CN106706252A - Method for testing insulator vibration fatigue performance - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种绝缘子振动疲劳性能的测试方法。该测试方法包括以下步骤：对待测绝缘子进行机械破坏试验，并根据试验结果确定待测绝缘子的机械破坏力值Fcon；选择与上述步骤中相同的待测绝缘子并对其组成的绝缘子串进行振动疲劳试验，当其中任意一个所述待测绝缘子发生破坏时，确定所述待测绝缘子的振动破坏次数；对振动疲劳试验中未遭到破坏的绝缘子进行机械破坏试验，确定未遭到破坏的绝缘子的机械破坏力值Ff，并根据未遭到破坏的绝缘子的机械破坏力值Ff和待测绝缘子的机械破坏力值Fcon确定待测绝缘子的残余机械强度。本发明能够为绝缘子疲劳性能测试提供关键试验参数的量化考核指标，有利于直接评估绝缘子的振动疲劳性能。
The invention provides a method for testing the vibration fatigue performance of an insulator. The test method includes the following steps: conduct a mechanical damage test on the insulator to be tested, and determine the mechanical destructive force value F con of the insulator to be tested according to the test results; select the same insulator to be tested as in the above steps and vibrate the insulator string composed of it Fatigue test, when any one of the insulators to be tested is damaged, determine the number of vibration damages of the insulators to be tested; perform a mechanical damage test on the insulators that have not been damaged in the vibration fatigue test, and determine the number of insulators that have not been damaged The mechanical destructive force value F f of the undamaged insulator, and the residual mechanical strength of the insulator to be tested is determined according to the mechanical destructive force value F f of the undamaged insulator and the mechanical destructive force value F con of the insulator to be tested. The invention can provide quantified assessment indexes of key test parameters for the fatigue performance test of the insulator, and is beneficial to directly evaluate the vibration fatigue performance of the insulator.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及绝缘子振动疲劳性能测试技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种绝缘子振动疲劳性能的测试方法。The invention relates to the technical field of testing the vibration fatigue performance of insulators, in particular to a testing method for the vibration fatigue performance of insulators.
背景技术Background technique
目前，世界各国直流输电机械负荷等级多为120kN、160kN、210kN、300kN，为了测试绝缘子振动疲劳性能，通常采用传统的微风振动疲劳测试方法，至少开展3000万次振动，耗时较长，并且不能真正反映长期疲劳状态下对绝缘子机械特性的影响。At present, the load levels of direct current transmission machinery in various countries in the world are mostly 120kN, 160kN, 210kN, and 300kN. In order to test the vibration fatigue performance of insulators, the traditional breeze vibration fatigue test method is usually used to carry out at least 30 million vibrations, which takes a long time and cannot It truly reflects the influence of long-term fatigue on the mechanical properties of insulators.
我国所采用的直流输电线路绝缘子多为420kN、550kN，随着高压直流输送容量和电压等级的提高，1250mm2导线的应用，要求绝缘子进行多串并联以满足绝缘子串的强度要求。为减轻串重，简化金具，对更大吨位绝缘子的工程应用提出了新的要求，研发700-840kN大吨位绝缘子已成为迫切需要解决的问题。700-840kN大吨位绝缘子为国内外首次研发，其长期机械疲劳振动性能直接影响了特高压直流输电线路的安全可靠及稳定运行。Most of the DC transmission line insulators used in China are 420kN and 550kN. With the increase of high-voltage DC transmission capacity and voltage level, the application of 1250mm 2 wires requires insulators to be connected in parallel in multiple series to meet the strength requirements of the insulator strings. In order to reduce the string weight and simplify the fittings, new requirements are put forward for the engineering application of larger tonnage insulators. The research and development of 700-840kN large tonnage insulators has become an urgent problem to be solved. The 700-840kN large-tonnage insulator is the first research and development at home and abroad, and its long-term mechanical fatigue vibration performance directly affects the safe, reliable and stable operation of UHV DC transmission lines.
目前采用的微风振动疲劳试验不能真正反映420kN及以上的大吨位绝缘子的长期机械疲劳特性，并且，国内尚没有合适的大吨位绝缘子振动疲劳性能试验方法，也没有大吨位绝缘子振动疲劳性能的测试结果；国外方面，只有针对送电线路上绝缘子所加载荷可能变化的各种情况，例如舞动、覆冰等条件，对绝缘子可变载荷的疲劳性能进行的研究。但只针对小吨位绝缘子进行了疲劳测试，并没有对更大吨位的绝缘子进行疲劳试验，也没有进一步提出相应的试验标准和关键试验参数等量化考核指标，难以直接应用于绝缘子的振动疲劳性能的评估。The breeze vibration fatigue test currently adopted cannot really reflect the long-term mechanical fatigue characteristics of large tonnage insulators of 420kN and above, and there is no suitable test method for vibration fatigue performance of large tonnage insulators in China, nor the test results of vibration fatigue performance of large tonnage insulators In foreign countries, there are only researches on the fatigue performance of insulators with variable loads for various situations in which the loads on insulators on power transmission lines may change, such as galloping, ice coating and other conditions. However, the fatigue test was only carried out for small tonnage insulators, and no fatigue test was carried out for larger tonnage insulators, and no further quantitative assessment indicators such as corresponding test standards and key test parameters were proposed, so it was difficult to directly apply to the vibration fatigue performance of insulators. Evaluate.
发明内容Contents of the invention
鉴于此，本发明提出了一种绝缘子振动疲劳性能的测试方法，旨在解决现有振动疲劳试验方法不适用于大吨位绝缘子疲劳性能的测试且没有提出关键试验参数的量化考核指标导致难以接评估绝缘子振动疲劳性能的问题。In view of this, the present invention proposes a test method for the vibration fatigue performance of insulators, aiming to solve the problem that the existing vibration fatigue test method is not suitable for the test of the fatigue performance of large-tonnage insulators, and the quantitative assessment indicators for key test parameters are not proposed, which makes it difficult to evaluate The problem of vibration fatigue performance of insulators.
一个方面，本发明提出了一种绝缘子振动疲劳性能的测试方法，该方法包括以下步骤：第一机械破坏试验步骤，对待测绝缘子进行机械破坏试验，并根据试验结果确定待测绝缘子的机械破坏力值Fcon；振动疲劳试验步骤，选择与上述步骤中相同的待测绝缘子并对其组成的绝缘子串进行振动疲劳试验，当其中任意一个所述待测绝缘子发生破坏时，确定所述待测绝缘子的振动破坏次数；第二机械破坏试验步骤，对所述振动疲劳试验中未遭到破坏的部分绝缘子进行机械破坏试验，确定所述未遭到破坏的部分绝缘子的机械破坏力值Ff，并根据所述未遭到破坏的部分绝缘子的机械破坏力值Ff和所述待测绝缘子的机械破坏力值Fcon确定所述待测绝缘子的残余机械强度。In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for testing the vibration fatigue performance of an insulator. The method includes the following steps: a first mechanical damage test step, performing a mechanical damage test on the insulator to be tested, and determining the mechanical damage of the insulator to be tested according to the test results value F con ; vibration fatigue test step, select the same insulator to be tested as in the above steps and conduct a vibration fatigue test on the insulator string composed of it, when any one of the insulators to be tested is damaged, determine the insulator to be tested number of times of vibration damage; the second mechanical damage test step is to conduct a mechanical damage test on the undamaged part of the insulator in the vibration fatigue test, and determine the mechanical damage value F f of the undamaged part of the insulator, and The residual mechanical strength of the insulator to be tested is determined according to the mechanical destructive force value F f of the undamaged part of the insulator and the mechanical destructive force value F con of the insulator to be tested.
进一步地，上述绝缘子振动疲劳性能的测试方法中，所述第一机械破坏试验步骤还包括：记录所述待测绝缘子的破坏形态。Further, in the above method for testing the vibration fatigue performance of an insulator, the first mechanical destruction test step further includes: recording the failure form of the insulator to be tested.
进一步地，上述绝缘子振动疲劳性能的测试方法中，所述振动疲劳试验步骤中，对所述绝缘子串施加的振动力为轴向振动力。Further, in the method for testing the vibration fatigue performance of an insulator, in the vibration fatigue test step, the vibration force applied to the insulator string is an axial vibration force.
进一步地，上述绝缘子振动疲劳性能的测试方法中，所述振动疲劳试验步骤中，所述轴向振动力具有预设的波形。Further, in the method for testing the vibration fatigue performance of an insulator, in the vibration fatigue test step, the axial vibration force has a preset waveform.
进一步地，上述绝缘子振动疲劳性能的测试方法中，所述预设波形为正弦波。Further, in the above method for testing the vibration fatigue performance of insulators, the preset waveform is a sine wave.
进一步地，上述绝缘子振动疲劳性能的测试方法中，所述振动疲劳试验中对所述待测绝缘子施加的载荷与所述待测绝缘子的额定载荷具有预设的比例关系。Further, in the above method for testing the vibration fatigue performance of an insulator, the load applied to the insulator under test in the vibration fatigue test has a preset proportional relationship with the rated load of the insulator under test.
进一步地，上述绝缘子振动疲劳性能的测试方法中，所述振动疲劳试验步骤还包括：记录所述绝缘子串中遭到破坏的绝缘子的破坏形态。Further, in the above method for testing the vibration fatigue performance of insulators, the vibration fatigue test step further includes: recording the damage form of the damaged insulators in the insulator string.
进一步地，上述绝缘子振动疲劳性能的测试方法中，所述第二机械破坏试验步骤还包括：记录所述未遭到破坏的部分绝缘子经过机械破坏试验后的破坏形态。Further, in the above method for testing the vibration fatigue performance of an insulator, the second mechanical destruction test step further includes: recording the failure form of the undamaged part of the insulator after the mechanical destruction test.
进一步地，上述绝缘子振动疲劳性能的测试方法中，所述第二机械破坏试验中的所述残余机械强度确定为Ff与Fcon的比值。Further, in the above method for testing the vibration fatigue performance of insulators, the residual mechanical strength in the second mechanical destruction test is determined as the ratio of F f to F con .
进一步地，上述绝缘子振动疲劳性能的测试方法中，在所述第二机械破坏试验步骤之后还包括：陡波试验步骤，对所述振动疲劳试验中剩余的所述未遭到破坏的绝缘子进行陡波试验，获取陡波试验结果。Further, in the above method for testing the vibration fatigue performance of insulators, after the second mechanical destruction test step, it also includes: a steep wave test step, performing a steep wave test on the remaining undamaged insulators in the vibration fatigue test. Wave test to obtain steep wave test results.
本发明中，通过第一机械破坏试验步骤和第二机械破坏试验步骤分别确定的待测绝缘子的机械破坏力值Fcon和处于疲劳状态的部分绝缘子的机械破坏力值Ff，可以得到待测绝缘子的机械残余强度R；通过振动疲劳试验步骤确定待测绝缘子的振动破坏次数；从而为绝缘子疲劳性能测试提供了关键试验参数的量化考核指标，有利于直接评估绝缘子的振动疲劳性能。In the present invention, the mechanical destructive force value F con of the insulator to be tested and the mechanical destructive force value F f of a part of the insulator in a fatigue state respectively determined by the first mechanical destructive test step and the second mechanical destructive test step can be obtained to be tested The mechanical residual strength R of the insulator; the vibration failure times of the insulator to be tested are determined through the vibration fatigue test procedure; thus, the quantitative assessment index of the key test parameters is provided for the insulator fatigue performance test, which is beneficial to directly evaluate the vibration fatigue performance of the insulator.
附图说明Description of drawings
通过阅读下文优选实施方式的详细描述，各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本发明的限制。而且在整个附图中，用相同的参考符号表示相同的部件。在附图中：Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment. The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating a preferred embodiment and are not to be considered as limiting the invention. Also throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to designate the same components. In the attached picture:
图1为本发明实施例提供的绝缘子振动疲劳性能的测试方法的流程图；Fig. 1 is the flowchart of the testing method of the vibration fatigue performance of the insulator provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例提供的绝缘子振动疲劳性能的测试方法的又一流程图。Fig. 2 is another flow chart of the test method for the vibration fatigue performance of an insulator provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的示例性实施例。虽然附图中显示了本公开的示例性实施例，然而应当理解，可以以各种形式实现本公开而不应被这里阐述的实施例所限制。相反，提供这些实施例是为了能够更透彻地理解本公开，并且能够将本公开的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided for more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
参见图1，图中示出了本发明实施例提供的绝缘子振动疲劳性能的测试方法的流程图。如图所示，该方法包括如下步骤：Referring to FIG. 1 , it shows a flow chart of a test method for vibration fatigue performance of an insulator provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the method includes the following steps:
第一机械破坏试验步骤S1，对待测绝缘子进行机械破坏试验，并根据试验结果确定待测绝缘子的机械破坏力值Fcon。In the first mechanical destruction test step S1, a mechanical destruction test is performed on the insulator to be tested, and a mechanical destruction force value F con of the insulator to be tested is determined according to the test result.
具体地，待测绝缘子可以为不同型号的大吨位玻璃绝缘子或瓷绝缘子。具体实施时，可以按照符合GB/T 775.3第5条规定的条件选择玻璃绝缘子，按照符合GB/T 775.3第8条规定的条件选择瓷绝缘子。可以通过本领域技术人员所熟知的机械破坏装置，对待测绝缘子施加机械破坏力，直至待测绝缘子被拉断致损坏。机械破坏装置的数据采集单元会自动记录造成待测绝缘子破坏瞬间机械破坏装置施加的机械破坏力，即：机械破坏力值Fcon。Specifically, the insulators to be tested may be large-tonnage glass insulators or porcelain insulators of different types. During specific implementation, glass insulators can be selected according to the conditions specified in Article 5 of GB/T 775.3, and porcelain insulators can be selected according to the conditions specified in Article 8 of GB/T 775.3. A mechanical destructive force may be applied to the insulator to be tested by means of a mechanical destructive device well known to those skilled in the art until the insulator to be tested is broken and damaged. The data acquisition unit of the mechanical destructive device will automatically record the mechanical destructive force applied by the mechanical destructive device at the moment when the insulator under test is destroyed, ie, the mechanical destructive force value F con .
振动疲劳试验步骤S2，选择与上述步骤中相同的待测绝缘子并对其组成的绝缘子串进行振动疲劳试验，当其中任意一个待测绝缘子发生破坏时，确定待测绝缘子的振动破坏次数。In step S2 of the vibration fatigue test, select the same insulators to be tested as in the above steps and conduct a vibration fatigue test on the insulator strings formed by them. When any one of the insulators to be tested is damaged, determine the number of vibration failures of the insulators to be tested.
具体地，选择与步骤S1中同型号的绝缘子组成绝缘子串，通过振动装置对绝缘子串施加持续变化的振动力，保持该施力状态直至绝缘子串中有一个绝缘子遭到破坏时，试验结束，通过振动装置中的控制单元记录振动力的变化周期的次数，由于绝缘子串中的各个绝缘子的类型相同，可以认为绝缘子串中每个绝缘子的振动破坏次数一样，因此，可以将该变化周期的次数确定为待测绝缘子的振动破坏次数，也就是待测绝缘子的振动疲劳极限。Specifically, select insulators of the same type as those in step S1 to form an insulator string, apply a continuously changing vibration force to the insulator string through the vibration device, and keep the force applied state until one insulator in the insulator string is damaged, the test is over, pass The control unit in the vibration device records the number of cycles of vibration force change. Since the types of insulators in the insulator string are the same, it can be considered that the number of vibration damages of each insulator in the insulator string is the same. Therefore, the number of cycle changes can be determined is the number of vibration failures of the insulator to be tested, that is, the vibration fatigue limit of the insulator to be tested.
第二机械破坏试验步骤S3，对振动疲劳试验中未遭到破坏的部分绝缘子进行机械破坏试验，确定未遭到破坏的部分绝缘子的机械破坏力值Ff，并根据未遭到破坏的部分绝缘子的机械破坏力值Ff和待测绝缘子的机械破坏力值Fcon确定待测绝缘子的残余机械强度。The second mechanical damage test step S3 is to conduct a mechanical damage test on the undamaged part of the insulators in the vibration fatigue test, determine the mechanical damage value F f of the undamaged part of the insulators, and according to the undamaged part of the insulator The mechanical destructive force value F f of the insulator to be tested and the mechanical destructive force value F con of the insulator to be tested determine the residual mechanical strength of the insulator to be tested.
具体地，可以将振动疲劳试验中未遭到破坏的绝缘子视为处于疲劳状态的绝缘子，将处于疲劳状态的一部分绝缘子按照步骤S1的流程，进行机械破坏试验，记录该处于疲劳状态的部分绝缘子的机械破坏力值Ff，并且可以将Ff与Fcon的比值确定为待测绝缘子的残余机械强度R。具体实施时，可以从处于疲劳状态的绝缘子选取一个绝缘子进行机械破坏试验，确定该绝缘子的机械破坏力值Ff，通过该绝缘子的机械破坏力值Ff和步骤S1中待测绝缘子的机械破坏力值Fcon确定待测绝缘子的残余机械强度R；也可以从处于疲劳状态的绝缘子中选取多个绝缘子一一进行机械破坏试验，将得到的各个绝缘子的机械破坏力值取平均值得到Ff，再将Ff与Fcon的比值确定为待测绝缘子的残余机械强度R。Specifically, insulators that are not damaged in the vibration fatigue test can be regarded as insulators in a fatigue state, and a part of the insulators in a fatigue state are subjected to a mechanical damage test according to the process of step S1, and the insulators in a fatigue state are recorded. The mechanical destructive force value F f , and the ratio of F f to F con can be determined as the residual mechanical strength R of the insulator to be tested. In specific implementation, one insulator can be selected from the insulators in the fatigue state to carry out the mechanical failure test, and the mechanical failure value F f of the insulator can be determined, and the mechanical failure value F f of the insulator and the mechanical failure of the insulator to be tested in step S1 can be determined. The force value F con determines the residual mechanical strength R of the insulator to be tested; it is also possible to select multiple insulators from the insulators in the fatigue state to carry out the mechanical failure test one by one, and take the average value of the mechanical failure force of each insulator to obtain F f , and then determine the ratio of F f to F con as the residual mechanical strength R of the insulator to be tested.
试验时，可以将上述待测绝缘子的机械破坏力值Fcon、待测绝缘子的振动破坏次数、未遭到破坏的部分绝缘子的机械破坏力值Ff和待测绝缘子的残余机械强度R等参数与各参数的预设标准值进行比对，可以认为当其中有两个以上的参数与对应参数的预设标准值相符合时，认为该待测绝缘子的抗振动疲劳性能合格，例如，如果新研制的大吨位绝缘子能满足上述条件，即可认为该大吨位绝缘子可以达到工程应用的要求。具体实施时，可以根据实际应用环境确定待测绝缘子的合格标准，本实施例对其不做任何限定。需要说明的是，各参数的预设标准值也可以根据实际情况进行选择，本实施例对其不做任何限定。During the test, parameters such as the mechanical destructive force value F con of the insulator to be tested, the number of vibration damages of the insulator to be tested, the mechanical destructive force value F f of the undamaged part of the insulator, and the residual mechanical strength R of the insulator to be tested can be used Compared with the preset standard value of each parameter, it can be considered that when more than two parameters are consistent with the preset standard value of the corresponding parameter, the anti-vibration fatigue performance of the insulator to be tested is considered qualified. For example, if the new If the developed large-tonnage insulator can meet the above conditions, it can be considered that the large-tonnage insulator can meet the requirements of engineering applications. During specific implementation, the qualified standard of the insulator to be tested can be determined according to the actual application environment, which is not limited in this embodiment. It should be noted that the preset standard value of each parameter may also be selected according to the actual situation, which is not limited in this embodiment.
可以看出，本实施例中，通过第一机械破坏试验步骤和第二机械破坏试验步骤分别确定的待测绝缘子的机械破坏力值Fcon和处于疲劳状态的部分绝缘子的机械破坏力值Ff，可以得到待测绝缘子的机械残余强度R；通过振动疲劳试验步骤确定待测绝缘子的振动破坏次数；从而为绝缘子疲劳性能测试提供了关键试验参数的量化考核指标，有利于直接评估绝缘子的振动疲劳性能，解决了现有振动疲劳试验方法没有提出关键试验参数的量化考核指标导致难以接评估绝缘子振动疲劳性能的问题。It can be seen that in this embodiment, the mechanical destructive force value F con of the insulator to be tested and the mechanical destructive force value F f of a part of the insulator in a fatigue state determined by the first mechanical destructive test step and the second mechanical destructive test step respectively , the mechanical residual strength R of the insulator to be tested can be obtained; the vibration failure times of the insulator to be tested can be determined through the vibration fatigue test procedure; thus, the quantitative assessment index of the key test parameters is provided for the insulator fatigue performance test, which is beneficial to directly evaluate the vibration fatigue of the insulator It solves the problem that the existing vibration fatigue test method does not propose quantitative assessment indicators for key test parameters, which makes it difficult to directly evaluate the vibration fatigue performance of insulators.
上述实施例中，第一机械破坏试验步骤S1还可以包括记录待测绝缘子的破坏形态，振动疲劳试验S2步骤还可以包括记录绝缘子串中遭到破坏的绝缘子的破坏形态，第二机械破坏试验步骤S3还可以包括记录未遭到破坏的部分绝缘子经过机械破坏试验后的破坏形态。具体地，可以通过机械破坏装置记录不同型号、不同吨位的待测绝缘子在机械破坏试验后发生破坏的形态，例如钢脚端断裂、铁帽断裂等；通过振动装置记录振动疲劳试验中遭到破坏的绝缘子的破坏形态，例如钢脚端断裂、铁帽断裂等；通过机械破坏装置记录部分处于疲劳状态的绝缘子经机械破坏试验后的破坏形态，例如钢脚端断裂、铁帽断裂等。可以看出，通过记录待测绝缘子经过不同试验后的破坏形态，有利于找到待测绝缘子的机械强度较弱的部位，进而促进绝缘子产品振动疲劳性能的改善和提升。In the above embodiment, the first mechanical damage test step S1 may also include recording the damage form of the insulator to be tested, the vibration fatigue test step S2 may also include recording the damage form of the damaged insulator in the insulator string, and the second mechanical damage test step S3 may also include recording the failure form of the undamaged part of the insulator after the mechanical failure test. Specifically, the mechanical damage device can be used to record the damage patterns of insulators of different types and tonnages after the mechanical damage test, such as broken steel feet and iron caps; the vibration device can be used to record the damage in the vibration fatigue test The failure form of the insulator, such as steel foot end fracture, iron cap fracture, etc.; through the mechanical destruction device, record the damage form of some insulators in fatigue state after mechanical failure test, such as steel foot end fracture, iron cap fracture, etc. It can be seen that by recording the damage pattern of the insulator to be tested after different tests, it is beneficial to find the weaker mechanical strength of the insulator to be tested, and then promote the improvement and promotion of the vibration fatigue performance of the insulator product.
上述实施例中，振动疲劳试验步骤S2中，对绝缘子串施加的振动力为轴向振动力。具体地，对绝缘子串施加的振动力的方向与绝缘子串的轴线方向保持一致，例如，对于大吨位悬式盘型绝缘子，对其施加的振动力可以为垂直地面方向的动态力。具体实施时，该轴向振动力可以具有预设的波形。需要说明的是，本实施例中的预设波形可以根据绝缘子串在实际工作环境中所受外部载荷的变化情况来确定，例如正弦波、三角波、方波、半正弦波、半三角波、半方波、斜波或冲击波等，本实施例对其不做任何限定。In the above embodiment, in step S2 of the vibration fatigue test, the vibration force applied to the insulator string is an axial vibration force. Specifically, the direction of the vibration force applied to the insulator string is consistent with the axis direction of the insulator string. For example, for a large-tonnage suspension disc insulator, the vibration force applied to it can be a dynamic force perpendicular to the ground. During specific implementation, the axial vibration force may have a preset waveform. It should be noted that the preset waveform in this embodiment can be determined according to the change of the external load on the insulator string in the actual working environment, such as sine wave, triangular wave, square wave, half sine wave, half triangular wave, half square wave, ramp wave or shock wave, etc., which are not limited in this embodiment.
可以看出，通过对绝缘子串施加具有预设波形的轴向振动力，能模拟各种工况下的大吨位绝缘子振动情况，从而测得振动疲劳状态对大吨位绝缘子机械性能的影响。It can be seen that by applying an axial vibration force with a preset waveform to the insulator string, the vibration of large-tonnage insulators under various working conditions can be simulated, and the influence of vibration fatigue state on the mechanical properties of large-tonnage insulators can be measured.
优选地，上述预设波形为正弦波。具体地，可以根据正弦波的变化周期数量确定待测绝缘子的振动破坏次数。具体实施时，正弦振动的频率需要根据绝缘子不同地区的具体振动情况来确定。例如，840kN和420kN绝缘子的振动频率可以设置为6.7Hz。由于绝缘子串在实际环境中受到的外部振动力的变化趋于正弦波形式。因此，当对绝缘子串施加正弦波形式的轴向振动力时，试验结果会更接近实际情况。Preferably, the above preset waveform is a sine wave. Specifically, the number of vibration damages of the insulator to be tested can be determined according to the number of changing cycles of the sine wave. During specific implementation, the frequency of sinusoidal vibration needs to be determined according to the specific vibration conditions in different regions of the insulator. For example, the vibration frequency of 840kN and 420kN insulators can be set to 6.7Hz. The change of the external vibration force of the insulator string in the actual environment tends to be in the form of a sine wave. Therefore, when the axial vibration force in the form of a sine wave is applied to the insulator string, the test results will be closer to the actual situation.
上述各实施例中，振动疲劳试验中对待测绝缘子施加的载荷与待测绝缘子的额定载荷具有预设的比例关系。具体地，由于线路上绝缘子工作载荷不超过其额定载荷的30％，同时考虑到振动疲劳试验中的幅值变化与额定负载的偏差也在一定范围内，因此，振动疲劳试验中对待测绝缘子施加的载荷可以为绝缘子额定载荷的30％±k％(0<k<10)，其中，k值可以根据待测绝缘子和振动疲劳试验的具体情况进行确定，例如，对于840kN和420kN的绝缘子，k的取值为7.5。In the above embodiments, the load applied to the insulator under test in the vibration fatigue test has a preset proportional relationship with the rated load of the insulator under test. Specifically, since the working load of the insulator on the line does not exceed 30% of its rated load, and considering that the deviation between the amplitude change and the rated load in the vibration fatigue test is also within a certain range, the insulator to be tested in the vibration fatigue test is applied The load can be 30%±k% of the rated load of the insulator (0<k<10), where the k value can be determined according to the specific conditions of the insulator to be tested and the vibration fatigue test, for example, for 840kN and 420kN insulators, k The value of is 7.5.
可以看出，该振动疲劳试验方法，能针对不同型号的绝缘子设置不同的振动载荷，使得试验结果更加准确。It can be seen that the vibration fatigue test method can set different vibration loads for different types of insulators, making the test results more accurate.
参见图2，上述各实施例中，在第二机械破坏试验步骤S3之后还包括：陡波试验步骤S4，对振动疲劳试验中剩余的未遭到破坏的绝缘子进行陡波试验，获取陡波试验结果。具体地，可以从剩余的处于疲劳状态的绝缘子中选取一个或多个绝缘子，分别按照GB/T20642规定的幅值法进行陡波试验，从而得知剩余的未遭到破坏的绝缘子是否能够通过陡波试验。Referring to Fig. 2, in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, after the second mechanical damage test step S3, it also includes: a steep wave test step S4, performing a steep wave test on the remaining undamaged insulators in the vibration fatigue test to obtain the steep wave test step S4. result. Specifically, one or more insulators can be selected from the remaining insulators in the fatigue state, and the steep wave test is carried out according to the amplitude method specified in GB/T20642, so as to know whether the remaining undamaged insulators can pass through the steep wave test. wave test.
可以看出，通过陡波试验能进一步检测出待测绝缘子的缺陷，为绝缘子振动疲劳特性提供又一试验参数，能够更全面地评估绝缘子的疲劳性能。It can be seen that the defects of the insulator to be tested can be further detected through the steep wave test, which provides another test parameter for the vibration fatigue characteristics of the insulator, and can evaluate the fatigue performance of the insulator more comprehensively.
综上所述，本实施例中提供的绝缘子振动疲劳性能的测试方法，为绝缘子疲劳性能测试提供了关键试验参数的量化考核指标，有利于直接评估绝缘子的振动疲劳性能。In summary, the test method for the vibration fatigue performance of insulators provided in this embodiment provides quantitative assessment indicators for key test parameters for insulator fatigue performance testing, which is beneficial to directly evaluate the vibration fatigue performance of insulators.
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.
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