CN106702431A - Anti-oxidation coating for carbon anodes in aluminum electrolysis - Google Patents
Anti-oxidation coating for carbon anodes in aluminum electrolysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN106702431A CN106702431A CN201510442632.8A CN201510442632A CN106702431A CN 106702431 A CN106702431 A CN 106702431A CN 201510442632 A CN201510442632 A CN 201510442632A CN 106702431 A CN106702431 A CN 106702431A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a technology for preventing high-temperature oxidation of carbon anodes during aluminum electrolysis production, specifically to an anti-oxidation coating for carbon anodes in aluminum electrolysis. The coating comprises, by weight, 30-40% of alumina powder, 10-20% of sodium fluoride, 10-20% of aluminium fluoride, 1.0-5.0% of a complex anti-oxidant, 10-15% of a binder, 2-5% of a suspending agent and the rest of a solvent. The high-temperature anti-oxidation coating can effectively raise oxidation resistance of carbon anodes at high temperature, has an effect of resisting corrosion of cryolite slag to the coating, effectively reduces carbon anode consumption in aluminum electrolysis production, prolongs service life of carbon anodes, saves consumption cost of carbon anodes, decreases discharge of gas generated by high-temperature oxidation-combustion of carbon anodes, and obviously improves the working environment.
Description
Technical field
A kind of technology the present invention relates to prevent carbon anode high-temperature oxydation during Aluminum Electrolysis Production, tool
Body or a kind of electrolytic aluminium carbon anode high-temp antioxidizing paint.
Background technology
Aluminium is a kind of metallic element that reserves are very big, distributed pole is wide in the earth's crust, is accounted in the earth's crust
7.5%, more than the summation of non-ferrous metals more all than other.Early in, french chemist Devi in 1854
You are passed through bauxite, charcoal, salt mixing to heat after chlorine and have obtained double salt, then by this double salt
Melt with excessive sodium fusion, obtained metallic aluminium.1886, the Hao Er in the U.S. and Hai Langte of France,
Separately the mixture of electrolyzing fused bauxite and ice crystal has been obtained metallic aluminium, is big today
Large-scale production aluminium is laid a good foundation.Due to developing rapidly for power-generating industry, modern aluminum industry is produced substantially
All it is using ice crystal-aluminum oxide molten salt electrolysis.Wherein molten cryolitic is solvent, and aluminum oxide is made
It is solute, using carbon body as anode, after being passed through powerful direct current, at 950 DEG C~970 DEG C,
It is electrochemically reacted on the two poles of the earth in electrolytic cell, that is, is electrolysed.Anodic oxidation product is mainly dioxy
Change carbon and CO gas, wherein containing the pernicious gases such as a certain amount of hydrogen fluoride and solid dust.
For environmental protection and human health need to carry out purified treatment to anodic gas, pernicious gas and dust are removed
After enter air.Cathode product is aluminium liquid, and aluminium liquid is extracted out by vacuum ladle from groove, is sent to casting
Workshop, after purified clarification in holding furnace, is cast into high-purity aluminium ingot, is used for foundary industry.
Various metals or nonmetalloid are added in fine aluminium, the aluminium alloy of casting can be configured to, it
Casting character and performance it is more more excellent than fine aluminium.Because it has above-mentioned many advantages,
Industrially obtain a wide range of applications.At present, aluminium alloy is not only widely used in military affairs, space flight, boat
The industry such as sky, light industry, heavy industry and communications and transportation, and, be also widely used in building structural materials,
Family life apparatus and sports goods etc..
100 for many years, although occurring in that various aluminium metallurgy new methods, including improved aluminium chloride
Electrolysis, aluminum oxide carbon heat reducing method, vulcanization aluminium reduction process etc., but all there is no commercial Application.
The application for having ice crystal-alumina molten salt electrolysis method only is lasting, is so far still industrial unique
Metallurgy method for aluminum.
In the aluminium electrolysis process using ice crystal-alumina molten salt electrolysis method, anode is aluminium electroloysis life
One of main raw material(s) of product, carries important effect in aluminum electrolysis, is also aluminium electroloysis life
Produce the important component of cost.During Aluminum Electrolysis Production, carbon anode consumption includes electrochemistry
Consumption, chemical depletion and machinery consumption etc..Because anode carbon block main component is charcoal, easily there is sun
Pole oxidative phenomena, wherein carbon anode and CO2And O2The oxidation reaction of generation and the chemical depletion that causes are
The main reason of anode luxus consumption, consumes only so as to increased anode, increases aluminum electrolysis cost
Plus.By the Hall Heroult process that current aluminium electrolytic industry is used, released during using carbon anode electrolysis of aluminum oxide
The oxygen of releasing at high temperature consumes anodic oxidation.Theoretically often producing one ton of aluminium will consume charcoal
Amount 333kg, and the charcoal amount of aluminium manufacturer's actual consumption is 500~600kg, accounts for 15% of totle drilling cost or so.
Therefore, for each electrolysis aluminum production enterprises, the charcoal amount that one ton of aluminium of production is consumed is a need
The important indicator to be examined, so, carbon anode anti-aging capability at high temperature is improved, reduce electricity
The consumption of carbon anode, has caused the highest attention of people and has carried out extensive examination in solution aluminium production
Test.
In order to the high-temperature oxydation for reducing the excessive carbon anode caused due to the burning of oxygen in air is disappeared
Consumption, reduces the production cost of electrolytic aluminium, and both economical effective method is, on the surface of carbon anode
Upper coating protective coating, the high-temperature oxydation of the carbon anode that reduction is caused by air is lost, from
And extending the service life of carbon anode, many scholars have been presented for various anti-oxidation electricity both at home and abroad so far
The patent of pole coating.
Meanwhile, manufacturer is in order to prevent the high temperature of the carbon anode during Aluminum Electrolysis Production at this stage
Oxidation, the carbon anode not immersed inside electrolyte is covered in using the broken material of electrolysis al molten bath slag
Surface, as isolated protective layer, it is intended to prevent the contact of carbon anode and oxygen in air, so as to reach
To the purpose of the high-temperature oxydation scaling loss for preventing carbon anode.But, this solid slag broken material covers
Cap rock is more loose, it is impossible to ensure the isolation completely of carbon anode and air completely.And in this slag
Containing substantial amounts of cryolite, it is a kind of very strong material of corrosivity, particularly at high temperature, is removed
Various metals beyond charcoal and nonmetallic can be corroded.It is anti-with high temperature for traditional carbon anode
Oxidation barrier coating, what is had is relatively costly, and layered coating can be only achieved isolation carbon anode the need for having
Contact with air, can not particularly prevent the fluorine element of the cryolite in slag coating from making it
Into heat erosion, frequently can lead to high-temp antioxidizing barrier coat and be corroded and lose its isolation air
Shielding action.
In a word, the anode isolated protective layer in aluminum electrolysis production technique is successfully applied at present, it is adaptable to
Production application effect does not have preferably substantially.Search to the bottom reason, although its oxidation proof properties having compared with
It is good, but introduce some impurity in liquid electrolyte, or fine aluminium water and pollute the purity of fine aluminium；
Although and have reach oxidation proof propertiess preferably, the corrosive power of anti-fluorine ion is poor, because ice crystal
It is a kind of highly corrosive agents, coating is corroded and nothing left of trickling at high temperature, and protective effect is lost too early.
Therefore, a kind of electrolytic aluminium carbon anode protective coating of excellent combination property is developed, with larger
Economic benefit and social benefit.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of electrolytic aluminium carbon anode antioxidizing paint.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of electrolytic aluminium carbon anode antioxidizing paint, coating by weight percentage, alumina powder
30-40%, sodium fluoride 10-20%, aluminum fluoride 10-20%, composite antioxidant 1.0-5.0%, binding agent
10-25%, suspending agent 2-5% and balance of solvent；The composite antioxidant is metallic aluminium powder and boronation
Thing；The binding agent is waterglass；The suspending agent is sodium bentonite or attapulgite；It is described molten
Agent is water.
Granularity≤10 μm of the alumina powder, granularity≤45 μm of sodium fluoride, the granularity of aluminum fluoride
≤ 45 μm, granularity≤5 μm of metallic aluminium powder, granularity≤10 μm of boride.Wherein, aluminum oxide
Objectionable impurities (Si, Fe, Ti, Cr, Mn in powder, sodium fluoride, aluminum fluoride, metallic aluminium and boride
With K etc.) total content should≤5.0%, preferably≤1.0%.
Further, the coating is by weight percentage：Alumina powder 30%, sodium fluoride 10%,
Aluminum fluoride 10%, metallic aluminium powder 1.0%, boride 3.0%, waterglass 20%, the and of sodium bentonite 4%
Water 22%.
Or, the coating is by weight percentage：Alumina powder 32%, sodium fluoride 12%, aluminum fluoride 10%,
Metallic aluminium powder 0.8%, boride 3.5%, waterglass 20%, sodium bentonite 3% and water 18.7%.
Or, the coating is by weight percentage：Alumina powder 35%, aluminum fluoride 13%, sodium fluoride 10%,
Metallic aluminium powder 0.5%, boride 4.0%, waterglass 22%, sodium bentonite 2% and water 13.5%.
Or, the coating is by weight percentage：Alumina powder 35%, sodium fluoride 11%, aluminum fluoride 10%,
Metallic aluminium powder 0.8%, boride 2.5%, waterglass 20%, sodium bentonite 3% and water 17.7%.
Advantage for present invention：
Electrolytic aluminium carbon anode high-temp antioxidizing paint of the invention is mainly by filler, compound antioxygen
The multiphase suspension system of the high degree of dispersion of the Multiple components such as agent, binding agent, suspending agent and solvent composition.
The materials such as aluminum oxide, aluminum fluoride and sodium fluoride in filler form composite diphase material after high temperature sintering
Sintered body, the ability with the high temperature corrosion of fluorine in stronger anti-ice spar.Although containing boron material to charcoal
With preferable oxidation-protective effect, but content of the boron in antioxidizing paint need to be strictly controlled, otherwise to height
The corrosivity and inoxidizability of the ice crystal in warm aluminum-resistant electrolyte are very unfavorable, and anti-oxidation at present
The price containing boron material and its addition used in material are universal higher, therefore the present invention is proposed and adopted
Replace single boride antioxidant with the composite antioxidant of metallic aluminium powder and boride composition.
It can be seen that carbon anode high-temp antioxidizing paint of the invention, it is possible to increase carbon anode is at high temperature
Anti-aging capability and prevent ice crystal slag to the fluorine corrosiveness of coating, so as to effectively reduce electrolysis
The consumption of carbon anode, extends the service life of carbon anode in aluminium production, saves anode consuming cost,
Reduce toxic gas discharge capacity, hence it is evident that improve operating environment, achieve preferable economic benefit and
Social benefit.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is carbon annode test block protective coating high-temperature oxydation burn-out test figure.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Electrolytic aluminium carbon anode high-temp antioxidizing paint, by weight percentage, alumina powder 30%,
Sodium fluoride 10%, aluminum fluoride 10%, metallic aluminium powder 1.0%, boride 3.0%, waterglass 20%, sodium base
Bentonite 4% and water 22% mix and are configured to.
Embodiment 2
Electrolytic aluminium carbon anode high-temp antioxidizing paint, by weight percentage, alumina powder 32%,
Sodium fluoride 12%, aluminum fluoride 10%, metallic aluminium powder 0.8%, boride 3.5%, waterglass 20%, sodium base
Bentonite 3% and water 18.7% are hybridly prepared into.
Embodiment 3
Electrolytic aluminium carbon anode high-temp antioxidizing paint, by weight percentage, alumina powder 35%,
It is aluminum fluoride 13%, sodium fluoride 10%, metallic aluminium powder 0.5%, boride 4.0%, waterglass 22%, concavo-convex
Rod soil 2% and water 13.5% are hybridly prepared into.
Embodiment 4
Electrolytic aluminium carbon anode high-temp antioxidizing paint, by weight percentage, alumina powder 35,
It is sodium fluoride 11%, aluminum fluoride 10%, metallic aluminium powder 0.8%, boride 2.5%, waterglass 20%, concavo-convex
Rod soil 3% and water 17.7% are hybridly prepared into.
Carried out in high temperature furnace with high-temp antioxidizing paint with above-described embodiment gained electrolytic aluminium carbon anode
Experiment, result of the test is as follows：
A certain size carbon electrode test block is produced, the coating of different compositions is respectively applied on its surface,
Thickness is 0.5mm or so.Then, it is small through spontaneously drying drying 2 in 24 hours or in an oven 100 DEG C
Shi Hou, is put into high-temperature electric resistance furnace and is warming up to 1000 DEG C (programming rate is 200 DEG C/h) with stove, protects
Temperature is taken out after 10 hours, is cooled to the oxidization burning loss situation of observation specimen surface after room temperature.Experiment knot
Fruit finds that the carbon electrode test block surface coating for having brushed antioxidizing paint in embodiment is compact and complete,
Carbon electrode test block protection is good (the left 2# of such as Fig. 1), has reached protection carbon anode high temperature scaling loss
Purpose.And the surface of the carbon electrode test block of other types coating is applied, all in the presence of different degrees of carbon
The phenomenon of flat band ink oxidization burning loss.
Wherein：
1# is the gained composition coating of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
2# paint ingredients：Waterglass 22%, boride 8.0%, alumina powder 30%, sodium fluoride 12%,
Aluminum fluoride 10%, sodium bentonite 3% and water surplus.
3# paint ingredients：Waterglass 18%, boride 13%, alumina powder 32%, boehmite 9.5%,
Sodium bentonite 3% and water surplus.
By metallic aluminium and boron in above-mentioned visible electrolytic aluminium carbon anode high-temp antioxidizing paint of the present invention
Compound at high temperature first can be with O2Or CO reaction generation aluminum oxide and boron oxide, then its product
Generation aluminium borate is further reacted with refractory oxide.The aluminium borate for being generated is at high temperature glass
Glass state stream material, it can preferably fill the hole in complex phase sintered body, form compactness higher
Antioxidant coating diaphragm.During particularly aluminium reacts into carbon with CO, i.e. Al → Al4C3→Al2O3,
Meeting is with certain volumetric expansion, so that paint structure is more densified, at high temperature can be effective
The directly contact of oxygen and carbon anode surface is prevented, the purpose of protection carbon annode oxidization burning loss is reached.
Separately, by the electrolytic aluminium carbon anode high-temp antioxidizing paint of above-mentioned acquisition in certain aluminium manufacturer's electrolytic aluminium
Application test is carried out on carbon annode, its application method is as follows：First will be finely dispersed in advance anti-
Oxidation coating brushing is sprayed on the upper surface and side of carbon annode, after being evenly coated with one to twice,
At normal temperatures spontaneously dry more than 12 hours it is stand-by.Show using result：The charcoal of this coating is not used
Plain anode finds that anode surface oxidization burning loss is serious after pulling out pole cleaning, and corner angle almost do not have, and have even
There is arrisdefect, de- pole phenomenon, and match somebody with somebody obtained high-temp antioxidizing paint brushing in charcoal element with above-mentioned formula
The anode surface that anode is not immersed in electrolyte molten bath, by the application of a cycle (30 days or so),
Found after pulling out pole cleaning, remaining carbon anode corner angle are clearly demarcated, and remaining carbon anode height substantially increases
Greatly.Therefore, it is possible to reaching the effect that the extension of every piece of anode was using a day, so that aluminium per ton is produced into
80 yuan of this decline.For a medium-sized aluminium manufacturer for 500,000 tons of aluminum amount of annual output, can directly save into every year
This 40,000,000 yuan.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of electrolytic aluminium carbon anode antioxidizing paint, it is characterised in that：Coating percentage by weight
Than meter, alumina powder 30-40%, sodium fluoride 10-20%, aluminum fluoride 10-20%, composite antioxidant
1.0-5.0%, binding agent 10-25%, suspending agent 2-5% and balance of solvent；
The composite antioxidant is metallic aluminium powder and boride；The binding agent is waterglass；It is described
Suspending agent is sodium bentonite or attapulgite；The solvent is water.
2. the electrolytic aluminium carbon anode antioxidizing paint as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Granularity≤10 μm of the alumina powder, granularity≤45 μm of sodium fluoride, the granularity of aluminum fluoride
≤ 45 μm, granularity≤5 μm of metallic aluminium powder, granularity≤10 μm of boride.
3. the electrolytic aluminium carbon anode antioxidizing paint as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The coating is by weight percentage：Alumina powder 30%, sodium fluoride 10%, aluminum fluoride 10%, metal
Aluminium powder 1.0%, boride 3.0%, waterglass 20%, sodium bentonite 4% and water 22%.
4. the electrolytic aluminium carbon anode antioxidizing paint as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The coating is by weight percentage：Alumina powder 32%, sodium fluoride 12%, aluminum fluoride 10%, metal
Aluminium powder 0.8%, boride 3.5%, waterglass 20%, sodium bentonite 3% and water 18.7%.
5. the electrolytic aluminium carbon anode antioxidizing paint as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The coating is by weight percentage：Alumina powder 35%, aluminum fluoride 13%, sodium fluoride 10%, metal
Aluminium powder 0.5%, boride 4.0%, waterglass 22%, sodium bentonite 2% and water 13.5%.
6. the electrolytic aluminium carbon anode antioxidizing paint as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The coating is by weight percentage：Alumina powder 35%, sodium fluoride 11%, aluminum fluoride 10%, metal
Aluminium powder 0.8%, boride 2.5%, waterglass 20%, sodium bentonite 3% and water 17.7%.
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| CN201510442632.8A CN106702431B (en) | 2015-07-24 | 2015-07-24 | A kind of electrolytic aluminium carbon anode antioxidizing paint |
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Cited By (7)
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| CN108441004A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-08-24 | 新疆大学 | A kind of apparatus and method preparing aluminium electrolysis anode antioxidizing paint using aluminium lime-ash |
| CN109055990A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-12-21 | 沈阳化工大学 | It is a kind of to prepare electrolytic aluminium carbon anode protective coating using aluminium ash and aluminium slag |
| CN114315356A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-12 | 东北大学 | Aluminum electrolysis carbon anode oxidation resistant coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN114806231A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-07-29 | 贵州创新轻金属工艺装备工程技术研究中心有限公司 | Pre-baked anode anti-oxidation coating for reducing energy consumption of aluminum electrolysis cell and preparation and application methods thereof |
| CN116606561A (en) * | 2023-06-12 | 2023-08-18 | 云南点援微晶科技有限公司 | Electrolytic aluminum carbon anode antioxidation anticorrosive paint |
| CN116813386A (en) * | 2023-06-30 | 2023-09-29 | 广西大学 | Self-healing high-oxygen-resistance high-temperature-oxidation-prevention composite coating for aluminum electrolysis carbon anode and preparation method thereof |
| WO2024181893A1 (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2024-09-06 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Объединенная Компания Русал Инженерно -Технологический Центр" | Method for producing protective coatings for pre-baked anode blocks for aluminium electrolysis cells |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108441004A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-08-24 | 新疆大学 | A kind of apparatus and method preparing aluminium electrolysis anode antioxidizing paint using aluminium lime-ash |
| CN108441004B (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2023-05-12 | 新疆大学 | Device and method for preparing aluminum electrolysis anode anti-oxidation coating by utilizing aluminum ash |
| CN109055990A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-12-21 | 沈阳化工大学 | It is a kind of to prepare electrolytic aluminium carbon anode protective coating using aluminium ash and aluminium slag |
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| CN114806231A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-07-29 | 贵州创新轻金属工艺装备工程技术研究中心有限公司 | Pre-baked anode anti-oxidation coating for reducing energy consumption of aluminum electrolysis cell and preparation and application methods thereof |
| WO2024181893A1 (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2024-09-06 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Объединенная Компания Русал Инженерно -Технологический Центр" | Method for producing protective coatings for pre-baked anode blocks for aluminium electrolysis cells |
| CN116606561A (en) * | 2023-06-12 | 2023-08-18 | 云南点援微晶科技有限公司 | Electrolytic aluminum carbon anode antioxidation anticorrosive paint |
| CN116606561B (en) * | 2023-06-12 | 2024-02-13 | 云南点援微晶科技有限公司 | Electrolytic aluminum carbon anode antioxidation anticorrosive paint |
| CN116813386A (en) * | 2023-06-30 | 2023-09-29 | 广西大学 | Self-healing high-oxygen-resistance high-temperature-oxidation-prevention composite coating for aluminum electrolysis carbon anode and preparation method thereof |
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