CN106712445A - Design method of permanent magnet direct-current Electromagnetic ejection linear motor - Google Patents
Design method of permanent magnet direct-current Electromagnetic ejection linear motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN106712445A CN106712445A CN201710122101.XA CN201710122101A CN106712445A CN 106712445 A CN106712445 A CN 106712445A CN 201710122101 A CN201710122101 A CN 201710122101A CN 106712445 A CN106712445 A CN 106712445A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
- H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
- H02K41/035—DC motors; Unipolar motors
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Abstract
The invention provides a design method of a permanent magnet direct-current electromagnetic ejection linear motor which is simple in structure, brushless and can work at long stroke. The design principle can be also adopted to design a permanent magnet direct-current linear motor. The design structure of the motor is mainly composed of a stator and a rotator. The motor is characterized in that the stator is an armature winding; and the rotor is composed of permanent magnets; the magnetic poles (N poles or S poles) with same magnetism of the permanent magnets face the coil winding of the stator; and coil conductors facing one side of each magnetic pole of the permanent magnets is perpendicular to the magnetic induction lines of the magnetic poles. The design method is based on the design principle that ferromagnetic substances can strongly converge, isolate or shield magnetic induction lines and the design principle that current-carrying coil can generate electromagnetic forces in magnetic fields. The motor is simple structure; the weight and inertia of the permanent magnet rotor are small; an armature with windings and an electric brush with a current guiding effect are not required in an ejection process; operation is convenient and flexible; the magnitude of current can be easy to control; and the adjustment ranges of load, speed and accelerated speed are large.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to linear electric motors field, precisely a kind of DC electromagnetism ejection linear electric motors are in other words conj.or perhaps
A kind of method for designing of permanent magnetic dc straight line motor.
Background technology
Electromagnetical ejector is actually by multiple identical linear electric motors module compositions.Electromagnetic launch linear electric motors are
The core position of Electromagnetical ejector, the field for simply using essentially identical from the structure and operation principle of linear electric motors is different.
Electromagnetical ejector is divided into two kinds, is respectively magnet coil ejector and electromagnetic path ejector.Both are namely exchanged in fact
Linear electric motors and DC linear electric motor.Wherein DC linear electric motor is compared with straight line ac motor, it will be apparent that advantage is：Operation
Efficiency high, does not have the problem that power factor is low；Control is more convenient, flexible.Linear DC motor and closed-loop control system knot
Be combined, can critically command displacement, its speed and Acceleration Control scope be wide, and the flatness of speed governing is good.Straight line direct current
The major defect of motivation is：There is the brush (or) of the armature with winding and drainage on mover in tow " plait ".Although
The linear dc motion actuator of short stroke can use contactless structural shape, but in long stroke structural system, be difficult to realize brushless
Contactless operation.So, used in the Electromagnetical ejector field of long stroke and be made up of many identical electromagnetic launch linear electric motors.
In addition, in precision control linear electric motors, in addition it is also necessary to use closed-loop control system, this could also say that a shortcoming.Straight line direct current
The simple operation principle of motor is：Coil can be free to move axially along iron rod, and in the stroke range of coil, permanent magnet is given
Its substantially uniform magnetic field B is given, when dc source I is passed through in coil, the part that conductor coils are in magnetic field will be subject to
The effect of electromagnetic force.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is directed to the above-mentioned weakness of prior art presence, there is provided a kind of simple structure, brushless, Ke Yichang
A kind of DC electromagnetism of stroke work launches the method for designing of linear electric motors, can be manufactured and designed without commutation using the principle
Device permanent magnetic dc straight line motor.
Technical scheme is：Mainly be made up of stator and mover, stationary part mainly by combined-stator iron core and direct current around
Group composition, coil windings are looped around on the stator core of cuboid；Main two pieces by the stator left and right sides of subpart are (or more
Block) permanent magnet and positioning fixed mount composition；Permanent magnet mover in the left and right sides of stator and like pole towards stator coil, and
The winding wire in face of permanent magnet pole side is set to be mutually perpendicular to the magnetic induction line of the magnetic pole；Using two-sided coupling, stator coil
The current carrying conductor of the left and right sides carries out sensing dragging to mover.Current-carrying coil is this hair by the effect of electromagnetic force in magnetic field
One of bright design principle.Illustrated with reference to experiment and accompanying drawing.
The extremely relative permanent magnets of two pieces of N are represented referring to accompanying drawing 1 (a), in figure 1.When the medium between two N poles is air
Or during non-ferromagnetic material material, two magnet repel each other；When a ferromagnetics iron plate material is placed between two N poles, (area of plate is much larger than magnet
Pole-face) when, two magnet all attract iron plate.When this phenomenon illustrates that magnetic induction line enters ferromagnetics material by air, magnetic induction line pair
Normal has very big deviation；Ferromagnetics has consumingly collect to magnetic induction line and isolate shielding action in other words.Ferromagnetics this
One characteristic is also one of design principle of the invention.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1 (b), the iron core of stationary part is by the ferromagnetic lumber 2a positioned at the left and right sides and positioned at centre in figure
The non-ferromagnetic material part 2b compositions of position.The side that both sides ferromagnetics sheet material is faced out is provided with for the notch around DC coil 2c,
Centre is the sheet material being made of non-ferromagnetic material material, and mover is two blocks of magnet 1, and two pieces of N poles pole-faces of magnet are all towards stator iron
Core and between leave air gap 3.When coil 2c connects dc source, and the current in wire of left end is set to flow out the wire of " ⊙ ", right-hand member
Electric current is flowed intoAccording to left hand rule, the wire of iron core both sides is subject to the direction of electromagnetic force all upward.If permanent magnet 1 is consolidated
Fixed, so coil 2c and iron core straight line move up (gravitation for not considering the earth), are represented with hollow arrow in figure.According to stator
Mechanical relationship between mover, if using permanent magnet 1 is as mover and can only freely up and down move, coil 2c and iron core are made
It is stator, then permanent magnet 1 can be moved down.Here it is design fundamentals of the invention.
It is of the invention to be structurally characterized in that stator is permanent magnet for armature winding, mover；The same magnetic magnetic pole (N of permanent magnet
Pole or S poles) towards stator coil winding, and make the winding wire in face of permanent magnet pole side mutual with the magnetic induction line of the magnetic pole
Vertically；Mover is dragged by the way of two-sided coupling.Design principle：One is had consumingly to collect magnetic induction line according to ferromagnetics
Effect and the characteristic of Isolated Shield；Two is the principle design for producing electromagnetic force in magnetic field according to current-carrying coil.
A kind of DC electromagnetism of the present invention launches the method for designing of linear electric motors, and its advantage is：Knot
Structure is simple, and the light weight inertia of permanent magnetic rotor is small；Mover is (or dynamic without the brush with armature winding and drainage in ejection process
On son in tow " plait ")；It is adapted to launch over long distances.In addition, the present invention have it is easy to operate, flexible, be easily controlled size of current
The characteristics of；Have the advantages that load, speed and acceleration adjustable range are big.Have the disadvantage：Rotor permanent magnet dorsad stator core
Magnetic pole is the same sex, and magnetic radiation can be produced to pollute, and the measure of corresponding shielding magnetic induction line must be taken if necessary.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 (a) is to prove that there is ferromagnetics magnetic induction line to collect the schematic diagram with Isolated Shield effect experiment.
Accompanying drawing 1 (b) is to illustrate coil in like pole magnetic field by the principle schematic of electromagnetic force translation.
Accompanying drawing 2 is to represent design principle schematic diagram of the invention.
Accompanying drawing 3 is the schematic cross-sectional view for representing basic structure of the invention and operation principle.
(1) permanent magnet, (2) iron plate, (2a) ferromagnetics iron core, (2b) non-ferromagnetic material iron core, (2c) stator DC coil,
(3) air gap between permanent magnet and stator core, (4) permanent magnet is fixedly connected iron plate, and (5) represent electromagnetic launch linear electric motors two
The fixed mount at end, (6) position sensor, (7) slide rail, (8) mover attachment means.
Specific implementation
Concrete structure scheme：With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the invention will be further described.
Referring to Fig. 2, the actually magnetic field in stator core is the conjunction that stator coil electric current and rotor permanent magnet are produced jointly
Into magnetic field, and the magnetic field of air gap 3 is then only permanent magnetic field between stator and mover.Stator core is general by magnetic conductanceRate table high
The laminar silicon steel plate stacking that face scribbles insulated paint is formed, it is also possible to use powdered iron core.The thickness and appearance and size of iron core 2a
Depending on maximum operating currenbt I, the magnetic field intensity of permanent magnet and the relevant parameter that should be determined according to design.2b in figure is non-ferric
Magnetic material, that is, can also can both be processed with paramagnetic material with diamagnetic material.In addition, because air is exactly a kind of suitable
Magnetic material, so the box-like iron core of stator pack of the invention can be designed and be processed into hollow structure form.
As shown in Fig. 2 when coil 1 connects dc source, according to left hand rule：Stator armature coil 1 is subject to electromagnetic force
Effect produce a power f to the rightc.According to mechanics principle, two electromagnetic forces to the left are now produced (to use in rotor permanent magnet
Filled arrows are represented), the size of power uses f respectivelyaAnd fbRepresent.The two electromagnetic force sums to the left are equal to the right on value
Power fc(fa+fb=fc).Because coil is fixed, so permanent magnet mover is launched away to the left in the presence of electromagnetic force during work；
Coil can be changed during return to be capable of achieving with the both positive and negative polarity of dc source wiring.
Referring to Fig. 3, (a) represents that the principle schematic diagram. of DC electromagnetism ejection linear electric motors, (b) are represented along A-A
The section view in direction.With reference to Fig. 3 (a) (b), it is described separately specific when the present invention is used as ejection linear electric motors and linear electric motors
Working procedure.
Used as ejection linear electric motors：Ejection linear electric motors have two stages when working, and one is ejection process one
It is return course.Ejection is load acting process, and return is reseting procedure.As shown in Fig. 3 (b), when coil 1 connects dc source
When, mover is in electromagnetic force (fa+fb) in the presence of launch away to the left；Return and realized also in the presence of electromagnetic force.In bullet
During penetrating, because the direction of DC current I is constant, stator current-carrying coil with respect to permanent magnet N poles pole-face active conductor number not
Become, then the size and Orientation for being subject to electromagnetic force according to left hand rule mover constant (does not consider the frictional force of mover and guide rail yet
With the resistance of air)；Mover can accelerate to left movement in the presence of electromagnetic force.When mover accelerates to reach speed and the position of setting
When putting, inductor 6 passes the signal along to control system, and control system assigns instruction, executive component cut-out stator coil 2c power supplys,
And change the both positive and negative polarity closing coil 2c again of power supply simultaneously.Due to changing the connection of coil 2c and power positive cathode, mover can be received
To the electromagnetic force opposite with direction of ejection, so mover can immediately brake stopping is changed into reversely return.Mover is returned to just
During beginning position, control system cut-out stator coil power supply is equally passed the signal along to by position sensor, mover stops.For length
Distance ejection, can realize by the way of by multiple identicals ejection linear electric motors block combiner.For launching different bearing
Carry and ejection can be realized when different with return speed by adjusting the size of electric current I.
Used as linear electric motors：Electromagnetic launch linear electric motors and linear electric motors do not have the difference of matter, simply say not
Same use field.Electromagnetic launch linear electric motors are used for ejector field, linear electric motors and are used for reciprocating linear electric motors
Field.Say again, long stroke ejection linear electric motors are inherently made up of multiple identical linear electric motors modules, so with the present invention
Linear electric motors can be manufactured and designed completely.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of DC electromagnetism launches the method for designing of linear electric motors, it is also possible to manufacture and design DC using the method
Linear electric motors；Its structure is mainly made up of stator and mover, and feature is：Stator is armature winding, mover is permanent magnet；Permanent magnetism
The same magnetic magnetic pole strength of body is to stator coil winding；Mover is dragged by the way of two-sided coupling；Design principle：One is according to iron
Magnetic substance has the characteristic for consumingly collecting effect and Isolated Shield to magnetic induction line；Two are produced in magnetic field according to current-carrying coil
The principle design of electromagnetic force.
2. a kind of DC electromagnetism according to claim 1 launches the method for designing of linear electric motors, it is characterized in that：It is described
Stator be looped around on stator core for armature winding.
3. a kind of DC electromagnetism according to claim 2 launches the method for designing of linear electric motors, it is characterized in that：Stator
It is made up of non-ferromagnetic material and ferromagnetics material for armature winding is looped around its stator core on stator core.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710122101.XA CN106712445A (en) | 2017-02-27 | 2017-02-27 | Design method of permanent magnet direct-current Electromagnetic ejection linear motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710122101.XA CN106712445A (en) | 2017-02-27 | 2017-02-27 | Design method of permanent magnet direct-current Electromagnetic ejection linear motor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106712445A true CN106712445A (en) | 2017-05-24 |
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| CN201710122101.XA Pending CN106712445A (en) | 2017-02-27 | 2017-02-27 | Design method of permanent magnet direct-current Electromagnetic ejection linear motor |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107342671A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-11-10 | 北京特种机械研究所 | Suitable for the motor secondary mechanism of electromagnetic launch technology of unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN107598960A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-01-19 | 西安广源机电技术有限公司 | The bionic mechanical hand that the full free degree easily drives |
| CN108445763A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-08-24 | 东南大学 | Electromagnetic ejection system and control method based on cylinder type flux switching straight line motor |
| CN109274245A (en) * | 2018-12-09 | 2019-01-25 | 刘学仁 | Direct current flat plate type linear motor |
| CN110937128A (en) * | 2018-09-24 | 2020-03-31 | 金耀 | Electricity-saving long-straight-line electromagnetic ejector |
| CN113714998A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-30 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | Rail robot and walking method |
-
2017
- 2017-02-27 CN CN201710122101.XA patent/CN106712445A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107342671A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-11-10 | 北京特种机械研究所 | Suitable for the motor secondary mechanism of electromagnetic launch technology of unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN107598960A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-01-19 | 西安广源机电技术有限公司 | The bionic mechanical hand that the full free degree easily drives |
| CN107598960B (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2023-09-19 | 西安广源机电技术有限公司 | Bionic manipulator easy to drive in full freedom degree |
| CN108445763A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-08-24 | 东南大学 | Electromagnetic ejection system and control method based on cylinder type flux switching straight line motor |
| CN110937128A (en) * | 2018-09-24 | 2020-03-31 | 金耀 | Electricity-saving long-straight-line electromagnetic ejector |
| CN109274245A (en) * | 2018-12-09 | 2019-01-25 | 刘学仁 | Direct current flat plate type linear motor |
| CN113714998A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-30 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | Rail robot and walking method |
| CN113714998B (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2022-09-20 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | Rail robot and walking method |
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Application publication date: 20170524 |