CN106706534A - Method for detecting proteins based on combination of colorimetric array sensor and mobile phone - Google Patents
Method for detecting proteins based on combination of colorimetric array sensor and mobile phone Download PDFInfo
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- CN106706534A CN106706534A CN201611260971.5A CN201611260971A CN106706534A CN 106706534 A CN106706534 A CN 106706534A CN 201611260971 A CN201611260971 A CN 201611260971A CN 106706534 A CN106706534 A CN 106706534A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/314—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry with comparison of measurements at specific and non-specific wavelengths
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/314—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry with comparison of measurements at specific and non-specific wavelengths
- G01N2021/3155—Measuring in two spectral ranges, e.g. UV and visible
Abstract
The invention provides a method for detecting proteins based on combination of a colorimetric array sensor and a mobile phone. Salts of different concentrations and nano-gold are taken as a sensing unit to greatly lower the cost, the method further has the advantages of simple operation, high response speed, high sensitivity and the like, and the aggregation degrees of gold nanoparticles are different under induction of the salts of different concentrations and the proteins to obtain different response optical signals, so that 12 proteins can be distinguished in distilled water, and furthermore, 12 proteins of 200 nM can be completely identified in a urine sample of a healthy person of which the concentration is 50%. Response signals of a sensing system are processed by using a smart phone, thereby being beneficial for simplifying the processing of the signals and shortening the analysis time, and multiple proteins, Lys and HSA of different concentrations and mixtures of Lys and HAS can be identified in the urine sample, so that practical application values of the colorimetric array sensor for protein detection are greatly promoted and the colorimetric array sensor has broad application prospects in the fields of resource shortage, site detection and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biomacromolecule detection technical field, specifically, it is related to a kind of based on colorimetric sensor array
With mobile phone combination detection method of protein.
Background technology
The detection of large biological molecule has important effect in fields such as food industry, biology, biomedicines.Often at present
Analysis method has ELISA, combined gas chromatography mass spectrometry, gel electrophoresis.Although these technologies have very high sensitivity
And high specific, but complex operation, analysis time more long, high cost, the low defect of efficiency, especially in scarcity of resources or place
The practical applications such as detection receive considerable restraint.
Sensor array is a kind of new analysis method for developing rapidly in the last few years, the party for large biological molecule
The smell of method simulation mammal or gustatory system are based on pattern-recognition is used for target analyte detection, is received accordingly using various interactions
Body is analyzed for many kinds of substance, can realize being obtained while multiple spot information in plane, drastically increases analysis efficiency
With detection flux.Because colorimetric sensor array has fast response time, sensitivity high, simple to operate and low cost and other advantages,
There is huge application prospect in fields such as food security, environmental monitoring, medicals diagnosis on disease.Therefore exploitation colorimetric sensor array is used
In new sensing material and new sensor mechanism be still main research direction.Single colorimetric sensor method based on nm of gold
Have been used for the detection of many kinds of substance in disease detection and environmental monitoring, the sensing principle is " key and lock " pattern basis hair
What exhibition was got up.Because nm of gold is prepared simply, easily modified by various large biological molecules, by the poly- of determinand induction nm of gold
Collection, disaggregation and regrowth process can change its size, pattern and composition, so as to influence its plasmon absorption wavelength
Change, ultimately results in the change of colloidal solution.
The aptamer for being mostly protein reported at present is combined with nanogold particle (AuNPs), forms DNA-
AuNPs compounds, protein identification (Anal.Chem.2013,85.6571- are used for based on this colorimetric sensor array for building
6574；Anal.Chem.2015,87.3354-3359), high cost, complex operation is unfavorable for that place is detected.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one kind based on colorimetric sensor array and mobile phone combination detection method of protein.
In order to realize the object of the invention, side of the present invention based on colorimetric sensor array with mobile phone combination detection protein
Method, comprises the following steps：
The preparation of S1, nanogold particle：Be obtained by reduction of sodium citrate gold chloride, gold chloride and sodium citrate mole
Than being 3.5-3.8:1, the average grain diameter of nanogold particle is 13-18nm (preferably 13nm) in resulting solution；
The preparation of S2, protein-nano-Au composite：Add respectively in the above-mentioned μ L of solution 100 containing nanogold particle
Enter 12 kinds of protein of 0.5 μM of 50 μ L, be incubated 30min, obtain different protein-nano-Au composites；Wherein, described 12
Planting protein includes Try, Hem, BSA, HSA, Pep, Lys, EA, HRP, TRF, Cyt-C, IgG and Con-A；
The preparation of S3, the nanogold particle coagulation system of Salt treatment：Add respectively in every kind of protein-nano-Au composite
Enter the NaCl solution of 50 μ L various concentrations gradients, be subsequently adding 300 μ L ultra-pure waters, be incubated 10min, form different salinity inductions
Nanogold particle coagulation system；Wherein, the concentration range of NaCl solution is 0~100mM；Preferred concentration gradient be 0mM, 5mM,
10mM, 15mM and 20mM；
The structure of S4, protein profiling：Using the coagulation system of step S3 as sensing unit, obtained not using spectral technique
Same response optical signalling, and the collection of illustrative plates of different proteins is built based on absorbance, and drawn using software SYSTAT 13
LDA schemes；Or,
Using the coagulation system of step S3 as sensing unit, different response optical signallings are obtained using imaging technique, and
The corresponding HCA figures of different proteins are drawn using software I BM SPSS Statistics 16 based on rgb value, and utilizes software
Adobe Photoshop C6 draw corresponding chromaticity difference diagram；
S5, nanogold particle is prepared according to S1, to adding the to be measured of M1 concentration in the μ L of solution 100 containing nanogold particle
Protein solution, adds 300 μ L ultra-pure waters, after being incubated 30min, optical signalling is obtained using spectral technique, substitutes into described in S4
In software SYSTAT 13, result is shown according to LDA figures, testing protein is identified；Or,
To the testing protein solution that M1 concentration is added in the μ L of solution 100 containing nanogold particle, add 300 μ L and surpass
Pure water, after being incubated 30min, optical signalling is obtained using imaging technique, substitutes into software I BM SPSS Statistics described in S4
In 16 and software Adobe Photoshop C6, result is shown according to HCA figures and chromaticity difference diagram, testing protein is identified.
In the step of preceding method S5,0.5 μM≤M1≤1 μM.It is preferred that M1 is 0.5 μM.
The same step of concrete operations of optical signalling is obtained in the step of preceding method S5 using spectral technique or imaging technique
S4。
Concrete operations in the step of preceding method S4 using spectral technique collection optical signalling are as follows：Step S3 is gathered
Heavy system carries out uv-spectrophotometric detection, obtains A620/520Value, builds the collection of illustrative plates of different proteins and draws LDA figures.
Concrete operations in the step of preceding method S4 using imaging technique collection optical signalling are as follows：By the poly- of step S3
Heavy system is respectively taken during 200 μ L add to 96 orifice plates respectively, and is decorated with half at the lower section laying size identical edge of 96 orifice plate
The a piece of paper of the bullet of footpath 0.5cm, justifies by by the rgb value of bullet under different shooting conditions and blank sample picture black
The rgb value of point is mutually unified, to avoid light difference；By 96 orifice plate horizontal positioneds, with smart mobile phone (mobile phone brand is not limited) 96
The vertical direction of orifice plate is shot, and the vertical range of mobile lens and 96 orifice plates is 12cm.
Data processing (each sample does 6 repetitions, averages) is carried out to the rgb value that mobile phone imaging is obtained, and is based on
Rgb value draws the corresponding HCA figures of different proteins using software I BM SPSS Statistics 16, and utilizes software
Adobe Photoshop C6 draw corresponding chromaticity difference diagram.
Foregoing method, each mobile phone shoots equal establishing shot distance.
The present invention further provides application of the above method in urine sample Protein Detection.Nanogold particle is prepared according to S1,
To be separately added into the μ L of solution 200 containing nanogold particle 100 μ L containing M1 ' concentration testing proteins 6 times of dilution, 3 times, 2
Again, 1.5 times of Healthy People urine, adds 200 μ L ultra-pure waters, after being incubated 30min, is obtained using spectral technique or imaging technique
Optical signalling, substitutes into software described in S4, according to graphical results, testing protein is identified (kinds of protein is not limited).
Wherein, 0.1 μM≤M1 '≤100 μM, preferably M1 ' is 1 μM.
The present invention is shown in Fig. 1 based on colorimetric sensor array with the schematic flow sheet of mobile phone combination detection protein.
The present invention has advantages below：
(1) present invention can need not be realized to multiple proteins using expensive instrument by being combined with smart mobile phone
Detection, simple to operate, it is high that low cost, signal respond fast, sensitivity；
(2) response signal of sensing system is processed using smart mobile phone, is conducive to simplifying the treatment of signal and is shortened analysis
Time；
(3) only can with the naked eye be easily recognized, be conducive to place to detect；
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic flow sheet of the present invention based on colorimetric sensor array with mobile phone combination detection protein.
Fig. 2 is the coagulation degree and the optimization knot of experiment condition of different salinity and nm of gold in the embodiment of the present invention 1
Really.
Fig. 3 is the ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy of AuNPs in the embodiment of the present invention 1, when AuNPs is from different protein contacts
The coagulation of the nanogold particle of Salt treatment.
Fig. 4 be the embodiment of the present invention 1 in water sample to the recognition result of the multiple protein of final concentration 50nM；Wherein, A is represented
12 kinds of collection of illustrative plates of albumen, B represents 12 kinds of LDA figures of albumen.
Fig. 5 be the embodiment of the present invention 2 in using sensor array in actual sample to the identification knot of 200nM multiple proteins
Really (LDA figures).
Fig. 6 corresponds to the color of 200nM multiple proteins to utilize sensor array in the embodiment of the present invention 2 in actual sample
Difference figure and mobile phone shooting figure.
Fig. 7 corresponds to 200nM multiple proteins to utilize sensor array in the embodiment of the present invention 2 in actual sample
HCA schemes.
Fig. 8 be the embodiment of the present invention 2 in mixing chromaticity difference diagram and HCA with single albumen and unknown concentration HSA.
In Fig. 4, factor 1 and factor 2 represents typical discriminator 1 and typical discriminator 2 respectively.
Specific embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not limited to the scope of the present invention.If not specializing, embodiment
In the conventional meanses that are well known to those skilled in the art of technological means used, it is raw materials used to be commercial goods.
Embodiment 1 is used for the detection of multiple proteins with the colorimetric sensor array that mobile phone is used in conjunction
Nm of gold is prepared using reduction of sodium citrate gold chloride method, nanogold particle (AuNPs) exists as particle size range
The nano material of Nano grade, its synthesis is very simple, with the AuNPs classical ways of citrate reduction gold chloride synthesis the most
It is convenient.
What the present embodiment was provided detects method of protein, including following step based on colorimetric sensor array and mobile phone combination
Suddenly：
1st, the preparation of nanogold particle：Be obtained by reduction of sodium citrate gold chloride, gold chloride and sodium citrate mole
Than being 3.5:1, the average grain diameter of nanogold particle is 13nm in resulting solution.
2nd, the preparation of protein-nano-Au composite：To being separately added into the above-mentioned μ L of solution 100 containing nanogold particle
12 kinds of protein of 50 0.5 μM of μ L, are incubated 30min, obtain different protein-nano-Au composites；Wherein, described 12 kinds
Protein includes Try, Hem, BSA, HSA, Pep, Lys, EA, HRP, TRF, Cyt-C, IgG and Con-A.
3rd, the preparation of the nanogold particle coagulation system of Salt treatment：Add respectively in every kind of protein-nano-Au composite
Enter the NaCl solution of 0mM, 5mM, 10mM, 15mM and 20mM of 50 μ L, be subsequently adding 300 μ L ultra-pure waters, be incubated 10min, formed
The nanogold particle coagulation system of different salinity inductions.
4th, the structure of protein profiling：Using the coagulation system of step S3 as sensing unit, obtained not using spectral technique
Same response optical signalling, and the collection of illustrative plates of different proteins is built based on absorbance, and drawn using software SYSTAT 13
LDA schemes.
Or, using the coagulation system of step S3 as sensing unit, obtain different response optics using imaging technique and believe
Number, and the corresponding HCA figures of different proteins, Yi Jili are drawn using software I BM SPSS Statistics 16 based on rgb value
Corresponding chromaticity difference diagram is drawn with software Adobe Photoshop C6.
5th, nanogold particle is prepared according to step 1, is treated to M1 concentration is added in the μ L of solution 100 containing nanogold particle
Protein solution is surveyed, 300 μ L ultra-pure waters are added, after being incubated 30min, optical signalling is obtained using spectral technique, substitute into S4 institutes
State in software SYSTAT 13, result is shown according to LDA figures, testing protein is identified.
Or, to the testing protein solution that M1 concentration is added in the μ L of solution 100 containing nanogold particle, add
300 μ L ultra-pure waters, after being incubated 30min, optical signalling are obtained using imaging technique, substitute into software I BM SPSS described in S4
In Statistics 16 and software Adobe Photoshop C6, result is shown according to HCA figures and chromaticity difference diagram, to testing protein
Matter is identified.
The specific method of spectral technique is as follows：
Optimize NaCl concentration first, it is determined that selected concentration is 5mM, 10mM, 15mM, 20mM (final concentration), it is then determined that egg
White matter incubation time (dynamics), determines incubation time for 30min (Fig. 2), draws absorbance spectrum of each albumen in system,
To illustrate that different albumen have different responses in the system, so as to prove the feasibility (Fig. 3) of the system.In ultra-pure water, plus
Enter the AuNPs (100 μ L) of 13nm, plus 50 μ L0.5 μM albumen, be incubated 30min, be then respectively adding 0mM, the 5mM of 50 μ L,
The NaCl of 10mM, 15mM, 20mM, plus 300 μ L ultra-pure waters, are incubated 10min, and ultraviolet detection obtains A620/520Value, carries out data point
Analysis, builds the collection of illustrative plates of different proteins and draws LDA figures.Result shows, can completely distinguish 12 kinds of albumen of 50nM (final concentration)
(Fig. 4).
The specific method of imaging technique is as follows：
In ultra-pure water, add 13nm AuNPs (100 μ L), plus 50 μ L0.5 μM albumen, be incubated 30min, Ran Houfen
The 0mM of 50 μ L, the NaCl of 5mM, 10mM, 15mM, 20mM, plus 300 μ L ultra-pure waters are not added, 10min is incubated, and take 200 μ L difference
In adding to 96 orifice plates, and be decorated with the lower section laying size identical edge of 96 orifice plate radius 0.5cm bullet it is white
One, paper, mutually unifies by by the rgb value of bullet under different shooting conditions with the rgb value of blank sample picture bullet, with
Avoid light difference, by 96 orifice plate horizontal positioneds, the vertical direction with smart mobile phone in 96 orifice plates is shot, mobile lens with
The vertical range of 96 orifice plates is 12cm.
Data processing is carried out to the rgb value that mobile phone imaging is obtained, each sample does 6 repetitions, averages, and be based on
Rgb value utilizes software I BM SPSS Statistics 16, and draws corresponding using software Adobe Photoshop C6
Chromaticity difference diagram, so as to be made a distinction to 12 kinds of albumen.
The practical application of the protein detection of embodiment 2
To prove the feasibility of the sensor array of embodiment 1, in the urine of 1 times of Healthy People of dilution, to the 12 of 200nM
Kind of albumen is detected, because of the NaCl containing about 155mM in human urine, therefore urine is diluted respectively 6 times, 3 times, 2 times and
1.5 times realizing the NaCl concentration needed for sensing unit.100 μ L are separately added into AuNPs to 200 μ L containing 1 μM of testing protein
6 times of the dilution of matter, 3 times, 2 times, 1.5 times of Healthy People urine, add 200 μ L ultra-pure waters, are incubated 30min, ultraviolet detection, knot
Fruit shows, can distinguish completely (Fig. 5).Correspond to the chromaticity difference diagram of 200nM multiple proteins in actual sample using sensor array
See Fig. 6 with mobile phone shooting figure.
It is follow-up to have carried out HSA, the detection of quantitative and its mixture of Lys respectively again.Mobile phone under complex background is clapped
Taking the photograph figure carries out PS absorption color treatments, and mobile phone shoots equal establishing shot distance (vertical range is 12cm), by background bullet
Value ensure the accuracy of experimental data to remove light differential.HCA treatment is carried out to rgb value, as a result display can be complete
The whole district's point 12 kinds of albumen, realize quantifying for HAS, Lys and its mixture, illustrates that the feasibility that mobile phone shoots to detect albumen (is schemed
7, Fig. 8).
The present invention, as sensing unit, greatly reduces cost, with operation using only the salt and nm of gold of various concentrations
Simply, fast response time, it is highly sensitive the advantages of, under the induction of various concentrations salt and protein, nanogold particle aggregation extent
Difference, the response signal of sensing system is processed using smart mobile phone, is conducive to simplifying the treatment of signal and is shortened analysis time, will
The colorimetric sensor array can significantly be promoted for the actual application value of protein detection, will be detected in scarcity of resources and place
Deng having broad application prospects for field.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments,
On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications or improvements, belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. based on colorimetric sensor array and mobile phone combination detection method of protein, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
The preparation of S1, nanogold particle：It is obtained by reduction of sodium citrate gold chloride, the mol ratio of gold chloride and sodium citrate is
3.5-3.8:1, the average grain diameter of nanogold particle is 13-18nm in resulting solution；
The preparation of S2, protein-nano-Au composite：To being separately added into 50 μ in the above-mentioned μ L of solution 100 containing nanogold particle
12 kinds of protein of 0.5 μM of L, are incubated 30min, obtain different protein-nano-Au composites；Wherein, 12 kinds of albumen
Matter includes Try, Hem, BSA, HSA, Pep, Lys, EA, HRP, TRF, Cyt-C, IgG and Con-A；
The preparation of S3, the nanogold particle coagulation system of Salt treatment：To being separately added into 50 in every kind of protein-nano-Au composite
The NaCl solution of μ L various concentrations gradients, is subsequently adding 300 μ L ultra-pure waters, is incubated 10min, forms receiving for different salinity inductions
Rice gold grain coagulation system；Wherein, the concentration range of NaCl solution is 0~100mM；Preferred concentration gradient be 0mM, 5mM,
10mM, 15mM and 20mM；
The structure of S4, protein profiling：Using the coagulation system of step S3 as sensing unit, obtain different using spectral technique
Response optical signalling, and the collection of illustrative plates of different proteins is built based on absorbance, and draw LDA figures using software SYSTAT 13；
Or,
Using the coagulation system of step S3 as sensing unit, different response optical signallings are obtained using imaging technique, and be based on
Rgb value draws the corresponding HCA figures of different proteins using software I BM SPSS Statistics 16, and utilizes software
Adobe Photoshop C6 draw corresponding chromaticity difference diagram；
S5, nanogold particle is prepared according to S1, to the testing protein that M1 concentration is added in the μ L of solution 100 containing nanogold particle
Matter solution, adds 300 μ L ultra-pure waters, after being incubated 30min, optical signalling is obtained using spectral technique, substitutes into software described in S4
In SYSTAT 13, result is shown according to LDA figures, testing protein is identified；Or,
To the testing protein solution that M1 concentration is added in the μ L of solution 100 containing nanogold particle, 300 μ L are added ultrapure
Water, after being incubated 30min, optical signalling is obtained using imaging technique, substitutes into software I BM SPSS Statistics 16 described in S4
In software Adobe Photoshop C6, result is shown according to HCA figures and chromaticity difference diagram, testing protein is identified.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step S5,0.5 μM≤M1≤1 μM.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in step S5, M1 is 0.5 μM.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that obtain light using spectral technique or imaging technique in step S5
The concrete operations of signal are learned with step S4.
5. the method according to claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that gather optics using spectral technique in step S4
The concrete operations of signal are as follows：Coagulation system to step S3 carries out uv-spectrophotometric detection, obtains A620/520Value, builds not
With protein collection of illustrative plates and draw LDA scheme.
6. the method according to claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that gather optics using imaging technique in step S4
The concrete operations of signal are as follows：The coagulation system of step S3 is respectively taken during 200 μ L add to 96 orifice plates respectively, and in 96 orifice plate
Lower section laying size identical edge be decorated with radius 0.5cm bullet a piece of paper, by by under different shooting conditions
The rgb value of bullet is mutually unified with the rgb value of blank sample picture bullet, to avoid light difference；96 orifice plate levels are put
Put, the vertical direction with smart mobile phone in 96 orifice plates is shot, the vertical range of mobile lens and 96 orifice plates is 12cm；
Data processing is carried out to the rgb value that mobile phone imaging is obtained, and software I BM SPSS Statistics are utilized based on rgb value
16 draw the corresponding HCA figures of different proteins, and draw corresponding chromaticity difference diagram using software Adobe Photoshop C6.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that each mobile phone shoots equal establishing shot distance.
8. application of any one of the claim 1-7 methods described in urine sample Protein Detection, it is characterised in that prepared according to S1 and received
Rice gold grain, to be separately added into the μ L of solution 200 containing nanogold particle 100 μ L containing M1 ' concentration testing proteins dilution 6
Again, 3 times, 2 times, 1.5 times of Healthy People urine, add 200 μ L ultra-pure waters, after being incubated 30min, using spectral technique or imaging
Technical limit spacing optical signalling, substitutes into software described in S4, according to graphical results, testing protein is identified；
Wherein, 0.1 μM≤M1 '≤100 μM, preferably M1 ' is 1 μM.
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| CN107941794A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-04-20 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of more flux rapid detection systems of human albumin concentration and method |
| CN108489973A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-09-04 | 太原理工大学 | The quantitative testing device and its detection method to concentration are realized based on P integrated with scanner |
| CN109254000A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-01-22 | 太原理工大学 | Array urine multiple determination apparatus and method based on smart machine colorimetric analysis |
| WO2020253464A1 (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2020-12-24 | 北京科技大学 | Nucleic acid quantitative analysis method based on intelligent device assistance and applications thereof |
| CN110501329A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-26 | 深圳市深链云技术服务有限公司 | Than colour pattern chemical sensor array, the method for detecting metal ion, and the method for evaluation and optimization sensor array |
| CN110987915A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-04-10 | 泸州品创科技有限公司 | Method for rapidly identifying Chinese liquor based on gold nanorod colorimetric sensor array |
| CN112924422A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-08 | 中国药科大学 | Multi-channel array sensor and preparation method and application thereof |
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