CN106702261A - Rare-earth-containing welding transition steel for high-speed rails and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Rare-earth-containing welding transition steel for high-speed rails and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106702261A CN106702261A CN201611120914.7A CN201611120914A CN106702261A CN 106702261 A CN106702261 A CN 106702261A CN 201611120914 A CN201611120914 A CN 201611120914A CN 106702261 A CN106702261 A CN 106702261A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rare-earth-containing welding transition steel for high-speed rails and a preparation method thereof, particularly the chemical components and contents and a manufacturing technique of the welding transition steel. The rare-earth-containing welding transition steel for high-speed rails comprises the following chemical components: 0.05-0.2% of C, at most 0.5% of Si, 15-18% of Cr, 2.0-6.0% of Mn, 6-13% of Ni, 0.7-1.2% of Mo, at most 0.025% of S+P, 0.5-1.5% of rare-earth silicon iron and the balance of Fe. The manufacturing process comprises the following steps: selecting the chemical component ranges, establishing the proportioning scheme, carrying out industrial-frequency or medium-frequency vacuum induction smelting, carrying out vacuum semi-continuous casting, annealing, forging, carrying out heat treatment, machining and inspecting. The invention provides a welding medium, which is applicable to multiple welding means and suitable for connecting high-manganese steel and high-carbon steel, to adapt to the complex operating environment of high-speed rails; and the welding transition steel has higher operational reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of metallurgical manufacturing, and in particular to a kind of high ferro steel of welding transition containing rare earth and its preparation
Method.
Background technology
In recent years the fast development and the progressively developing of high ferro international market of China Express Railway so that China's high ferro welding
Materials'use amount is increased sharply.But because the material welding performances such as rail, manganese track switch high are poor, usage amount is big in high ferro and mixes
Use so that its mixing solder technology and technique turn into global problem.Potassium steel and high-carbon steel are in chemical analysis, physical
Can, mechanical property differs greatly.When potassium steel is welded, the easy carbide precipitate in thermal stress area, and enrichment on crystal boundary
Sulphur, phosphorus also can all cause decrepitation；And high-carbon steel in welding due to phenomenon of hardening, welding stress is big, also results in cold cracking
The generation of line.Therefore the welding procedure needed for both materials is also otherwise varied.In general, the welding to potassium steel is all used
Welded in water, the cold welding mode of postwelding Quench, and high-carbon steel need to typically be preheating to more than 400 DEG C in welding, using hot weld side
Formula is welded.In addition to welding procedure, the thermal coefficient of expansion of both materials also has bigger difference, therefore directly welds
Connect and will also result in big stress deformation, reduce quality of weld joint.
To solve the above problems, general can all the using of mixing welding to potassium steel and high-carbon steel has specific composition at present
Welding medium.Early stage uses the CrNi steel containing Nb or Ti such as Austrian (CN1058556A, AT-PS350881), such as
X10CrNiTi189, X10CrNiNb189, X10CNiTi1810 or X5CrNiNb1810.In Deutsche Bundespatent (DE-PS2962070)
Propose to use alloy containing Ni, such as common CrNi steel or the steel of CrNi containing manganese are used as connecting material.It is being heated in view of two phase stainless steel
During be not susceptible to crystal grain and grow up and Carbide Precipitation phenomenon, while its fusing point, the coefficient of expansion and thermal conductivity factor with to welding
It is required that potassium steel higher is close, University On The Mountain Of Swallows (CN1275463A) is proposed with CrMnNiMo series austenites-ferrite dual phase steel
As connection medium.To overcome above-mentioned welding medium manufacture problem, production cost is reduced, middle iron Bao Qiao (CN101474713A) carries
Go out the stainless steel (0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti) using the GB trade mark as welding medium, low cost is practical.The long-range mould in Shandong
Tool Materials Co., Ltd (hereinafter referred to as Shandong is long-range) increased Ni contents on this basis, reduce Mo contents, and in material
In increased Ti, constrain P≤0.02；S≤0.01(CN101748344A).The latter need in the fabrication process by intermediate frequency smelt,
All multi-pass such as electroslag remelting, annealing, blanking, forging, the treatment of expansion hydrogen, solution treatment, machining finally turn into qualified weldering
Medium is connect, Shandong is long-range to be defined as welding steel.The welding procedure of above-mentioned material is welded using flash of light soldering method, in welding
During avoided the influence of temperature Welded Joints quality, with welding quality higher, efficiently, quick, but high cost, weldering
Connect portable devices poor, it is difficult to the need for meeting field construction.
To adapt to China's national situation, Tangshan Railway Switch Factory and Harbin Institute of Technology (CN1442265A) joint propose a kind of
High carbon steel rail removes fork welding technique with potassium steel.They are directed to rail and remove the different materials of fork, respectively in rail side
Using Cr-Ni-Mo wldings, fork side is being removed using Mn-Cr-Ni wldings, in both sides electric resistance welding built-up welding by hand respectively, then to heap
Weldering welding medium is welded, with the connection requirement for meeting connection rail and removing fork.
But weld crack phenomenon of the above-mentioned welding medium to welding base metal in itself still lacks effective suppression means, and welds
Material preparation means in itself or be difficult to meet the joint quality requirement that high ferro is increasingly improved, or manufacturing process is excessively complicated,
High cost.Welding material is contacted closely with welding means, very flexible.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the problems, such as above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides one kind and is adapted to various welding means, fits
For the welding medium that potassium steel is connected with high-carbon steel, to adapt to high ferro complexity running environment, and require that there is operation higher
The use demand of reliability.
A kind of high ferro steel of welding transition containing rare earth, mainly includes proportioning components and manufacturing process, it is characterised in that：According to
The characteristics of high ferro steel, to introducing rare earth composition in welding transition steel, its chemical composition ranges is：C：0.05-0.2%、Si：≤
0.5%、Cr：15-18%、Mn：2.0-6.0%、Ni：6-13%、Mo：0.7-1.2%、S+P：≤ 0.025%, rare earth ferrosilicon：0.5-
1.5% and balance of Fe.
Further, described manufacturing process uses vacuum induction melting cast-in-place method, comprises the following steps that,
According to chemical composition dispensing-vacuum induction melting-vacuum in situ casting-annealing-blanking-forging-solution treatment-machining-inspection
Test, preparing turns into welding transition steel finished product.
Further, 1) described vacuum induction melting technique is main to use vacuum melting and casting method, vacuum 10-
2-102Pa, recharges inert gas to 102-103Pa to reduce the volatilization of Mn；2) power frequency or intermediate frequency (IF) smelting are used, to increase melt
Stirring, promotes melt temperature, composition uniform.
Further, described cast-in-place method 1) pour mold or semi-continuous casting tundish be placed in it is same true
In cavity；2) according to cast ingot dimension, can be from single bag or many bag induction meltings and cast in situ；3) semi-continuous casting is used
Tundish and water mold scheme are molded in vacuum chamber, and it is available under draw method or horizontal continuous casting method draws outside vacuum chamber
Go out ingot casting.
A kind of high ferro steel Preparation Method of welding transition containing rare earth, comprises the following steps：
Step one, proportion scheme is determined according to chemical analysis, pure using low S, P dispensing, be of moderate size material block；
Step 2, using vacuum list bag or many bag induction melting founding method, vacuum meets 10-2-102Pa, big according to ingot casting
Small selection single-station or multistation power frequency or Medium frequency induction melting, recharge inert gas to 102-103Pa to reduce the volatilization of Mn；
Big block leans on sidewall of crucible, fritter to be first powered (40-60%) with smaller power in middle and bottom when step 3, charging, and 10
After minute, then with high-power, a small amount of slag making materials is added after major part fusing；
Step 4, melting complete to stand, by setting dam pushing off the slag at crucible discharging opening or tundish charging aperture；
Step 5, the molten steel for completing refining in same vacuum chamber pour into mold or semicontinuous casting according to setting casting process
In the tundish made, coagulation forming.Semi-continuous casting method draws method under can passing through or the method for horizontal casting draws vacuum chamber, and
Secondary cooling is carried out outside vacuum chamber；
Step 6, annealed, blanking, forging after solution treatment, make it meet welding shape and quality requirement.
Compared with existing treatment technology, the present invention has the advantages that：
The present invention can be reclaimed to the terephthalic acid (TPA) for being difficult to degrade, and save processing cost, combine multiple-effect catalysis oxidation
With the useless Organic substance in water of technology of biological membrane removal, sodium sulphate reuse and pure water reuse are realized, be truly realized comprehensive step money
Source.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the smelting of vacuum power frequency and tilted casting schematic device in situ in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is double-contracting vacuum metling and semi-continuous casting device schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Specific embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
The vacuum power frequency melting list bag of embodiment 1 is cast（As shown in Figure 1）
Welding steel constitution proportioning：C：0.05-0.2%, Si：≤ 0.5%, Cr：15%, Mn：6.0%, Ni：6%, Mo：0.9%, S+P：≤
0.025%, rare earth ferrosilicon：1%, balance of Fe.
Melting raw material：Electrolysis Mn of the purity not less than 99.9%；Electrolysis Cr；Pure Ni plates；Pure Mo rods, ingot iron, rare earth
Ferrosilicon.Wherein it is as shown in the table for rare earth ferrosilicon composition：
| Si | Fe | Mn | Ti | Ce | La | Pr | Nd | Sm |
| 40% | 20% | 5% | 3% | 15% | 8% | 3% | 5.1% | 0.9% |
Welding base metal：High-carbon steel after forging：U71Mn, water-tenacity treatment potassium steel：ZGMn13.
Vacuum metling：Smelted using vacuum power frequency, 10-2Pa is evacuated to using mechanical pump+lobe pump combination, recharged lazy
Property gas is to 103 Pa.Melting kettle uses basic lining, using preceding being toasted, 250-350 DEG C of baking temperature, baking time
6-8 hours.In addition to electrolytic manganese, rare earth ferrosilicon, remaining raw material is put into stove.After main frequency furnace 60% is powered 10 minutes, full power liter
Temperature.30 minutes are incubated after to cast temperature, and are kept stirring for state, it is ensured that melt temperature and composition are uniform.Will electrolysis before coming out of the stove
Manganese and rare earth ferrosilicon are put into stove.Continue to be incubated 10 minutes, keep melt temperature and composition uniform.Before coming out of the stove sampling analysis into
Part, when composition meets the requirements, cast after keeping sample.
Casting：Casting Equipment is in same vacuum chamber with vacuum metling, after the completion of vacuum metling, that is, is carried out original position and is verted
Casting.1600-1650 DEG C of cast temperature.Die temperance control is at 200-400 DEG C.
Forging heat treatment：By the blanking of casting ingot casting, insulation, after forged.1100-1200 DEG C of initial forging temperature, eventually
900-950 DEG C of temperature of forging.After the completion of forging, solution heat treatment is carried out.
Machining：Heat treatment is completed into raw material and presses workpiece configurations machine-shaping to be welded, and cleaned out.
Inspection：Including outline inspection and service check.
Welding procedure：High-carbon steel joint and welding steel are preheated at 400 DEG C, conventional resistive weldering or flash welding is carried out, then another
Potassium steel is welded in one end, notes forcing cooling in welding process.
The vacuum intermediate-frequency melting double-contracting direct chill casting of embodiment 2（As shown in Figure 2）
Welding steel constitution proportioning：C：0.05-0.2%, Si：≤ 0.5%, Cr：15-18%, Mn：2.0-6.0%, Ni：6-13%, Mo：
0.7-1.2%, S+P：≤ 0.025%, rare earth ferrosilicon：0.5-1.5%, balance of Fe.
Melting raw material：Electrolysis Mn of the purity not less than 99.9%；Electrolysis Cr；Pure Ni plates；Pure Mo rods, ingot iron, rare earth
Ferrosilicon.Wherein it is as shown in the table for rare earth ferrosilicon composition：
| Si | Fe | Mn | Ti | Ce | La | Pr | Nd | Sm |
| 40% | 20% | 5% | 3% | 15% | 8% | 3% | 5.1% | 0.9% |
Welding base metal：High-carbon steel after forging：U71Mn, water-tenacity treatment potassium steel：ZGMn13.
Vacuum metling：Smelted using vacuum intermediate-frequency stove, 10-2Pa is evacuated to using mechanical pump+lobe pump combination, recharged
Inert gas is to 103Pa.Melting kettle uses basic lining, using preceding being toasted, 250-350 DEG C of baking temperature, during baking
Between 6-8 hours.In addition to electrolytic manganese, rare earth ferrosilicon, remaining raw material is put into stove.After intermediate frequency furnace 50% is powered 10 minutes, full power
Heat up.30 minutes are incubated after to cast temperature, and are kept stirring for state, it is ensured that melt temperature and composition are uniform.By electricity before coming out of the stove
Xie Meng and rare earth ferrosilicon are put into stove.Continue to be incubated 10 minutes, keep melt temperature and composition uniform.Before coming out of the stove sampling analysis into
Part, when composition meets the requirements, direct chill casting is carried out after keeping sample.
Semi-continuous casting：Semi-continuous casting equipment is in same vacuum chamber with vacuum metling, after the completion of vacuum metling, i.e.,
Carry out direct chill casting.1600-1650 DEG C of cast temperature.Direct chill casting crystallizer water temperature is controlled at 40-60 DEG C.
Forging heat treatment：By the blanking of casting ingot casting, insulation, after forged.1100-1200 DEG C of initial forging temperature, eventually
900-950 DEG C of temperature of forging.After the completion of forging, solution heat treatment is carried out.
Machining：Heat treatment is completed into raw material and presses workpiece configurations machine-shaping to be welded, and cleaned out.
Inspection：Including outline inspection and service check.
Welding procedure：High-carbon steel joint and welding steel are preheated at 400 DEG C, conventional resistive weldering or flash welding is carried out, then another
Potassium steel is welded in one end, notes forcing cooling in welding process.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, on the premise of the technology of the present invention principle is not departed from, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications
Also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of high ferro steel of welding transition containing rare earth, mainly includes proportioning components and manufacturing process, it is characterised in that：According to height
The characteristics of iron steel, to introducing rare earth composition in welding transition steel, its chemical composition ranges is：C：0.05-0.2%、Si：≤
0.5%、Cr：15-18%、Mn：2.0-6.0%、Ni：6-13%、Mo：0.7-1.2%、S+P：≤ 0.025%, rare earth ferrosilicon：0.5-
1.5% and balance of Fe.
2. the high ferro according to claim 1 steel of welding transition containing rare earth, it is characterised in that：Manufacturing process uses vacuum sense
Melting cast-in-place method is answered, is comprised the following steps that, cast according to chemical composition dispensing-vacuum induction melting-vacuum in situ
- blanking-forging-solution treatment-machining-inspection is made-anneals, preparing turns into welding transition steel finished product.
3. vacuum induction melting technique according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：1) vacuum melting and casting side are used
Method, vacuum 10-2-102Pa recharges inert gas to 102-103Pa to reduce the volatilization of Mn；2) it is molten using power frequency or intermediate frequency
Refining, to increase Melt Stirring, promotes melt temperature, composition uniform.
4. cast-in-place method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：1) centre of mold or semi-continuous casting is poured
Bag is placed in same vacuum chamber；2) according to cast ingot dimension, can be from single bag or many bag induction meltings and cast in situ；3) half
Continuously casting be molded using tundish and water mold scheme in vacuum chamber, and draws method or horizontal continuous casting method under can use
Ingot casting is drawn outside vacuum chamber.
5. a kind of high ferro steel Preparation Method of welding transition containing rare earth, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
Step one, proportion scheme is determined according to chemical analysis, pure using low S, P dispensing, be of moderate size material block；
Step 2, using vacuum list bag or many bag induction melting founding method, vacuum meets 10-2-102Pa, big according to ingot casting
Small selection single-station or multistation power frequency or Medium frequency induction melting, recharge inert gas to 102-103Pa to reduce the volatilization of Mn；
Big block leans on sidewall of crucible, fritter to be first powered (40-60%) with smaller power in middle and bottom when step 3, charging, and 10
After minute, then with high-power, a small amount of slag making materials is added after major part fusing；
Step 4, melting complete to stand, by setting dam pushing off the slag at crucible discharging opening or tundish charging aperture；
Step 5, the molten steel for completing refining in same vacuum chamber pour into mold or semicontinuous casting according to setting casting process
In the tundish made, coagulation forming, semi-continuous casting method draws method under can passing through or the method for horizontal casting draws vacuum chamber, and
Secondary cooling is carried out outside vacuum chamber；
Step 6, annealed, blanking, forging after solution treatment, make it meet welding shape and quality requirement.
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| CN201611120914.7A CN106702261B (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | Rare earth-containing welding transition steel for high-speed rail and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201611120914.7A CN106702261B (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | Rare earth-containing welding transition steel for high-speed rail and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106702261A true CN106702261A (en) | 2017-05-24 |
| CN106702261B CN106702261B (en) | 2020-02-07 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108411222A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-17 | 冯满 | A kind of steel alloy |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5304777A (en) * | 1991-04-24 | 1994-04-19 | Manoir Industries | Method of connecting a manganese steel part to another carbon steel part and assembly thus obtained |
| CN1275463A (en) * | 2000-07-21 | 2000-12-06 | 燕山大学 | Medium flash welding method for high manganese steel frog and carbon steel rail |
| CN101748344A (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2010-06-23 | 山东远大模具材料有限公司 | Railway track welded steel and manufacturing technology thereof |
-
2016
- 2016-12-08 CN CN201611120914.7A patent/CN106702261B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5304777A (en) * | 1991-04-24 | 1994-04-19 | Manoir Industries | Method of connecting a manganese steel part to another carbon steel part and assembly thus obtained |
| CN1275463A (en) * | 2000-07-21 | 2000-12-06 | 燕山大学 | Medium flash welding method for high manganese steel frog and carbon steel rail |
| CN101748344A (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2010-06-23 | 山东远大模具材料有限公司 | Railway track welded steel and manufacturing technology thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 郭面焕 等: "稀土元素改善高锰钢焊条的组织性能", 《焊接》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108411222A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-17 | 冯满 | A kind of steel alloy |
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| CN106702261B (en) | 2020-02-07 |
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