CN106707624A - Display element, backlight source and display device - Google Patents
Display element, backlight source and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106707624A CN106707624A CN201710141954.8A CN201710141954A CN106707624A CN 106707624 A CN106707624 A CN 106707624A CN 201710141954 A CN201710141954 A CN 201710141954A CN 106707624 A CN106707624 A CN 106707624A
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- display device
- light source
- collimated light
- backlight
- optical element
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133613—Direct backlight characterized by the sequence of light sources
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a display element, a backlight source and a display device, belongs to the technical field of display and can solve the problems of low light efficiency and high backlight power consumption caused by the fact that existing TFT-LEDs use absorbing-type colored films. The display element comprises a collimation light source and a diffraction optical element, and the diffraction optical element is utilized to present image patterns on a face away from the collimation light source. When the display element is used for the display device, a colored film does not need to be arranged in a display panel of the display device, and in this way, light efficiency of the backlight source is improved by 100% equivalently, so that power consumption of the backlight source can be lowered greatly. The display element is suitable for various display devices.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to display technology field, and in particular to a kind of display device, backlight, display device.
Background technology
Traditional Thin Film Transistor-LCD (TFT-LCD, Thin Film Transistor Liquid
Crystal Display) include array base palte and the color membrane substrates being oppositely arranged with the array base palte, and in the array base
The liquid crystal filled between plate and the color membrane substrates；Its operation principle is：The public electrode and array base palte set on color membrane substrates
On pixel electrode between electric field driven liquid crystal rotation, the intensity of the electric field is adjusted by voltage change, so as to control liquid crystal
The windup-degree of material, and then the light transmission capacity of the liquid crystal region is controlled, finally obtain image.
Inventor has found that at least there are the following problems in the prior art：Traditional TFT-LCD is produced using absorption-type coloured silk film
The different colors of life, light efficiency is 33% than theoretical maximum, and than relatively low, correspondingly backlight power consumption is higher for light efficiency.
The content of the invention
The present invention causes light efficiency than relatively low, backlight power consumption problem high for existing TFT-LCD using absorption-type coloured silk film,
A kind of display device, backlight, display device are provided.
Solving the technical scheme that is used of present invention problem is：
A kind of display device, including collimated light source and the unit of the diffraction optics above the exiting surface of the collimated light source
Part, wherein, the collimation light shaping that the diffraction optical element can send the collimated light source so that the collimated light away from
The one side of the collimated light source is presented pattern of pixels.
Wherein, heretofore described diffraction optical element (Diffractive Optical Elements, DOE) is to be based on
The diffraction theory of light wave, using CAD, and with using modern micro-nano technology technique, in substrate or traditional optical device
Stepped ramp type or continuous relief structure are prepared on part surface, pure position phase is formed and is had a class diffractive optical of high diffraction efficiency
Element.
Such diffractive optical element can also be by carrying out holographic exposure to photopolymer film layer, in control film layer
Index distribution, forms the diffraction optical element of index modulation type.
Preferably, it is first direction, the direction of propagation of the collimated light and first perpendicular to the direction of the exiting surface
The angle in direction is ± 10 °.
Wherein, heretofore described collimated light source refers to the just directional light that the light source is projected, and the angle of divergence of directional light is small
In 20 °.
Preferably, the collimated light source includes the laser being connected in parallel of multiple array arrangements, the laser bag
Include the first primary colors laser, the second primary colors laser, third primary color laser.The LED chip needs to encapsulate collimation lens.
Preferably, the collimated light source includes fill-in light collimating components and located at the fill-in light collimating components side
LED light source, the fill-in light collimating components are used to for the light that the LED light source sends to be changed into diffraction optical element described in directive
The first primary colors collimated light, the second primary colors collimated light, third primary color collimated light.
Preferably, the diffraction optical element includes multiple steps, described on the direction of the exiting surface
The altitude range of step is 50 nanometers -5 microns, and on parallel to the direction of the exiting surface, the width range of the step is
50 nanometers -3 microns, the height and width of step are typically inconsistent.
For the diffraction optical element of the index modulation type based on photopolymer film layer, the refractive index of photopolymer
Modulation range 0.005-0.5 (common materials~0.02), 300 nanometers -5 millimeters of thicknesses of layers, specific thickness (is set by specific design
Δ n*d needed for meter) and selected materials decision.(but not limiting) (n can typically be selectedmax-nmin)*hGrating[or nAveragely*
hGrating, or (nAveragely-1)*hGrating]=λ, λ/2, λ/3, λ/4, λ/6 or λ/8 etc..The size 50 of the minimum unit of index modulation is received
- 3 microns of rice.
The present invention also provides a kind of backlight, including above-mentioned display device.
Preferably, the backlight also includes backboard, and the laser is welded on the backboard.
The present invention also provides a kind of display device, including above-mentioned display device.
Preferably, the display device includes display panel and backlight, wherein, the diffraction optical element is located at institute
State display panel either internally or externally, the backlight is the collimated light source.
Preferably, the display panel includes the first substrate and second substrate that are oppositely arranged, wherein, near the back of the body
Light source is first substrate, and the diffraction optical element carries out holography by photoetching or nano impression or to photopolymer film layer
Exposure is formed at the first substrate or second substrate is close to or away from the one side of the collimated light source.
Display device of the invention includes collimated light source and diffraction optical element, its utilize diffraction optical element away from
The one side of the collimated light source is presented pattern of pixels.When the display device is used for display device, the display panel of display device
In without setting color film, so brought up to 100% equivalent to the light efficiency of backlight, therefore backlight can be substantially reduced
Power consumption.Display device of the invention is applied to various display devices.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the display device of embodiments of the invention 1；
Fig. 2-8 is the structural representation of the display device of embodiments of the invention 2；
Fig. 9-10 is the structural representation of the backlight of embodiments of the invention 3；
Figure 11-17 is the structural representation of the display device of embodiments of the invention 4；
Figure 18-19 is the structural representation of the diffraction optical element of embodiments of the invention 2；
Wherein, reference is：1st, diffraction optical element；2nd, collimated light source；21st, laser；22nd, fill-in light collimation portion
Part；23rd, LED light source；24th, diaphragm；3rd, pattern of pixels；4th, backlight；41st, backboard；5th, display panel；51st, first substrate；52、
Second substrate；53rd, liquid crystal.
Specific embodiment
To make those skilled in the art more fully understand technical scheme, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment party
Formula is described in further detail to the present invention.
Embodiment 1：
The present embodiment provides a kind of display device, as shown in figure 1, including collimated light source 2 and located at the collimated light source 2
Diffraction optical element 1 above exiting surface, wherein, the collimated light that the diffraction optical element 1 can send the collimated light source 2
Shaping, so that the collimated light is presented pattern of pixels 3 in the one side away from the collimated light source 2.
The display device of the present embodiment is presented pixel using diffraction optical element 1 in the one side away from the collimated light source 2
Pattern 3.When the display device is used for display device, without setting color film in the display panel of display device, so equivalent to
The light efficiency of backlight is brought up to 100%, therefore the power consumption of backlight can have been substantially reduced.Display device of the invention is applicable
In various display devices.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment provides a kind of display device, as shown in Fig. 2 including collimated light source 2 and located at the collimated light source 2
Diffraction optical element 1 above exiting surface, the collimation light shaping that the diffraction optical element 1 can send the collimated light source 2,
So that the collimated light is presented pattern of pixels 3 in the one side away from the collimated light source 2.With perpendicular to the direction of the exiting surface
Used as first direction, the direction of propagation of the collimated light and the angle of first direction are ± 10 °.
That is, the just directional light that collimated light source 2 is projected in the present embodiment, the angle of divergence of directional light is less than 20 °, excellent
Choosing, the angle of divergence of directional light is less than 10 °, more selects, and the angle of divergence of directional light is less than 5 °.Wherein, the diverging of directional light
Angle is smaller more beneficial to accurately presentation pattern of pixels 3.As can be seen that a collimated light source 2 can be corresponding from the signal of Fig. 2
It is turned into the pattern of multiple pixels, therefore pixel resolution is higher.
Used as a kind of optional embodiment in the present embodiment, collimated light source 2 is connected in parallel using multiple array arrangements
Laser 21, the laser 21 include the first primary colors laser, the second primary colors laser, third primary color laser.
Specifically, laser 21 can use semiconductor laser chip particle, its material to may be selected from In-Ga-N, Al-Ga-
N, In-Ga-As, Al-Ga-As, In-P, In-Ga-As-P, CdS, ZnS etc., its structure may be selected from homojunction, single heterojunction, double
Hetero-junctions, SQW etc..Between 10 μ W-900mW, Fig. 2 to Fig. 5 is with the first primary colors laser, second for the power of laser 21
Primary colors laser, third primary color laser are respectively as a example by blue (B) laser, green (G) laser, red (R) laser
Illustrate, the laser 21 of R, G, B can be alternately arranged, and order is not limited, as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, distribution mode can be uniform
Distribution, also can be as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6 cluster distribution, but be not limited to both distribution modes.The laser 21 of R, G, B is connected
Mode, can be heterochromatic conllinear parallel connection as shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 5, also can be homochromy conllinear parallel connection as shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 6.Can manage
Solution is that laser 21 can also be R, G, B, W pattern.
Particularly, the above laser can also be substituted using the LED light source of respective color, now be needed in LED light
Corresponding collimation lens is encapsulated on source.
I.e. as another optional embodiment in the present embodiment, the collimated light source 2 includes fill-in light collimating components
22 and the LED light source 23 located at the side of fill-in light collimating components 22, the fill-in light collimating components 22 are used for the LED
The light that light source 23 sends is changed into the first primary colors collimated light, the second primary colors collimated light, the 3rd of diffraction optical element 1 described in directive
Primary colors collimated light.
In the present embodiment, LED light source 23 is LED or OLED, and (light emission side of LED or OLED can select saturating using collimation
Mirror, or LED light source 23 can be laser), its with fill-in light collimating components 22 with the use of sending collimated light, with reference to Fig. 7,
Fig. 8, fill-in light collimating components 22 are fiber waveguide, specifically, the shared fiber waveguide shown in Fig. 7 can be selected, it is also possible to select Fig. 8
Fiber waveguide is used in shown dividing.Fiber waveguide can be single mode waveguide, or multimode waveguide, wherein, single mode waveguide light extraction collimation
Degree light efficiency higher but total is relatively low；The light efficiency that the light extraction collimation of multimode lightguide is relatively low but total is higher.The light extraction of fiber waveguide
The cycle of coupling grating meets following condition：
Wherein, N is the equivalent refractive index of selected standing wave waveguide mode, and λ is vacuum wavelength, and P is screen periods.
Preferably, the diffraction optical element 1 includes multiple steps, in the direction perpendicular to face where the light extraction
On, the altitude range of the step is 50 nanometers -5 microns, on parallel to the direction of the exiting surface, the width of the step
Scope is 50 nanometers -3 microns, and the height and width of step are typically inconsistent.
For the diffraction optical element of the index modulation type based on photopolymer film layer, the refractive index of photopolymer
Modulation range 0.005-0.5 (common materials~0.02), 300 nanometers -5 millimeters of thicknesses of layers, specific thickness (is set by specific design
Δ n*d needed for meter) and selected materials decision.(but not limiting) (n can typically be selectedmax-nmin)*hGrating[or nAveragely*
hGrating, or (nAveragely-1)*hGrating]=λ, λ/2, λ/3, λ/4, λ/6 or λ/8 etc..The size 50 of the minimum unit of index modulation is received
- 3 microns of rice.
Wherein, the shaping to incident light is realized, with output pixel by controlling the phase mehtod on DOE in the present embodiment
Pattern 3.Specifically, on the one hand can be as shown in figure 18, realized by controlling the height of step, now the size of step unit
Highly it is tens nanometers to tens microns；On the other hand can also be as shown in figure 19, realized by different dutycycles, now
Shoulder height all same, from tens nanometers to several microns, in addition can also by adjust the index distribution in film layer come
Realize, 50 nanometers -3 microns of the size of the minimum unit of index modulation, calculated by optical simulations such as FDTD, FEM, RCWA, FMM
Method, with reference to numerical optimisation algorithms such as genetic algorithm, Fourier's annealing algorithms, is adjusted, and iteration is obtaining corresponding pixel map
Case 3.
Embodiment 3：
The present embodiment provides a kind of backlight 4, and it includes the display device of above-described embodiment.
Preferably, the backlight 4 also includes backboard 41.
As a kind of optional embodiment in the present embodiment, as shown in figure 9, display device passes through photoetching process or nanometer
Imprint process or photo-induced polymer holographic exposure technology are prepared on diaphragm 24, when using, will have the diaphragm of the display device
24 are pasted on the backboard 41 of backlight 4.
Used as another optional embodiment in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 10, collimated light source 2 is using multiple array rows
The laser 21 being connected in parallel of cloth, the laser 21 is welded on the backboard 41.
Wherein, by the backlight 4 and display panel 5 with the use of when, using the backboard that diaphragm 24 is pasted to backlight 4
In implementation method on 41, DOE is slightly lower with the aligning accuracy of the pel array of display panel 5.And use laser 21 directly
The implementation method DOE being welded on the backboard 41 has aligning accuracy higher with the pel array of display panel 5.
Embodiment 4：
The present embodiment provides a kind of display device, as shown in figure 11, including above-described embodiment display device.
Preferably, the display device includes display panel 5 and backlight 4, wherein, the diffraction optical element 1 sets
In the display panel 5 either internally or externally, the backlight 4 is the collimated light source 2.
Preferably, the display panel 5 includes the first substrate 51 and second substrate 52 that are oppositely arranged, first substrate 51
Liquid crystal 53 is provided with and second substrate 52 between, wherein, as shown in Figure 12 to Figure 14, near the backlight 4 is first substrate
51, the diffraction optical element 1 is formed at the first substrate 51 by photoetching or nano impression or second substrate 52 is close to
Or away from the one side of the collimated light source 2.
The shape of the pattern of pixels 3 that the display device of the present embodiment can be presented can be square, rectangle, circle, ellipse, three
Angle etc..The arrangement of pixel can be R, G, B or R, any arrangement of G, B, W, specifically, the arrangement of pixel can be such as Figure 15 to figure
Shown in 17, but not limited to this.It is understood that collimated light source and diffraction are used in the present invention in the display panel of display device
Color film is played a part of in optical element collocation, therefore has brought up to 100% equivalent to the light efficiency of backlight, can substantially reduce
The power consumption of backlight, in actual use, in order that showing that light color is more gorgeous, the scheme of the color film of addition is also feasible.
Obviously, also many modifications may be made to for the specific embodiment of the various embodiments described above；For example：The arrangement shape of collimated light source
Formula can be adjusted as needed, and its connected mode can be selected according to specific product requirement.
Embodiment 5：
A kind of display device is present embodiments provided, the display device is similar display device with above-described embodiment, its
Can be：Liquid crystal display panel, Electronic Paper, mobile phone, panel computer, television set, display, notebook computer, DPF, lead
Any products or part with display function such as boat instrument.
It is understood that the embodiment of above principle being intended to be merely illustrative of the present and the exemplary implementation for using
Mode, but the invention is not limited in this.For those skilled in the art, essence of the invention is not being departed from
In the case of god and essence, various changes and modifications can be made therein, and these variations and modifications are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of display device, it is characterised in that including collimated light source and spreading out above the exiting surface of the collimated light source
Optical element is penetrated, wherein, the collimation light shaping that the diffraction optical element can send the collimated light source, so that the collimation
Light is presented pattern of pixels in the one side away from the collimated light source.
2. display device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that perpendicular to the direction of the exiting surface be first party
To the direction of propagation of the collimated light and the angle of first direction are 0-30 °.
3. display device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the collimated light source include multiple array arrangements and
Join the laser of connection, the laser includes the first primary colors laser, the second primary colors laser, third primary color laser.
4. display device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the collimated light source include fill-in light collimating components and
Located at the LED light source of the fill-in light collimating components side, the fill-in light collimating components are used for send the LED light source
Light is changed into the first primary colors collimated light, the second primary colors collimated light, the third primary color collimated light of diffraction optical element described in directive.
5. display device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the diffraction optical element includes multiple steps,
On the direction of the exiting surface, the size range of the step is 10 nanometers -90 microns.
6. a kind of backlight, it is characterised in that including the display device described in claim any one of 1-5.
7. backlight according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the display device is the display described in claim 3
Device, the backlight also includes backboard, and the laser is welded on the backboard.
8. a kind of display device, it is characterised in that including the display device described in claim any one of 1-5.
9. display device according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the display device includes display panel and backlight
Source, wherein, located at the display panel either internally or externally, the backlight is the collimated light to the diffraction optical element
Source.
10. display device according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the display panel includes be oppositely arranged first
Substrate and second substrate, wherein, near the backlight is first substrate, and the diffraction optical element passes through photoetching or nanometer
Impressing or photo-induced polymer holographic exposure technology are formed at the first substrate or second substrate is close to or away from the standard
In the one side in direct light source.
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| CN108919584A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-30 | 青岛海信电器股份有限公司 | A kind of display device |
| CN110262129A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-09-20 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of backlight module and its liquid crystal display of application |
| CN110554533A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-10 | 苏州苏大维格光电科技股份有限公司 | Dodging device and light-emitting equipment comprising same |
| CN111812887A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-10-23 | 合肥工业大学 | Laser backlight module and liquid crystal display using same |
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