CN106711969B - Bipolar HVDC method for pilot protection of circuit based on modulus mutation - Google Patents
Bipolar HVDC method for pilot protection of circuit based on modulus mutation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106711969B CN106711969B CN201710032008.XA CN201710032008A CN106711969B CN 106711969 B CN106711969 B CN 106711969B CN 201710032008 A CN201710032008 A CN 201710032008A CN 106711969 B CN106711969 B CN 106711969B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/268—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for dc systems
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- Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
- Locating Faults (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of bipolar HVDC method for pilot protection of circuit based on modulus mutation.Digital sample and the decoupling of phase mould are carried out in route two sides, 1 mould of route two sides, 0 mould electric current is obtained, passes through the mutation discriminating direction fault type of mould electric current.If it is forward mutation assay that 1 mould of two sides or 0 mould electric current of two sides, which at most only have 1 side, for external area error；If 1 mould of two sides and 0 mould electric current of two sides are forward mutation assay, plus earth failure in the area Ze Wei；If 1 mould electric current of two sides is forward mutation assay, and 0 mould electric current of two sides is negative sense mutation, cathode ground fault in the area Ze Wei；If 1 mould electric current of two sides is forward mutation assay, and 0 mould electric current of two sides is without mutation, intereelectrode short-circuit failure in the area Ze Wei.For the present invention only with mould jump-value of current, fault signature is obvious, and resistance to transition resistance ability is strong, high reliablity；Can be with the type of Direct Recognition troubles inside the sample space, and carry out failure and select pole, it is adaptable；The required sample rate of the present invention is low, it is easy to accomplish.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric system direct current transportation relay protection field more particularly to ultra-high/extra-high voltage DC power transmission lines
Electric current pilot protection.
Background technique
The features such as high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission of electricity has transimission power big, route low cost, control mode is flexible, in long distance
It takes advantage from large capacity transmission, the asynchronous interconnection of AC system etc., is the important component of modern power network.China's energy
Resource and productivity are in contrary distribution, large-scale power supply base far from load center, for by part quality power in receiving end electric power city
Field optimizes configuration, and reinforces the interconnection between power grid, and DC transmission engineering has broad application prospects in China.Cause
This, improves the safety and reliability of DC power transmission line operation, it has also become problem in the urgent need to address.
DC line protection mainly has traveling-wave protection, under-voltage protection and longitudinal differential protection at present.At present in operation
DC line mostly using traveling-wave protection as main protection, traveling-wave protection quick action, not by ground resistance, load, long line point
The influence of the factors such as cloth capacitor, is widely used in direct current transportation.However, the traveling wave to be put into operation both at home and abroad at present is protected
Protect the not high problem of generally existing reliability, easy malfunction.The resistance to transition resistance ability of under-voltage protection is low, longitudinal differential protection dynamic formula
Delay length, reliability is not high, is easy to lose movement chance.Analysis according to statistics, current power transmission line fault are still to cause
The main reason for DC transmission system is stopped transport.Direct current transmission line fault probability is high, but existing protection philosophy is incomplete, therefore
It is necessary to promote the performance of existing DC line protection, escort for the reliable and stable operation of modern power network.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of quick action, high reliablity, resistance to transition resistance ability is strong, is not struck by lightning
It influences, it is easy to accomplish, monopolar grounding fault and intereelectrode short-circuit failure can be distinguished, and monopolar grounding fault can be carried out and select pole
Jump-value of current longitudinal protection method.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
Based on the bipolar HVDC method for pilot protection of circuit of modulus mutation, implementation method includes the following steps：
Step 1：Sampling is synchronized with predetermined sampling rate to DC current at bipolar direct current transmission line both ends, and
The transient DC electric current at positive and negative anodes circuit both ends is obtained by digital-to-analogue conversion；
Step 2：It is route two using the positive and negative anodes circuit both ends transient DC Current Decoupling that decoupling matrices obtain sampling
1 mould and 0 mould transient state mould electric current at end；
Step 3：The transient state mould electric current obtained using step 2 calculates separately time [T1, T2] interior route both ends after failure
The jump-value of current of 1 mould, 0 mould electric current, and by the jump-value of current of 1 mould of route both ends and 0 mould and adjust threshold IsetComparison, sentences
Disconnected mutation direction.If jump-value of current is greater than Iset, then it is forward mutation assay, if jump-value of current is less than-Iset, then prominent for negative sense
Become, is otherwise no mutation.
Step 4：The both ends mould jump-value of current direction obtained using judgement carries out fault identification：
If wherein one end is forward direction for 1 mould of route both ends or 0 mould jump-value of current direction, the other end is not forward direction or two
End is not forward direction, then is external area error；
If 1 mould of route both ends and 0 mould jump-value of current direction are forward direction, plus earth failure in the area Ze Wei；
If 1 mould jump-value of current direction of route both ends is forward direction, and 0 mould jump-value of current direction of route both ends is negative
To cathode ground fault in the area Ze Wei；
If 1 mould jump-value of current direction of route both ends is forward direction, and 0 mould jump-value of current of route both ends is without mutation,
Intereelectrode short-circuit failure in the area Ze Wei.
Transient DC electric current in the step 1, is acquired by the current divider at DC line both ends.
Predetermined sampling rate in the step 1 is not less than 1Hz.
Decoupling matrices in the step 2 are following form：
In formula, a is modulus amplitude coefficient.
Time [T1, T2] after failure in the step 3 influences to be determined for target to eliminate lightning stroke, and according to straight
The regulator parameter of stream transmission system finally determines.
Mould jump-value of current in the step 3 is fault transient mould electric current and mould electric current when operating normally before failure
Difference.
Adjusting threshold I in the step 3set, according to the steady state run current I of DC transmission systemnAnd decoupling matrices
Modulus amplitude coefficient a be determined as the following formula：
Iset=NTkraksIn
N in formulaTFor the number of sampling points of [T1, T2] in the time；krFor coefficient of reliability, ksFor the mutation of failure steady-state current
Coefficient of discharge, two coefficients are determined all in accordance with the parameter of DC transmission system.
Mutation direction in the step 3 protects the directional element of installation place to be judged by route both ends.
Fault identification in the step 4 carries out as follows：
(1) after the completion of the directional element of DC line side determines, open certain time interval T is protectedd, wait route to side
To the judgement of element as a result, TdIt is determined by the passing time of DC line communication channel and the judgement time of directional element are comprehensive,
It is selected as 10ms~20ms；
(2) after the judgement result of route opposite side directional element is transmitted to this side, by sentencing for the directional element of this side and opposite side
Determine result and is transmitted to this side protective device；
(3) according to the fault recognition method in step 4, sentencing for fault type is carried out by the logical operation in protective device
It is disconnected.
Compared with prior art, the present invention mainly has the following advantages that：
1) present invention is merely with jump-value of current, and without using voltage, resistance to transition resistance ability is strong；
2) the transient process fault signature that the present invention is utilized is obvious, high reliablity；
3) present invention can distinguish monopolar grounding fault and intereelectrode short-circuit failure in area without assistant criteria, and can
It realizes that monopolar grounding fault selects pole, compares existing DC line protection and DC line protection new principle proposed in recent years,
It is more adaptable；
4) present invention only requires the judgement using communication channel direction of transfer element as a result, being not necessarily to the sampling of both ends electrical quantity
It is synchronous, it is not influenced by the communication channel inconsistent and delay mutation that is delayed；
5) sample rate needed for the present invention is low, is easy to hardware realization.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is straight bipolar flow transmission system schematic diagram；
The flow chart of Fig. 2 introduced method to realize the present invention；
Metallic earthing fault simulation figure at rectification side DC bus f1 outside the area Tu3Wei, Fig. 3 (a) are 1 mould Sudden Changing Rate, Fig. 3
It (b) is 0 mould Sudden Changing Rate；
Single-phase high-impedance analogous diagram at inverter side ac bus f2 outside the area Tu4Wei, Fig. 4 (a) are 1 mould Sudden Changing Rate,
Fig. 4 (b) is 0 mould Sudden Changing Rate；
Positive high resistance earthing fault at f3 in the area Tu5Wei, Fig. 5 (a) are 1 mould Sudden Changing Rate, and Fig. 5 (b) is 0 mould Sudden Changing Rate；
Cathode high resistance earthing fault at f4 in the area Tu6Wei, Fig. 6 (a) are 1 mould Sudden Changing Rate, and Fig. 6 (b) is 0 mould Sudden Changing Rate；
Intereelectrode short-circuit failure at f5 in the area Tu7Wei, Fig. 7 (a) are 1 mould Sudden Changing Rate, and Fig. 7 (b) is 0 mould Sudden Changing Rate.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Firstly, determining decoupling matrices according to modulus amplitude coefficient.If from the total value of mould electric current and electrode current after decoupling
Constant, then modulus amplitude coefficient takesShown in decoupling matrices such as formula (1)：
Refering to Figure 1, DC power transmission line, between converting plant and Inverter Station, direct current current divider is located at flat wave electricity
On the outside of anti-device.iMp、iMnThe respectively positive and negative electrode electric current that samples of the side DC line M, iNp、iNnThe respectively side DC line N
The positive and negative electrode electric current that measuring device samples.Sample frequency is not less than 1Hz.
Please refer to flow chart shown in Fig. 2, after protection starting, electrode current that sampling is obtained according to decoupling matrices (1) into
Row phase mould decouples to obtain the DC current of 1 mould of route both ends, 0 mould：
In formula, iM1、iM0Respectively the side DC line M 1 when mould, 0 mould DC current, iN1、iN0Respectively DC line N
1 mould of side, 0 mould DC current.
[T1, T2] calculates separately the side DC line M, 1 mould of the side N, 0 mould DC current Sudden Changing Rate in the time after a failure.
T1 should determine that it is steady that T2 be considered as escaping the failure that DC transmission system adjuster is adjusted after terminating according to the influence for escaping lightning stroke
State process.This example only proposes a kind of Choice, and any Choice according to mentioned above principle is in the protection model of this patent
Within enclosing.For typical DC transmission engineering, the time of controller action is usually no more than 30ms, then [T1, T2] can take
[3ms,30ms].From data window is reduced, from the point of view of improving movement speed, [3ms, 10ms] can be chosen.
The side DC line M, the side N mould jump-value of current calculated according to formula (3)：
In formula, k is sampling piont mark；J is modulus label, takes 1 or 0；ijkFor route side under k-th of sampled point after failure
Mould electric current；ijsFor the mould electric current of the route side under direct current system steady-state operation；ΔijkFor under k-th of sampled point after failure
The mould jump-value of current of DC line side.
The movement threshold I of sudden-change direction element is determined according to formula (4)set, consider the total value of mould electric current and electrode current not
Become：
In formula, j is modulus label, takes 1 or 0；krFor coefficient of reliability, 1.2~1.5 are taken；ksFor the mutation of failure steady-state current
The difference of coefficient of discharge, mould electric current when according to the failure stable state mould electric current of DC transmission system and operating normally determines, considers one
Fixed nargin can generally take 0.03；InIt is the steady state run current of DC transmission system.
According to mould jump-value of current formula (3) and directional element movement threshold formula (4), the protection in DC line two sides is installed
Locate utilization orientation element and discriminating direction is carried out to 1 mould, the 0 mould jump-value of current of route two sides.IfThen mould electricity
Stream Sudden Changing Rate is determined as forward direction, ifThen mould jump-value of current is determined as negative sense, is otherwise no mutation.
After this side direction element determines, protection locking regular hour Td, wait sentencing for route opposite side directional element
Determine after result is transferred to this side, and the discriminating direction result of this side and opposite side is transferred at this side protective device.Locking time
TdIt is determined by the passing time of DC line communication channel and the judgement time of directional element are comprehensive, it can generally take 10~
20ms。
After the judgement result of this side and countermeasure directional element is transferred to protective device, patrolling for this side protective device is utilized
Collect the judgement that operation carries out fault type.In principle, 1 mould of the invention or 0 mould current break direction can identify external area error,
Using monopolar grounding fault and intereelectrode short-circuit failure in the relation recognition area in 1 mould and 0 mould current break direction, and carries out monopole and connect
Earth fault selects pole.This example identifies external area error using 1 mould jump-value of current, and logic is as follows：
If at most only 1 side is forward direction in route both ends 1 mould jump-value of current direction, for external area error；
If 1 mould jump-value of current direction of route both ends is forward direction, continue to determine in area according to 0 mould current break direction
The type of failure：
If 0 mould jump-value of current direction of route both ends is forward direction, plus earth failure in the area Ze Wei；If route both ends 0
Mould jump-value of current direction is negative sense, cathode ground fault in the area Ze Wei；It otherwise is intereelectrode short-circuit failure in area.Protection according to
Corresponding fault type movement.
Please refer to outside the area Tu3Wei metallic earthing fault simulation figure at rectification side DC bus f1, inverter side outside the area Tu4Wei
Single-phase high-impedance analogous diagram at ac bus f2, positive high resistance earthing fault analogous diagram, Fig. 6 are at f3 in the area Tu5Wei
Cathode high resistance earthing fault analogous diagram at f4 in area, intereelectrode short-circuit fault simulation figure at f5 in the area Tu7Wei.
It is external area error, it can be seen that it is big to only have inverter side (side n) for 1 mould jump-value of current of both ends in Fig. 3 (a) for Fig. 3
In Iset, thus only 1 side is forward direction；0 mould jump-value of current of both ends only has inverter side (side n) greater than I in Fig. 3 (b)set, thus
Only 1 side is forward direction.Fault identification principle according to the present invention, can be appropriately determined as external area error, and protective device is failure to actuate.
It is external area error, it can be seen that in Fig. 4 (a) and Fig. 4 (b), 1 mould of both ends, 0 mould jump-value of current are situated between for Fig. 4
In IsetWith-IsetBetween, thus be no mutation.Fault identification principle according to the present invention can be appropriately determined as event outside area
Barrier, protective device are failure to actuate.
It is plus earth failure in area, it can be seen that 1 mould of both ends, 0 mould jump-value of current are big in Fig. 5 (a) for Fig. 5
In Iset, thus be forward direction.Fault identification principle according to the present invention can be appropriately determined as plus earth failure in area, guarantor
Protection unit presses plus earth fault actions.
It is cathode ground fault in area, it can be seen that 1 mould jump-value of current of both ends is all larger than in Fig. 6 (a) for Fig. 6
Iset, thus be forward direction；0 mould jump-value of current of both ends is respectively less than-I in Fig. 6 (b)set, thus be negative sense.According to the present invention
Fault identification principle, can be appropriately determined as cathode ground fault in area, protective device is acted by cathode ground fault.
It is intereelectrode short-circuit failure in area, it can be seen that 1 mould jump-value of current of both ends is all larger than in Fig. 7 (a) for Fig. 7
Iset, thus be forward direction；0 mould jump-value of current of both ends is between I in Fig. 7 (b)setWith-IsetBetween, thus be no mutation.
Fault identification principle according to the present invention can be appropriately determined as intereelectrode short-circuit failure in area, protective device by intereelectrode short-circuit therefore
Barrier movement.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of bipolar HVDC method for pilot protection of circuit based on modulus mutation, which is characterized in that including following
Step：
Step 1：Sampling is synchronized with predetermined sampling rate to DC current at bipolar direct current transmission line both ends, and is passed through
The transient DC electric current at digital-to-analogue conversion acquisition positive and negative anodes circuit both ends；
Step 2：It is route both ends using the positive and negative anodes circuit both ends transient DC Current Decoupling that decoupling matrices obtain sampling
1 mould and 0 mould transient state mould electric current；
Step 3：The transient state mould electric current obtained using step 2, calculate separately time [T1, T2] interior 1 mould of route both ends after failure,
The jump-value of current of 0 mould electric current, and by the jump-value of current of 1 mould of route both ends and 0 mould and adjust threshold IsetComparison, judgement are prominent
It changes direction；If jump-value of current is greater than Iset, then it is forward mutation assay, if jump-value of current is less than-Iset, then it is negative sense mutation, it is no
It is then no mutation；
Step 4：The both ends mould jump-value of current direction obtained using judgement carries out fault identification：
If wherein one end is forward direction for 1 mould of route both ends or 0 mould jump-value of current direction, the other end is not that positive or both ends are equal
It is not forward direction, then is external area error；
If 1 mould of route both ends and 0 mould jump-value of current direction are forward direction, plus earth failure in the area Ze Wei；
If 1 mould jump-value of current direction of route both ends is forward direction, and 0 mould jump-value of current direction of route both ends is negative sense,
Cathode ground fault in the area Ze Wei；
If 1 mould jump-value of current direction of route both ends is forward direction, and 0 mould jump-value of current of route both ends is without mutation, then for
Intereelectrode short-circuit failure in area.
2. a kind of bipolar HVDC method for pilot protection of circuit based on modulus mutation as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Transient DC electric current in the step 1, is acquired by the current divider at DC line both ends.
3. a kind of bipolar HVDC method for pilot protection of circuit based on modulus mutation as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Predetermined sampling rate in the step 1 is not less than 1Hz.
4. a kind of bipolar HVDC method for pilot protection of circuit based on modulus mutation as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Decoupling matrices in the step 2 are following form：
In formula, a is modulus amplitude coefficient.
5. a kind of bipolar HVDC method for pilot protection of circuit based on modulus mutation as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Time [T1, T2] after failure in the step 3 influences to be determined for target to eliminate lightning stroke, and according to
The regulator parameter of DC transmission system finally determines that T1, T2 are respectively the moment after failure.
6. a kind of bipolar HVDC method for pilot protection of circuit based on modulus mutation as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Mould jump-value of current in the step 3 is fault transient mould electric current and mould electric current when operating normally before failure
Difference.
7. a kind of bipolar HVDC method for pilot protection of circuit based on modulus mutation as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Adjusting threshold I in the step 3set, according to the steady state run current I of DC transmission systemnAnd decoupling matrices
Modulus amplitude coefficient a be determined as the following formula：
Iset=NTkraksIn
N in formulaTFor the number of sampling points of [T1, T2] in the time；krFor coefficient of reliability, ksFor failure steady-state current Sudden Changing Rate system
Number, two coefficients are determined all in accordance with the parameter of DC transmission system.
8. a kind of bipolar HVDC method for pilot protection of circuit based on modulus mutation as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Mutation direction in the step 3 protects the directional element of installation place to be judged by route both ends.
9. a kind of bipolar HVDC method for pilot protection of circuit based on modulus mutation as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Fault identification in the step 4 carries out as follows：
(1) after the completion of the directional element of DC line side determines, protection locking certain time interval Td, wait route to side direction member
The judgement of part is as a result, TdIt is determined by the passing time of DC line communication channel and the judgement time of directional element are comprehensive, selection
For 10ms~20ms；
(2) after the judgement result of route opposite side directional element is transmitted to this side, by the judgement knot of the directional element of this side and opposite side
Fruit is transmitted to this side protective device；
(3) according to the fault recognition method in step 4, the judgement of fault type is carried out by the logical operation in protective device.
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| CN107390046B (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2019-08-30 | 天津大学 | A kind of high voltage direct current transmission line fault type judgement method |
| CN107093891B (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2018-09-04 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of flexibility transformer substation system DC line protection method and device |
| CN108023339B (en) * | 2017-12-09 | 2019-11-01 | 天津大学 | HVDC transmission line back-up protection method based on characteristic frequency electric current |
| CN108199356B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-11-10 | 西安交通大学 | Wave-front information-based DC transmission line ultra-high speed protection method |
| CN108808634B (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2019-12-06 | 天津大学 | High-voltage direct-current transmission line pilot protection method based on smoothing reactor voltage |
| CN108923398B (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2019-08-20 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of DC distribution network protection method based on voltage characteristic traveling wave Similar measure |
| CN109274079B (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-12-31 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Single-end protection method for annular flexible direct-current power grid line |
| CN109638796B (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2020-05-05 | 天津大学 | Differential protection method for long-distance high-voltage direct-current transmission line |
| CN110320444A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-10-11 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of method and system differentiating direct current transmission line fault direction |
| CN110456200B (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2020-08-07 | 西南交通大学 | Method for identifying internal and external faults of rectifying station area of high-voltage direct-current transmission system |
| CN110441659A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-11-12 | 湖南大学 | A kind of fault distinguishing method of HVDC transmission line |
| CN111398851A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-10 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | MMC-HVDC direct current transmission line fault detection method |
| CN113589101A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-02 | 华北水利水电大学 | Fault location method and system suitable for direct-current power transmission system |
| CN114204525B (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-08-16 | 华中科技大学 | Pilot protection method for direct-current transmission line and application thereof |
| CN114089105B (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-08-16 | 西安交通大学 | Fault direction judging method and system based on voltages on two sides of line boundary |
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| SE505746C2 (en) * | 1995-04-07 | 1997-10-06 | Asea Brown Boveri | Protective equipment at a bipolar inverter station |
| CN102510050A (en) * | 2011-11-08 | 2012-06-20 | 西安交通大学 | Pilot protection method for direct current line current abrupt change of multi-terminal direct current transmission system |
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Effective date of registration: 20201216 Address after: Li Qiao administrative village Fu Zhuang Cun Nan Lu Dong, Gao Lao Jia Xiang, Shan county, Heze City, Shandong Province Patentee after: Huang Kangzhan Address before: Room 301, building 2, No. 40, xiayuangang East Street, Yuangang village, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510000 Patentee before: Guangzhou Huansheng Technology Co.,Ltd. Effective date of registration: 20201216 Address after: Room 301, building 2, No. 40, xiayuangang East Street, Yuangang village, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510000 Patentee after: Guangzhou Huansheng Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 710054 Shaanxi province Xi'an Beilin District Yanta Road No. 58 Patentee before: XI'AN University OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Patentee before: XI'AN JIAOTONG University Patentee before: CEEC SHAANXI ELECTRIC POWER DESIGN INSTITUTE |
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Effective date of registration: 20210907 Address after: 010013 room 611, block C, Greenland territorial sea building, Saihan District, Hohhot City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Patentee after: Inner Mongolia Tata power transmission and Transformation Engineering Co.,Ltd. Address before: Li Qiao administrative village Fu Zhuang Cun Nan Lu Dong, Gao Lao Jia Xiang, Shan county, Heze City, Shandong Province Patentee before: Huang Kangzhan |