CN106703741A - Rubber sleeve with large-diameter top and bottom ends, packer and bridge plug - Google Patents
Rubber sleeve with large-diameter top and bottom ends, packer and bridge plug Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106703741A CN106703741A CN201611123438.4A CN201611123438A CN106703741A CN 106703741 A CN106703741 A CN 106703741A CN 201611123438 A CN201611123438 A CN 201611123438A CN 106703741 A CN106703741 A CN 106703741A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- sealing ring
- packing element
- ring
- filament
- wire
- Prior art date
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- Pending
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 262
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 199
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 82
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001617 Vinyon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005297 material degradation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/1208—Packers; Plugs characterised by the construction of the sealing or packing means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/128—Packers; Plugs with a member expanded radially by axial pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like
- E21B33/134—Bridging plugs
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of sealing, in particular to a rubber sleeve with large-diameter top and bottom ends, a packer and a bridge plug. The rubber sleeve, the packer and the bridge plug are capable of bearing high temperature and high pressure and are applicable to oil exploitation industries. The rubber sleeve is coated with graphite layers, and comprises metal wire sealing rings and cellosilk sealing rings; all the metal wire sealing rings are coated with first graphite layers, all the cellosilk sealing rings are coated with second graphite layers, and diameters of hard sealing rings at the upper end and hard sealing rings at the lower end are all larger than those of the metal wire sealing rings and the cellosilk sealing rings. In this way, in the process of sinking the graphite layers to a shaft bottom or delivering the graphite layers, the graphite layers with which the outer side surfaces of the metal wire sealing rings and cellosilk sealing rings are coated can be protected by the hard sealing rings with larger diameters at the upper end and the lower end, and thus the damages to the graphite layers are prevented.
Description
Technical field
The application is related to field of sealing technology, and what is used in more particularly to a kind of oil exploitation industry can bear HTHP
The packing element that upper and lower ends are relatively large in diameter.
Background technology
Packer is a kind of key tool that oil field well recovers the oil, and is widely used in oil field dispensing, separate zone stimulation, layering and adopts
The several work such as oil, mechanical pipe water blockoff, packer needs to carry out the packing of annular space, to realize that oil gas is layered, and realizes annular space
The core component of packing is packing element.Bridging plug is also a kind of instrument of oil gas layering commonly used in oil extraction operation.Packer and
The main distinction of bridging plug is, packer be usually pressure break, be acidified, look for the measure such as Lou to construct when it is temporary transient stay in well, and bridge
Plug is temporarily or permanently stayed in well in measures such as sealing oil recoveries.Packer and central tube stay well simultaneously, mix that give up can
Individually to stay well, and bridging plug is then individually to stay well.Structurally, packer is hollow structure, can flow freely oil gas water,
And in bridging plug it is then solid construction.
Used as the instrument of Oil-gas Separation, packer and bridging plug are required for packing element, and packing element is used as the critical component for sealing, its matter
Amount directly affects the sealing effectiveness and service life of packer and bridging plug, and conclusive effect is played in packer and bridging plug.
Packing element is typically made of rubber type of material, therefore referred to as packing element.But packing element is only the technology art that agreement becomes social custom in a kind of industry
Language, the functional parts of sealing function are played for representing, and referring not only to packing element can only be made by rubber.When packing element bears one
, it is necessary to consider packing element deformability in itself when fixed pressure is to promote its deformation for sealing, if deformation deficiency can cause it
Sealing function cannot be played；If deformation is excessive, packing element may be caused to be failed because of conquassation, lose recovery capability.Most of all,
When packing element is acted in underground by high-temperature steam, packing element is acted on while being more and be subject to HTHP and failing causes to lose
Go recovery capability.
9th phase in 2002《Petroleum machinery》Disclose《Packer compresses packing element " protrusion-dispelling " new construction》, wherein recording
Following content：" so-called protrusion-dispelling, exactly lays certain blocker ring, support member, limits device and guard member etc. in packing element end, uses
Packing element is protruded or flowed towards oil sets annular space when preventing and limiting packer setting "." because anti-lug structure is for covering
Annular gap between packer and sleeve pipe, during packer setting, once packing element deformation is contacted with casing wall, under load effect outside,
The outburst prevention device just unfolded annular space covered between packer and casing wall, prevents packing element towards prominent in this annular space, forces the packing element to be in
Respectively to uniform compression, packing element contact stress higher is produced and keeps, so as to obtain good sealing "." ... mainly have
Copper bowl curing type and two kinds of steel mesh or steel band curing type.The former is that the thick copper bowls of two 2mm are solidificated in into two end packing elements respectively
On certain end face, the latter is that the steel mesh or steel band of thick 1mm or so are solidificated on two end packing element end faces respectively ".
2013 first-phase《Oil field equipment》Disclose《Packer rubber barrel structure is improved and benefit analysis》Text
Chapter, wherein recording herein below：" string has 3 packing elements on conventional packer, is divided into the packing element physical dimension of upper, middle and lower 3
Identical and upper lower rubber cylinder is long packing element type, middle packing element is 2 kinds of structure types of short rubber cylinder.Sent out by the research to traditional three packing elements structure
Existing, play main seal is upper packing element ".Also, carry out non-linear point by non linear finite element analysis software Abaqus
Analysis draws：" as axial load increases, axial compression amount also increases, and decrement increase is more apparent during beginning, and subsequent decrement increases
Slow down greatly, packing element deformation tends towards stability；With the increase of setting force, packing element gradually increases with casing-contact length.Packing element appearance
Cylinder partial limited radial deformation system, packing element inner surface deforms the outward bulge as appearance, and when load increases, packing element is crushed
And be compacted finally.But due to structure limitation, only going up packing element can be compacted.When operating pressure is 30MPa, upper packing element base
There is slight shoulder in this completely densified, packing element upper end, but packing element does not occur isolates phenomenon, and shoulder is within allowed band ".
The first phase in 2009《Oil field equipment》In《The improvement of high-pressure packer cartridge》In think " due to rubber
Glue top layer is easily torn, therefore consideration adds layer of metal piece (such as copper sheet) on the top layer of rubber ".
But, above-mentioned prior art only analyzes the first axial compressive force of applying (equivalent to " axial load ") to packing element deformation
Influence.But, it is necessary to apply top-down first axial compressive force first to packing element to make glue in actual production process
Cylinder produces preliminary sealing, and then packing element applies the second axial compressive force that can be subject to from bottom to top (material such as downhole gas is to packing element
Impact).According to the experiment of inventor, when the first axial compressive force is 30MPa, inventor has found that almost all of packing element all can
There is shoulder, when further applying a second axial pressure (such as 15MPa or 20MPa), all of packing element can be at shoulder
Generation is isolated, and causes seal failure.
Further, inventor also found, though the sealing that packing element can be of short duration when pressure is applied a second axial, but well
When the materials such as spirit body impact to packing element, the small molecule of the high temperature and high pressure steam being contained therein can be to the packing element of macromolecular material
Degradation is produced, causes packing element to be followed the string in bottom first and sealing function cannot be played, and then in the centre of packing element
Portion also produces degraded and follows the string, and it is long-lasting that influence packing element is sealed.
The content of the invention
One purpose of the application is the drop for providing a kind of packing element of new structure design to prevent or reduce packing element
Solution.
According to the one side of the application, there is provided the packing element that a kind of upper and lower ends are relatively large in diameter, with positioned at the logical of center
It is hole, the inner surface positioned at the through hole outer surface corresponding with the inner surface, upper positioned at the packing element two ends respectively
End and bottom and the pars intermedia between the upper end and the bottom, the upper end are used to bear along axle
To first axial compressive force in direction, the bottom is used to bear opposite with first axial compressive force along the axial direction
The second axial compressive force；When first axial compressive force puts on the upper end, the upper end, pars intermedia and bottom
Deformed upon in radial direction；When second axial compressive force puts on the bottom, the upper end, pars intermedia and
Bottom deforms upon in the radial direction, and the packing element is included in the more than one metal of the axial direction arrangement
Silk sealing ring and more than one filament sealing ring, one of those described wire sealing ring and fibre one of those described
Dimension silk sealing ring is inconsistent and is arranged on the lower section of the filament sealing ring；
The wire sealing ring includes cross one another many one metal wires and each wire bonds together
Colloid；
The plurality of fibers silk of the filament sealing ring including cross one another high temperature high voltage resistant and by each fiber
The colloid that silk bonds together；
The upper end of the packing element sets a hard sealing ring to serve as the upper end of the packing element, the packing element
Lower end sets another described hard sealing ring to serve as the bottom of the packing element；
The first graphite linings are coated outside the wire sealing ring, it is close that first graphite linings at least coat the wire
The lateral surface of seal ring；
The second graphite linings are coated outside the filament sealing ring, it is close that second graphite linings at least coat the filament
The lateral surface of seal ring；
The hard sealing ring of upper end is all higher than the wire sealing with the diameter of the hard sealing ring of lower end
The diameter of the diameter of ring and the filament sealing ring.
Preferably, first graphite linings coat lateral surface, the upper surface and lower surface of the wire sealing ring, institute
State lateral surface, upper surface and lower surface that the second graphite linings coat the filament sealing ring；Or
First graphite linings coat lateral surface, medial surface, the upper surface and lower surface of the wire sealing ring, institute
State lateral surface, medial surface, upper surface and lower surface that the second graphite linings coat the filament sealing ring.
Preferably, the outside of first graphite linings and second graphite linings is coated with protective layer, the protective layer
It is destroyed in high temperature and liquefies or be cured as slag.
Preferably, the first inconsistent spacer ring is provided with below one of those described wire sealing ring, with the gold
Be provided with the second inconsistent spacer ring above the category inconsistent filament sealing ring of silk sealing ring, described first every
The hardness of ring and second spacer ring is all higher than the hardness of the wire sealing ring and the filament sealing ring；
Also, it is not provided with spacer ring between the wire sealing ring and its inconsistent filament sealing ring.
Preferably, first spacer ring and second spacer ring are metal material.
Preferably, first spacer ring and second spacer ring are aluminium material；
The thickness of first spacer ring is D1, and the thickness of second spacer ring is D2, and 4mm≤D1≤6mm, 4mm≤
D2≤6mm。
Preferably, the thickness of first spacer ring is 5mm.
Preferably, the thickness of second spacer ring is 5mm.
Preferably, first spacer ring and second spacer ring are iron material matter；
The thickness of first spacer ring is D1, and the thickness of second spacer ring is D2, and 2mm≤D1≤4mm, 2mm≤
D2≤4mm。
Preferably, the thickness of first spacer ring and second spacer ring is 3mm.
The hard sealing ring is graphite-seal ring, and the graphite-seal ring includes the carbon of cross one another high temperature high voltage resistant
Filament and the graphite that each carbon fiber wire bonds together.
It is further preferred that the graphite-seal ring is coated with copper sheet.
According to further aspect of the application, there is provided a kind of packer, the packer has one of above-mentioned technical proposal institute
The packing element of restriction.
According to another aspect of the application, there is provided there is a kind of bridging plug, the bridging plug one of above-mentioned technical proposal to be limited
Packing element.
The technical scheme that the application is provided at least has the following technical effect that：
1st, according to the technical scheme of the application, the hardness of the hardness more than pars intermedia of upper end is so subject in upper end
During the first axial compressive force, upper end is more not for itself by the first axial pressure transmission to pars intermedia and bottom
Radial deformation.Pars intermedia and bottom can be so allowed to occur radially to become when using less first axial compressive force
Shape, the sealing overall so as to reach packing element.
2nd, according to the technical scheme of the application, in the case where the hardness of pars intermedia is constant, the application is by the hard of upper end
Degree is set greater than the hardness of pars intermedia, and so when being acted on by the first axial compressive force of formed objects, upper end is radially
The deformation in direction is smaller, it is accordingly required in particular to it is noted that the shoulder that correspondingly upper end is formed by radial deformation is also smaller.It is smaller
Shoulder can effectively prevent packing element from isolating, reached the effect for preventing packing element seal failure.
3rd, in one embodiment, when filametntary quantity is more, filament sealing ring is partially hard, when filametntary quantity
Filament sealing ring is partially soft when less, and the soft or hard journey of filament sealing ring can be thus adjusted according to filametntary quantity
Degree, wire sealing ring is also such.So can be by changing the hardness of filament sealing ring or wire sealing ring come straight
Connect and change the overall hardness of packing element, reach the purpose of the compression strength scope for increasing packing element.Also, when packing element is subject to first axially
Pressure and when expanding, filament or wire will limit the expansion, so as to increase the structural rigidity of packing element on the whole, increase glue
The compression strength of cylinder.
4th, multiple sealing rings (wire sealing ring, filament sealing ring and hard sealing ring) of the application are axially arranged,
If there are indivedual sealing rings to damage during oil exploitation, the sealing ring of damage can be replaced by new sealing ring, and remaining
Sealing ring is no longer changed.So on the whole for, increased the average use duration of single sealing ring, glue can be greatly reduced
The usage amount of cylinder, reduces production cost.
5th, when colloid and graphite packing or carbon fiber plate root are combined into as filament sealing ring, packing can integrally be played
Supporting role, and colloid can play a part of to deform and seal to strengthen.The application is from existing packing rather than separately makes, energy
Enough flexibilities for increasing production.According to the inventors knowledge, existing graphite packing and carbon fiber packing can tolerate HTHP
Effect, but the resilience of graphite packing and carbon fiber packing is poor.In this application, colloidal dispersions are among packing,
Colloid contributes to the packing for being compressed to carry out resilience after one axial compressive force disappears, so as to be conducive to packing element to be taken out from underground.
6th, when the wire sealing ring of the application is arranged on the lower section of filament sealing ring, wire sealing ring because with center
The friction of pipe and/or sleeve pipe can reduce the second axial compressive force from bottom to top for passing to filament sealing ring, and shoulder is produced
A big chunk reason be that the second axial compressive force is excessive, so this design can reduce or prevent the generation of shoulder.
7th, in one embodiment of the application, in order to prevent high temperature and high pressure steam to the degraded of packing element or other gases pair
Packing element corrosion, it is necessary to packing element contact with downhole gas place all coated graphite layer come prevent or reduces corrode and degraded,
But in order to prevent the generation of shoulder, it is necessary to the upper and lower end parts of packing element are the metal for not being afraid of corrosion and degraded, especially corrosion resistant
Erosion and the copper of degraded.So the application is only to pars intermedia coated graphite layer, the packing element of this spline structure can either prevent the hair of shoulder
It is raw, packing element is prevented from again to be occurred to degrade when long-time is used and corrode.
8th, in one embodiment of the application, the hard sealing ring of upper end and the hard sealing ring of lower end
Diameter is all higher than the diameter of the wire sealing ring and the diameter of the filament sealing ring, is so coated on wire sealing
The hard sealing that the graphite linings of ring and filament sealing ring lateral surface can be relatively large in diameter in shaft bottom and transportation is sunk to
Ring is protected in upper and lower end parts, it is therefore prevented that the damage of graphite linings.
Brief description of the drawings
Describe some specific embodiments of the application in detail by way of example, and not by way of limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings hereinafter.
Identical reference denotes same or similar part or part in accompanying drawing.In accompanying drawing：
Fig. 1 is the compression packer comprising packing element and central tube and the position relationship of sleeve pipe of the application one embodiment
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the packing element and central tube and the position relationship schematic diagram of sleeve pipe of the application one embodiment, wherein only showing
A part of packing element, central tube and sleeve pipe；
Fig. 3 shows that the packing element shown in Fig. 2 is applied in the shoulder that produces after the first axial compressive force and central tube and sleeve pipe
Position relationship schematic diagram, does not now also apply a second axial pressure to packing element；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the packing element of the application one embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the sealing ring of the application one embodiment；
Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view of the sealing ring of the application one embodiment；
Fig. 7 is the cross-sectional view of the application one embodiment sealing ring；
Fig. 8 is the cross-sectional view of the sealing ring of the application one embodiment；
Fig. 9 is the cross-sectional view of the sealing ring of the application one embodiment；
Figure 10 is the cross-sectional view of the sealing ring of the application one embodiment；
Figure 11 is the cross-sectional view of the packing element of the not shown through hole of the application one embodiment；
Figure 12 is the structural representation of the packing element of the three-stage according to the application one embodiment.
Reference in figure is as follows：
10- packing elements, 101- outer surfaces, 102- inner surfaces, 103- through holes, 104- upper ends, 105- pars intermedias, 106- lower ends
Portion, 107- shoulders；
108- matrixes, 109- colloids, the copper sheets of 111- first, 111a- inner sides copper sheet, copper sheet on the outside of 111b-, 111c- openings,
111d- upsides copper sheet, 111e- downsides copper sheet, the copper sheets of 112- second, the copper sheets of 113- the 3rd, the graphite linings of 114- second；
30- central tubes；
40- sleeve pipes；
50- rigidity spacer rings, the spacer rings of 51- first, the spacer rings of 52- second, the spacer rings of 53- the 3rd, the spacer rings of 54- the 4th；
70- sealing rings, 71- wire sealing rings, 72- filament sealing rings, 73- graphite-seal rings；
200- compression packers；
The axial directions of A- first；
The axial directions of B- second；
F1- the first axial compressive force；
F2- the second axial compressive force.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter described direction " on ", D score be using Fig. 2 as with reference to describe.
Compression packer 200 as shown in Figure 1 has the packing element 10 of the application.During compression packer 200 is connected to
It is placed on heart pipe 30 in sleeve pipe 40.Compression packer 200 needs that different oil reservoirs, water layer are separated and held in the wellbore
By certain pressure difference, it is desirable to can descend pit shaft precalculated position, packing is tight, can have durability in underground again, it is necessary to when can be smooth
Rise.
As shown in Fig. 2 packing element 10 is located in the annular space that sleeve pipe 40 and central tube 30 are constituted, rigid spacer ring 50 is in axial direction
The first axial compressive force F of (i.e. the first axial direction A) from top to bottom is provided on direction1, can also remove in other embodiments
Rigid spacer ring 50 and by the first axial compressive force F can be applied to packing element 101Other parts replace.As shown in Fig. 2 10 liang of packing element
It is upper end 104 and bottom 106 to hold, and pars intermedia 105 is located between upper end 104 and bottom 106.Upper end 104 is used for
Bear the first axial compressive force F in axial direction1, bottom 106 be used for bear in axial direction with the first axial compressive force F1Phase
The second anti-axial compressive force F2.Used as a part for packing element 10, upper end 104, bottom 106 and pars intermedia 105 should have
It is flexible.As a kind of explanation to elasticity and the restriction of elastic size, as the first axial compressive force F1Put on upper end 104
When, upper end 104, pars intermedia 105 and bottom 106 deform upon in radial direction；As the second axial compressive force F2Put on
During bottom 106, upper end 104, pars intermedia 105 and bottom 106 deform upon in radial direction.Implementing shown in Fig. 2
In example, upper end 104 and bottom 106 are respectively provided with hypotenuse, and the hypotenuse can also be not provided with other embodiments.
As shown in figure 3, inventor has found, when upper end 104 is subject to the first axial compressive force F1When, upper end 104 can produce
Very big shoulder 107, when applying a second axial pressure F again2When, isolated at the shoulder 107 that upper end 104 can in figure 3.
Fig. 3 merely illustrates the upward shoulder for relatively mostly occurring, and the downward shoulder of not shown less generation.
Reduce or prevent the structure design of shoulder 107 describing the application below.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the generally tubular of packing element 10, packing element 10 has the through hole 103 positioned at center, the through hole
103 are limited by inner surface 102 and are formed, and outer surface 101 is located at the outside of the through hole 103 corresponding with inner surface 102.When
One axial compressive force F1The axial compressive force F of upper end 104 or second is acted on along the first axial direction A2Acted on along the second axial direction B
When bottom 106, the entirety of packing element 10 will be axially compressed and be radially expanded and (have with " in deforming upon for radial direction "
Have identical implication), promote the outwardly convex of outer surface 101 and inner surface 102 is inwardly protruding, but be usually outer in sequential
The first partly outwardly convex in surface 101.Applying the first axial compressive force F1Afterwards, the central tube in inner surface 102 and Fig. 1 and Fig. 2
30 sealings, outer surface 101 seals with the sleeve pipe 40 in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.Usually, the space between inner surface 102 and central tube 30
Smaller (almost bonded to each other), and the gap between outer surface 101 and sleeve pipe 40 is larger, because central tube 30 and sleeve pipe 40 are distinguished
The maximum raised size of inner surface 102 and outer surface 101 is defined, so causing the outwardly convex of outer surface 101
Degree is more than the inwardly protruded degree of inner surface 102.
A kind of design for reducing shoulder 107：
As described above, upper end 104, bottom 106 and pars intermedia 105 should have elasticity, but in Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 institutes
Show in embodiment, the hardness of upper end 104 is more than the hardness of pars intermedia 105, that is to say, that upper end 104, bottom 106 are with
Between portion 105 it is elastic of different sizes.So the first axial compressive force F is born in upper end 1041When, pars intermedia 105 is in radial direction
Deformation is more than deformation of the upper end 104 in radial direction.
Due to the hardness of the hardness more than pars intermedia 105 of upper end 104, so it is subject to first axially to press in upper end 104
Power F1When, upper end 104 is more by first axial compressive force F1Pars intermedia 105 and bottom 106 are passed to not for certainly
The radial deformation of body.Can so less first axial compressive force F used1When can pars intermedia 105 and bottom 106 be allowed to send out
Raw radial deformation, so as to reach the sealing of the entirety of packing element 10.Inventor in experiments it is found that, if the hardness of upper end 104 is little
In the hardness of pars intermedia 105, then upper end 104 is by the first axial compressive force F1When, it is more to become for the radial direction of itself
Shape rather than pass to pars intermedia 105 and bottom 106, it is impossible to prevent or reduce shoulder 107 as shown in Figure 3.
According to the technical scheme of the application, in the case where the hardness of pars intermedia 105 is constant, the application is by upper end 104
Hardness be set greater than the hardness of pars intermedia 105, so in the first axial compressive force F by formed objects1During effect, upper end
Portion 104 is smaller in the deformation of radial direction, it is accordingly required in particular to it is noted that correspondingly upper end 104 is formed because of radial deformation
Shoulder 107 is also smaller.Less shoulder 107 can effectively prevent packing element 10 from isolating, and having reached prevents the seal failure of packing element 10
Effect.
Because the radial direction deformation of upper end 104 is smaller, it is likely that ground, now upper end 104 radial direction deformation
Sleeve pipe 40 and central tube 30 are sealed through deficiency, that is to say, that now upper end 104 will no longer play sealing function, and be only
The the first axial compressive force F that will be subject to1Pars intermedia 105 and bottom 106 are passed to, this is the packing element 10 and prior art of the application
Packing element a critically important difference.And, even if the radial direction deformation of upper end 104 is larger and by sleeve pipe 40 and center
Pipe 30 is sealed, and the now sealing of upper end 104 is also only a supplement to the sealing of pars intermedia 105.No matter upper end 104 whether
Play sealing function, setting of the hardness of upper end 104 more than the hardness of pars intermedia 105, it is therefore prevented that shoulder 107 it is excessive caused by
Packing element 10 is isolated, and can also use less first axial compressive force F1Packing element 10 is sealed.
According to the technical scheme of the application, in the case where the hardness of pars intermedia 105 is constant, the application is by upper end 104
Hardness be set greater than the hardness of pars intermedia 105, but so upper end 104 in the first axial compressive force F1May be simultaneously under effect
Do not contacted with sleeve pipe 40 and do not play sealing function.Under this kind of special construction, when so that bottom 106 and pars intermedia 105
Hardness it is essentially identical when, the sealing of the packing element of the application is provided by bottom 106 and pars intermedia 105；When bottom 106 with
When the hardness of upper end 104 is essentially identical, the sealing of the packing element of the application is provided by pars intermedia 105.Such glue of the application
Cylinder 10 is entirely different in the structure for sealing with the packing element of prior art.
As a preferred embodiment, when the outer wall of upper end 104 and the inconsistent inwall of sleeve pipe 40, be more preferably on
During the inner wall sealing of the outer wall of end 104 and sleeve pipe 40, now it is covered in pars intermedia the basic homalographic in the bottom of upper end 104
105 top, upper end 104 and pars intermedia 105 are substantially not present difference in the radial direction, so as to pars intermedia 105 with
The junction of upper end 104 produce it is downward compress effect, prevent or reduce junction to raise up and cause shoulder.
If " being more by first axial compressive force F to reach as described above1Pass to pars intermedia 105 and lower end
Radial deformation of the portion 106 not for itself " and upper end 104 do not produce the effect of shoulder 107, it is possible to use on-deformable
Metal derby, such as iron block.If the diameter of metal derby is smaller, can be produced with the pars intermedia 105 of metal block contact bigger upward
Projection, and if metal derby be relatively large in diameter, in view of the bending situation of sleeve pipe 40, larger metal derby is difficult in sleeve pipe 40
Suitable position is slided into, is especially considering that coasting distance may be when 1 kilometer and the inwall of sleeve pipe 40 have raised debris.And
And larger metal derby is not easy to be detached from sleeve pipe if foreign matter is entered in sleeve pipe 40.On the other hand, packing element 10 from
The lifting force pulled out in sleeve pipe 40 is smaller, metal derby can not be detached from sleeve pipe 40, and lifting force is larger, may damage sleeve pipe
40.Consider, upper end used in this application 104 has elasticity, but needs to be defined the elasticity of upper end 104, i.e.,
The hardness of upper end 104 is more than the hardness of pars intermedia 105, and the diameter that such upper end 104 can do is smaller, convenient in sleeve pipe
Mobile, for example upper end 104 can be identical with the diameter of pars intermedia 105.Because upper end 104 is harder, its own is difficult to be formed
Upward projection or the projection for being formed are smaller, due in compression upper end 104 radial direction gradually extensional and send out
Raw deformation, reduces the space between upper end 104 and sleeve pipe 40, so as to reduce or prevent the upward projection of pars intermedia 105.
In one embodiment, the hardness of bottom 106 more than pars intermedia 105 hardness so that bottom 106 bears the
Two axial compressive force F2When, pars intermedia 105 is more than deformation of the bottom 106 in radial direction in the deformation of radial direction.Based on same
The principle of sample, such structure is prevented from bottom 106 and is bearing the first axial compressive force F1Or the second axial compressive force F2When produce
Life downward projection, and can produced it is downwardly convex in the case of prevent bottom 106 from further bearing second
Axial compressive force F2Shi Zaocheng is raised to become big, and the seal failure of packing element 10 is caused so as to prevent bottom 106 from being isolated.
In another embodiment, upper end 104 is essentially identical with the hardness of bottom 106, that is to say, that upper end
No matter 104 hardness that pars intermedia 105 is all higher than with the hardness of bottom 106, be so subject to the first axial compressive force F1Or second
Axial compressive force F2When, the deformation of pars intermedia 105 is all higher than upper end 104 and bottom 106.Such structure can make pars intermedia
105 quickly reach sealing state, and prevent or reduce upper end 104 with the generation of bottom 106 shoulder.
As shown in Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4 in embodiment, packing element 10 is by upper end 104, bottom 106 and pars intermedia 105 3
It is grouped into.By taking Fig. 4 as an example, in the first axial direction A, that is, on top-down direction, three sealing rings 70 fill respectively
When upper end 104, bottom 106 and pars intermedia 105, but it is more to serve as pars intermedia 105 by least two sealing rings 70.
Another kind reduces the design of shoulder 107：
Background section mention " so-called protrusion-dispelling, exactly packing element end lay certain blocker ring, support member, limitation dress
Put with guard member etc., packing element is protruded or flowed towards oil sets annular space during for preventing and limit packer setting "." mainly have
Copper bowl curing type and two kinds of steel mesh or steel band curing type.The former is that the thick copper bowls of two 2mm are solidificated in into two end packing elements respectively
On certain end face, the latter is that the steel mesh or steel band of thick 1mm or so are solidificated on two end packing element end faces respectively ".
Above two existing design follows same thinking：Directly the happening part in shoulder is limited using attaching means
System, directly prevents the generation of shoulder.So the hardness of attaching means needs to consider：In the mistake of packing element deformation if attaching means is really up to the mark
Cheng Zhong, it is likely that attaching means can produce incised wound to packing element, cannot play a part of to prevent shoulder if attaching means is excessively soft.So right
The requirement of attaching means is very strict, such as, it is necessary to the thickness of strict control copper bowl for the copper bowl in above-mentioned prior art
Degree.
" according to the experiment of inventor, when the first axial compressive force is 30MPa, inventor has found several as stated in the Background Art
Shoulder can all occur in all of packing element, all of when further applying a second axial pressure (such as 15MPa or 20MPa)
Packing element can be produced at shoulder and isolated, and cause seal failure ".Inventor thinks be changed from packing element structure in itself
To enter a kind of can either seal and not allow to be also easy to produce the packing element structure of shoulder developing.But contradiction is, if desired packing element is realized
Then packing element can not be too hard for sealing function, and then packing element can not be too soft if desired to prevent shoulder.If packing element is a hardness homogeneous body,
Need to select the material that can play of suitable stiffness, according to prior art from the point of view of, do not develop tolerance also worldwide at present
The new material that 20MPa high pressures and 350 DEG C of high temperature are acted on simultaneously.
The application employs different thinkings：The sealing ring that the packing element 10 of the application first is arranged by multiple in axial direction
70 compositions, so each sealing ring 70 just can be different with hardness because of the selection of material, the packing element 10 that harder sealing ring 70 is set
Two ends can play the problem for preventing shoulder from producing, softer sealing ring 70 can then play the effect of sealing.Further, such as
Shown in Figure 11, packing element 10 is included in the more than one wire sealing ring 71 and more than one filament of axial direction arrangement
Sealing ring 72, one of wire sealing ring 71 is inconsistent with one of filament sealing ring 72 and is arranged on the fibre
The lower section of dimension silk sealing ring 72.Wherein, wire sealing ring 71 includes cross one another many one metal wires and by each wire
The colloid for bonding together.Wherein, the plurality of fibers silk of filament sealing ring 72 including cross one another high temperature high voltage resistant and
The colloid that each filament is bonded together.Inventor has found work of the existing filament in 22Mpa pulling force by test of many times
Can be broken under, therefore the filament sealing ring 72 that filament is made also is easy to hair under the effect of 22Mpa axial compressive forces
Raw fracture.Therefore inventor's selection has used wire sealing ring 71.But wire is less than filament with the adhesive of colloid
With the adhesive of colloid, if the part for sealing all uses wire sealing ring 71, the wire in the case where high pressure is acted on
Colloid in sealing ring 71 is likely to come off, and causes packing element 10 to seal, thus the application by wire sealing ring 71 with it is fine
The pairing of dimension silk sealing ring 72 is used.The reason for wire sealing ring 71 is arranged on the lower section of filament sealing ring 72 is to invent
People has found that the generation of shoulder and the rupture of shoulder are more occur to be applied in the second axial direction pressure from bottom to top in packing element 10
Power F2When, when wire sealing ring 71 is arranged on the lower section of filament sealing ring 72, wire sealing ring 71 because with central tube
30 and/or the friction of sleeve pipe 40 can reduce the axial compressive force for passing to filament sealing ring 72, now can effectively reduce fibre
The axial compressive force that dimension silk sealing ring 72 is subject to, and shoulder Producing reason is that axial compressive force is excessive, so this design can
To reduce or prevent the generation of shoulder.Other wire sealing ring 71 is made up of wire and colloid, by first axle
To pressure F1When, its inner and outer wall has substantially been contacted with central tube 30 and sleeve pipe 40 respectively, so in the He of central tube 30
In the annular space that sleeve pipe 40 is constituted, wire sealing ring 71 with annular space cross section identical area putting on fibre substantially
On dimension silk sealing ring 72, the characteristic along with wire sealing ring 71 compared to the anti-shoulder structurally flexible of simple metal, wire sealing
Ring 71 will not be produced to filament sealing ring 72 and isolated.Especially, as shown in figure 11, when the two ends of packing element 10, to be respectively graphite close
During seal ring 73, because graphite-seal ring 73 is relatively hard, also it is arranged with outside graphite-seal ring 73 in a preferred embodiment
Copper sheet, graphite-seal ring 73 can't isolate wire, thus will not also isolate wire sealing ring 71.It should be noted that
Graphite-seal ring 73 is only one kind of hard sealing ring, can also be the copper ring by quenching.In the embodiment shown in fig. 11, it is real
The combination of the anti-shoulder design of above two is showed, effect is obvious.
A wire sealing ring 71 and a filament sealing ring 72 are only schematically illustrated in Figure 11, in other realities
Apply and more wire sealing rings 71 can also be set in example, matching with wire sealing ring 71 for equal number is similarly set
The filament sealing ring 72 of conjunction.
Carry out specifically to describe the shape and structure of filament sealing ring 72 below.
Inventor has found in process of the test, soft or hard variant due to packing element 10, for example, the glue made by polyether-ether-ketone
Cylinder 10 is harder, packing element 10 is reached the first axial compressive force F for setting needs1It is larger to be pressed in the first axial direction of nominal amount in other words
Power F1Lower rubber cylinder 10 deforms deficiency, causes packing element 10 to play sealing function.When packing element 10 is made using softer colloid,
The packing element 10 understands the first axial compressive force F because that cannot sustain nominal amount again1And by conquassation or i.e. allow to sustain the
One axial compressive force F1But it is being subsequently subjected to the second axial compressive force F2When packing element can also be by conquassation.
During solution packing element 10 is softer, once adulterate inventor multiple high temperature high voltage resistants being separated from each other in colloid
Filament, for example graphite packing silk, glass fiber.Such structure can solve the problem that packing element 10 is overall partially to a certain extent
Soft problem.But, inventor is further discovered that, although each is connected the filament of doping with colloid, but each filament
Between be not connected to substantially or connect less, so the hardness of packing element 10 can only limitedly be increased very much.So, inventor devises
Following technical scheme：As shown in figure 5, using cross one another plurality of fibers silk one matrix 108 of composition, and make colloid 109
It is distributed on the surface of matrix 108 and is bonded each filament to form filament sealing ring 72, this spline structure has in radial direction side
To ductility, in other words, filament sealing ring 72 is enable within the specific limits due to the mutual tied up in knots of each filament
Diameter becomes big without there is fracture (mainly filametntary fracture), during the diameter of filament sealing ring 72 becomes big, phase
The filament for mutually intersecting will offset a part and promote its diameter to become the first big axial compressive force F1, so as to cause filament close
The diameter increase of seal ring 72 is to a certain extent, it is desirable to provide the first bigger axial compressive force F1.Especially, colloid 109 is by each friendship
The filament of fork tightly links together, to cause that the diameter of filament sealing ring 72 increases to a certain extent, it is necessary to
The first bigger axial compressive force F1.For conclusion, each filament intersects to form a resistance, and colloid 109 glues each filament
A resistance is connect and is formed, in the presence of the two resistances, filament sealing ring 72 compares difficult compression, and this is equivalent to glue
Cylinder 10 is overall to be hardened.When the filametntary quantity in the certain volume of filament sealing ring 72 is roughly the same, inventor has found
Can adjust cross one another filametntary quantity by changing the thickness of filament sealing ring 72, and then needed for adjusting
First axial compressive force F1Size be the setting force for being applied to packing element 10 size.Likewise it is possible to pass through to increase filament close
Filametntary quantity in the certain volume of seal ring 72 adjusts cross one another filametntary quantity, and then needed for also adjusting
The first axial compressive force F1Size.
In fig. 5 it is shown that the second graphite linings 114, the second graphite linings 114 be distributed in the lateral surface of filament sealing ring 72 and
Medial surface.In a preferred embodiment, the second graphite linings 114 are only distributed in the lateral surface of filament sealing ring 72, this be due to
Mentioned above " space between inner surface 102 and central tube 30 is smaller (almost bonded to each other), and outer surface 101 and sleeve pipe
Gap between 40 is larger ", so the medial surface of filament sealing ring 72 is easier to be sealed with central tube 30, and filament is sealed
The outer surface of ring 72 is likely to have very small gap between sleeve pipe 40, and other gas meetings such as steam of HTHP
Corrosion and degraded are constantly produced to packing element 10 by these small gaps after the sealing of packing element 10.In other embodiments
In, lateral surface, the upper surface and lower surface of the covered fiber of the second graphite linings 114 silk sealing ring 72.Although the second graphite linings 114
Be resistant to high temperature and high pressure, but its easily tear it is broken, so the second graphite linings 114 are externally coated with guarantor in this application
Sheath, the effect of the protective layer is only that and the second graphite linings is prevented during underground is reached or during transport
114 damage, and such as protective layer can be that common glue solidification is formed or vinyon layer, and these protective layers can't
Produce positive effect to the sealing of packing element 10, and can be destroyed in high temperature and liquefy or be cured as slag.First graphite linings
Be distributed in wire sealing ring 71 position and outside protective layer it is similar, here is omitted.Another protection the
The structure of two graphite linings 114 is as follows, referring to Figure 11, the slightly less than two ends that the diameter of filament sealing ring 72 can be set
The diameter of graphite-seal ring 73, can similarly prevent the second graphite linings 114 from damaging.In another embodiment, can will be upper
Stating two kinds prevents the measure that the second graphite linings 114 are damaged to be used in combination, and effect becomes apparent.Prevent arranging for the first graphite linings damage
Granting prevents that the second graphite linings 114 are essentially identical, and here is omitted.
Fig. 5 is returned to, for the clear needs in structure, Fig. 5 illustrate only the colloid for being coated on all surface of matrix 108
109, and the not shown colloid 109 penetrated into inside matrix 108.As an explanation to surface herein, such as when matrix 108
When cross section is for circle, the colloid 109 in Fig. 5 is located on the periphery of matrix 108.Matrix 108 is high by many high temperature resistants in Fig. 5
The filament of pressure is polymerized, and such as filament can be the material of other high temperature high voltage resistants such as glass fibre or carbon fiber.
In one embodiment, each filament longitude and latitude is woven together and forms matrix 108, each fiber in other are embodiment
Silk can also otherwise be woven together and form matrix 108.
The thickness of matrix 108 is 1.8cm-2.5cm in Fig. 5, and filametntary diameter selection is 7-30 μm, thus can be one
The filament with substantial amounts, can greatly improve the hardness of packing element 10 on individual filament sealing ring 72.According to inventor's
Experiment, the thickness of matrix 108 is advisable with no more than 2cm.Because, inventor finds, it is necessary to the glue that will form colloid 109
Penetrate into matrix 108 to form filament sealing ring 72, but as the permeating speed of the increase glue of the thickness of matrix 108 will gradually
It is slack-off.The speed that especially glue penetrates into after the thickness of matrix 108 is more than 2.5cm will be very slow.So, in an implementation
In example, the thickness of each matrix 108 is 2cm, can also be in other embodiments 1.8cm or 2.5cm.
By narration above, in the technical scheme of the application, not necessarily need the filament that there is elasticity,
This is because the contraction and expansion of packing element 10 are completed by colloid 109.Mentioned above, colloid 109 is distributed in the table of each matrix 108
Simultaneously be bonded for each filament by face and inside.It is desired that colloid 109 is bonded every filament, and each filament is handed over
Bond together fork.
Similarly, here is omitted for wire sealing ring 71.
The copper sheet coated on packing element 10 is described in detail below.
Inventor's discovery, after shoulder 107 is solved the problems, such as, can play close if packing element 10 is from suitable material
Envelope is acted on, but by very short time (such as six hours) packing element 10 or meeting seal failure in the environment of HTHP, it is right
The packing element 10 of failure is researched and analysed, it is found that packing element is failed because of the rupture of shoulder 107, and because packing element
Fester and fail in 10 bottom 106.By research, small point of the high temperature and high pressure steam being contained within downhole gas that festers
Son can produce what degraded was caused to the packing element of macromolecular material.After packing element 10 is sealed, the only lower surface and well of bottom 106
Spirit body directly contact, so as to cause packing element 10 to degrade from the bottom up failure.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, sealing ring 70 is coated with the first copper sheet 111, the cladding sealing ring of the first copper sheet 111
70 lower surface (lower portion), medial surface (left-hand component), lateral surface (right-hand component).As can be seen that the first copper sheet 111 has
There are opening 111c, opening 111c to be located at the upper surface of sealing ring 70, and along the upper surface extension of sealing ring 70.In an implementation
In example, referring to Fig. 5, opening 111c can also be shrunk to a perforate along the upper surface of sealing ring 70.Opening 111c or perforate
Design, be in order in the case of HTHP, for the gas outflow of remaining in sealing ring 70, in the sealing ring that top is set
The gas of HTHP can also be prevented to be flowed into from the perforate when perforate is compressed.In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, opening 111c will
Second copper sheet 112 is covered, and also can use the second copper sheet 112 to cover opening 111c in other embodiments.
It has to be considered that sealing ring 70 is annular, so the first copper sheet 111 being coated on outside it is also annular,
First copper sheet 111 of annular easily produces rupture in bending place, so in the embodiment shown in fig. 7, the first copper sheet 111 is coated
The medial surface (left-hand component) of the upper surface of sealing ring 70, lower surface and lateral surface without cladding sealing ring 70.So, first
Copper sheet 111 only needs to once to bend i.e. formable, improves the production efficiency of the first copper sheet 111.It is previously mentioned " inner surface 102
It is smaller (almost bonded to each other) with space between central tube 30, and the gap between outer surface 101 and sleeve pipe 40 is larger ", institute
With sealing ring 70 only need very little it is inwardly protruding by sealed with central tube 30, and need the very big outwardly convex just can be with set
Pipe 40 is sealed, and the face that copper sheet is not thus coated does not select to be selected in medial surface in lateral surface.
Referring to Fig. 7, the edge of opening of the first copper sheet 111 is concordant with the medial surface of sealing ring 70 in the figure 7, and this design is
In the case where medial surface does not coat copper sheet, the upper and lower surface to sealing ring 70 produces protection as much as possible, reduces high temperature high
Degradation of the pressure steam to sealing ring 70.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 8, sealing ring 70 is coated with the 3rd copper sheet 113, the cladding sealing ring 70 of the 3rd copper sheet 113
Lower surface, medial surface, lateral surface and upper surface, or the upper surface of the cladding sealing ring 70 of the 3rd copper sheet 113, lower surface with
And lateral surface is without the medial surface of cladding sealing ring 70.When the first copper sheet 111 is also coated on the upper of the graphite-seal ring 73 of lower end
During surface, the shape of the first copper sheet is identical with the 3rd copper sheet 113.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 9, sealing ring 70 is coated with inner side copper sheet 111a and outside copper sheet 111b, inner side copper sheet
A part of lower surface of 111a cladding sealing rings 70, whole medial surfaces (left-hand component) and a part of upper surface.Outside copper sheet
A part of lower surface of 111b cladding sealing rings 70, whole lateral surfaces (right-hand component) and a part of upper surface.And it is interior
Side copper sheet 111a and outside copper sheet 111b have the part of the superposition that overlaps in upper and lower surface.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 10, sealing ring 70 is coated with upside copper sheet 111d and downside copper sheet 111e, upside copper
A part of medial surface of skin 111d cladding sealing rings 70, whole upper surfaces (upper rim portion) and a part of lateral surface.Downside copper
A part of medial surface of skin 111e cladding sealing rings 70, whole lower surfaces (lower portion) and a part of lateral surface.And on
Side copper sheet 111d and downside copper sheet 111e have the part of the superposition that overlaps in medial surface and lateral surface.In one embodiment
In, upside copper sheet 111d and downside copper sheet 111e prevents the small molecule and sealing ring 70 of high temperature and high pressure steam in overlapping welding
Directly contact.
Fig. 9 and embodiment illustrated in fig. 10 prevent the first copper sheet also for the quantity of the bending place for reducing by the first copper sheet 111
111 easily produce rupture in bending place, and also improve the production efficiency of the first copper sheet 111.
Referring to Figure 11, when two graphite-seal rings 73 of lower end are coated with Fig. 6, Fig. 8 or Fig. 9 copper sheet, height is prevented from
The small molecule of warm high steam is caused to corrode and degraded to the graphite-seal ring 73 of lower end.Further, due to the graphite of lower end
Sealing ring 73 is only contradicted with central tube 30 and sleeve pipe 40, only plays slight sealing function, graphite-seal ring 73 and the set of lower end
Gap is likely that there are between pipe 40, so being also required to cover copper sheet on the lateral surface of the graphite-seal ring 73 of lower end.Due to
The upper surface of the graphite-seal ring 73 of lower end is compressed by the lower surface of wire sealing ring 71, has completely cut off and high temperature and high pressure steam
The directly contact of small molecule, from this from the aspects of, the upper surface of the graphite-seal ring 73 of lower end simultaneously need not cover copper sheet.If
In this way, be then necessarily located on the lateral surface of graphite-seal ring 73 of lower end at the opening of copper sheet, so in packing element 10 by compression
During radial deformation, the opening of copper sheet can produce to wire sealing ring 71 isolates, thus in the embodiment shown in fig. 6,
Opening 111c is located on upper surface, in order to further completely cut off the directly contact with the small molecule of high temperature and high pressure steam, opening
111c covers the second copper sheet 112.Inner side copper sheet 111a and outside copper sheet 111b in Fig. 9 are " u "-shaped structure, when mounted
First inner side copper sheet 111a can be set on sealing ring 70 from medial surface, outside copper sheet 111b is set in sealing from lateral surface
On ring 70 and sections inner side copper sheet 111a, can be conveniently mounted to copper sheet on sealing ring 70 by such structure, improve peace
Dress efficiency.For two graphite-seal rings 73 of upper end, its structure after being combined with copper sheet can be Fig. 6, Fig. 8 or Fig. 9
Shown structure.When the structure shown in Fig. 6, it is necessary to the first copper sheet 111 and the second copper sheet 112 are rotated into 180 degree to make
With the 111c that is now open is pressed against by the upper surface of filament sealing ring 72, and such structure is prevented from opening 111c and opens.
By being used separately as the narration in top and bottom to structure shown in Fig. 6, it is known that opening 111c all should be by adjacent close
Seal ring is pressed against, and prevents opening 111c when by the first axial compressive force F1 or the second axial compressive force F2 from opening.Knot in Fig. 8
Structure, is welded after sealing ring 70 can be coated by using copper sheet at gap and realized again.Structure in Fig. 9, why will
The lap of inner side copper sheet 111a and outside copper sheet 111b is arranged at the upper and lower surface of sealing ring 70, and reason is, when
When the lap of inner side copper sheet 111a and outside copper sheet 111b is arranged at the medial surface or lateral surface of sealing ring 70, when to first
In axial compressive force F1 or the second axial compressive force F2 compression processes, may adjacent sealing ring be caused to isolate, and overlapping portion
Set up the upper and lower surface for being placed in sealing ring 70 separately, adjacent sealing ring can to overlapping portion extrusion, further completely cut off with
The directly contact of the small molecule of high temperature and high pressure steam.The overlapping welding of inner side copper sheet 111a in Fig. 9 and outside copper sheet 111b
The structure shown in Fig. 8 can be formed afterwards.And can prevent from bearing the second axial compressive force by the setting to copper sheet thickness
F2When shoulder rupture.In one embodiment, the thickness of copper sheet is 1mm.
Need especially, it is emphasized that the outer cladding copper sheet of graphite-seal ring 73, to realize and central tube 30 and sleeve pipe 40
Sealing, i.e. metal and the sealing of metal, then need very big pressure.In embodiments herein, including copper sheet is not coated
Wire sealing ring 71 and filament sealing ring 72.The graphite-seal ring 73 of bottom prevents most HTHP from steaming
Vapour, the graphite-seal ring 73 of secondary lower end further prevents a part of high temperature and high pressure steam, so reaches the He of wire sealing ring 71
The high temperature and high pressure steam of filament sealing ring 72 is just considerably less, is effectively reduced high temperature and high pressure steam to wire sealing ring
71 and the corrosion and degraded of filament sealing ring 72, extend the sealing duration of packing element 10.
When as shown in figure 12, when packing element 10 is three-stage, each section of packing element can be a single packing element, so
Packing element 10 shown in Figure 12 is equivalent to be spliced in the axial direction by three separate packing elements.Figure 12 is only with packing element
10 be three-stage as an example, in other embodiments packing element can also have other sections, such as two sections or five sections.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 11, the lower section of wire sealing ring 71 is provided with the first inconsistent spacer ring 51, fiber
The top of silk sealing ring 72 is provided with the second inconsistent spacer ring 52, the first spacer ring 51, the second spacer ring 52, the 3rd spacer ring 53 and the
The hardness of four spacer rings 54 is all higher than the hardness of wire sealing ring 71 and filament sealing ring 72.Also, wire sealing ring 71
Spacer ring is not provided between filament sealing ring 72.3rd spacer ring 53 is arranged between two graphite-seal rings 73 of upper end, the
Four spacer rings 54 are arranged between two graphite-seal rings 73 of lower end.
The spacer ring (the first spacer ring 51, the second spacer ring 52, the 3rd spacer ring 53 and the 4th spacer ring 54) and prior art of the application
The role of spacer ring be different：Spacer ring is that reason its harder characteristic is set directly at packing element 10 in the prior art
Two ends prevent the generation of shoulder.And in this application, because packing element 10 is by multiple sealing rings (wire sealing ring 71, fibre
Dimension silk sealing ring 72 and graphite-seal ring 73) composition, because the hardness of each sealing ring is different, so in axial compressive force
Lower each sealing ring deformation in the axial direction of effect is different, such as due to filament sealing ring 72 is softer and in axle
To pressure act under be partially embedded in adjacent graphite-seal ring 73, this can cause packing element cannot seal or sealing effectiveness not
It is good.So in this application, the design of spacer ring is to provide for a uniform plane of constraint, and thus those skilled in the art can
Know, two stress surfaces up and down of spacer ring in this application all should be as far as possible for plane, and is rigidity.First spacer ring 51,
The upper and lower surfaces that the rigidity spacer ring such as the second spacer ring 52, the 3rd spacer ring 53 and the 4th spacer ring 54 can be contacted equably to it apply
Pressure, prevent wire sealing ring 71, filament sealing ring 72 and graphite-seal ring 73 by axial compressive force in upper table
Face or lower surface become uneven.
Spacer ring is not provided between wire sealing ring 71 and filament sealing ring 72, its reason is, when being under pressure,
Wire sealing ring 71 can be combined as a whole with filament sealing ring 72, integrally play sealing function.If setting spacer ring, in pressure
Under power effect, wire sealing ring 71 can surround spacer ring with filament sealing ring 72, then just can be expanded to come in radial direction
Sealing, this will necessarily reduce sealing property.First spacer ring 51, the second spacer ring 52, the 3rd spacer ring 53 and the 4th spacer ring 54 are metal
Material, such as aluminium material or iron material matter.When for aluminium material, the thickness of first spacer ring (51) is D1, second spacer ring
(52) thickness is D2, and 4mm≤D1≤6mm, 4mm≤D2≤6mm.Preferably, D1 and/or D2 is 5mm.Due to iron material matter
It is harder, so when for iron material matter, 2mm≤D1≤4mm, 2mm≤D2≤4mm, it is preferable that D1 and/or D2 is 3mm.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 11, it is not affected by the first axial compressive force F in packing element 101When, each sealing ring 70 is and packing element
10 radial direction is parallel.As shown in figure 1, packing element 10 is by the first axial compressive force F1When, in axial direction shortening in footpath
Expanded to direction, then the graphite-seal ring 73 again in bottom bears the second axial compressive force F everywhere2。
In one embodiment of the application, matrix 108 is graphite packing or carbon fiber packing.Packing (packing), leads to
Often formed by relatively soft thread braiding, usual sectional area is square or rectangular, circle.In one embodiment, base
The cross section of body 108 is quadrangle, for example square.In other embodiments, the cross section of matrix 108 can also be circle.
The application also provides a kind of packer, and the packer has the packing element 10 that one of above-mentioned technical proposal is limited.
The application also provides a kind of bridging plug, and the bridging plug has the packing element 10 that one of above-mentioned technical proposal is limited.
So far, although those skilled in the art will appreciate that the detailed multiple that the application has shown and described is shown herein
Example property embodiment, but, in the case where the application spirit and scope are not departed from, still can be direct according to present disclosure
It is determined that or deriving many other variations or modifications for meeting the application principle.Therefore, scope of the present application is understood that and recognizes
It is set to and covers all these other variations or modifications.
Claims (10)
1. the packing element (10) that a kind of upper and lower ends are relatively large in diameter, with the through hole (103) positioned at center, positioned at the through hole
(103) inner surface (102) at the place outer surface (101) corresponding with the inner surface (102), respectively be located at the packing element
(10) upper end (104) and bottom (106) at two ends and positioned at the upper end (104) and the bottom (106) it
Between pars intermedia (105), the upper end (104) is for bearing the first axial compressive force in axial direction, the bottom
(106) for bearing along second axial compressive force opposite with first axial compressive force of the axial direction；When described first
When axial compressive force puts on the upper end (104), the upper end (104), pars intermedia (105) and bottom (106) exist
Radial direction is deformed upon；When second axial compressive force puts on the bottom (106), the upper end (104), in
Between portion (105) and bottom (106) deformed upon in the radial direction, it is characterised in that
The packing element (10) be included in axial direction arrangement more than one wire sealing ring (71) and more than one
Filament sealing ring (72), one of those described wire sealing ring (71) and filament sealing ring one of those described
(72) lower section that is inconsistent and being arranged on the filament sealing ring (72)；
The wire sealing ring (71) bonds together including cross one another many one metal wires and by each wire
Colloid；
Plurality of fibers silk of the filament sealing ring (72) including cross one another high temperature high voltage resistant and by each fiber
The colloid that silk bonds together；
The upper end of the packing element (10) sets a hard sealing ring to serve as the upper end (104) of the packing element (10),
The lower end of the packing element (10) sets another described hard sealing ring to serve as the bottom (106) of the packing element (10)；
The wire sealing ring (71) coats outward the first graphite linings, and it is close that first graphite linings at least coat the wire
The lateral surface of seal ring (71)；
The filament sealing ring (72) coats outward the second graphite linings (114), and second graphite linings (114) at least coat institute
State the lateral surface of filament sealing ring (72)；
The hard sealing ring of upper end is all higher than the wire sealing ring with the diameter of the hard sealing ring of lower end
(71) diameter and the diameter of the filament sealing ring (72).
2. packing element (10) according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
First graphite linings coat lateral surface, the upper surface and lower surface of the wire sealing ring (71), described second
Graphite linings (114) coat lateral surface, the upper surface and lower surface of the filament sealing ring (72)；Or
First graphite linings coat lateral surface, medial surface, the upper surface and lower surface of the wire sealing ring (71), institute
State lateral surface, medial surface, upper surface and lower surface that the second graphite linings (114) coat the filament sealing ring (72).
3. packing element (10) according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The outside of first graphite linings and second graphite linings (114) is coated with protective layer, and the protective layer is in high temperature
When it is destroyed and liquefy or be cured as slag.
4. packing element (10) according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Inconsistent the first spacer ring (51) is provided with below one of those described wire sealing ring (71), with the wire
Inconsistent the second spacer ring (52), institute are provided with above an inconsistent filament sealing ring (72) of sealing ring (71)
The hardness for stating the first spacer ring (51) and second spacer ring (52) is all higher than the wire sealing ring (71) and the fiber
The hardness of silk sealing ring (72)；
Also, be not provided between the wire sealing ring (71) and its inconsistent filament sealing ring (72) every
Ring.
5. packing element (10) according to claim 4, it is characterised in that
First spacer ring (51) and second spacer ring (52) are metal material.
6. packing element (10) according to claim 5, it is characterised in that
First spacer ring (51) and second spacer ring (52) are aluminium material.
7. packing element (10) according to claim 5, it is characterised in that
First spacer ring (51) and second spacer ring (52) are iron material matter.
8. packing element (10) according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The hard sealing ring is graphite-seal ring, and the graphite-seal ring includes the carbon fiber of cross one another high temperature high voltage resistant
Silk and the graphite that each carbon fiber wire bonds together.
Preferably, the graphite-seal ring is coated with copper sheet.
9. a kind of packer, it is characterised in that including one of claim 1-8 described packing element (10).
10. a kind of bridging plug, it is characterised in that including one of claim 1-8 described packing element (10).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611123438.4A CN106703741A (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | Rubber sleeve with large-diameter top and bottom ends, packer and bridge plug |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611123438.4A CN106703741A (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | Rubber sleeve with large-diameter top and bottom ends, packer and bridge plug |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106703741A true CN106703741A (en) | 2017-05-24 |
Family
ID=58936881
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611123438.4A Pending CN106703741A (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | Rubber sleeve with large-diameter top and bottom ends, packer and bridge plug |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106703741A (en) |
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| CN205714083U (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-23 | 天鼎联创密封技术（北京）有限公司 | Lower end sealing ring is coated with the packing element of two panels copper sheet, packer and bridging plug |
| CN206280042U (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-06-27 | 隆学武 | Packing element, packer and bridging plug that upper and lower ends are relatively large in diameter |
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- 2016-12-08 CN CN201611123438.4A patent/CN106703741A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201407009Y (en) * | 2009-05-01 | 2010-02-17 | 张玉雪 | Hydraulic packer |
| CN103225489A (en) * | 2012-01-31 | 2013-07-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Self-expansion packer |
| US20150176354A1 (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2015-06-25 | Starse Energy And Technology (Group) Co., Ltd. | Liner hanger top packer |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20181025 Address after: 100035 C 2003, Cheng Ming House, 2 Xizhimen inner street, Xicheng District, Beijing. Applicant after: TIANDING SEALING TECHNOLOGY (BEIJING)CO., Ltd. Applicant after: Song Wei Address before: 100035 C 2003, Cheng Ming House, 2 Xizhimen inner street, Xicheng District, Beijing. Applicant before: Long Xuewu Applicant before: Song Wei |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20170524 |