CN106717089B

CN106717089B - Transmission equipment, method and system of reference signal

Info

Publication number: CN106717089B
Application number: CN201580027128.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黎超
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Honor Device Co Ltd
Priority date: 2015-09-01
Filing date: 2015-09-01
Publication date: 2020-02-21
Anticipated expiration: 2035-09-01
Also published as: WO2017035782A1; CN106717089A

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a device, a method, and a system for transmitting a reference signal, which are used to reduce occupation of a transmission resource by the reference signal. In a reference signal transmitting apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention, a processing unit generates a reference signal; the sending unit sends out the reference signal; in a subframe in a time domain, a reference signal occupies at least three symbols; in a frequency domain, in each physical resource block PRB occupied by a reference signal, the reference signal occupies a plurality of discontinuous subcarriers, and in a time domain, the length of one symbol occupied by the reference signal is equal to the length of one data symbol; or the at least three symbols occupied by the reference signal comprise at least one short reference symbol with the length smaller than the length of one data symbol. Discontinuous subcarriers are occupied by the reference signals in a frequency domain, or the symbol length of the reference signals in a time domain is shortened, so that the purpose of reducing the occupation of the reference signals on transmission resources is achieved.

Description

Transmission equipment, method and system of reference signal

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a device, a method, and a system for transmitting a reference signal.

Background

In a wireless communication system, a Reference Signal (RS) is sent from a Reference Signal sending device to a Reference Signal receiving device, and can be used for channel estimation, Signal demodulation, Automatic Gain Control (AGC), Signal quality measurement, positioning, channel detection, positioning, and the like.

Generally, transmission of the reference signal needs to occupy a certain channel transmission resource, which reduces the transmission efficiency of data.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a transmission device, a transmission method and a transmission system of a reference signal, which are used for providing a transmission scheme of the reference signal and reducing the occupation of the reference signal on transmission resources.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a reference signal sending apparatus, including:

a processing unit for generating a reference signal;

the transmitting unit is used for transmitting the reference signal generated by the processing unit;

wherein, in one subframe in time domain, the reference signal occupies at least three symbols;

in a frequency domain, in each physical resource block PRB occupied by the reference signal, the reference signal occupies a plurality of discontinuous subcarriers, and in a time domain, the length of one symbol occupied by the reference signal is equal to the length of one data symbol; or

The at least three symbols occupied by the reference signal include at least one short reference symbol, and the length of the short reference symbol is smaller than that of one data symbol.

With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner,

the interval of the subcarriers occupied by the short reference symbols in the frequency domain is K times of the interval of the subcarriers occupied by the data symbols in the frequency domain, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, a last symbol of the subframe is a null symbol, all data symbols in the subframe, symbols occupied by the reference signal, and the null symbol constitute the subframe, where a length of the null symbol is less than or equal to a length of one data symbol.

With reference to the first or second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner,

in the subframe in the time domain, the reference signal occupies Na symbols, the number of short reference symbols included in the Na symbols occupied is Nb, and the number of normal reference symbols included is Na-Nb;

wherein, the interval of the sub-carriers occupied by the normal reference symbols on the frequency domain is equal to the interval of the sub-carriers occupied by the data symbols on the frequency domain; na and Nb are positive integers, and Nb is less than or equal to Na.

With reference to any one of the first to third possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner, the short reference symbols occupy consecutive subcarriers in a frequency domain.

With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first to third possible implementations of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation,

in the one subframe in the time domain, the reference signal occupies three symbols; if the CP is a normal CP, the interval between adjacent symbols occupied by the reference signal in one subframe is not more than 6 symbols and not less than 5 symbols; if the CP is an extended CP, the interval between adjacent symbols occupied by the reference signal in the subframe is not more than 5 symbols and not less than 4 symbols; or

In the one subframe in the time domain, the reference signal occupies four symbols; if the CP is a normal CP, the interval between adjacent symbols occupied by the reference signal in the subframe is not more than 6 symbols and not less than 4 symbols; if the CP is an extended CP, the interval between adjacent symbols occupied by the reference signal in the subframe is not more than 5 symbols and not less than 3 symbols.

With reference to the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner, the reference signal occupies all non-null symbols in the subframe, and the number of all non-null symbols in the subframe is greater than or equal to 3;

for each PRB occupied by each reference signal in the frequency domain, the reference signal occupies a plurality of subcarriers that are not contiguous.

With reference to the first aspect, or any one of the first to third possible implementations of the first aspect, or the fifth possible implementation, in a seventh possible implementation,

and the reference signal occupies a plurality of discontinuous sub-carriers in each physical resource block PRB occupied on the frequency domain.

With reference to the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in an eighth possible implementation manner,

the reference signal occupies a plurality of equally spaced subcarriers in each PRB occupied in the frequency domain.

With reference to any one of the sixth to eighth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a ninth possible implementation manner, in each PRB in the frequency domain where the reference signal is located, data is not mapped or data to be transmitted is mapped on subcarriers not occupied by the reference signal.

With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first to ninth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a tenth possible implementation manner, the processing unit is specifically configured to: for each of the symbols occupied by the reference signal,

generating a first sequence, wherein the length of the first sequence is equal to the number of subcarriers occupied by the reference signal on the symbol; and

mapping each generated code element in the first sequence to each subcarrier occupied by the reference signal on the code element, wherein one code element corresponds to one subcarrier;

wherein, in the one subframe, the first sequences used for generating the reference signals are the same or different for different symbols occupied by the reference signals.

With reference to the tenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in an eleventh possible implementation manner,

the first sequence is generated by a ZC (Zadoff-Chu) sequence; or

The first sequence is generated by a second sequence and a third sequence, and the second sequence is { Z₁，Z₂，...，Z_NThe length of the second sequence is equal to that of the first sequence, and the length of the second sequence is N, wherein N is a positive integer; the third sequence is { R₁，R₂，...，R_M}，The length of the third sequence is M, where M is the number of symbols occupied by the reference signal in one subframe, and is a positive integer.

With reference to the eleventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a twelfth possible implementation manner,

the second sequence is generated by a ZC sequence, and the third sequence is generated by a pseudo-random sequence; or

The second sequence and the third sequence are both generated by ZC sequences.

With reference to the first aspect, or any one of the first to ninth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a thirteenth possible implementation manner, the reference signal occupies subcarriers at the same frequency domain position on different symbols of the subframe, and the processing unit is specifically configured to:

generating a first sequence, wherein the length of the first sequence is equal to the number of symbols occupied by the reference signal on one subframe;

mapping each generated symbol in the first sequence to each symbol occupied by the reference signal on a subframe, wherein one symbol corresponds to one symbol;

wherein, in the one subframe, the first sequences used for generating the reference signals are the same or different for different subcarriers occupied by the reference signals.

With reference to the first aspect, or any one of the foregoing possible implementations of the first aspect, in a fourteenth possible implementation,

the time frequency resource occupied by the reference signal is the time frequency resource in the first resource pool;

the first resource pool comprises part or all subframes in a radio frame in a time domain;

including some or all of the configured system bandwidth in the frequency domain.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a reference signal sending apparatus, including the reference signal sending apparatus provided in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a reference signal receiving apparatus, including:

a receiving unit for receiving a reference signal;

the processing unit is used for carrying out signal processing on the reference signal received by the receiving unit;

With reference to the third aspect, in a first possible implementation manner,

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, a last symbol of the subframe is a null symbol, all data symbols in the subframe, symbols occupied by the reference signal, and the null symbol constitute the subframe, where a length of the null symbol is less than or equal to a length of one data symbol.

With reference to the first or second possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in a third possible implementation manner,

With reference to any one of the first to third possible implementation manners of the third aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner, the short reference symbols occupy consecutive subcarriers in a frequency domain.

With reference to the third aspect or any one of the first to third possible implementation manners of the third aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner,

With reference to the third aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner, the reference signal occupies all non-null symbols in the one subframe, and the number of all non-null symbols in the one subframe is greater than or equal to 3;

With reference to the third aspect, or any one of the first to third possible implementation manners of the third aspect, or a fifth possible implementation manner, in a seventh possible implementation manner, the reference signal occupies a plurality of discontinuous subcarriers in each physical resource block PRB occupied in the frequency domain.

With reference to the seventh possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in an eighth possible implementation manner,

With reference to any one of the sixth to eighth possible implementation manners of the third aspect, in a ninth possible implementation manner, in each PRB in the frequency domain where the reference signal is located, data is not mapped or data to be transmitted is mapped on subcarriers not occupied by the reference signal.

With reference to the third aspect or any one of the first to ninth possible implementations of the third aspect, in a tenth possible implementation,

the processing unit is further to: generating a first sequence for each predicted symbol occupied by the reference signal in the subframe before signal processing is performed on the received reference signal, wherein the length of the first sequence is equal to the number of predicted subcarriers occupied by the reference signal on the symbol;

the processing unit is specifically configured to: performing the signal processing on the received reference signal according to the generated first sequence;

wherein, in the one subframe, the first sequence used for the signal processing of the received reference signal is the same or different for different symbols occupied by the reference signal.

With reference to the tenth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in an eleventh possible implementation manner,

the first sequence is generated by a ZC sequence; or

The first sequence is generated by a second sequence and a third sequence, and the second sequence is { Z₁，Z₂，...，Z_NThe length of the second sequence is equal to that of the first sequence, and the length of the second sequence is N, wherein N is a positive integer; the third sequence is { R₁，R₂，...，R_MThe length of the third sequence is M, where M is in one subframe, and the reference signal is transmitted in the subframeThe number of occupied symbols is a positive integer.

With reference to the eleventh possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in a twelfth possible implementation manner,

The second sequence and the third sequence are both generated by ZC sequences.

With reference to the third aspect or any one of the first to ninth possible implementation manners of the third aspect, in a thirteenth possible implementation manner, the reference signal occupies subcarriers at the same predicted frequency domain position on different symbols of the one subframe;

the length of the first sequence is equal to the number of symbols occupied by the reference signal on one subframe;

each symbol in the first sequence corresponds to each symbol occupied by the predicted reference signal on the subframe, wherein one symbol corresponds to one symbol;

wherein, in the one subframe, the first sequences used for performing the signal processing on the received reference signals are the same or different for different subcarriers occupied by the reference signals.

With reference to the third aspect, or any one of the foregoing possible implementations of the third aspect, in a fourteenth possible implementation,

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a reference signal receiving apparatus, including the reference signal receiving apparatus provided in the third aspect or any possible implementation manner of the third aspect.

In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a reference signal sending apparatus, including:

a processing unit for generating a reference signal;

in time domain, the reference signal only occupies the first symbol of one subframe;

In a frequency domain, the reference signal occupies all subcarriers in a continuous part of PRB within a bandwidth occupied by the reference signal, and in a time domain, a length of one symbol occupied by the reference signal is equal to a length of one data symbol; or

The symbols occupied by the reference signal are short reference symbols, and the length of the short reference symbols is smaller than that of one data symbol.

With reference to the fifth aspect, in a first possible implementation manner,

if the reference signal occupies a plurality of discontinuous sub-carriers in each physical resource block PRB occupied by the reference signal in the frequency domain, the reference signal occupies a plurality of discontinuous sub-carriers

In each PRB occupied by the reference signal, subcarriers not occupied by the reference signal do not map data or map data to be transmitted.

With reference to the fifth aspect or the first possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, a last symbol of the subframe is a null symbol;

all data symbols in the subframe, symbols occupied by the reference signal and the null symbols form the subframe; the sum of the length of the symbol occupied by the reference signal and the length of the null symbol is equal to the length of one data symbol.

With reference to the fifth aspect, or any one of the above possible implementations of the fifth aspect, in a third possible implementation,

In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a reference signal transmitting apparatus, including the reference signal transmitting apparatus as provided in the fifth aspect, or any possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect.

In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a reference signal receiving apparatus, including:

a receiving unit for receiving a reference signal;

With reference to the seventh aspect, in a first possible implementation manner,

With reference to the seventh aspect or the first possible implementation manner of the seventh aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, a last symbol of the subframe is a null symbol;

With reference to the seventh aspect or any one of the foregoing possible implementations of the seventh aspect, in a third possible implementation,

In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a reference signal receiving apparatus, including the reference signal receiving apparatus provided in the seventh aspect or any possible implementation manner of the seventh aspect.

In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for sending a reference signal, including:

generating a reference signal;

sending out the generated reference signal;

With reference to the ninth aspect, in a first possible implementation manner,

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the ninth aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, a last symbol of the subframe is a null symbol, all data symbols in the subframe, symbols occupied by the reference signal, and the null symbol constitute the subframe, where a length of the null symbol is less than or equal to a length of one data symbol.

With reference to the first or second possible implementation manner of the ninth aspect, in a third possible implementation manner,

With reference to any one of the first to third possible implementation manners of the ninth aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner, the short reference symbols occupy consecutive subcarriers in a frequency domain.

With reference to the ninth aspect or any one of the first to third possible implementation manners of the ninth aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner,

With reference to the ninth aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner, the reference signal occupies all non-null symbols in the one subframe, and the number of all non-null symbols in the one subframe is greater than or equal to 3;

With reference to the ninth aspect, or any one of the first to third possible implementation manners of the ninth aspect, or the fifth possible implementation manner, in a seventh possible implementation manner, the reference signal occupies a plurality of discontinuous subcarriers in each physical resource block PRB occupied in the frequency domain.

With reference to the seventh possible implementation manner of the ninth aspect, in an eighth possible implementation manner,

With reference to any one of the sixth possible implementation manner to the eighth possible implementation manner of the ninth aspect, in a ninth possible implementation manner, in each PRB in the frequency domain where the reference signal is located, data is not mapped or data to be transmitted is mapped on subcarriers not occupied by the reference signal.

With reference to the ninth aspect or any one of the first to ninth possible implementations of the ninth aspect, in a tenth possible implementation,

the generating the reference signal comprises: for each of the symbols occupied by the reference signal,

With reference to the tenth possible implementation manner of the ninth aspect, in an eleventh possible implementation manner,

the first sequence is generated by a ZC sequence; or

The first sequence is generated by a second sequence and a third sequence, and the second sequence is { Z₁，Z₂，...，Z_NThe length of the second sequence is equal to that of the first sequence, and the length of the second sequence is N, wherein N is a positive integer; the third sequence is { R₁，R₂，...，R_MAnd the length of the third sequence is M, where M is the number of symbols occupied by the reference signal in one subframe, and is a positive integer.

With reference to the eleventh possible implementation manner of the ninth aspect, in a twelfth possible implementation manner,

The second sequence and the third sequence are both generated by ZC sequences.

With reference to the ninth aspect or any one of the first to ninth possible implementation manners of the ninth aspect, in a thirteenth possible implementation manner, the generating the reference signal includes:

With reference to the ninth aspect, or any one of the above possible implementations of the ninth aspect, in a fourteenth possible implementation,

In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a reference signal receiving method, including:

receiving a reference signal;

processing the received reference signal;

With reference to the tenth aspect, in a first possible implementation manner,

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the tenth aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, the last symbol of the subframe is a null symbol, all data symbols in the subframe, symbols occupied by the reference signal, and the null symbol constitute the subframe, where a length of the null symbol is less than or equal to a length of one data symbol.

With reference to the first or second possible implementation manner of the tenth aspect, in a third possible implementation manner,

With reference to any one of the first to third possible implementation manners of the tenth aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner, the short reference symbols occupy consecutive subcarriers in a frequency domain.

With reference to the tenth aspect or any one of the first to third possible implementations of the tenth aspect, in a fifth possible implementation,

With reference to the tenth aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner, the reference signal occupies all non-null symbols in the one subframe, and the number of all non-null symbols in the one subframe is greater than or equal to 3;

With reference to the tenth aspect, or any one of the first to third possible implementation manners of the tenth aspect, or the fifth possible implementation manner, in a seventh possible implementation manner, the reference signal occupies a plurality of discontinuous subcarriers in each physical resource block PRB occupied in the frequency domain.

With reference to the seventh possible implementation manner of the tenth aspect, in an eighth possible implementation manner,

With reference to any one of the sixth possible implementation manner to the eighth possible implementation manner of the tenth aspect, in a ninth possible implementation manner, in each PRB on the frequency domain where the reference signal is located, data is not mapped or data to be transmitted is mapped on subcarriers not occupied by the reference signal.

With reference to the tenth aspect or any one of the first to ninth possible implementations of the tenth aspect, in a tenth possible implementation,

before signal processing is performed on the received reference signal, the method further includes:

generating a first sequence for each predicted symbol occupied by the reference signal in the subframe, wherein the length of the first sequence is equal to the number of predicted subcarriers occupied by the reference signal on the symbol;

performing the signal processing on the received reference signal according to the generated first sequence;

With reference to the tenth possible implementation manner of the tenth aspect, in an eleventh possible implementation manner,

the first sequence is generated by a ZC sequence; or

With reference to the eleventh possible implementation manner of the tenth aspect, in a twelfth possible implementation manner,

The second sequence and the third sequence are both generated by ZC sequences.

With reference to the tenth aspect or any one of the first to ninth possible implementations of the tenth aspect, in a thirteenth possible implementation, the reference signals occupy subcarriers at the same predicted frequency domain position on different symbols of the one subframe;

With reference to the tenth aspect, or any one of the above possible implementations of the tenth aspect, in a fourteenth possible implementation,

In an eleventh aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wireless communication system, including: a sending device and a receiving device,

the sending device is used for generating a reference signal and sending out the generated reference signal;

the receiving device is used for receiving the reference signal and processing the received reference signal;

In a twelfth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for sending a reference signal, including:

generating a reference signal;

sending out the generated reference signal;

With reference to the twelfth aspect, in a first possible implementation manner,

With reference to the twelfth aspect or the first possible implementation manner of the twelfth aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, a last symbol of the subframe is a null symbol;

With reference to the twelfth aspect, or any one of the foregoing possible implementations of the twelfth aspect, in a third possible implementation,

In a thirteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a reference signal receiving method, including:

receiving a reference signal;

performing signal processing on the received reference signal;

With reference to the thirteenth aspect, in a first possible implementation manner,

With reference to the thirteenth aspect or the first possible implementation manner of the thirteenth aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, a last symbol of the subframe is a null symbol;

With reference to the thirteenth aspect, or any one of the above possible implementations of the thirteenth aspect, in a third possible implementation,

In a fourteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wireless communication system, including: a sending device and a receiving device,

wherein, in time domain, the reference signal only occupies the first symbol of one subframe;

In the embodiment of the invention, discontinuous subcarriers are occupied by the reference signal in a frequency domain, or the symbol length of the reference signal in a time domain is shortened, so that the aim of reducing the occupation of the reference signal on transmission resources is fulfilled.

Further, for a scheme in which the reference signal occupies at least 3 symbols in one subframe, the receiving apparatus of the reference signal can obtain a denser reference signal per unit time than the scheme shown in fig. 1. Under a high-frequency and high-speed scene, the fast fading of the channel is more serious, and the characteristic change of the channel in unit time is faster. By adopting the embodiment of the invention, the data to be sent can be sent out in the coherent time for the sending equipment within one transmission time (for example, one transmission of a 1ms subframe of an LTE system); for the receiving device, the receiving device can acquire more reference signals and acquire information such as channel states according to the acquired reference signals, so that the performance requirement of the receiving device 502 on the received data estimation sent by the sending device is met, and the communication requirement in a high-frequency and high-speed scene is met.

Further, for a scheme that the reference signal occupies at least 3 symbols in one subframe, if the reference signal occupies a plurality of discontinuous subcarriers in each PRB occupied in the frequency domain, or the symbols occupied by the reference signal on one subframe include short reference symbols, the overhead of the reference signal can be effectively reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a transmission method of a DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS) in a current LTE system;

FIGS. 2-4 are block diagrams of wireless communication systems according to embodiments of the present invention;

fig. 5A is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5B is a schematic diagram of an optional process of generating and transmitting a reference signal by a transmitting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5C is a schematic diagram of an optional process of receiving a reference signal and performing signal processing by a receiving device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an alternative mapping scheme according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7A to 7E are schematic diagrams of alternative mapping manners of DMRS in a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8A to 8E are schematic diagrams of alternative mapping manners when REs that are not occupied by DMRS do not fill in data according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9A to 9D are schematic diagrams of alternative mapping manners when the DMRS is mapped on the time domain in the second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an alternative mapping manner of a DMRS in a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11A to 11B are schematic diagrams of alternative mapping manners when the DMRS is mapped on the time domain in the third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12A and 12B are schematic diagrams illustrating alternative transmission manners of reference signals according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an alternative mapping manner of reference signals according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a first reference signal transmitting apparatus according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for transmitting a reference signal according to a seventh embodiment;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a reference signal receiving apparatus according to an eighth embodiment;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a reference signal receiving apparatus according to a ninth embodiment;

fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a reference signal transmitting apparatus according to a tenth embodiment;

fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a reference signal transmitting apparatus according to an eleventh embodiment;

fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a reference signal receiving apparatus according to a twelfth embodiment;

fig. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a reference signal receiving apparatus according to a twelfth embodiment;

fig. 22 is a flowchart of a reference signal transmitting method according to a fourteenth embodiment;

fig. 23 is a flowchart of a reference signal receiving method according to a fifteenth embodiment;

fig. 24 is a flowchart of a reference signal transmitting method according to a sixteenth embodiment;

fig. 25 is a flowchart of a reference signal receiving method according to a seventeenth embodiment.

Detailed Description

The embodiment of the invention provides a transmission device, a transmission method and a transmission system of a reference signal, which are used for providing a transmission scheme of the reference signal so as to reduce the occupation of the reference signal on transmission resources.

In the embodiment of the invention, the reference signal sending equipment generates the reference signal and sends out the generated reference signal; in a frequency domain, in each Physical Resource Block (PRB) occupied by a reference signal, the reference signal occupies multiple discontinuous subcarriers, and in a time domain, the length of one symbol occupied by the reference signal is equal to the length of one data symbol; or the symbols occupied by the reference signal in one subframe comprise at least one short reference symbol, and the length of the short reference symbol is smaller than that of one data symbol.

The discontinuous subcarriers are occupied by the reference signal in the frequency domain, or the symbol length of the reference signal in the time domain is shortened, so that the purpose of reducing the occupation of the reference signal on transmission resources is achieved.

In one aspect, in a subframe in a time domain, a reference signal occupies at least three symbols. This further satisfies the communication requirements for high frequency, high speed scenarios. Specifically, reference may be made to the following "mapping method one".

On the other hand, in the time domain, the reference signal only occupies the first symbol of one subframe, and can support the reference signal for AGC and other processes, so that the receiving device can perform subsequent data processing according to the reference signal in the first symbol of one subframe. Hereinafter, a reference signal for AGC will be described as an example.

In the following, for ease of understanding, the basic concepts related to the embodiments of the present invention are described.

For convenience of understanding, a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system is taken as an example for description, but this does not mean that the embodiment of the present invention is only applicable to the LTE system, and in fact, any wireless communication system that transmits a reference signal to meet communication requirements in a high-frequency and high-speed scene may adopt the reference signal transmission scheme provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

Data transmission in LTE system

In the LTE system, downlink transmission, that is, transmission from Access network equipment such as a base station to a UE, is based on a multiple Access scheme of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA); uplink transmission, i.e., transmission of the UE to the Access network device, is based on a Single Carrier-frequency division Multiplexing Access (SC-FDMA) multiple Access scheme.

For downlink transmission, the time-frequency resources are divided into OFDM symbols in the time domain dimension and subcarriers in the frequency domain dimension; for uplink transmission, the time-frequency resources are divided into SC-FDMA symbols in the frequency domain dimension. In this embodiment of the present invention, the symbols may be OFDM symbols, SC-FDMA symbols, or symbols in other multiple access manners, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

In the LTE system, the smallest Resource granularity is called Resource Element (RE), i.e. a time-frequency grid point that represents a time-domain symbol in a time domain and a subcarrier in a frequency domain.

Generally, the basic time unit scheduled by the access network device is one subframe, and one subframe includes a plurality of time domain symbols. Alternatively, for some scenarios requiring reduced transmission latency, the basic unit of time scheduled by the access network device may be 1 or more time domain symbols.

The LTE system supports two duplex modes, Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD). For an LTE system adopting an FDD duplex mode, referred to as an FDD LTE system for short, downlink transmission and uplink transmission use different carriers. For a TDD duplex LTE system, referred to as a TDD LTE system for short, uplink transmission and downlink transmission use different times of the same carrier, and specifically include a downlink subframe, an uplink subframe, and a special subframe on one carrier.

The special subframe includes three parts, namely a Downlink Pilot Time Slot (DwPTS), a Guard Time (GP) and an Uplink Pilot Time Slot (UpPTS), wherein the GP is mainly used for compensating for the conversion Time and the propagation delay of a device from Downlink to Uplink. In addition, downlink data can be transmitted in DwPTS, but PUSCH cannot be transmitted in UpPTS, so from this viewpoint, the special subframe can be regarded as a downlink subframe.

Second, PRB, interval and symbol length of subcarrier

In the LTE system, when data transmission is performed, PRB is formed by uplink and downlink time-frequency resources, and scheduling and allocation are performed as physical resource units. In current LTE systems, one PRB includes 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. In the current LTE system, the interval between subcarriers is 15kHz, that is, the interval between the center frequency points of two adjacent subcarriers.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a normal reference symbol and a short reference symbol are provided. The length of the normal reference symbol is the same as that of the data symbol, and the interval of the sub-carriers occupied on the frequency domain is equal to that of the sub-carriers of the data symbol. For example: according to the current LTE system, the interval of subcarriers is 15 kHz; and the length of the short reference symbol is shorter than that of the data symbol, and the interval of the sub-carriers occupied on the frequency domain is wider than that of the sub-carriers occupied by the data symbol.

For example: the interval of subcarriers occupied by the short reference symbols in the frequency domain is K times the interval of subcarriers occupied by the data symbols, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 2. Taking K ═ 2 as an example, the interval of the subcarriers occupied by the short reference symbols in the frequency domain is 2 times the interval of the subcarriers of the data symbols, such as: 30 kHz. In addition, K can also take values of 3, 4 and the like.

According to the mutual correspondence between time frequencies, when the interval of the subcarriers is doubled, the length of the symbol in the time domain becomes half of the original length, wherein the length of the CP is not included. For example, K is 2, the length of the short reference symbol in the time domain except for the CP is half of the length of the data symbol in the time domain except for the CP.

Third, in a DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS) in the current LTE system, a receiving device demodulates received data according to the received DMRS. Currently, there are 1 DMRS symbols in each 0.5ms slot, such as symbol (Sym)4 in fig. 1. In fig. 1, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) is added in front of each Symbol to remove Inter Symbol Interference (ISI). Sym0 to Sym6 indicate symbols 0 to 6 in one slot, where shaded Sym4 indicates symbols used as DMRS.

Four, pseudo-random sequence and ZC sequence

1. Pseudo-random sequence

The pseudo-random sequence refers to: each symbol on the sequence appears in a random-like manner over the length of the entire sequence. Typical pseudo-random sequences include m-sequences, Gold sequences, Kasami, GMW sequences, and the like.

2. Perfect sequence

A sequence set a with a length L is a perfect sequence, which means that any one sequence in the sequence set has an ideal periodic autocorrelation function and the ideal cross-correlation function values of any two different sequences, that is:

where a and b are any two different sequences in sequence set a.

In particular, b (n), n ═ 0, 1, L-1 sequences useful in embodiments of the present invention include, but are not limited to: ZC sequences and GCL sequences.

3. ZC sequence

In the above perfect sequence, when

Then, the perfect sequence is a ZC sequence, wherein,or

j is an imaginary unit and u is the root of the ZC sequenceA serial number.

4. GCL sequences

Of the above perfect sequences, when b (n) c (n) g ((n) modm),

n

0, 1.., L-1, the perfect sequence is a GCL sequence, wherein L s m²And c (n) is a perfect sequence, g (n), n is 0, 1, m-1 is a complex number of 1 amplitude for each element of length m.

Five, CP

In the current LTE system, there are two types of CP, and there are three values for CP length.

CP types are classified into normal (normal) CP and extended (extended) CP.

Taking the system bandwidth of 20MHz as an example, when the normal CP is adopted, the number of samples occupied by the 1 st symbol of each timeslot, such as Sym0 in fig. 1, is 160, the corresponding occupied duration is about 5.2 microseconds, the number of samples occupied by other symbols in the 1ms subframe is 144, and the corresponding occupied duration is about 4.7 microseconds. When the normal CP is adopted, in the current LTE system, there are 14 symbols in a subframe. When the extended CP is adopted, the CP length of each symbol is the same as 512 sampling points, and the corresponding occupied time length is about 16.7 microseconds. In the current LTE system, there are 12 symbols in a subframe of one extended CP.

Sixth, the architecture, the terminal and the access network device of the wireless communication system applicable to the embodiment of the invention

The embodiment of the present invention is applicable to the architecture of the wireless communication system of the terminal device-access network device shown in fig. 2, wherein the reference signal can be sent by the terminal device and received by the access network device; the terminal can also send and receive the message by the access network equipment.

The embodiment of the present invention is also applicable to the architecture of the terminal-to-terminal wireless communication system shown in fig. 3, for example: in a Device-to-Device (D2D) communication system, one terminal Device transmits a reference signal, and the other terminal devices receive the reference signal, perform channel estimation based on the received reference signal, and the like.

The embodiment of the present invention may also be used in the car networking system shown in fig. 4, wherein a transmission manner of the reference signal between the terminal devices is similar to that in the D2D system, and is not described herein again. The reference signal may also be transmitted between a Road Side Unit (RSU) and a terminal device, for example: RSU sends reference signal, terminal equipment receives reference signal, or terminal equipment sends reference signal, RSU receives reference signal; in addition, reference signals may also be transmitted between the RSU and the base station, such as: the RSU transmits the reference signal, the base station receives the reference signal, or the base station transmits the reference signal and the RSU receives the reference signal. Here, the RSU and the base station can be regarded as access network devices, and the RSU can also be regarded as a terminal device.

It should be noted that, when the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a car networking system, the terminal device may be a vehicle-mounted device, the RSU may communicate with the vehicle-mounted device and/or a base station, and the base station may communicate with the vehicle-mounted device and/or the RSU. The vehicle-mounted equipment moves with the vehicle at high speed, and has larger relative movement speed when the two vehicle-mounted equipment move relatively. The communication among the vehicle-mounted device, the RSU, and the base station may use the spectrum of a cellular link, and may also use the smart traffic spectrum around 5.9 GHz.

Furthermore, the terminal device in embodiments of the present invention may be a wireless terminal, which may be a device providing voice and/or data connectivity to a user, a handheld device having wireless connection capability, or other processing device connected to a wireless modem. Wireless terminals, which may be mobile terminals such as mobile telephones (or "cellular" telephones) and computers having mobile terminals, such as portable, pocket, hand-held, computer-included, or vehicle-mounted mobile devices, may communicate with one or more core networks via a Radio Access Network (e.g., RAN). For example, Personal Communication Service (PCS) phones, cordless phones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, Wireless Local Loop (WLL) stations, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), and the like. A wireless Terminal may also be referred to as a system, a Subscriber Unit (Subscriber Unit), a Subscriber Station (Subscriber Station), a Mobile Station (Mobile), a Remote Station (Remote Station), an Access point (Access point), a Remote Terminal (Remote Terminal), an Access Terminal (Access Terminal), a User Terminal (User Terminal), a User Agent (User Agent), a User Device (User Device), or a User equipment (User equipment).

The access network equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention can comprise a base station, or wireless resource management equipment for controlling the base station, or the access network equipment comprises the base station and the wireless resource management equipment for controlling the base station; the access network device may be a macro station or a small station, and may also be the RSU described above.

Seventh, the communication system of the wireless communication system suitable for the embodiment of the present invention

The communication systems of various wireless communication systems provided by the embodiments of the present invention include, but are not limited to: GSM (Global System of Mobile communication), CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) IS-95, CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) 2000, Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA), WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, WCDMA), TDD (Time Division Duplex-Long Term Evolution, TDD LTE), WiMAX-Long Term Evolution (FDD), LTE-Long Term Evolution (Wireless Evolution-Long Term Evolution), WiFi-Handheld telephone (Personal Mobile Internet protocol), WiFi-Handheld telephone (Wireless Internet protocol 802), WiFi-Wireless broadband (Wireless Internet protocol for Internet 11), and various wireless communication systems that evolve in the future.

In fact, any wireless communication system that transmits a reference signal to meet communication requirements in a high-frequency and high-speed scenario may employ the reference signal transmission scheme provided by the embodiments of the present invention.

Eight, other descriptions

Additionally, the terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably herein. The term "and/or" herein is merely an association describing an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B, may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

While the basic concepts related to the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the main contents of the embodiments of the present invention and the related drawings are listed in table 1 below for the convenience of understanding.

TABLE 1

[ EXAMPLES one ]

As shown in fig. 5A, a wireless communication system according to a first embodiment includes: for the sake of simplicity of description, the transmission device 501 of the reference signal and the reception device 502 of the reference signal will be referred to as "transmission device 501" and the reception device 502 of the reference signal will be referred to as "reception device 502" hereinafter.

The sending device 501 is configured to determine a reference signal and send the determined reference signal;

the receiving device 502 is configured to receive a reference signal and process the received reference signal, such as: and performing channel estimation, signal demodulation, AGC, wireless measurement, channel detection and the like according to the received reference signal.

Fig. 5B illustrates an alternative process for the transmitting device 501 to generate and transmit a reference signal.

As shown in fig. 5B, the process may include the steps of:

s501: the transmitting device 501 determines a sequence generation parameter for generating a reference signal sequence;

s502: the sending device 501 generates a reference signal according to the determined sequence generation parameter;

s503: the transmitting device 501 generates a data symbol to be transmitted;

s504: the transmitting device 501 determines a mapping scheme parameter used when mapping the reference signal sequence to the physical resource;

s505: the sending device 501 maps the generated reference signal sequence to the physical resource according to the determined mapping mode parameter, and forms a data subframe to be sent together with the data mapped to the physical resource;

s506: the transmitting device 501 transmits the formed data sub-frame.

Fig. 5C shows an alternative process for receiving a reference signal by the receiving device 502.

As shown in fig. 5C, the process may include the steps of:

s511: the receiving device 502 determines generation parameters of a reference signal sequence to be received;

s512: the receiving device 502 generates a local reference signal sequence according to the determined generation parameters of the sequence;

s513: the receiving device 502 determines a mapping mode parameter used when mapping the reference signal sequence to the physical resource;

s514: the receiving device 502 performs signal processing on the received reference signal according to the determined mapping mode parameter and the generated local reference signal sequence.

There are many ways of signal processing, including: the method comprises the steps of performing channel estimation on a received reference signal to obtain channel quality information in a bandwidth where the reference signal is located, and/or performing data detection on the received reference signal and data to be received to obtain the data to be received.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the reference signal may be any one of the aforementioned reference signals used for channel estimation, signal demodulation, Automatic Gain Control (AGC), signal quality measurement, positioning, channel detection, positioning, and the like. Such as: DMRS, reference signals for AGC, etc.

In the embodiment of the invention, the reference signal sequence is used for generating the reference signal in one subframe, and one symbol in the sequence corresponds to one subcarrier in one symbol occupied by the reference signal in one subframe.

In the embodiment of the invention, the time-frequency resource occupied by the reference signal is the time-frequency resource in the first resource pool;

the first resource pool comprises a part of or all subframes in a radio frame in a time domain and comprises a part of or all bandwidth in configured system bandwidth in a frequency domain.

In various architectures listed in fig. 2, fig. 3, or fig. 4, when the sending device 501 sends the reference signal, it may use the time-frequency resources in the first resource pool to send, and accordingly, the receiving device 502 receives the reference signal on the time-frequency resources in the first resource pool.

The configuration of the first resource pool and whether the sending device 501 uses the first resource pool to send the reference signal may be implemented in various alternative ways, and three examples of them are listed below:

in a first way,

The first resource pool may be predefined by a protocol or configured through signaling, for example, the base station broadcasts configuration information of the first resource pool in the cell through a system message, or sends the configuration information of the first resource pool to the sending device 501 of the partial reference signal in the cell through a common message; after receiving the configuration information, the sending device 501 of the reference signal determines the first resource pool according to the configuration information, and determines whether the reference signal needs to be sent on the first resource pool according to at least one of the following parameters:

the priority of data to be sent by the sending device 501, which can be determined by the importance, urgency, etc. of the data to be sent;

the moving speed of the transmitting device 501 is, for example: a value of the movement speed, or whether the movement speed is in a predefined speed interval, or whether the movement speed is greater than a predefined value;

the frequency used by the transmitting device 501 to transmit data to be transmitted, for example: whether a high frequency (such as 5.9GH) or a low frequency (such as 2GHz) is used, wherein the value range of the high frequency or the low frequency can be defined in advance through a protocol;

such as: when the priority of data to be sent by the sending device 501 is higher, the sending device 501 may send a reference signal on the first resource pool; for another example: when the priority of the data to be sent by the sending device 501 is higher and the moving speed exceeds the preset speed threshold, the sending device 501 may send a reference signal on the first resource pool; for another example: when the frequency used by the sending device 501 for sending the data to be sent is high frequency, the sending device 501 may send a reference signal on the first resource pool; for another example: when the priority of the data to be sent by the sending device 501 is higher, the moving speed exceeds the preset speed threshold, and the frequency used by the sending device 501 to send the data to be sent is high frequency, the sending device 501 may send the reference signal on the first resource pool.

The second way,

The base station may send the configuration information of the first resource pool to the sending device 501 of a reference signal through a dedicated signaling, instruct the sending device 501 to send the reference signal on the first resource pool, and determine whether the sending device 501 wants to send the configuration information of the first resource pool according to at least one of the parameters described in one manner.

The third method,

The first resource pool is predefined by the protocol, and similarly, the sending device 501 of the reference signal may also determine whether the reference signal needs to be sent on the first resource pool according to the above parameters in the first mode, and if it is determined that the reference signal needs to be sent on the first resource pool, the reference signal is sent on the first resource pool predefined by the protocol. The specific method can also refer to the first method, which is not described herein again.

Optionally, the configuration information of the first resource pool may include at least one of the following parameters:

the priority information of the first resource pool is used for indicating the priority of the resource pool and defining the description in the referential mode I;

the information of the mobile reliability of the first resource pool is used for indicating the mobile reliability of the resource pool and defining the description in the referential mode I;

the information of the frequency of the first resource pool, which is used to indicate the frequency of the resource pool, is defined as described in the first referential manner.

The above configuration of the first resource pool and various optional implementation manners of whether the sending device 501 uses the first resource pool to send the reference signal may be applicable to the following various reference signal sequence mapping manners.

In the embodiment of the invention, the mapping mode of the reference signal sequence to the physical resource is different from that of the current LTE system. The mapping manner may include a time domain mapping manner, a frequency domain mapping manner, and the like.

The time domain mapping method may include: the number of symbols occupied by the reference signal in the time domain, the length of the symbols occupied by the reference signal, the position of the symbols occupied by the reference signal in the time domain, and the like;

the frequency domain mapping method may include: whether the reference signal occupies consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain, the interval of the subcarriers occupied by the reference signal, etc.

Next, a mapping method of a reference signal that can be used in the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.

According to the mapping mode of the reference signal in the time domain, the mapping mode of the reference signal is divided into a first mapping mode and a second mapping mode. In the first mapping mode, in a subframe in a time domain, a reference signal may occupy at least three symbols; in the second mapping scheme, the reference signal occupies only the first symbol in one subframe in the time domain.

Mapping mode one

In the first mapping scheme, the reference signal may occupy at least three symbols in one subframe in the time domain. Here, the frequency domain mapping scheme is not limited, and consecutive or non-consecutive subcarriers may be occupied.

By adopting the first mapping method, compared with the existing LTE system in which 1 reference signal such as DMRS symbol exists in each 0.5ms slot and two slots in 1 subframe have 2 DMRS symbols, by adopting this method, the density of transmitting reference signals by the transmitting device 501 in the time domain is increased.

By adopting the above scheme, the receiving apparatus 502 of the reference signal can obtain a denser reference signal in a unit time. Under a high-frequency and high-speed scene, the fast fading of the channel is more serious, and the characteristic change of the channel in unit time is faster. By adopting the embodiment of the invention, the sending equipment 501 can send the data to be sent out in the coherent time within one transmission time (for example, one transmission of 1ms subframe of an LTE system); for the receiving device 502, the receiving device can acquire more reference signals and acquire information such as channel states according to the acquired reference signals, so that the performance requirement of the receiving device 502 in estimating the received data transmitted by the transmitting device 501 is met, and the communication requirement in a high-frequency and high-speed scene is met.

Optionally, in the mapping manner, in order to obtain better adaptation to high-frequency and high-speed application scenarios, at least three symbols occupied by the reference signal in one subframe may be in two different time slots. In this way, the reference signals occur more times in one subframe, and the distribution is more uniform, so that the receiving device 502 can obtain more data reference signals, and the result of channel estimation based on the reference signals is better.

According to the length of the symbol occupied by the reference signal and the frequency domain mapping manner, the first mapping manner may be further divided, and the first mapping manner may include, but is not limited to, the following three sub-manners:

sub-mode one

In the frequency domain, in each PRB occupied by the reference signal, the reference signal occupies a plurality of discontinuous subcarriers, and in the time domain, the length of one symbol occupied by the reference signal is equal to the length of one data symbol;

sub mode two

In a frequency domain, the reference signal occupies all subcarriers in a continuous part of PRB within a bandwidth occupied by the reference signal, and in a time domain, the length of one symbol occupied by the reference signal is equal to the length of one data symbol;

sub mode three

The length of the symbols occupied by the reference signal is distinguished, and the symbols occupied by the reference signal can be divided into normal reference symbols and short reference symbols, wherein the length of the normal reference symbols is equal to the length of the data symbols, and the length of the short reference symbols is smaller than the length of the data symbols.

For the first mapping sub-method, in each PRB occupied by the reference signal, the reference signal occupies multiple discontinuous subcarriers, but the symbol occupied by the reference signal is a normal reference symbol.

For the second sub-mode of the first mapping mode, referring to fig. 6, the whole bandwidth occupied by the reference signal includes a plurality of PRBs, wherein the reference signal occupies part of the PRBs, and the occupied part of the PRBs is continuous, and in each occupied PRB, the reference signal occupies each subcarrier in the PRB.

Optionally, for the second or third mapping sub-mode, the PRB occupied by the reference signal is located in the middle of the whole bandwidth occupied by the reference signal, and part of the PRB is left in both the high frequency part and the low frequency part of the whole bandwidth. In this way, interference due to band leakage between adjacent reference signals in the frequency domain can be avoided.

For the third sub-mode, the short reference symbols may also only continuously occupy a middle part of the PRBs within the bandwidth occupied by the reference signals, so that interference caused by frequency band leakage between adjacent reference signals in the frequency domain may also be avoided.

In order to reduce the overhead of the reference signal, in the third sub-mode of the first mapping mode, the reference signal includes at least one short reference symbol in at least three symbols occupied by one subframe.

Further, in the third sub-mode of the first mapping mode, in order to ensure the performance of the short reference symbols, it is necessary to ensure the length of the CP added to the short reference symbols, for example, the short reference symbols have a CP with the same length as the data symbols or the normal reference symbols, so as to avoid inter-symbol interference caused to the short reference symbols and influence the performance of the receiving device on channel estimation of the short reference symbols.

Taking the subframe with the normal CP in the current LTE system as an example, one subframe has 14 normal symbols in total, and after 2 normal reference symbols are changed into 4 short reference symbols, considering that the performance of the reference signal is not affected, the CP length of the short reference symbols needs to be ensured.

Assuming that the CP length of the short reference symbols is equal to the CP length of the data symbols, a length of 2 CPs needs to be added. Consider that in some wireless communication systems, such as D2D systems, the last symbol of a subframe is a null (GAP) symbol. The length of the above-mentioned added 2 CPs can be considered to be taken from the GAP symbols. In the above example of 4 short reference symbols, there may be 2 short reference symbols, 3 short reference symbols, 1 short reference symbol, and the like, and in this case, there may be a case where a partial length is extracted from the GAP symbol to supplement the duration occupied by the CP and/or the short reference symbol.

In summary, in the sub-mode three of the mapping mode one, when the last symbol of a subframe is a null symbol, all data symbols, symbols occupied by reference signals, and the null symbol in the subframe constitute the subframe, wherein the length of the null symbol is less than or equal to the length of one data symbol.

Therefore, the CP length of the short reference symbols is effectively ensured, and the performance of the short reference symbols is further ensured.

For example, the length of the data symbol is the length of any other symbol in a subframe except for the null symbol and the first symbol in each slot. Such as: for a 20MHz normal CP sub-frame, the length of this symbol is 4.7 microseconds plus the length of one symbol (66.67 microseconds for a 15kHz subcarrier). For another example: for a 20MHz extended CP sub-frame, the length of this symbol is 16.7 microseconds plus the length of one symbol (15kHz subcarrier corresponds to 66.67 microseconds). By adopting the mode, part of the length can be taken out from the GAP to be used for supplementing the CP length, so that the CP length of the short reference symbol is effectively ensured, and the performance of the short reference symbol is further ensured.

Further, in a sub-mode three of the mapping mode one, optionally, in each subframe in the time domain, the reference signal occupies Na symbols, the number of short reference symbols included in the Na symbols occupied is Nb, and the number of normal reference symbols included is Na-Nb; wherein Na and Nb are positive integers, and Nb is less than or equal to Na.

Optionally, as for the third mapping mode of the first mapping mode, the mapping mode of the reference signal in the frequency domain is not limited, and therefore, the short reference symbol may occupy continuous or discontinuous subcarriers in the frequency domain, and within a bandwidth occupied by the short reference symbol, the reference signal may occupy continuous or discontinuous multiple PRBs, may occupy all PRBs or a part of PRBs, and may occupy all subcarriers or a part of subcarriers in one PRB.

For a specific mapping manner of the sub-manner three in the mapping manner one, reference may be made to the following embodiment three.

No matter which of the first, second, and third sub-manners of the first mapping manner, if the reference signal does not occupy all the symbols in one subframe, the interval between the symbols occupied by the reference signal may satisfy the following condition to ensure that the reference signal is distributed as uniformly as possible in the time domain, so that the data sent by the sending device 501 may be distributed as uniformly as possible among the reference signals, and further, the receiving device 502 performs better results such as channel estimation based on the reference signals. :

first, assume that in a subframe in the time domain, a reference signal occupies three symbols

If the CP is normal CP, then

The interval between adjacent symbols occupied by the reference signal in one subframe is not more than 6 symbols and not less than 5 symbols;

if the CP is an extended CP, then

The reference signal occupies an interval between adjacent symbols in one subframe not greater than 5 symbols and not less than 4 symbols.

Second, assume that in a subframe in the time domain, a reference signal occupies four symbols

If the CP is normal CP, then

The interval between adjacent symbols occupied by the reference signal in one subframe is not more than 6 symbols and not less than 4 symbols;

if the CP is an extended CP, then

The reference signal occupies an interval between adjacent symbols in one subframe not more than 5 symbols and not less than 3 symbols.

Wherein the interval between adjacent symbols is equal to the difference between the numbers of adjacent symbols within one subframe. Taking fig. 1 as an example, the interval between the symbol numbered 0 and the symbol numbered 4 is 4. An alternative implementation of the reference signal occupying discontinuous subcarriers in the frequency domain can refer to the following second embodiment.

In the mapping manner, another optional implementation manner is: the time domain continuous frequency domain discrete mapping mode is that the reference signal occupies all non-null symbols in one subframe, and in each PRB on the frequency domain, the reference signal occupies a plurality of discontinuous subcarriers. In the current LTE system, taking DMRS as an example, in the frequency domain, on the bandwidth occupied by the DMRS, the DMRS occupies all subcarriers, and compared with the mapping method of the DMRS in the current LTE system, the time-domain continuous frequency-domain discrete method is equivalent to reducing the density of reference signals in the frequency domain, and supplementing the reference signals to the time domain, so as to meet the communication requirement of a high-speed and high-frequency scene, and meanwhile, compared with the current LTE system, the method can not increase the overhead of additional reference signals.

Optionally, for the mapping method one, for each subframe occupied by the reference signal in the time domain, the reference signal occupies a plurality of discontinuous subcarriers in each PRB occupied by the reference signal in the frequency domain, except for the mapping method two in which the short reference symbols occupy continuous subcarriers in the frequency domain and the mapping method one. By adopting the discontinuous mapping mode of the frequency domain, the expense of the reference signal can be reduced, and compared with the current LTE system, the communication requirement of a high-speed and high-frequency scene can be met under the condition of not additionally increasing the expense of the reference signal.

For the optional frequency-domain discontinuous mapping manner, optionally, for each subframe occupied by the reference signal in the time domain, each PRB occupied by the reference signal in the frequency domain occupies a plurality of equally spaced subcarriers. By adopting the optional mapping mode, the reference signals can be distributed as uniformly as possible in the frequency domain, and then the receiving device 502 can obtain the channel information in the frequency domain in a more uniform mode through the reference signals.

Optionally, for the mapping manner in which the frequency domain is discontinuous, for at least one symbol occupied by the reference signal, in each PRB in the frequency domain where the reference signal is located, data is not mapped or data to be transmitted is mapped on subcarriers not occupied by the reference signal. Under the condition of not mapping data, the subcarriers which are not occupied by the reference signal do not map any data, so that the transmission power of the reference signal can be increased and a time domain symbol with a repetitive characteristic in a time domain is generated; if the data to be transmitted is mapped, the efficiency of data transmission can be further improved.

When a reference signal is uniformly placed on every W subcarriers within the occupied bandwidth, wherein W is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the subcarriers without the reference signal are not mapped with any data, the signal can generate a continuous and repeated structure in the time domain after time-frequency transformation. If W is 2, the symbol length of the reference signal is unchanged, but appears in two identical copies one after the other within one symbol length.

For a specific implementation of the foregoing discontinuous mapping manner of frequency domain, reference may be made to the following third embodiment.

In the first mapping manner, the reference signal may occupy at least three symbols in each subframe in the time domain. In the following mapping manner two, the reference signal occupies the first symbol in one subframe.

Mapping method two

In the second mapping mode, the reference signal occupies the first symbol in one subframe. Similar to the first mapping method, the second mapping method also includes, but is not limited to, the following three main sub-methods:

sub-mode one

sub mode two

sub mode three

The difference between the second mapping scheme and the first mapping scheme is that the mapping scheme in the time domain is different, in the second mapping scheme, the reference signal in one subframe is mapped to only the first symbol, and in the first mapping scheme, the reference signal in one subframe is mapped to at least three symbols. Therefore, in the second mapping manner, the mapping manner in the frequency domain may refer to the description of the first mapping manner, and each sub-manner may refer to each corresponding sub-manner in the aforementioned mapping manner, which is not described herein again.

Optionally, in the second mapping mode, whether for the first sub-mode, the second sub-mode, or the third sub-mode, the reference signal occupies the first symbol of one subframe, so that the receiving device can adjust the quantization range and amplitude of the signal subjected to analog-to-digital conversion according to the reference signal. For a specific implementation that the reference signal occupies the first symbol of one subframe, refer to the fourth embodiment.

In the above, alternative implementations of reference signal sequence mapping are introduced. An alternative implementation of generating the reference signal sequence is described below.

The method for generating the reference signal sequence may not be limited to the aforementioned first mapping method and second mapping method, for example: when the reference signal occupies consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain, and the occupied symbol is a normal reference symbol, the following method of generating a reference signal sequence may also be employed.

Referring to fig. 5B and 5C, it is necessary to generate a reference signal sequence regardless of the transmitting apparatus 501 or the receiving apparatus 502. The receiving device 502 may know in advance the position of the time-frequency resource occupied by the reference signal sent by the sending device 501, the length of the generated reference signal sequence, and other information, so that the receiving device 502 can obtain the reference signal from the received signal and further perform signal processing on the reference signal. Optionally, information such as the position of the time-frequency resource occupied by the reference signal, the length of the generated reference signal sequence, and the like may be specified by a protocol, or may be signaled to the receiving device 502 before signal transmission.

In the following description, it is to be understood that,

a first sequence: the first sequence is a sequence directly mapped to a subcarrier in a subframe where a reference signal is located, the first sequence corresponds to a sequence on a certain symbol in a reference signal sequence, and when the reference signal is a DMRS, the first sequence can be referred to as a demodulation reference signal sequence on the certain symbol;

a second sequence: a sequence used to generate a first sequence;

a third sequence: the sequence used to generate the first sequence.

Optionally, for each symbol occupied by the reference signal in one subframe, the sending device 501 generates a first sequence, where the length of the first sequence is equal to the number of subcarriers occupied by the reference signal on the symbol; and mapping each generated symbol in the first sequence to each subcarrier occupied by the reference signal on the symbol, wherein one symbol corresponds to one subcarrier.

Optionally, for each predicted symbol occupied by the reference signal in one subframe, the receiving device 502 generates a first sequence, where the length of the first sequence is equal to the number of subcarriers occupied by the predicted reference signal on the symbol, where each symbol in the generated first sequence corresponds to each subcarrier occupied by the reference signal on the symbol, and one symbol corresponds to one subcarrier, and the corresponding manner is consistent with the manner in which the transmitting device 501 maps the symbol onto the subcarrier.

If the reference signal occupies a plurality of symbols in one subframe, optionally, for different symbols occupied by the reference signal in one subframe, the first sequences used by the sending device 501 and the receiving device 502 to generate the reference signal are the same or different. Wherein, optionally, the first sequence may be generated by a perfect sequence, the perfect sequence comprising a ZC or GCL sequence, or a sequence set satisfying any of the foregoing

equations

1 and 2; or

Optionally, the first sequence may be generated from a second sequence and a third sequence, wherein:

for the ith symbol occupied by the reference signal in one subframe, the first sequence

{S_i，1，S_i，2，...，S_i，N}＝{R_iZ_i，1，R_iZ_i，2，...，R_iZ_i，N} (formula 3)

Wherein, N is the length of the first sequence and is a positive integer; { Z_i，1，Z_i，2，...，Z_i，NThe length of the second sequence is N; { R₁，R₂，...，R_MAnd M is the number of symbols occupied by the reference signal in one subframe and is a positive integer. The essence of the above operation is: each symbol of the first sequence on the symbol i, which generates the reference signal, is generated by a corresponding multiplication of each symbol of the second sequence with a symbol i of the third sequence. Wherein the second sequence on each reference signal symbol may be the same or different.

Optionally, another implementation manner of generating the first sequence from the second sequence and the third sequence is as follows:

{S_i，1，S_i，2，...，S_i，N}＝{Z_i，1/R_i，Z_i，2/R_i，...，Z_i，N/R_i} (equation 4)

The operational symbol "/" denotes arithmetic division.

{S_i，1，S_i，2，...，S_i，N}＝{Z_i，1(R_i)^*，Z_i，2(R_i)^*，...，Z_i，N(R_i)^*} (equation 5)

Operation (R)_i)^*Represents R_iTaking complex conjugate operation.

{S_i，1，S_i，2，...，S_i，N}＝{f(Z_i，1，R_i)，f(Z_i，2，R_i)，...，f(Z_i，N，R_i)}

(formula 6)

Wherein f (Z)_i，k，R_i) Representing Z by a predefined function f (,)_i，kAnd R_iAn operation is performed, where k is a positive integer from 1 to N. f (,) may be any of the above formulas, but may also be other predefined formulas, such as: f (Z)_i，k，R_i)＝mod(AZ_i，kR_i+ B, D), where A, C, D are constants and mod (x, D) represents the remainder of the number x over D.

As shown in fig. 7A, the reference signal occupies 4 symbols in one subframe, i.e. M has a value of 4, the bandwidth occupies 2 PRBs in the frequency domain, and each 2 subcarriers has one reference signal subcarrier, so that the length of the first sequence is 12, i.e. N has a value of 12. Fig. 7B to 8E are of the type except that the bandwidth of the reference signal becomes 1 PRB, the value of N is 6, and the value of M is still 4. In fig. 10, the interval of the subcarriers of the short symbols of the reference signal is 2 times the interval of the data subcarriers, there are 12 data subcarriers in the frequency domain direction in one PRB, and thus the value of N is still 6. In fig. 13, in the frequency domain direction, the bandwidth of the reference signal is 3PRB, and there are 2 subcarriers of the reference signal in each PRB. Thus, in the frequency domain direction, the corresponding value of N is 6. Reference signals are mapped on all symbols on the same subcarrier in the time domain direction of one subframe, and the value corresponding to M is the number of symbols of a data subcarrier in one subframe, such as 14 (extended CP) or 12 (normal CP). When the first symbol is an AGC symbol and/or the last symbol is a GAP symbol, the value of M is decreased by 1 or 2 accordingly.

Wherein the second sequence may be generated by a perfect sequence, wherein the perfect sequence may be a ZC or GCL sequence, and the third sequence may be generated by a pseudo-random sequence; or

The second sequence and the third sequence may both be generated from perfect sequences, which may be: ZC or GCL sequences, or a sequence set that satisfies any of the foregoing

equations

1 and 2; or

The second sequence is generated by a pseudo-random sequence, and the third sequence is generated by a ZC sequence; or

The second sequence and the third sequence may each be generated by a pseudo-random sequence.

Alternatively, the second sequence is generated by a ZC sequence, where the Peak to average Power Ratio (PAPR) of the generated reference signal is smaller, and the channel estimation performance in the time domain is better.

Alternatively, if the reference signal occupies subcarriers of the same frequency domain position on different symbols of one subframe, then

The transmitting device 501 may generate the first sequence as follows: generating a first sequence, wherein the length of the first sequence is equal to the number of symbols occupied by a reference signal on a subframe; and mapping the first sequence to the time frequency resource occupied by the reference signal by adopting the following mode: mapping each generated code element in the first sequence to each symbol occupied by the reference signal on a subframe respectively, wherein one code element corresponds to one symbol; in one subframe, for different subcarriers occupied by the reference signals, first sequences used for generating the reference signals are the same or different;

correspondingly, the receiving device 502 may generate the first sequence as follows: the length of the first sequence is equal to the number of symbols occupied by the reference signal on one subframe; and when the received reference signal is subjected to data processing, determining the corresponding relation between the code elements of the first sequence and the time-frequency resources occupied by the reference signal by adopting the following mode: each symbol in the first sequence corresponds to each symbol occupied by the predicted reference signal on one subframe, wherein one symbol corresponds to one symbol; wherein, in the one subframe, the first sequences used for performing the signal processing on the received reference signals are the same or different for different subcarriers occupied by the reference signals.

Methods for generating the second and third sequences include, but are not limited to, the following:

generating a perfect sequence directly according to the length of the second sequence and/or the third sequence, or;

generating a perfect sequence according to a predefined length, and then transforming to the length of the second sequence and/or the third sequence according to the perfect sequence. In a typical method, the length of the second sequence and/or the third sequence is N, and the length of the perfect sequence is Mp, then the second sequence and/or the third sequence with length L is extracted by circularly shifting the original perfect sequence. E.g., r ═ x (N mod mp), 0 ≦ N < N, where x represents the perfect sequence and r represents the second and/or third sequence.

Further, optionally, the second sequence and/or the third sequence may also be generated after performing operations such as cyclic shift of a root sequence, transformation of the root sequence, and the like based on the perfect sequence, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

The first embodiment of the present invention is introduced above, and the transmission scheme of the reference signal in the second to sixth embodiments of the present invention is illustrated below, where DMRS is used as an example in the second embodiment, the third embodiment, the fifth embodiment, and the sixth embodiment, and other reference signals are the same and are not described again; in the fourth embodiment, reference signals used in AGC and other processes are taken as examples, and other reference signals are the same and are not described again.

[ example two ]

In the second embodiment, the DMRS is mapped discontinuously at equal intervals in the occupied bandwidth, where the occupied bandwidth of the DMRS is equal to the occupied bandwidth of discontinuous subcarriers in the frequency domain, and optionally, the occupied bandwidth of the DMRS is the same as the occupied bandwidth of data to be transmitted; DMRS occupies more than 2 symbols in the time domain, and preferably 3 or 4 in consideration of the trade-off between overhead and performance.

Fig. 7A shows a mapping manner of DMRS in the second embodiment. The blank part indicates Resource Elements (REs) occupied by data to be transmitted, and the lattice part indicates REs occupied by the DMRS. Wherein, REs occupied by the DMRS are placed at equal intervals in the frequency domain. In addition, the minimum frequency domain resource occupied by the data to be transmitted may be 1 or 2 PRB pairs, which is not limited herein. If the minimum frequency-domain resource allocation unit is 1 PRB, corresponding to the mapping manner in fig. 7A, the length of the reference signal sequence in one PRB is 6, and the length of the entire reference signal sequence should be an integer multiple of 6. If the minimum frequency-domain resource allocation unit is 2 PRBs corresponding to the mapping manner in fig. 7A, the length of the reference signal sequence in one PRB is 12, and the length of the entire reference signal sequence should be an integer multiple of 12.

Fig. 7B to 7E illustrate alternative mapping schemes other than the mapping scheme shown in fig. 7A, taking the size of one PRB as an example.

In addition to the mapping manners of fig. 7A to 7E, it is also possible to empty REs that are not used by DMRSs in a time domain symbol in which part or all of DMRSs are located, and not to fill in data. One specific embodiment is shown in fig. 8A to 8E. Wherein, the hatched RE is the vacant RE.

In the second embodiment, the positions of the symbols occupied by the DMRS in one subframe may be implemented in various optional manners, which is described by taking 3 symbols and 4 symbols occupied by the DMRS in one subframe as an example, and an optional principle of a manner of mapping the DMRS in the time domain is as follows: the mapping is as uniform as possible to the 1ms sub-frame, so that the performance of the time domain can be optimized.

Specific selectable mapping modes can be seen in fig. 9A to 9D, respectively, where the superimposed and underlined symbols are symbols occupied by the DMRS, the slashed portion is a vacant symbol, i.e., GAP, other symbols are symbols occupied by data to be transmitted in the subframe, and each row in the diagram represents a time domain mapping mode.

Fig. 9A shows four possible time domain mapping manners when DMRS occupies 4 symbols in a 1ms subframe (2 slots) under a normal CP; satisfies the following conditions: the reference signal occupies an interval between adjacent symbols in one subframe not greater than 6 symbols and not less than 4 symbols. Specifically, the position of the DMRS has the following options:

symbol 0 and symbol 3 in the first slot in the subframe, and symbol 0 and symbol 3 in the second slot in the subframe; or

Symbol 0 and symbol 3 in the first slot in the subframe, and symbol 0 and symbol 4 in the second slot in the subframe; or

Symbol 0 and symbol 3 in the first slot in the subframe, and symbol 1 and symbol 5 in the second slot in the subframe; or

Symbol 0 and symbol 4 in the first slot in the subframe, and symbol 1 and symbol 5 in the second slot in the subframe; or

Symbols

1 and 4 in the first slot in the subframe, and

symbols

1 and 4 in the second slot in the subframe.

Fig. 9B shows three possible time domain mapping manners when DMRS occupies three symbols in a 1ms subframe (in 2 slots) under normal CP; satisfies the following conditions: the reference signal occupies an interval between adjacent symbols in one subframe not greater than 6 symbols and not less than 5 symbols. Specifically, the position of the DMRS has the following optional modes:

symbol 0 and symbol 5 in the first slot in the subframe, and symbol 3 in the second slot in the subframe; or

Symbol 1 and symbol 6 in the first slot in the subframe, and symbol 4 in the second slot in the subframe; or

Symbols

0 and 6 in the first slot in the subframe, and symbol 5 in the second slot in the subframe.

Alternatively, when the DMRS occupies three symbols in one subframe, at least one symbol may be mapped in a non-continuous manner in the frequency domain, and other symbols may be mapped in a continuous manner in the frequency domain. Such as: the first symbol occupied by the DMRS in one subframe is mapped in a discontinuous manner in the frequency domain, and subcarriers not occupied by the DMRS are left empty in the symbol without filling data.

Fig. 9C shows three possible time domain mapping manners when DMRS occupies four symbols in a 1ms subframe (in 2 slots) under the extended CP. The difference between the extended CP subframe and the normal CP subframe is that the length of the subframe is still 1ms but the total number of symbols is changed into 6 symbols in each time slot, and the following requirements are met: the reference signal occupies an interval between adjacent symbols in one subframe not more than 5 symbols and not less than 3 symbols. Specifically, the position of the DMRS has the following optional modes:

Symbol 1 and symbol 4 in the first slot in the subframe, and symbol 1 and symbol 4 in the second slot in the subframe; or

Symbols

0 and 3 in the first slot in the subframe, and

symbols

1 and 4 in the second slot in the subframe.

Fig. 9D shows four possible time domain mapping manners when the DMRS occupies three symbols in a 1ms subframe (in 2 slots) under the extended CP, which satisfy: the reference signal occupies an interval between adjacent symbols in one subframe not greater than 5 symbols and not less than 4 symbols. Specifically, the position of the DMRS has the following optional modes:

symbol 0 and symbol 5 in the first slot in the subframe, and symbol 4 in the second slot in the subframe; or

Symbol 1 and symbol 5 in the first slot in the subframe, and symbol 3 in the second slot in the subframe; or

Symbol 0 and symbol 4 in the first slot in the subframe, and symbol 2 in the second slot in the subframe; or

Symbol 2 in the first slot in the subframe and symbol 0 and symbol 4 in the second slot in the subframe.

In the second embodiment, when the number of symbols occupied by the DMRS in one subframe is extended to 4, the overhead of the DMRS is the same as that of the current LTE system, that is, no additional system overhead is added, or the overhead is the same as that of the current LTE system, or slightly higher than that of the current LTE system, but the time domain density of the DMRS is increased, so that the support capability in a high-speed and high-frequency mobile environment is improved.

When the number of symbols occupied by the DMRS is extended to 3, the overhead of the DMRS may be the same as or slightly higher than that of the current LTE system.

By adopting the second embodiment, the sending mode of the DMRS is formed by combining the mapping modes of the DMRS on the frequency domain and the time domain, and the balance between the improvement of the demodulation performance and the overhead control can be realized.

[ EXAMPLE III ]

In the third embodiment, the reference signal occupies the short reference symbol, when the reference signal is the DMRS, the short reference symbol occupied by the reference signal is the short DMRS symbol, and the normal reference symbol occupied by the reference signal is the normal DMRS symbol.

Referring to fig. 10, the third embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that, of the symbols occupied by the DMRS in the frequency domain, some of the symbols are short DMRS symbols, and other symbols are normal DMRS symbols. The length of the short DMRS symbol in the time domain is smaller than that of the data symbol, and the length of the normal DMRS symbol in the time domain is equal to that of the data symbol. In fig. 10, the interval of subcarriers of short DMRS symbols is 2 times the interval of subcarriers of data symbols. Alternatively, if the density of DMRS is to be further increased and the overhead of DMRS is to be limited, the interval of DMRS may be K times that of data subcarriers, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, such as: 2. 3, 4, etc.

According to the mutual corresponding relation between time frequencies, when the interval of the sub-carrier wave is doubled, the length of the symbol in time is changed to be half of the original length.

Take the example that DMRS occupies 4 symbols in one subframe, wherein, optionally,

the 4 symbols are all short DMRS symbols; or

2 symbols are short DMRS symbols and 2 symbols are normal DMRS symbols.

Take the example that DMRS occupies 3 symbols in one subframe, wherein, optionally,

1 symbol is a short DMRS symbol, and 2 symbols are normal DMRS symbols; or

2 symbols are short DMRS symbols, and 1 symbol is a normal DMRS symbol;

the relationship between the number of the short DMRS symbols and the number of the normal DMRS symbols satisfies the following conditions: in each subframe in a time domain, the DMRS signal occupies Na symbols, the number of short DMRS symbols included in the occupied Na symbols is Nb, and the number of normal DMRS symbols included in the Na symbols is Na-Nb; wherein Na and Nb are positive integers, and Nb is less than or equal to Na.

In the following, an example of 4 symbols occupied by the DMRS in one subframe, which are all short DMRS symbols, is taken to describe an optional mapping manner of the DMRS in the time domain. Fig. 11A shows five possible implementations of four DMRS symbol time-domain positions under a normal CP; fig. 11B shows five possible implementations of four DMRS symbol time-domain positions under extended CP.

The emphasized and underlined symbols are short DMRS symbols occupied by the DMRS, the slashed portion is a vacant symbol, that is, a GAP, other symbols are symbols occupied by data to be transmitted in the subframe, and each row in the drawing represents a mapping manner of different reference symbols in one subframe on a time domain.

Taking the mapping manner shown in fig. 11A as an example, in the original normal CP subframe, there are 14 normal symbols in total, and after adding 4 shortened DMRSs, it is equivalent to change 2 normal symbols therein into 4 short DMRS symbols, and considering that the performance of the DMRSs is not affected, the CP length of the short DMRS symbols needs to be ensured. If the CP length of the short DMRS symbol is the same as the CP length of the data symbol, it is equivalent to the length of 2 DMRS CPs that need to be added, and the samples required by this CP length can be taken from the last symbol used as the GAP. At this time, the number of symbols in one sub-frame is also changed from 14 to 16.

For the normal CP, the 20MHz system bandwidth is taken as an example, and the short DMRS symbols are numbered 1, 5, 1, and 5. The length of the normal CP required by each of the symbols with the

sequence numbers

1, 5, 1, and 5 is 144 sampling points, and the sampling points required by the short DMRS symbol are 1024, so that 4 short DMRS symbols and CPs have 2 sampling points corresponding to the length of the normal CP, that is, 288 sampling points, which are still missing from the original normal DMRS symbols and CPs. These 288 samples can be borrowed from GAP, that is, the number of samples occupied by the new GAP is (144+ 2048-.

If the symbol with sequence number 0 is a short DMRS symbol, the number of samples occupied by the GAP needs to be further reduced since the CP length of the symbol with sequence number 0 is 160.

For the extended CP, the 20MHz system bandwidth is taken as an example, and the short DMRS symbols are numbered 1, 4, 1, and 4. The length of the extended CP of each sequence number of symbols with

sequence numbers

1, 4, 1, and 4 is 512 sample points, and there are 2 sample points corresponding to the length of the extended CP, that is, 1024. The 1024 samples can be borrowed from the GAP, that is, the number of samples occupied by the new GAP is (512+2048-1024) ═ 1536, and the time length occupied by the GAP is about 50 us.

Similarly, if the DMRS occupies 4 symbols in one subframe, where 2 are short DMRS symbols and 2 are normal DMRS symbols, the 2 short DMRS symbols correspond to 1 normal data symbol, and at this time, the length of one CP needs to be borrowed from the GAP.

For the normal CP, there are (14-1-2-1) ═ 10 data symbols in one 1ms subframe, and there are also 2 normal DMRS symbols and 2 shortened DMRS symbols;

for extended CP, there are (12-1-2-1) ═ 8 data symbols in one 1ms subframe, along with 2 normal DMRS symbols and 2 shortened DMRS symbols.

If the DMRS occupies 3 symbols in one subframe, wherein 1 is a short DMRS symbol and 2 is a normal DMRS symbol, both the short DMRS symbol and the CP length may be borrowed from the last symbol GAP, and the number of data symbols is not reduced at this time.

If DMRS occupies 3 symbols in one subframe, where 2 are short DMRS symbols and 1 is normal short DMRS symbol, where 2 short DMRS symbols correspond to 1 normal data symbol, the length of one CP length needs to be borrowed from the last symbol GAP, and the number of data symbols is not reduced at this time.

Embodiment three provides another scheme to increase the density of DMRS in the time domain with no or little increase in system overhead. The technical effect is the same as the embodiment. In addition, in order to further reduce the overhead, a method of borrowing sampling points from GAPs may be adopted.

[ EXAMPLE IV ]

The fourth embodiment provides a transmission scheme of a reference signal, which can be used for AGC and other processes, and the reference signal can be a part of DMRS or independent of DMRS.

Referring to fig. 12A and 12B, in fig. 12A, a reference signal is taken out from a GAP of the second slot, i.e., slot 1; in fig. 12B, from the perspective of the entire subframe, the GAP is a GAP of the entire subframe, and is not limited to a GAP of the second slot.

Alternatively, the reference signal for AGC is placed on the first symbol of the subframe.

Alternatively, the mapping manner in the frequency domain may refer to the mapping manner in the second embodiment, and may be discontinuously mapped at equal intervals on the bandwidth occupied by the reference signal. Such as: one symbol in the reference signal sequence is placed every M subcarriers, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

Alternatively, the spacing of the subcarriers of the reference signal may be K times the spacing of the subcarriers of the data symbols, i.e. the reference signal is a short reference signal. Alternatively, the sampling points in the time domain occupied by the short reference signal may be obtained from the GAP.

By adopting the fourth embodiment, the support for the AGC can be realized, and the support for the AGC can be realized. The method improves the demodulation performance of burst data in a high-speed scene, and does not increase the system overhead.

[ EXAMPLE V ]

In the second and third embodiments, the DMRS may be regarded as mapped in a Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) manner, and in the fifth embodiment, referring to fig. 13, the DMRS is mapped in a Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) manner, where a portion with a grid is a Time-frequency resource occupied by the DMRS.

In the fourth embodiment, the DMRS is mapped continuously on all symbols in one subframe, i.e., each symbol in one subframe maps the DMRS continuously on a certain frequency domain subcarrier.

In each PRB pair, the DMRS occupies P subcarriers, as shown in fig. 13, 3PRB pairs are longitudinally included, and each PRB pair occupies 2 subcarriers, that is, M is 2.

The interval between P subcarriers may preferably be S-12/P, and if M-P, S-6. Other values of P can be 3, 4, etc.

[ EXAMPLE six ]

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a first reference signal transmitting apparatus according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 14, the apparatus includes:

a processing unit 1401 for generating a reference signal;

a sending unit 1402, configured to send out the reference signal generated by the processing unit 1401;

in a subframe in a time domain, a reference signal occupies at least three symbols;

in a frequency domain, in each physical resource block PRB occupied by a reference signal, the reference signal occupies a plurality of discontinuous subcarriers, and in a time domain, the length of one symbol occupied by the reference signal is equal to the length of one data symbol; or

In the apparatus, the processing unit 1401 may be implemented by a processor, and the transmitting unit 1402 may be implemented by a transmitter.

In the apparatus, the generation and transmission process of the reference signal may refer to fig. 5B and the related description in the first embodiment.

In the apparatus, the mapping method of the reference signal sequence may refer to "mapping method one" in the first embodiment, for example:

optionally, the spacing of the subcarriers occupied by the short reference symbols in the frequency domain is K times the spacing of the subcarriers occupied by the data symbols in the frequency domain, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

Optionally, the last symbol of a subframe is a null symbol, and all data symbols, symbols occupied by a reference signal, and the null symbol in a subframe constitute a subframe, where the length of the null symbol is less than or equal to the length of one data symbol.

Optionally, in a subframe in the time domain, the reference signal occupies Na symbols, the number of short reference symbols included in the Na symbols occupied is Nb, and the number of normal reference symbols included is Na-Nb;

the interval of the subcarriers occupied by the normal reference symbols on the frequency domain is equal to the interval of the subcarriers occupied by the data symbols on the frequency domain; na and Nb are positive integers, and Nb is less than or equal to Na.

Alternatively, the short reference symbols occupy contiguous subcarriers in the frequency domain.

Optionally, in one subframe in the time domain, the reference signal occupies three symbols; if the CP is a normal CP, the interval between adjacent symbols occupied by the reference signal in one subframe is not more than 6 symbols and not less than 5 symbols; if the CP is an extended CP, the interval between adjacent symbols occupied by the reference signal in one subframe is not more than 5 symbols and not less than 4 symbols; or

In a subframe in the time domain, a reference signal occupies four symbols; if the CP is a normal CP, the interval between adjacent symbols occupied by the reference signal in one subframe is not more than 6 symbols and not less than 4 symbols; if the CP is an extended CP, an interval between adjacent symbols occupied by the reference signal in one subframe is not more than 5 symbols and not less than 3 symbols.

Optionally, the reference signal occupies all non-null symbols in one subframe, and the number of all non-null symbols in one subframe is greater than or equal to 3;

for each PRB occupied by each reference signal in the frequency domain, the reference signal occupies a discontinuous plurality of subcarriers.

Optionally, the reference signal occupies a plurality of discontinuous subcarriers in each physical resource block PRB occupied in the frequency domain.

Optionally, the reference signal occupies a plurality of equally spaced subcarriers in each PRB occupied in the frequency domain.

Optionally, in each PRB in the frequency domain where the reference signal is located, data is not mapped or data to be transmitted is mapped on subcarriers not occupied by the reference signal.

In this apparatus, the generation manner of the reference signal sequence generated by the processing unit 1401 may refer to various alternative manners of generating the reference sequence described in the first embodiment, such as:

optionally, the processing unit 1401 is specifically configured to: for each of the symbols occupied by the reference signal,

mapping each generated code element in the first sequence to each subcarrier occupied by the reference signal on the code element respectively, wherein one code element corresponds to one subcarrier;

in one subframe, the first sequences used for generating the reference signals are the same or different for different symbols occupied by the reference signals.

Optionally, the first sequence is generated by a ZC sequence; or

The first sequence is generated by a second sequence and a third sequence, and the second sequence is { Z₁，Z₂，...，Z_NThe length of the second sequence is equal to that of the first sequence, and the length of the second sequence is N, wherein N is a positive integer; the third sequence is { R₁，R₂，...，R_MAnd the length of the third sequence is M, where M is the number of symbols occupied by the reference signal in one subframe and is a positive integer.

Optionally, the second sequence is generated by a ZC sequence and the third sequence is generated by a pseudo-random sequence; or

The second sequence and the third sequence are both generated by ZC sequences.

Optionally, the reference signal occupies subcarriers of the same frequency domain position on different symbols of one subframe, and the processing unit is specifically configured to:

generating a first sequence, wherein the length of the first sequence is equal to the number of symbols occupied by a reference signal on a subframe;

mapping each generated code element in the first sequence to each symbol occupied by the reference signal on a subframe respectively, wherein one code element corresponds to one symbol;

in one subframe, for different subcarriers occupied by the reference signals, the first sequences used for generating the reference signals are the same or different.

Other optional implementations of the apparatus may refer to the sending device 501 for the reference signal in the first embodiment, and repeated details are not repeated.

In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a reference signal transmitting apparatus, including the reference signal transmitting apparatus provided in the sixth embodiment.

[ EXAMPLE VII ]

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for sending a second reference signal according to a seventh embodiment, as shown in fig. 15, the apparatus includes:

a processor 1501 for generating a reference signal;

a transmitter 1502 for transmitting the reference signal generated by the processor 1501;

In this apparatus, the mapping method of the reference signal sequence may refer to "mapping method one" in the first embodiment.

In this apparatus, the processor 1501 may generate the reference signal sequence in various alternative ways to generate the reference sequence described in the first embodiment.

Other optional implementations of the apparatus may refer to the sending device 501 for the reference signal in the first embodiment, and repeated details are not repeated. Alternatively, the processor 1501 may be implemented by referring to the processing unit 1401, and the transmitter 1502 may be implemented by referring to the sending unit 1402.

In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a reference signal transmitting apparatus, including the reference signal transmitting apparatus provided in the seventh embodiment.

[ example eight ]

Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a reference signal receiving apparatus according to an eighth embodiment, as shown in fig. 16, the apparatus includes:

a receiving unit 1601 configured to receive a reference signal;

a processing unit 1602, configured to perform signal processing on the reference signal received by the receiving unit 1601;

In this apparatus, the processing unit 1602 may be implemented by a processor, and the receiving unit 1601 may be implemented by a receiver.

In the apparatus, the reference signal receiving and signal processing process may refer to fig. 5C and the related description in the first embodiment.

In this apparatus, the processing unit 1601 may generate the reference signal sequence in various alternative ways for generating the reference sequence described in the first embodiment, such as:

optionally, the processing unit 1602 is further configured to: before signal processing is performed on the reference signal received by the receiving unit 1601, for each predicted symbol occupied by the reference signal in one subframe, a first sequence is generated, where the length of the first sequence is equal to the number of subcarriers occupied by the predicted reference signal on the symbol;

the processing unit 1602 is specifically configured to: performing signal processing on the received reference signal according to the generated first sequence;

in one subframe, for different symbols occupied by the reference signal, the first sequences used for signal processing of the reference signal received by the receiving unit 1601 are the same or different.

Optionally, the first sequence is generated by a ZC sequence; or

The second sequence and the third sequence are both generated by ZC sequences.

Optionally, the reference signal occupies predicted subcarriers at the same frequency domain position on different symbols of one subframe;

each symbol in the first sequence corresponds to each symbol occupied by the predicted reference signal on one subframe, wherein one symbol corresponds to one symbol;

in one subframe, for different subcarriers occupied by the reference signal, the first sequences used for signal processing of the received reference signal are the same or different.

Other optional implementations of the apparatus may refer to the receiving device 502 for the reference signal in the first embodiment, and repeated details are not repeated.

In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a reference signal receiving apparatus, including the reference signal receiving apparatus provided in the eighth embodiment.

[ EXAMPLE ninth ]

Fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a second reference signal receiving apparatus according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 17, the apparatus includes:

a receiver 1701 for receiving a reference signal;

a processor 1702 configured to perform signal processing on the reference signal received by the receiver 1701;

In this apparatus, the processor 1701 may generate the reference signal sequence in various alternative ways to generate the reference sequence described in the first embodiment.

In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a reference signal receiving apparatus, including the reference signal receiving apparatus provided in the ninth embodiment.

[ EXAMPLE eleven ]

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a reference signal transmitting apparatus according to a tenth embodiment, and as shown in fig. 18, the apparatus includes:

a processing unit 1801, configured to generate a reference signal;

a sending unit 1802, configured to send the reference signal generated by the processing unit 1801;

in the time domain, the reference signal only occupies the first symbol of one subframe;

In a frequency domain, the reference signal occupies all subcarriers in a continuous part of PRB within a bandwidth occupied by the reference signal, and in a time domain, the length of one symbol occupied by the reference signal is equal to the length of one data symbol; or

The symbols occupied by the reference signal are short reference symbols, and the length of the short reference symbols is smaller than the length of one data symbol.

In this apparatus, the processing unit 1801 may be implemented by a processor, and the transmitting unit 1802 may be implemented by a transmitter.

In this apparatus, the mapping method of the reference signal sequence may refer to "mapping method two" in the first embodiment, for example:

optionally, if the reference signal occupies a plurality of discontinuous subcarriers in each physical resource block PRB occupied by the reference signal in the frequency domain, the method further includes determining that the reference signal occupies a plurality of discontinuous subcarriers in each physical resource block PRB occupied by the reference signal

Optionally, the last symbol of one subframe is a null symbol;

all data symbols, symbols occupied by reference signals and null symbols in a subframe form a subframe; the sum of the length of the symbol occupied by the reference signal and the length of the null symbol is equal to the length of one data symbol.

In this apparatus, the generation manner of the reference signal sequence generated by the processing unit 1801 may refer to various optional manners of generating the reference sequence described in the first embodiment.

In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a reference signal transmitting apparatus, including the reference signal transmitting apparatus provided in the tenth embodiment.

[ example eleven ]

Fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth reference signal transmitting apparatus according to an eleventh embodiment. As shown in fig. 19, the apparatus includes:

a processor 1901 for generating a reference signal;

a transmitter 1902 for transmitting the reference signal generated by the processor 1901;

In this apparatus, the mapping method of the reference signal sequence may refer to "mapping method two" in the first embodiment.

In this apparatus, the processor 1901 may generate the reference signal sequence in the various alternative ways of generating the reference sequence described in the first embodiment.

In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a reference signal transmitting apparatus, including the reference signal transmitting apparatus provided in the eleventh embodiment.

[ EXAMPLE twelfth ]

Fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a third reference signal receiving apparatus according to a twelfth embodiment, as shown in fig. 20, the apparatus includes:

a receiving unit 2001 for receiving a reference signal;

a processing unit 2002 for performing signal processing on the reference signal received by the receiving unit 2001;

In this apparatus, the processing unit 2002 may be implemented by a processor, and the receiving unit 2001 may be implemented by a receiver.

Optionally, the last symbol of one subframe is a null symbol;

In this apparatus, the processing unit 2002 may generate the reference signal sequence in various alternative ways to generate the reference sequence described in the first embodiment.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a reference signal receiving device, which comprises the reference signal receiving device provided by the twelfth embodiment.

[ EXAMPLE thirteen ]

Fig. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth reference signal receiving apparatus according to a twelfth embodiment, and as shown in fig. 21, the apparatus includes:

a receiver 2101 for receiving a reference signal;

a processor 2102 configured to perform signal processing on the reference signal received by the receiver 2101;

Optionally, the last symbol of one subframe is a null symbol;

In this apparatus, the processor 2102 may generate the reference signal sequence in various alternative ways to generate the reference sequence described in the first embodiment.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a reference signal receiving device, which comprises the reference signal receiving device provided by the thirteenth embodiment.

[ example fourteen ]

Fig. 22 is a flowchart of a first method for sending a reference signal according to a fourteenth embodiment. As shown in fig. 22, the method includes the steps of:

s2201: generating a reference signal;

s2202: sending out the generated reference signal;

In this method, the generation and transmission process of the reference signal may refer to fig. 5B and the related description in the first embodiment.

In this method, the mapping method of the reference signal sequence may refer to "mapping method one" in the first embodiment, for example:

In this method, the generation manner of the reference signal sequence may refer to various alternative manners of generating the reference sequence described in the first embodiment, such as:

optionally, generating the reference signal comprises: for each of the symbols occupied by the reference signal,

Optionally, the first sequence is generated by a ZC sequence; or

The second sequence and the third sequence are both generated by ZC sequences.

Optionally, the reference signal occupies subcarriers of the same frequency domain position on different symbols of one subframe, and generating the reference signal includes:

Other optional implementations of the method may refer to the processing of the sending device 501 for the reference signal in the first embodiment, and repeated details are not repeated.

[ example fifteen ]

Fig. 23 is a flowchart of a first reference signal receiving method according to a fifteenth embodiment, as shown in fig. 23, the method includes the following steps:

s2301: receiving a reference signal;

s2302: processing the received reference signal;

In this method, the receiving of the reference signal and the signal processing process may refer to fig. 5C and the related description in the first embodiment.

optionally, before performing signal processing on the received reference signal, the method further includes:

generating a first sequence for each predicted symbol occupied by the reference signal in a subframe, wherein the length of the first sequence is equal to the number of subcarriers occupied by the predicted reference signal on the symbol;

performing signal processing on the received reference signal according to the generated first sequence;

in one subframe, for different symbols occupied by the reference signal, first sequences used for signal processing of the received reference signal are the same or different.

Optionally, the first sequence is generated by a ZC sequence; or

The second sequence and the third sequence are both generated by ZC sequences.

Other optional implementations of the method may refer to the processing of the receiving device 502 for the reference signal in the first embodiment, and repeated details are not repeated.

[ example sixteen ] to

Fig. 24 is a flowchart of a second method for sending reference signals according to a sixteenth embodiment. As shown in fig. 24, the method includes the steps of:

s2401: generating a reference signal;

s2402: sending out the generated reference signal;

In this method, the mapping method of the reference signal sequence may refer to "mapping method two" in the first embodiment, for example:

Optionally, the last symbol of one subframe is a null symbol;

In this method, the generation manner of the reference signal sequence may refer to various alternative manners of generating the reference sequence described in the first embodiment.

Other optional implementations of the method may refer to the sending device 501 for the reference signal in the first embodiment, and repeated details are not repeated.

[ example seventeen ]

Fig. 25 is a flowchart of a second reference signal receiving method according to a seventeenth embodiment. As shown in fig. 25, the method includes the steps of:

s2501: receiving a reference signal;

s2502: performing signal processing on the received reference signal;

Optionally, the last symbol of one subframe is a null symbol;

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the embodiments of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to encompass such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A reference signal transmission apparatus, comprising:

a processing unit for generating a reference signal;

the at least three symbols occupied by the reference signal include at least one short reference symbol, the length of the short reference symbol is smaller than that of one data symbol, the interval of subcarriers occupied by the short reference symbol on the frequency domain is K times the interval of subcarriers occupied by the data symbol on the frequency domain, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a last symbol of the one subframe is a null symbol, all data symbols in the one subframe, symbols occupied by the reference signal, and the null symbol constitute the one subframe, and wherein a length of the null symbol is less than or equal to a length of one data symbol.

3. The apparatus of claim 1,

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the short reference symbols occupy contiguous subcarriers in a frequency domain.

5. The apparatus of claim 1,

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reference signal occupies all non-null symbols in the one subframe, the number of all non-null symbols in the one subframe being greater than or equal to 3;

7. The apparatus of claim 1,

8. The apparatus of claim 7,

9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein no data or data to be transmitted is mapped on subcarriers not occupied by the reference signal in each PRB in the frequency domain in which the reference signal is located.

10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said processing unit is specifically configured to: for each of the symbols occupied by the reference signal,

11. The apparatus of claim 10,

the first sequence is generated by a ZC sequence; or

The first sequence is generated by a second sequence and a third sequence, and the second sequence is { Z₁,Z₂,…,Z_NThe length of the second sequence is equal to that of the first sequence, and the length of the second sequence is N, wherein N is a positive integer; the third sequence is { R₁,R₂,…,R_MAnd the length of the third sequence is M, where M is the number of symbols occupied by the reference signal in one subframe, and is a positive integer.

12. The apparatus of claim 11,

The second sequence and the third sequence are both generated by ZC sequences.

13. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reference signals occupy subcarriers of a same frequency domain position on different symbols of the one subframe, and wherein the processing unit is specifically configured to:

14. The apparatus of claim 1,

15. A reference signal transmission apparatus comprising the reference signal transmission device according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. A reference signal receiving apparatus, comprising:

a receiving unit for receiving a reference signal;

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein a last symbol of the one subframe is a null symbol, all data symbols in the one subframe, symbols occupied by the reference signal, and the null symbol constitute the one subframe, and wherein a length of the null symbol is less than or equal to a length of one data symbol.

18. The apparatus of claim 16,

19. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the short reference symbols occupy contiguous subcarriers in the frequency domain.

20. The apparatus of claim 16,

21. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the reference signal occupies all non-null symbols in the one subframe, the number of all non-null symbols in the one subframe being greater than or equal to 3;

22. The apparatus of claim 16,

23. The apparatus of claim 22,

24. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein no data or data to be transmitted is mapped on subcarriers not occupied by the reference signal in each PRB on the frequency domain where the reference signal is located.

25. The apparatus of claim 16,

26. The apparatus of claim 25,

the first sequence is generated by a ZC sequence; or

27. The apparatus of claim 26,

The second sequence and the third sequence are both generated by ZC sequences.

28. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the reference signals occupy subcarriers of a same predicted frequency domain location on different symbols of the one subframe;

29. The apparatus of claim 16,

30. A reference signal receiving apparatus comprising the reference signal receiving device according to any one of claims 16 to 29.

31. A reference signal transmission apparatus, comprising:

a processing unit for generating a reference signal;

The reference signal occupies a symbol which is a short reference symbol, the length of the short reference symbol is less than the length of one data symbol, the interval of subcarriers occupied by the short reference symbol on the frequency domain is K times the interval of subcarriers occupied by the data symbol on the frequency domain, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

32. The apparatus of claim 31,

33. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein a last symbol of the one subframe is a null symbol;

34. The apparatus of claim 31,

35. A reference signal transmission apparatus, comprising the reference signal transmission device according to any one of claims 31 to 34.

36. A reference signal receiving apparatus, comprising:

a receiving unit for receiving a reference signal;

37. The apparatus of claim 36,

38. The apparatus of claim 36, wherein a last symbol of the one subframe is a null symbol;

39. The apparatus of claim 36,

40. A reference signal receiving apparatus comprising the reference signal receiving device according to any one of claims 36 to 39.

41. A method for transmitting a reference signal, comprising:

generating a reference signal;

sending out the generated reference signal;

42. The method of claim 41, wherein a last symbol of the one subframe is a null symbol, all data symbols in the one subframe, symbols occupied by the reference signal, and the null symbol constitute the one subframe, and wherein a length of the null symbol is less than or equal to a length of one data symbol.

43. The method of claim 41,

44. The method of claim 41, wherein the short reference symbols occupy contiguous subcarriers in the frequency domain.

45. The method of claim 41,

46. The method of claim 41, wherein the reference signal occupies all non-null symbols in the one subframe, the number of all non-null symbols in the one subframe being greater than or equal to 3;

47. The method of claim 41,

48. The method of claim 47,

49. The method of claim 46, wherein no data or data to be transmitted is mapped on subcarriers not occupied by the reference signal in each PRB in the frequency domain in which the reference signal is located.

50. The method of claim 41, wherein the generating the reference signal comprises: for each of the symbols occupied by the reference signal,

51. The method of claim 50,

the first sequence is generated by a ZC sequence; or

The first sequence is composed of a second sequence and a third sequenceGenerating a three-sequence, the second sequence being { Z₁,Z₂,…,Z_NThe length of the second sequence is equal to that of the first sequence, and the length of the second sequence is N, wherein N is a positive integer; the third sequence is { R₁,R₂,…,R_MAnd the length of the third sequence is M, where M is the number of symbols occupied by the reference signal in one subframe, and is a positive integer.

52. The method of claim 51,

The second sequence and the third sequence are both generated by ZC sequences.

53. The method of claim 41, wherein the reference signal occupies subcarriers of a same frequency domain location on different symbols of the one subframe, the generating the reference signal comprises:

54. The method of any one of claims 41 to 53,

55. A method for receiving a reference signal, comprising:

receiving a reference signal;

processing the received reference signal;

56. The method of claim 55, wherein a last symbol of the one subframe is a null symbol, all data symbols in the one subframe, symbols occupied by the reference signal, and the null symbol constitute the one subframe, and wherein a length of the null symbol is less than or equal to a length of one data symbol.

57. The method of claim 55,

58. The method of claim 55, wherein the short reference symbols occupy contiguous subcarriers in the frequency domain.

59. The method of claim 55,

60. The method of claim 55, wherein the reference signal occupies all non-null symbols in the one subframe, the number of all non-null symbols in the one subframe being greater than or equal to 3;

61. The method of claim 55,

62. The method of claim 61,

63. The method of claim 60, wherein no data or data to be transmitted is mapped on subcarriers not occupied by the reference signal in each PRB in the frequency domain in which the reference signal is located.

64. The method of claim 55,

65. The method of claim 64,

the first sequence is generated by a ZC sequence; or

66. The method of claim 65,

The second sequence and the third sequence are both generated by ZC sequences.

67. The method of claim 55, wherein the reference signals occupy subcarriers of a same predicted frequency domain location on different symbols of the one subframe;

68. The method of any one of claims 55 to 67,

69. A wireless communication system, comprising: a transmitting device and a receiving device, characterized in that,

70. A method for transmitting a reference signal, comprising:

generating a reference signal;

sending out the generated reference signal;

71. The method of claim 70,

72. The method of claim 70, wherein a last symbol of the one subframe is a null symbol;

73. The method of any one of claims 70 to 72,

74. A method for receiving a reference signal, comprising:

receiving a reference signal;

performing signal processing on the received reference signal;

75. The method of claim 74,

76. The method of claim 74, wherein a last symbol of the one subframe is a null symbol;

77. The method of any one of claims 74 to 76,

78. A wireless communication system, comprising: a transmitting device and a receiving device, characterized in that,