CN106709945A - Super-resolution image quality evaluation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a super-resolution image quality evaluation method. The method comprises: employing a pixel corresponding relation between a low-resolution image and a super-resolution image to obtain a corresponding relation between local image blocks, respectively solving the energy and the texture information of the low-resolution image and the super-resolution image, and obtaining the vision similarity between the changing of the two features. The final super-resolution image quality is obtained through evaluation of the vision similarity of the local image blocks of the low-resolution image and the super-resolution image. The experiment result shows good effects in the quality evaluation of the super-resolution image.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of super-resolution image quality evaluating method.Belong to multimedia technology field, particularly belong to number
Word image and digital technical field of video processing.
Background technology
The super-resolution rebuilding technology of image is widely applied to every field, including Medical Image Processing, infrared imaging,
Face/iris recognition, picture editting etc..The purpose is in the case of given one or several low-resolution images, reconstruct
Obtain a super-resolution image.In the past more than ten years, researcher proposes many image super-resolution rebuildings and calculates
Method, according to the number of low-resolution image, image super-resolution rebuilding algorithm can be divided into the super-resolution rebuilding of multiple image
The super-resolution rebuilding algorithm of algorithm and single image
For the super-resolution rebuilding of single image, many different algorithms are presently, there are.Based on traditional interpolation side
Method is all by a basic function, such as bilinear interpolation, bicubic interpolation and nearest neighbor algorithm, it is generally the case that these
Method is all easy and effective, but because the picture element interpolation of these algorithms is operated, edge and high-frequency region can be caused aliasing occur and imitated
Should be with fuzzy distortion.
Because these are based on the limitation of the algorithm of interpolation, the more excellent super-resolution algorithms of many performances are proposed in succession.Base
It is on the premise of priori is possessed, to go to obtain super-resolution figure by a regularization loss function in the algorithm rebuild
Picture, the priori for being used includes marginal information, sparse prior.Algorithm based on sample learning is by learning one low point
Mapping function between resolution image and the image block of super-resolution image, reconstructs super-resolution image.These image block samples
Can be obtained by paths such as image, external data base, the blended data sources of input, the learning method of mapping function includes supporting
Vector regression, dictionary rarefaction representation and deep learning etc..
For above mentioned Image Super-resolution Reconstruction algorithm, its performance be mainly by small-scale subjective experiment come
Checking, quantitative evaluation super resolution image matter quantifier elimination is now also little.But, subjective experiment not only consumes wealth, also takes,
And cannot be embedded in super-resolution algorithms goes work to optimize, it is therefore desirable to which the evaluating objective quality studied for super-resolution image is calculated
Method.
The content of the invention
In order to make up deficiency at present for super-resolution image Environmental Evaluation Model research, the present invention is based on super-resolution
Image quality evaluation model proposes a kind of quality evaluating method for super-resolution image.The present invention passes through following technical side
Case is realized:
A kind of quality evaluating method for super-resolution image, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A. first with the pixel corresponding relation between low-resolution image and super-resolution image, topography's block is obtained
Between corresponding relation;
B. low-resolution image and the image block corresponding relation of super-resolution image according to gained, seek correspondence image respectively
The energy feature and textural characteristics of block, according to the energy feature and textural characteristics tried to achieve, calculate the energy between image block
Information change and textural characteristics difference;
C. energy information change between the correspondence image block that comprehensive low-resolution image and super resolution image are included with
And textural characteristics difference, obtain super-resolution image quality.
Further, the energy feature and textural characteristics are the visual signature of image, and visual signature passes through discrete cosine
Conversion is obtained, and calculation is as follows:
Wherein C is discrete cosine transformation matrix, and N represents tile size, C1And C2N values be respectively equal to f line number and row
Number, f represents an image block, and F represents the matrix obtained by discrete cosine transform by f, wherein first in matrix F element
F (1,1) is DC coefficients, represents the energy feature of image, and the other elements in matrix F except first element F (1,1) outward are AC systems
Number, represents the textural characteristics of image.
Further, the energy variation between image is calculated by the DC coefficients between image block, it is concretely comprised the following steps:
A. low-resolution image is divided into n blocks, the image block set of low-resolution image is expressed as b, b={ b1,b2…,
bn};
B. super-resolution image is divided into n blocks, the image block set of super-resolution image is expressed as b ', b '={ b '1,
b′2…,b′n};
C. the image block energy feature of low-resolution image and high-definition picture is obtained, is calculated with formula (1) and formula (2)
To DC coefficients represent image block energy feature, the DC coefficients being calculated for the image block included in set b are by collecting
Close D to represent, D={ D1,D2…,Dn, block b1Corresponding DC coefficients are D1, block bnCorresponding DC coefficients are Dn;For set b ' institutes
Comprising the DC coefficients that are calculated of image block by set D ' expressions, D '={ D '1,D′2…,D′n, i.e. block b '1Corresponding DC systems
Number is D '1, block b 'nCorresponding DC coefficients are D 'n;
D. the energy variation of low-resolution image and super resolution image, low-resolution image and super-resolution image pair are obtained
Energy variation between the image block answered can be calculated by formula (3):
Wherein, bkWith b 'kRepresent low-resolution image and corresponding two image blocks of super-resolution image, C1=6.5025,WithThe average energy value of respective image block is represented respectively, and m is representedWithAverage, computational methods are as follows:
DkRepresent low-resolution image block bkCorresponding DC coefficients, SkRepresent image block bkSize;D′kRepresent super-resolution
Image block b 'kCorresponding DC coefficients, S 'kRepresent image block b 'kSize, k ∈ { 1,2 ..., n },
The energy variation F of low-resolution image and super resolution imagee(LR, HR) can be calculated as follows:
Wherein bk∈{b1,b2…bn};b′k∈{b′1,b′2…b′n, LR represents low-resolution image, and HR represents super-resolution
Rate image.
Further, obtain low-resolution image and surpass by what the textural characteristics difference between corresponding image block was calculated
Textural characteristics difference between image in different resolution, it is comprised the concrete steps that:
A. for low-resolution image in a size be Nb*NbImage block, by formula (1) and formula (2) discrete cosine
Obtained after conversionIndividual AC coefficients, are represented with vectorial A,
B. for super-resolution image in corresponding size be Nb′*Nb′Image block, can be with by discrete cosine transform
ObtainIndividual AC coefficients, are represented with vectorial A ',
C. the textural characteristics difference between low-resolution image and the correspondence image block of super-resolution image is by the AC that obtains
The average and variance of coefficient are represented, calculated by formula (7):
Wherein C2=6.5025, C3=58.5225, mAAnd mA′Vector A and vector A ' averages, d are represented respectivelyAAnd dA′Respectively
Represent the variance of vector A and vector A ', bkRepresent k-th image block of low resolution figure, b 'kRepresent the kth of super-resolution image
Individual image block, ft(bk,b′k) represent the textural characteristics of low-resolution image k-th image block corresponding with super-resolution image
Difference;
D. the textural characteristics difference between low-resolution image and super-resolution image, low-resolution image and oversubscription are obtained
Textural characteristics difference between resolution image is superimposed by the textural characteristics difference between correspondence image block and obtained, can be by formula (8)
Calculate:
Wherein, LR represents low-resolution image, and HR represents super-resolution image, bk∈{b1,b2…bn, represent low resolution
Rate image is divided into { b1,b2…bnThis n image block;b′k∈{b′1,b′2…b′n, represent that super-resolution image is divided into { b '1,
b′2…b′nThis n image block;Ft(LR, HR) represents that the textural characteristics between low-resolution image and super-resolution image are poor
It is different.
Further, described energy and textural characteristics are combined, calculates mass fraction to predict the matter of super resolution image
Amount, the mass fraction can be calculated by formula (9):
Q=Fe(LR,HR)Ft(LR, HR) (9) wherein, Fe(LR, HR) and Ft(LR, HR) is respectively low-resolution image
Energy feature and textural characteristics difference value and super-resolution image between, Q represent super-resolution image fraction.
Technique effect of the invention:The DC coefficients that are obtained by discrete cosine transform respectively and AC coefficients calculate image
The difference of energy information and texture information, the quality of final super-resolution image is calculated by the difference of energy information and texture information
Obtain.The objective quality scores for obtaining are higher with subjective scores correlation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is algorithm frame figure of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, technical scheme is described in further detail.
Process of the invention is as shown in figure 1, it includes step:
Step 1:Set up topography's block corresponding relation.According to low-resolution image and the local location of super-resolution image
Relation, obtains the image block corresponding relation of low-resolution image and super-resolution image.The wherein big I of low-resolution image
I*j is expressed as, i represents the line number of low-resolution image, and j represents the columns of low-resolution image;The size of super-resolution image
It is represented by (k*i) * (k*j), k>1, the k*i line number for representing super-resolution image, k*j represents the columns of super resolution image.Take
An image block (1 in low-resolution image:i1,1:j1), then corresponding to the image block (1 in super resolution image:k*i1,1:k*
j1)。(1:i1,1:j1) represent low-resolution image in size be i1*j1Image block, the value of the pixel abscissa of image block
Scope is (1, i1), the span of ordinate is (1, j1);(1:k*i1,1:k*j1) represent super-resolution image in size be
(k*i1)*(k*j1) image block, k>1, the span of image block pixel abscissa is (1, k*i1), the value of ordinate
Scope is (1, k*j1)。
Step 2:Extract feature.The DCT coefficient that is obtained by discrete cosine transform extracts feature:Two energy of image block
Amount and textural characteristics are all extracted by DCT coefficient, so as to set up Environmental Evaluation Model.DCT coefficient is by DC coefficients and AC coefficient sets
Into.In each block, DC coefficient tables show the energy information of image block, and AC coefficients represent texture features in block.Every image
Energy and textural characteristics represented with DC coefficients and AC coefficients respectively.As formula (1 '), (2 ') represent:
DC={ dc1,dc2,dc3,…dcn} (1′)
ACn={ ac1,ac2,ac3,…acn(2 ') wherein DC represents image DC coefficient vectors, i.e., one image can be by n
Individual DC coefficients represent that an image block corresponds to a DC coefficient, dcnThe DC coefficients of n-th image block are represented respectively.ACnRepresent the
The n AC coefficient vector of image block, note n-th image block size is N*N, then the number of the AC coefficients for including is N2-1.I.e. one
Image can be divided into n blocks, and each block size is N*N, each image block by the available 1 DC coefficient of discrete cosine transform and
N2- 1 AC coefficient.
Step 3:Calculate feature difference.Capacity volume variance between low-resolution image and super-resolution image by
The mean value computation of DC coefficients is obtained.Textural characteristics difference between low-resolution image and super-resolution image can be by
The average and variance of the AC coefficients for obtaining are represented.For the low-resolution image and corresponding super-resolution image that give,
Discrete cosine transform is carried out to low-resolution image and super-resolution image, DC coefficient vectors, the DC of low-resolution image is obtained
Coefficient vector is represented that the DC coefficient vectors of super-resolution image are by D ' expressions by D.Then low-resolution image and super resolution image
Capacity volume variance can be drawn by formula (3 '):
Wherein, bkWith b 'kRepresent low-resolution image and corresponding two image blocks of super-resolution image.C1=6.5025,WithThe average energy value of respective image block is represented respectively, and m is represented and taken averaging operation.Low-resolution image and super-resolution
The energy variation F of imagee(LR, HR) can be calculated as follows:
Wherein bk∈{b1,b2…bn};b′k∈{b′1,b′2…b′n, LR represents low-resolution image, and HR represents super-resolution
Rate image.
Textural characteristics difference in super-resolution image quality evaluating method, is poor by the textural characteristics of correspondence image block
Different superposition is obtained, and correspondence image block textural characteristics difference is calculated by the AC coefficients obtained by discrete cosine transform.It is right
A size in low-resolution image is Nb*NbImage block, by being obtained after discrete cosine transformIndividual AC systems
Number, is represented with vectorial A,A corresponding image block N in for super-resolution imageb′, warp
Crossing discrete cosine transform can obtainIndividual AC coefficients, are represented with vectorial A ',Low point
Textural characteristics difference between resolution image and super-resolution image correspondence image block can be by the average of AC coefficients for obtaining and side
Difference is represented.It is calculated by formula (5 '):
Wherein C2=6.5025, C3=58.5225.mAAnd mA′Vector A and vector A ' averages, accordingly, d are represented respectivelyAWith
dA′The variance of vector A and vector A ' is represented respectively.bkRepresent k-th image block of low resolution figure, b 'kRepresent super-resolution figure
K-th image block of picture.ft(bk,b′k) then represent low-resolution image k-th image block corresponding with super-resolution image
Textural characteristics difference.Ft(LR, HR) represents the textural characteristics difference between low-resolution image and super-resolution image, as
Textural characteristics difference sum between correspondence image block.Can be calculated by formula (6 '):
Wherein, LR represents low-resolution image, and HR represents super-resolution image.bk∈{b1,b2…bn, represent low resolution
Rate image is divided into b1,b2…bnThis n image block;b′k∈{b′1,b′2…b′n, represent that super-resolution image is divided into b '1,b′2…
b′nThis n image block;Ft(LR, HR) represents the textural characteristics difference between low-resolution image and super-resolution image, as
Textural characteristics difference sum between correspondence image block.
Step 4:Calculate mass fraction.Super-resolution image quality is by combining low-resolution image and super-resolution image
Energy feature and textural characteristics difference, give equal weight, assessment is obtained.Energy feature change meeting in super-resolution image
Image vision information is caused to be degenerated, and the change of textural characteristics can cause the distortion of image high-frequency region.Super-resolution image
Quality evaluating method combines energy and textural characteristics to predict the mass fraction of super resolution image.Mass fraction can be by formula
(7 ') are calculated:
Q=Fe (LR, HR) Ft (LR, HR) (7 ')
The energy feature and textural characteristics that wherein Fe and Ft are respectively between low-resolution image and super-resolution image are poor
Different value.
As shown in table 1,2, experiment proves that super-resolution image Environmental Evaluation Model proposed by the present invention is substantially better than at present
Other models.Compared by the full reference mass evaluation model common with 7 kinds, the index of assessment:PLCC(Pearson
Linear correlation coefficient) and SROC (Spearman correlation coefficient).PLCC
Coefficient is that, for measuring two correlations between variable X and Y, X, Y are respectively the subjectivities of image in image quality evaluation
Fraction and objective score, span is between [- 1 ,+1].Spearman rank correlation coefficient is used for estimating two variable Xs, Y
Between correlation, the wherein correlation between variable can be described using monotonic function.If two the two of variable-value
Do not exist two elements of identical in set, then, when one of variable can be expressed as the good of another variable
During monotonic function (variation tendency of two variables is identical), the ρ between two variables can reach+1 or -1.Coefficient correlation is used
To weigh the linear correlation degree of objective evaluation and subjective assessment, coefficient correlation is bigger, then the performance of evaluating objective quality model
It is then better.
Table 1
Components | Energy Change | Texture Variation | Proposed |
KRCC | 0.4092 | 0.4996 | 0.5885 |
SRCC | 0.6001 | 0.6958 | 0.8035 |
Table 2
PSNR | SSIM | MSSIM | NQM | VIF | MAD | NSS-SR | Proposed | |
KRCC | 0.3296 | 0.4502 | 0.5325 | 0.5703 | 0.2786 | 0.5523 | 0.0917 | 0.5885 |
SRCC | 0.4760 | 0.6203 | 0.7096 | 0.7632 | 0.5226 | 0.7363 | 0.1343 | 0.8035 |
The above is detailed description of the invention, any equal change done according to scope of the presently claimed invention
With modification, it is all scope of the presently claimed invention and is covered.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of quality evaluating method for super-resolution image, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A. first with the pixel corresponding relation between low-resolution image and super-resolution image, between acquisition topography block
Corresponding relation;
B. low-resolution image and the image block corresponding relation of super-resolution image according to gained, seek correspondence image block respectively
Energy feature and textural characteristics, according to the energy feature and textural characteristics tried to achieve, calculate the energy information between image block
Change and textural characteristics difference;
C. energy information change and line between the correspondence image block that comprehensive low-resolution image and super resolution image are included
Reason feature difference, obtains super-resolution image quality.
2. the quality evaluating method for super-resolution image according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The energy is special
Textural characteristics of seeking peace are the visual signature of image, and visual signature is obtained by discrete cosine transform, and calculation is as follows:
Wherein C is discrete cosine transformation matrix, and N represents tile size, C1And C2N values be respectively equal to f line number and columns, f
Represent an image block, F represents the matrix obtained by discrete cosine transform by f, wherein first in matrix F element F (1,
1) it is DC coefficients, represents the energy feature of image, the other elements in matrix F except first element F (1,1) outward is AC coefficients,
Represent the textural characteristics of image.
3. according to claim 2 for super-resolution image quality evaluating method, it is characterised in that:By image block it
Between DC coefficients calculate the energy variation between image, it concretely comprises the following steps:
A. low-resolution image is divided into n blocks, the image block set of low-resolution image is expressed as b, b={ b1,b2…,bn};
B. super-resolution image is divided into n blocks, the image block set of super-resolution image is expressed as b ', b '={ b '1,b′2…,
b′n};
C. the image block energy feature of low-resolution image and high-definition picture, the DC being calculated with formula (1) and (2) are obtained
Coefficient represents image block energy feature, and the DC coefficients being calculated for the image block included in set b are by set D tables
Show, D={ D1,D2…,Dn, block b1Corresponding DC coefficients are D1, block bnCorresponding DC coefficients are Dn;Included for set b '
The DC coefficients that are calculated of image block by set D ' expressions, D '={ D '1,D′2…,D′n, i.e. block b '1Corresponding DC coefficients are
D′1, block b 'nCorresponding DC coefficients are D 'n;
D. the energy variation of low-resolution image and super resolution image is obtained, low-resolution image and super-resolution image are corresponding
Energy variation between image block is calculated by formula (3):
Wherein, bkWith b 'kRepresent low-resolution image and corresponding two image blocks of super-resolution image, C1=6.5025,
WithThe average energy value of respective image block is represented respectively, and computational methods are as follows:
DkRepresent low-resolution image block bkCorresponding DC coefficients, SkRepresent image block bkSize;D′kRepresent super-resolution image
Block b 'kCorresponding DC coefficients, S 'kRepresent image block b 'kSize, k ∈ { 1,2 ..., n }, low-resolution image and super resolution image
Energy variation Fe(LR, HR) is calculated as follows:
Wherein bk∈{b1,b2…bn};b′k∈{b′1,b′2…b′n, LR represents low-resolution image, and HR represents super-resolution figure
Picture.
4. according to Claims 2 or 3 for super-resolution image quality method, it is characterised in that:By corresponding figure
As the textural characteristics difference obtained between low-resolution image and super-resolution image that the textural characteristics difference between block is calculated,
It is comprised the concrete steps that:
A. for low-resolution image in a size be Nb*NbImage block, by after formula (1) and (2) discrete cosine transform
ObtainIndividual AC coefficients, are represented with vectorial A,
B. for super-resolution image in corresponding size be Nb′*Nb' image block, obtained by discrete cosine transformIndividual AC coefficients, are represented with vectorial A ',
C. the textural characteristics difference between low-resolution image and the correspondence image block of super-resolution image is by the AC coefficients that obtain
Average and variance represent, calculated by formula (7):
Wherein C2=6.5025, C3=58.5225, mAAnd mA′Vector A and vector A ' averages, d are represented respectivelyAAnd dA′Represent respectively
The variance of vectorial A and vector A ', bkRepresent k-th image block of low resolution figure, b 'kRepresent k-th figure of super-resolution image
As block, ft(bk,b′k) represent that the textural characteristics of low-resolution image k-th image block corresponding with super-resolution image are poor
It is different;
D. the textural characteristics difference between low-resolution image and super-resolution image, low-resolution image and super-resolution are obtained
Textural characteristics difference between image is superimposed by the textural characteristics difference between correspondence image block and obtained, and is calculated by formula (8):
Wherein, LR represents low-resolution image, and HR represents super-resolution image, bk∈{b1,b2…bn, represent low-resolution image
It is divided into { b1,b2…bnThis n image block;b′k∈{b′1,b′2…b′n, represent that super-resolution image is divided into { b '1,b′2…b
′nThis n image block;Ft(LR, HR) represents the textural characteristics difference between low-resolution image and super-resolution image.
5. according to claim 4 for super-resolution image quality method, it is characterised in that:Will described this energy and line
Reason feature is combined, and calculates mass fraction to predict the quality of super resolution image, and the mass fraction is calculated by formula (9):
Q=Fe(LR,HR)Ft(LR,HR) (9)
Wherein, Fe(LR, HR) and Ft(LR, HR) be respectively energy feature between low-resolution image and super-resolution image and
Textural characteristics difference value, Q represents super-resolution image fraction.
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CN109978840A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-07-05 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of method of discrimination of the quality containing texture image based on convolutional neural networks |
CN111091158A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-05-01 | 科大讯飞股份有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for classifying image quality of auxiliary images |
CN111091158B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2024-04-30 | 科大讯飞股份有限公司 | Classification method, device and equipment for image quality of teaching auxiliary image |
CN112954356A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-11 | 西安万像电子科技有限公司 | Image transmission processing method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
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