CN106707046A - DC transmission line audible noise altitude correction method - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种直流输电线路可听噪声海拔修正方法，包括以下步骤：1)计算输电线路导线表面电场强度；2)根据所述电场强度计算任意海拔高度h的直流输电线路可听噪声相对0m海拔的增加量ΔAN；3)以0m海拔直流输电线路可听噪声值AN0为基准，确定海拔高度h处输电线路可听噪声ANh。本发明技术方案解决了目前直流可听噪声海拔修正法套用交流线路修正结论，无试验依据的弊端。
The invention relates to a method for correcting the altitude of the audible noise of a direct current transmission line, which comprises the following steps: 1) calculating the electric field intensity on the surface of the conductor of the transmission line; Altitude increase Δ AN ; 3) Based on the audible noise value AN 0 of the direct current transmission line at an altitude of 0 m, determine the audible noise AN h of the transmission line at an altitude h above sea level. The technical scheme of the invention solves the drawback that the current direct current audible noise altitude correction method adopts the correction conclusion of the alternating current line and has no test basis.
Description
技术领域：Technical field:
本发明涉及电力领域中由输电线路电晕引起的可听噪声预测方法，更具体涉及一种直流输电线路可听噪声海拔修正方法。The invention relates to a method for predicting audible noise caused by transmission line corona in the electric power field, and more particularly to a method for correcting the altitude of the audible noise of a DC transmission line.
背景技术：Background technique:
近年来，我国的直流输电技术发展迅速，电压等级已涵盖±400kV、±500kV、±660kV和±800kV，未来还将建设±1100kV直流线路。但由于我国能源中心基本位于西北、西南以及西藏地区，上述地区海拔普遍较高。海拔增加，空气密度更为稀薄，电子自由行程增加，导线表面电晕放电更容易发生，导线由线路电晕引起的可听噪声明显增加。由于高海拔与低海拔地区执行同样的环境保护标准，因此在高海拔地区建设直流线路，必须采取相应措施以保证可听噪声满足环保限值要求，这就要求要对高海拔地区直流输电线路可听噪声水平有一个较为准确的预测。高海拔直流输电线路电磁环境预控技术将是直流输电技术发展中需要解决的关键问题。In recent years, my country's DC transmission technology has developed rapidly, and the voltage levels have covered ±400kV, ±500kV, ±660kV and ±800kV, and ±1100kV DC lines will be built in the future. However, since my country's energy centers are basically located in the northwest, southwest and Tibet regions, the above-mentioned regions are generally higher in altitude. As the altitude increases, the air density is thinner, the free travel of electrons increases, and the corona discharge on the surface of the wire is more likely to occur, and the audible noise caused by the line corona on the wire increases significantly. Since the same environmental protection standards are implemented in high-altitude and low-altitude areas, corresponding measures must be taken to ensure that the audible noise meets the environmental protection limit requirements when constructing DC lines in high-altitude areas. Listening to the noise level has a more accurate prediction. The electromagnetic environment pre-control technology for high-altitude DC transmission lines will be a key problem to be solved in the development of DC transmission technology.
关于直流线路可听噪声海拔修正方法，一般都是在零海拔可听噪声值的基础上加上一个海拔增加量，其中零海拔的可听噪声值可通过计算或试验得出，但可听噪声的海拔增加如何确定，目前尚无国家标准和行业标准出台。在工程领域，一般沿用交流输电线路的结论来预测高海拔地区直流线路可听噪声，即美国EPRI(电力科学研究院)提出的“海拔每增加300m，可听噪声增加1分贝”的结论。但由于直流线路和交流线路的电晕特性存在较大区别，因此，目前国际上推荐的交流输电线路可听噪声修正方法并不适用于我国的直流输电工程。Regarding the altitude correction method for the audible noise of the DC line, an altitude increase is generally added to the audible noise value at zero altitude. The audible noise value at zero altitude can be obtained by calculation or experiment, but the audible noise How to determine the altitude increase, there is no national standard or industry standard. In the field of engineering, the conclusions of AC transmission lines are generally used to predict the audible noise of DC lines in high-altitude areas, that is, the conclusion proposed by the US EPRI (Electric Power Research Institute) that "the audible noise increases by 1 decibel for every 300m increase in altitude". However, due to the large difference in the corona characteristics of DC lines and AC lines, the currently recommended audible noise correction method for AC transmission lines in the world is not suitable for DC transmission projects in my country.
为此，国家电网公司立项开展了“±500kV直流输电线路合成电场、无线电干扰和可听噪声海拔修正试验研究”，通过在海拔50m、1700m、3400m、4300m建设多个直流试验线段，开展不同海拔高度下的直流线路可听噪声对比试验研究，获得了适合我国地理气候特点的可听噪声海拔修正方法。To this end, the State Grid Corporation of China launched a project to carry out the "±500kV DC transmission line synthetic electric field, radio interference and audible noise altitude correction test research", through the construction of multiple DC test line sections at altitudes of 50m, 1700m, 3400m, and 4300m. The comparative experimental research on the audible noise of DC lines at high altitudes has obtained an altitude correction method for audible noise that is suitable for my country's geographical and climate characteristics.
发明内容：Invention content:
本发明的目的是提供一种直流输电线路可听噪声海拔修正方法，解决了目前直流输电线路可听噪声海拔修正法套用交流线路修正结论，无试验依据的弊端。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for correcting the altitude of the audible noise of the DC transmission line, which solves the disadvantage that the current altitude correction method for the audible noise of the DC transmission line adopts the correction conclusion of the AC line and has no test basis.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：一种直流输电线路可听噪声海拔修正方法，包括以下步骤：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a method for correcting the altitude of the audible noise of a direct current transmission line, comprising the following steps:
1)计算输电线路导线表面电场强度；1) Calculate the surface electric field intensity of the transmission line conductor;
2)根据所述电场强度计算任意海拔高度h的直流输电线路可听噪声相对0m海拔的增加量ΔAN；2) Calculate the increase Δ AN of the audible noise of the DC transmission line at any altitude h relative to the altitude of 0m according to the electric field strength;
3)以0m海拔直流输电线路可听噪声值AN0为基准，确定海拔高度h处输电线路可听噪声ANh。3) Based on the audible noise value AN 0 of the DC transmission line at an altitude of 0 m, determine the audible noise AN h of the transmission line at an altitude h .
所述步骤1)中的导线表面电场强度E为所有子导线最大表面场强的平均值，并根据高压直流输电线路导线参数和线路结构参数，应用逐次镜像法或等效半径法计算。The surface electric field strength E of the wire in the step 1) is the average value of the maximum surface field strength of all sub-wires, and is calculated by applying the successive mirroring method or the equivalent radius method according to the wire parameters and line structure parameters of the HVDC transmission line.
所述步骤2)中的增加量ΔAN通过下式确定：The increment Δ AN in the step 2) is determined by the following formula:
ΔAN＝kAN/[1+ea(h-b)]Δ AN ＝ k AN /[1+e a(hb) ]
式中，a、b均为常数，kAN为修正系数。In the formula, a and b are constants, and k AN is the correction coefficient.
所述修正系数通过下式确定：The correction factor is determined by the following formula:
kAN＝β2E2+β1E+β0 k AN =β 2 E 2 +β 1 E+β 0
式中，β2、β1和β0均为根据两个海拔不同电压下的可听噪声试验结果得到的常数。In the formula, β 2 , β 1 and β 0 are all constants obtained from the test results of audible noise at different voltages at two altitudes.
所述步骤3)中的可听噪声ANh通过理论计算或现场测试得到。The audible noise AN h in step 3) is obtained through theoretical calculation or field test.
所述可听噪声ANh通过下式确定：The audible noise AN h is determined by the following formula:
ANh＝AN0+ΔAN。AN h = AN 0 +Δ AN .
根据不同的输电线路导线型式，所述常数a的取值范围为-1.0×10-3～-3.0×10-3，所述常数b的取值范围为2000～3500。According to different wire types of transmission lines, the value range of the constant a is -1.0×10 -3 to -3.0×10 -3 , and the value range of the constant b is 2000-3500.
和最接近的现有技术比，本发明提供技术方案具有以下优异效果Compared with the closest prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following excellent effects
1、本发明技术方案考虑了不同导线型式和不同导线表面场强，适用范围更广；1. The technical solution of the present invention considers different wire types and different wire surface field strengths, and has a wider application range;
2、本发明技术方案基于0～4300m多个海拔高度下的试验得出，预测高海拔地区的可听噪声更为准确；2. The technical solution of the present invention is based on experiments at multiple altitudes of 0-4300m, and it is more accurate to predict audible noise in high-altitude areas;
3、本发明技术方案为我国高海拔直流输电线路设计提供了技术依据；3. The technical solution of the present invention provides a technical basis for the design of high-altitude DC transmission lines in my country;
4、本发明技术方案能更好的满足在高海拔地区建设输电线路时的环境保护要求。4. The technical solution of the present invention can better meet the environmental protection requirements when constructing transmission lines in high-altitude areas.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例的系数kAN与导线表面电场强度E的关系曲线图；Fig. 1 is the relation graph of the coefficient k AN and the wire surface electric field intensity E of the embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例在导线表面场强24.3kV/cm时，直流模拟试验线段可听噪声实测值与本发明推荐的修正方法的结果对比图；Fig. 2 is the result comparison chart of the actual measured value of the audible noise of the DC simulation test line section and the correction method recommended by the present invention when the surface field strength of the conductor is 24.3kV/cm according to the embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例在导线表面场强27.6kV/cm时，直流模拟试验线段可听噪声实测值与本发明推荐的修正方法的结果对比图；Fig. 3 is a comparison chart of the actual measured value of the audible noise of the DC simulation test line section and the result of the correction method recommended by the present invention when the surface field strength of the conductor is 27.6kV/cm according to the embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例应用于±500kV直流线路时，可听噪声海拔修正方法与国外推荐方法的结果对比图；Fig. 4 is a comparison chart of the results of the audible noise altitude correction method and foreign recommended methods when the embodiment of the present invention is applied to ±500kV DC lines;
图5为本发明技术方案方法流程图。Fig. 5 is a flow chart of the technical solution method of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合实施例对发明作进一步的详细说明。Below in conjunction with embodiment the invention is described in further detail.
实施例1：Example 1:
本例的发明提供一种直流输电线路可听噪声海拔修正方法，针对高海拔地区高压直流输电线路可听噪声预测计算问题，可方便准确地计算高海拔高压直流线路的可听噪声水平。The invention of this example provides an altitude correction method for audible noise of DC transmission lines, aiming at the problem of prediction and calculation of audible noise of HVDC transmission lines in high-altitude areas, and can conveniently and accurately calculate the audible noise level of HVDC lines at high altitudes.
本发明实施例方法的具体步骤如图5所示，为：The concrete steps of the embodiment method of the present invention are as shown in Figure 5, are:
(1)计算输电线路导线表面电场强度(1) Calculate the electric field intensity on the surface of the transmission line conductor
根据高压直流输电线路导线参数和线路结构参数，应用逐次镜像法或等效半径法计算导线表面电场强度E。According to the conductor parameters and line structure parameters of the HVDC transmission line, the surface electric field intensity E of the conductor is calculated by the successive mirror image method or the equivalent radius method.
(2)计算可听噪声海拔修正量(2) Calculation of audible noise altitude correction
计算任意海拔高度h(单位为m)的直流输电线路可听噪声相对0m海拔的增加量ΔAN，ΔAN＝kAN/[1+ea(h-b)]，式中，a、b均为常数。kAN为与导线表面电场强度E有关的变量，kAN＝β2E2+β1E+β0，β2、β1、β0均为根据试验结果得到的常数。Calculate the increase Δ AN of the audible noise of the DC transmission line at any altitude h (unit is m) relative to the altitude of 0 m, Δ AN = k AN /[1+e a(hb) ], where a and b are constant. k AN is a variable related to the electric field intensity E on the wire surface, k AN =β 2 E 2 +β 1 E+β 0 , and β 2 , β 1 , and β 0 are all constants obtained from test results.
β2、β1、β0的获取方法为：对两处不同海拔下的直流线路施加一组电压，在不同的导线表面场强E下，通过可听噪声测试结果可反推计算得到一组kAN，通过最小二乘拟合，可以得到β2、β1、β0的取值。The method of obtaining β 2 , β 1 , and β 0 is as follows: apply a set of voltages to two DC lines at different altitudes, and under different surface field strengths E of the wires, a set of voltages can be obtained by inverse calculation through the audible noise test results. k AN , through the least square fitting, the values of β 2 , β 1 , and β 0 can be obtained.
(3)计算不同海拔高度直流输电线路可听噪声水平(3) Calculate the audible noise level of DC transmission lines at different altitudes
所述可听噪声ANh通过下式确定：The audible noise AN h is determined by the following formula:
ANh＝AN0+ΔAN。AN h = AN 0 +Δ AN .
下面以国家电网公司位于北京和西藏的四处不同海拔直流模拟试验线段的可听噪声试验结果为例来说明本发明的效果。The effects of the present invention will be described below by taking the audible noise test results of four DC simulation test line sections at different altitudes located in Beijing and Tibet of the State Grid Corporation of China as examples.
四处直流模拟试验线段分别位于北京昌平区、西藏察隅县、西藏工布江达县和西藏当雄县，海拔高度分别为50m、1700m、3400m和4300m，试验线段均架设相同型式的4×95mm2导线，线路长度均为100m。在试验线段上对双极导线施加直流电压，当导线的表面场强超过临界起晕场强后将会产生可听噪声，测量不同海拔试验线段下的可听噪声，并将测试结果与本发明推荐的方法进行比较。The four DC simulation test lines are respectively located in Changping District, Beijing, Zayu County, Tibet, Gongbu Jiangda County, Tibet, and Dangxung County, Tibet. The altitudes are 50m, 1700m, 3400m and 4300m respectively. The line length is 100m. Apply a DC voltage to the bipolar wire on the test line section, and when the surface field strength of the wire exceeds the critical halo field strength, audible noise will be generated, and the audible noise under the test line section at different altitudes will be measured, and the test results will be compared with the present invention. recommended methods for comparison.
试验中，试验电压取值分别为±220kV和±250kV，根据线路结构与导线参数，应用逐次镜像法计算得到对电压下的导线表面场强分别24.3kV/cm和27.6kV/cm，根据附图1给出的kAN与导线表面场强的对应关系，可以求得kAN的值分别为8.7和11.6。根据不同的输电线路导线型式，所述常数a的取值范围为-1.0×10-3～-3.0×10-3，所述常数b的取值范围为2000～3500。a、b的取值是通过四处不同海拔高度直流输电线路下测量得到的可听噪声数据反推得到的，对于不同的导线型式，由于在不同海拔区间的可听噪声海拔增加量不同，a、b的取值也会发生变化。In the test, the test voltage values are ±220kV and ±250kV respectively. According to the line structure and wire parameters, the surface field strength of the wire under the voltage is calculated by applying the successive mirroring method to be 24.3kV/cm and 27.6kV/cm respectively. According to the attached drawing The corresponding relationship between k AN and the surface field strength of the wire given in 1, the values of k AN can be obtained to be 8.7 and 11.6 respectively. According to different wire types of transmission lines, the value range of the constant a is -1.0×10 -3 to -3.0×10 -3 , and the value range of the constant b is 2000-3500. The values of a and b are inversely derived from the audible noise data measured under DC transmission lines at four different altitudes. For different conductor types, the audible noise altitude increase in different altitude intervals is different. a, The value of b will also change.
对于4×95mm2导线，根据不同海拔试验结果通过反推计算，推荐常数a和b的取值分别为-0.0018和2900，应用该计算公式可以计算得到不同海拔高度下可听噪声相对零海拔的增加量。根据零海拔下的可听噪声试验结果，在±220kV和±250kV电压下可听噪声测量统计平均值分别为34.7dB(A)和41.4dB(A)，在该值基础上加上前述可听噪声海拔增加量，可以得出不同海拔高度下的可听噪声水平。图2和图3分别给出了施加电压分别为±220kV和±250kV时根据本发明推荐方法计算得到的可听噪声海拔修正曲线与实测值的对比。For the 4×95mm 2 wire, according to the test results at different altitudes, the values of the recommended constants a and b are -0.0018 and 2900, respectively. Using this calculation formula, the audible noise at different altitudes relative to zero altitude can be calculated. increments. According to the test results of audible noise at zero altitude, the statistical average values of audible noise measurements at ±220kV and ±250kV voltages are 34.7dB(A) and 41.4dB(A) respectively. The amount of noise altitude increase, which can be used to obtain the audible noise level at different altitudes. Figure 2 and Figure 3 show the comparison between the audible noise altitude correction curve calculated according to the recommended method of the present invention and the measured value when the applied voltage is ±220kV and ±250kV respectively.
由图中可以看出，采用本发明提出的可听噪声海拔修正方法，可较为准确的预测在不同海拔下可听噪声水平，并且能够客观反映直流线路可听噪声随海拔增加呈现出的非线性增长变化趋势。即在海拔0～1500m的范围内，可听噪声随着海拔高度增加缓慢增加，在1500～3500m的范围内，可听噪声随着海拔增加迅速增加，海拔高度大于3500m以后，可听噪声呈现饱和状态，随着海拔增加，可听噪声的增加速度逐渐趋缓。It can be seen from the figure that the audible noise altitude correction method proposed by the present invention can accurately predict the audible noise level at different altitudes, and can objectively reflect the non-linearity of the audible noise of the DC line as the altitude increases growth trend. That is, within the range of 0-1500m above sea level, the audible noise increases slowly with the increase of altitude, within the range of 1500-3500m, the audible noise increases rapidly with the increase of altitude, and after the altitude is greater than 3500m, the audible noise becomes saturated As the altitude increases, the increase rate of audible noise gradually slows down.
图4以±500kV直流线路为例，给出了本发明推荐的可听噪声海拔修正方法与国外ERPI所推荐方法的对比。可以看出，对于±500kV直流线路，应用本发明提出的直流线路可听噪声海拔修正公式预测得到的可听噪声随海拔增加量比按美国EPRI公式预测的小，以海拔0m到4300m为例，按本报告公式预测的可听噪声增加量为4.98dB，仅为按美国EPRI公式预测值[14.3dB(A)]的35％。Fig. 4, taking ±500kV DC line as an example, shows the comparison between the audible noise altitude correction method recommended by the present invention and the method recommended by foreign ERPI. It can be seen that for a ±500kV DC line, the increase in audible noise with altitude predicted by applying the altitude correction formula for the audible noise of the DC line proposed by the present invention is smaller than that predicted by the US EPRI formula. Taking an altitude of 0m to 4300m as an example, The audible noise increase predicted by the formula in this report is 4.98dB, which is only 35% of the value [14.3dB(A)] predicted by the US EPRI formula.
最后应当说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制，所属领域的普通技术人员尽管参照上述实施例应当理解：依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换，这些未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换，均在申请待批的本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand with reference to the above embodiments that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or equivalent. Replacement, any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention pending application.
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