CN106710378B - A kind of full-automatic control system of femtosecond time resolution photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging - Google Patents
A kind of full-automatic control system of femtosecond time resolution photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of full-automatic control systems of femtosecond time resolution photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging, and femtosecond pulsed light source including two timing synchronizations, a precision optics delay platform, two for light-blocking optical shutter, a photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging instrument, an ICCD camera and computer composition.Entire experimental system is controlled by computer, hardware, configuration acquisition mode and control entire experiment flow of the function including configuration precision optics delay platform, optical shutter and ICCD camera, system can do real-time transform to institute's acquired image and obtain photoelectrons/ion velocity distribution, and provide rate distribution and angle distribution.Entire collection process realizes automation, can be obviously improved efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of femtosecond time resolution photoelectron/Velocity map ion imagings for Reaction kinetics research field
Full-automatic control system.
Background technique
Femtosecond time resolution photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging has very important application in Reaction kinetics research.It
A branch of femtosecond pulse is used first as pump light and excites the sample to high level, and the molecule in high level can drill at any time
Change, in order to study entire evolutionary process, another beam femtosecond pulse is needed to generate as detection light action in sample
Photoelectron/the ion signal that can be detected by photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging instrument, by changing pump light and detecting the light of light
Path difference changes the delay time of the two, and the time for reaching sample simultaneously with two-beam as zero point, gradually increases since zero point
Delay time simultaneously records corresponding signal, can finally obtain the information in entire evolutionary process.
Femtosecond time resolution photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging usually requires to acquire in dozens or even hundreds of delay time point
Signal, while to guarantee that collected signal quality is good enough, it is also necessary to multiple scan round is carried out, and in many researchs
In, pump light and detection light action are also required to deduct in the independent reasons for its use signal of sample, so in the entire experiment process
It needs constantly to control precision optics delay platform, optical shutter and ICCD camera, while after collecting signal every time, requiring
Manual operation saves data, and whole process time-consuming is very long, and is easy error.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the invention solves the problems, such as: overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of femtosecond time resolution photoelectron/from
The full-automatic control system of sub- velocity imaging, can automatically according to need uninterruptedly to precision optics delay platform, optical shutter and
ICCD camera is operated, and signal pattern is acquired, handles and save, and obtains photoelectrons/ion velocity distribution, and provide rate point
Cloth and angle distribution, whole process realize automation, be obviously improved efficiency, time saving and do not allow error-prone.
A kind of technical solution of the invention: Automatic Control of femtosecond time resolution photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging
System, whole system mainly include the femtosecond pulsed light source of two timing synchronizations, precision optics delay platform, two be used for
Light-blocking optical shutter, a photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging instrument, an ICCD camera and a computer composition；Wherein:
Two femtosecond pulsed light sources of timing synchronization fly respectively as pump light source and probe source, pump light source output
Pulse per second (PPS) laser is acted on as the femtosecond pulse that pump light, probe source export as light, femtosecond pulse is detected
Photoelectron/the ion signal that can be detected by photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging instrument is generated after sample, two-beam acts on sample
The signal of generation is known as double-colored signal, and the signal that independent light beam acts on sample generation is known as monochromatic back end signal；Precise light
It learns delay platform and detects light since the light path of pump light is fixed for changing light path of the detection light from probe source to sample
Light path is variable to mean that two-beam is variable to the time difference of sample, which is also referred to as delay time, and precision optics delay is flat
Each position of platform corresponds to a delay time, when system can be according to a series of delays of setting rule selection from small to large
Between, that is, a series of precision optics delay position of platform is corresponded to, control of the precision optics delay platform by computer when system works
System can successively be moved to each position according to sequence from small to large, then acquire signal, this process is known as scanning, this
Serial setting position is known as scan position；In order to collect enough signals, it may be necessary to repeatedly carry out this process, be known as sweeping
Retouch circulation；Optical shutter is used to block pump light or detects a branch of to acquire signal that another light beam individually generates as phase in light
The monochromatic back end signal answered；Photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging instrument is used to detect photoelectron/ion velocity distribution letter of sample generation
Number；ICCD camera for acquiring, tracer signal and transmitting the signal to computer, remembered in the form of two dimensional image by signal
Record；Computer is for controlling whole experiment process, including the configuration of hardware configuration, acquisition mode, data acquisition and processing (DAP), data are shown
Show and saves；
Computer and the hardware including precision optics delay platform, optical shutter, ICCD camera establish connection；Configuration is hard
Part parameter；Configure acquisition mode, comprising: setting scan cycle number, setting precision optics delay platform scan every time in pass through
Scan position, the double-colored number of signals acquired on each of the scanning positions, monochromatic back end number of signals；Computer is at the beginning of system
By being set into scan cycle after beginningization；Control precision optics delay platform is moved to first setting scan position, pumps
Light and the detection light for passing through precision optics delay platform successively act on sample, and sample generation can be by photoelectron/ion velocity
Photoelectron/ion signal that imager detects uses ICCD cameras record specified quantity as double-colored signal, is sent into computer
It being displayed and saved after doing the data processing including image transformation, computer controls the optical shutter in pump light optical path and closes,
Use ICCD camera acquisition detection light act solely on sample generation specified quantity signal as detect light monochrome back end signal
It is sent into computer disposal and saves, computer controls the optical shutter in pump light optical path and opens, and detects the optical shutter in light optical path
It closes, the signal for using ICCD camera acquisition pump light to act solely on the specified quantity generated after sample is carried on the back as pump light monochrome
Bottom signal is sent into computer disposal and is saved；The double-colored signal pattern that two-beam acts on sample generation is done according to assignment algorithm to be become
It gets velocity contour in return and calculates rate distribution and angle distribution accordingly, show velocity contour and rate distribution, angle distribution
Curve；Computer control precise optical delay platform is moved to second setting scan position and carries out same process again, successively
Scan a to the last position；If set cycle-index be it is primary, acquire completion, if setting cycle-index be more than one
It is secondary, then to all time above process of progress are scanned each time, with first time scanning except that in each scan position,
All double-colored signals acquired on this position in circulation before computer can all be transferred are added, and use the image after being added
Do transformation obtain VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION be calculated accordingly again rate distribution and angle distribution；Designated cycle number is completed, was entirely tested
Journey terminates.
Computer includes setting zero graduation position, movement speed, acceleration to the parameter of precision optics delay platform configuration；
Parameter to ICCD camera configuration includes shutter delay and spaced time, signal enhancing multiplying power, image accumulative frequency；To two light
The parameter of shutter configuration includes initialisation switch state.
When configuring acquisition mode, to scan position, there are three types of setting means: (1) linear scan, sets initial position, end
Point position, step-length, are scanned since initial position, are gradually increased until final position by setting step-length；(2) exponential sweep, if
Determine initial position, final position, step parameter, need scan position total, according to the increased rule of index in initial position and end
Point arranges scan position between position, successively scans from small to large；(3) list of locations file is directly read, the position to be scanned
Write-in txt document, computer in advance is set sequentially successively to scan from document reading position list.
When computer control precise optical delay platform is moved to setting scan position, can uninterruptedly it prolong inquiry precision optics
Slow platform current location, until the difference of current location and setting position within the specified range, then carry out in next step.System has pause
Function, during scan round acquires signal, can midway time out program carry out some necessary operations, such as collimation swashs
Light etc..
Data processing includes pretreatment and image transformation, and there are two types of optional pretreatment modes: optional deduction back end, to every
One width signal pattern deducts the back end image that a width acquires in advance, to reduce ICCD camera noise that may be present and sensitive chip
Influence of the uneven bring of different zones sensitivity to picture quality；It is optional that threshold process is done to acquired image, only
There is data point in threshold range to be retained, remaining all the points zero setting, threshold range is optional.To do pretreated image into
The transformation of row image obtains photoelectron/ion velocity distribution, then obtains rate distribution and angle distribution accordingly.
The data of display include the image acquired in real time, do transformed VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION image and calculated accordingly in real time
Rate distribution and angle distribution curve, signal strength versus time curve, signal strength are that all data points of realtime graphic are tired
In addition and.When saving data, the data of single experiment are stored under a file；It is stored in going back under same file folder simultaneously
There is experiment condition, including hardware parameter and scanning setup parameter and other parameters that can be manually entered.
The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are that: it can be flat automatically according to needing uninterruptedly to postpone precision optics
Platform, optical shutter and ICCD camera are operated and are handled and saved the signal pattern obtained, obtain photoelectrons/ion velocity point
Cloth, and provide rate distribution and angle distribution, entire collection process realizes automation, can be obviously improved efficiency, and it is time saving not
It is easy error.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is composite structural diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is overall flow figure of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the hardware configuration schematic diagram in overall flow of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the acquisition mode configuration schematic diagram in overall flow of the present invention；
Fig. 5 saves the flow chart of signal for the circle collection in overall flow of the present invention, processing, display；
Fig. 6 is acquisition of the invention, handles, displays and saves details flow chart.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, present system includes the femtosecond pulsed light source of two timing synchronizations, respectively as pump light source 1
With probe source 2, a precision optics postpones platform 3, and two can be used for light-blocking optical shutter 4,5, reflects microscope group 6, lens
7, sample 8, photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging instrument 9, ICCD camera 10 and computer 11 form, in which:
The femtosecond pulsed light source 1,2 of two timing synchronizations for exporting two bundle of pulsed laser, it is a branch of as pump light, it is another
Shu Zuowei detects light；Microscope group 6 and the guidance of lens 7 and collimation laser are reflected by given paths；Precision optics postpones platform 3
For changing detection light from probe source 2 to the light path of sample 8, since the light path of pump light is fixed, the light path for detecting light is variable
Mean that two-beam is variable to the time difference of sample 8, which is also referred to as delay time；Optical shutter 4,5 is for blocking detection
A branch of in light or pump light acts solely on the signal of sample generation as monochrome back end signal to acquire another light beam；It calculates
Machine 11 is for controlling whole experiment process, including configuration hardware, configures acquisition mode, data acquisition and processing (DAP), data show with
It saves.
As shown in Fig. 2, 11 overall workflow of computer is to initialize first in the present invention, connects and configure including precision
Optical delay platform 3, the hardware including optical shutter 4,5, ICCD camera 10 configure acquisition mode, start the cycle over scanning precise light
It learns delay platform 3 and acquires, handles, displays and saves image.
As shown in figure 3, hardware configuration includes the zero graduation for configuring precision optics delay platform 3, speed, acceleration, maximum
Scanning range, the initial switch state of optical shutter 4,5, shutter delay and spaced time, triggering mode, the signal of ICCD camera 10
Enhance multiplying power.
As shown in figure 4, configuration acquisition mode includes: setting scan cycle times N, setting precision optics delay platform 3 is every
The scan position passed through in secondary circulation is from L1、L2To LM, M position is added up to, there are three types of setting means:
(1) unique step linear scan scans altogether M position, gives initial position co-ordinates L1, step-length s and final position
Coordinate LM, then postpone j-th of scan position coordinate L of platformj=L1+ jxs, until Lj≧LMAfter stop；
(2) step-length exponentially increases, and gives initial position co-ordinates L1, step parameter s, final position coordinate LMWith need to scan
Total number of positions M then postpones j-th of scan position coordinate L of platformj=s × ekj+L1, about parameter k, there is relational expression
(3) scan position L is directly read from file1、L2To LM。
Set the double-colored number of signals acquired on each of the scanning positions, monochromatic back end number of signals；Set data processing
Mode includes choosing whether image to subtract background, if uses threshold process and threshold range；Finally select save location and text
Part name prefix.
The algorithm that image transformation obtains three dimensional velocity distribution is as follows:
System acquisition to image to be transformed be a m0xn0Two-dimensional matrix P0, by an axisymmetric distributed in three dimensions
Vertical direction compression along symmetry axis projects to obtained by two-dimensional surface, and transformation is exactly by two dimensional image matrix P0Inverting obtains three-dimensional
VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION, since the distribution is axisymmetric, it is possible to be fully described with a two-dimensional matrix ρ.P0The center of circle in matrix
Coordinate is (xc, yc), symmetry axis along the y-axis direction, by matrix ycThe matrix element of column two sides is symmetrically added, i.e. yc- i column
Element and ycThe element of+i-1 column is added, and obtains the i-th column element of new matrix P, i is the positive integer from 1 to n, and Integer n is yc
And n0-ycSmaller value in the two, P are m0X n matrix can be obtained VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION matrix ρ as the following formula,
M is that n x n ties up constant matrices, element M in above formulaijValue it is as follows:
Mij=0 i+j > n+1
According to the following formula VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION I (v) can be found out according to VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION matrix ρ:
ρ (v, θ) is to have solved the VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION matrix obtained in above formula, and k is the school between image radius and velocity magnitude
Positive coefficient, v are velocity magnitudes, and θ is azimuth.
Angle distribution I (θ) can be found out according to VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION matrix ρ according to the following formula:
As shown in figure 5, computer generates position first, in accordance with selected scan position setting means into after acquisition phase
List gradually carries out scan round, if midway does not stop, starting the cycle over and is scanned to i-th=n times from the i-th=1 time, each
Secondary scanning starts first initialization precision optics delay platform 3 and optical shutter 4,5, sends commands to precision optics delay platform 3 and moves
Move jth=1 setting position L1, judge after reaching designated position, acquire, handle, display and save signal pattern and back end
Whether image judges whether there is pause command, carry out until receiving reset command as a next step it is determined that having if there is then being waited
It ceases and desist order, if there is then stopping entire collection process, is moved to jth=2 if controlling precision optics delay platform 3 without if
A setting position L2Same process is carried out again, is successively scanned until in last jth=M position LMComplete same collection process.
As shown in fig. 6, specific acquisition mode is to open two light on each precision optics delay 3 position of platform
Shutter 4,5, pump light and the detection light by precision optics delay platform 3 successively act on sample, and sample generates signal, uses
10 acquisition and recording signal of ICCD camera is sent into after computer 11 does data prediction and is displayed and saved, recycles if it is first time
(i=1), then pretreated image is saved as superimposed image and does transformation and obtain VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION, then show result；
If not first time circulation (i ≠ 1) superimposed image is then transferred first and with freshly harvested image addition as new stacking chart
As and save and then transformation is done to new superimposed image obtain VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION, then show.Computer controls in pump light optical path
Optical shutter 5 close, acquisition detection light, which individually squeezes into the signal that generates after sample and is sent into computer 11, to be handled and saves, control pump
Optical shutter 5 in the light optical path of Pu is opened, and the optical shutter 4 detected in light optical path is closed, and acquisition pump light produces after individually squeezing into sample
Raw signal is sent into computer 11 and handles and save.
The content that description in the present invention is not described in detail belongs to the prior art well known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of full-automatic control system of femtosecond time resolution photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging, including a precision optics prolong
Slow platform, for changing light path of the detection light from probe source to sample, the time difference of pump light and detection light arrival sample claims
For delay time, it is characterised in that: the system further includes two femtosecond pulsed light sources of timing synchronization, two for light-blocking
Optical shutter, a photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging instrument, an ICCD camera and computer；Wherein:
Two femtosecond pulsed light sources of timing synchronization are respectively as pump light source and probe source, the femtosecond arteries and veins of pump light source output
Impulse light acts on sample as light, femtosecond pulse is detected as the femtosecond pulse that pump light, probe source export
Photoelectron/the ion signal that can be detected by photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging instrument is generated afterwards, and two-beam acts on sample generation
Signal be known as double-colored signal, the signal that independent light beam acts on sample generation is known as monochromatic back end signal；
Each position that precision optics postpones platform corresponds to a delay time, from small to large according to the selection of setting rule
A series of delay times correspond to a series of precision optics delay position of platform；Precision optics postpones platform when system works
Each position can be successively moved to according to sequence from small to large by being controlled by computer, then acquire signal, this process
It referred to as scans, a series of this setting position is known as scan position；In order to collect enough signals, it may be necessary to repeatedly carry out this
A process, referred to as scan cycle；
Optical shutter by computer control for blocking pump light or detecting a branch of individually generating to acquire another light beam in light
Signal as corresponding monochromatic back end signal；
Photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging instrument is used to detect photoelectron/ion letter that sample generates under femtosecond pulse effect
Number；
ICCD camera is for acquisition and tracer signal and is transmitted to computer, which is recorded in the form of two dimensional image；
Computer also establishes connection with optical shutter, ICCD camera respectively, carries out configuration hardware parameter, configures acquisition mode, data
Acquisition and processing, data display and save；The acquisition mode includes: scan cycle number, and it is each that precision optics postpones platform
The scan position being scanned across, the double-colored number of signals acquired on each of the scanning positions, monochromatic back end number of signals, at data
Reason mode, data save location；
By scan cycle is set into after computer initialization, control precision optics delay platform is moved to first setting and sweeps
Position is retouched, pump light and the detection light by precision optics delay platform successively act on sample, and sample generation can be by photoelectricity
Photoelectron/ion signal that son/Velocity map ion imaging instrument detects uses ICCD camera acquisition and recording specified quantity as double-colored
Signal, feeding computer display and save after doing the data processing including image transformation, control the light in pump light optical path
The signal of shutter close, the specified quantity for using ICCD camera acquisition detection light to act solely on sample generation is monochromatic as detection light
Back end signal is sent into computer disposal and is saved, and the optical shutter controlled in pump light optical path is opened, and the light detected in light optical path is fast
Door is closed, and the signal for the specified quantity for using ICCD camera acquisition pump light to act solely on sample generation is carried on the back as pump light monochrome
Bottom signal is sent into computer disposal and is saved；The double-colored signal pattern that two-beam acts on sample generation is done according to assignment algorithm to be become
It gets velocity contour in return and calculates rate distribution and angle distribution accordingly, show velocity contour and rate distribution, angle distribution
Curve；Control precision optics delay platform is moved to second setting scan position and carries out same process again, and successively scanning is straight
To a last position；If set scan cycle number be it is primary, acquire completion, if setting scan cycle number be more than
Once, then it is a difference in that with first time scanning in each scan position to all time above process of progress are scanned each time,
Image and new acquisition after all double-colored signals acquired on this position in scan cycle before computer can all be transferred are cumulative
Image addition then do transformation and obtain VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION, then rate distribution and angle distribution are calculated accordingly；Complete invisible scanning
Cycle-index, whole experiment process terminate.
2. the full-automatic control system of femtosecond time resolution photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the configuration hardware parameter, includes: that setting precision optics delay is flat to precision optics delay platform configuration hardware parameter
The zero graduation position of platform, movement speed, acceleration；To ICCD camera configuration hardware parameter include shutter delay and spaced time,
Signal enhancing multiplying power, image accumulative frequency；It include initialisation switch state to two optical shutter configuration hardware parameters.
3. the full-automatic control system of femtosecond time resolution photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the scan position passed through in the setting precision optics delay each scanning process of platform, to there are three types of scan positions
Setting means: (1) linear scan sets initial position, final position, step-length, scans since initial position, by setting step-length
It is gradually increased until final position；(2) exponential sweep, setting initial position, step parameter, need scan position total at final position
Number, arranges scan position according to the increased rule of index between initial position and final position, successively scans from small to large；
(3) list of locations file is directly read, txt document is written in the position to be scanned in advance, computer reads scanning position from document
List is set sequentially successively to scan.
4. the full-automatic control system of femtosecond time resolution photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging according to claim 1, special
Sign is: when the computer control precise optical delay platform is moved to setting scan position, can uninterruptedly inquire precise light
Learn delay platform current location, until current location and setting scan position difference within the specified range, then carry out in next step.
5. the full-automatic control system of femtosecond time resolution photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging according to claim 1, special
Sign is: pause function is added when control system is scanned circulation in the computer, in the mistake of scan round acquisition signal
Cheng Zhong can suspend halfway and carry out some necessary operations, including collimation laser.
6. the full-automatic control system of femtosecond time resolution photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the data processing includes pre-processing to image, and there are two types of optional pretreatment modes: optional deduction back end, right
Each width signal pattern deducts the back end image that a width acquires in advance, to reduce ICCD camera noise that may be present and photosensitive core
Influence of the uneven bring of piece different zones sensitivity to picture quality；It is optional that threshold process is done to acquired image,
Data point only in threshold range is retained, remaining all the points zero setting, and threshold range is optional.
7. the full-automatic control system of femtosecond time resolution photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the data processing includes doing real-time transform to image, obtains photoelectron/ion velocity distribution, and calculate accordingly
Rate distribution and angle distribution.
8. the full-automatic control system of femtosecond time resolution photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the data show that content includes the image acquired in real time, do transformed VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION image in real time and count accordingly
The rate distribution of calculating, angle distribution curve, signal strength versus time curve, signal strength are all data of realtime graphic
It puts the sum of cumulative.
9. the full-automatic control system of femtosecond time resolution photoelectron/Velocity map ion imaging according to claim 1, special
Sign is: when the data save, the data of single experiment are stored under a file；It is stored under same file folder simultaneously
There are also experiment condition, including hardware parameter and scanning setup parameter and other parameters that can be manually entered.
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| CN112014362B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2024-04-09 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Microscopic imaging full-spectrum high-voltage module time-resolved fluorescence measurement system |
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