植物纤维由玉米杆、麦麸、棉籽壳和玉米芯下列重量份组成:玉米杆10~20份、麦麸6~8份、棉籽壳1~3份、板栗苞壳2~5份和玉米芯10~16份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂,其特征在于:
所述含苹果酸的植物纤维的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将玉米芯预先粉碎,用8~10%的硼酸水溶液浸泡6~10h,烘干,得软化后的玉米芯;
(2)将软化后的玉米芯、玉米杆、麦麸、棉籽壳和板栗苞壳预先乙醇中浸泡12~16h,浸泡后烘干,得烘干后的植物纤维;
(3)将未成熟的苹果、未成熟的葡萄按质量比5~10:1混合,切成5~10mm的小块,榨汁,获得果汁,将果汁煮沸后,倒入烘干后的植物纤维中,浸泡6~10h,然后加入羧乙基纤维素,搅拌10~20min;
(4)取出浸泡后的植物纤维,真空冷冻干燥,粉碎至250~300目,获得含苹果酸的植物纤维。
4.根据权利要求2所述的用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂,其特征在于:
所述步骤(3)中,真空冷冻干燥的温度为-60~-40℃,压力为0.4~1.0MPa。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂,其特征在于:
包括以下重量份的组分:吲哚乙酸2.5份,萘乙酸0.7份,水杨酸1.3份,氨基酸4份,鱼腥草干粉5份,苦参干粉1.5份,含苹果酸的植物纤维16份。
6.根据权利要求2所述的用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂的制备方法,其特征在于:
所述植物纤维由玉米杆、麦麸、棉籽壳和玉米芯下列重量份组成:玉米杆16份、麦麸7份、棉籽壳2份、板栗苞壳3份和玉米芯13份。
7.根据权利要求2所述的用于秀珍菇的生长调节剂,其特征在于:
所述步骤(2)中,羧乙基纤维素与植物纤维的质量比为1:300~350。
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