CN106701282A - Gear oil composition and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Gear oil composition and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106701282A
CN106701282A CN201611205508.0A CN201611205508A CN106701282A CN 106701282 A CN106701282 A CN 106701282A CN 201611205508 A CN201611205508 A CN 201611205508A CN 106701282 A CN106701282 A CN 106701282A
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oil composition
gear oil
gear
composition according
acid
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CN106701282B (en
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范海粉
王瑞兴
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SHANGHAI HITECRUN SPECIAL LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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SHANGHAI HITECRUN SPECIAL LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/045—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and non-macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
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    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
    • C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C10M2207/128—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
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    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
    • C10M2219/022—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
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    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
    • C10M2219/106—Thiadiazoles
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    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/041—Triaryl phosphates
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/08—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-nitrogen bonds
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    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2227/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions having a silicon-to-carbon bond, e.g. organo-silanes
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    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
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    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
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    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
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    • C10N2030/72—Extended drain
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    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/76—Reduction of noise, shudder, or vibrations
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    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives

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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a gear oil composition and a preparation method thereof. The gear oil composition comprises the following components in percentage by total weight of100%: 78.5-98.39% of base oil, preferably 85-97%, and more preferably 91-95%, 0.1-4% of a sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent, preferably 0.5-2%, 0.1-4% of a phosphorus-containing anti-wear agent, preferably 0.5-2%, 0.1-3% of fatty acid, preferably 0.3-2%, 0.1-1% of alkylsilane, preferably 0.5-1%, 0.3-6% of hydrophilic fumed silica, preferably 0.5-3%, 0.01-0.5% of a metal deactivator, preferably 0.03-0.1%, 0.3-3% of an antioxidant, preferably 0.5-1.5%. The gear oil composition provided by the invention sufficiently utilizes the wear reduction function of the hydrophilic fumed silica and the extreme pressure anti-wear functions of the sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent and the phosphorus-containing anti-wear agent, and is a gear oil composition with integrated functions of wear reduction, wear resistance, extreme pressure resistance, oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance.

Description

Gear oil composition and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gear oil composition and preparation method thereof, belong to lubricating oil field.
Background technology
Gear oil is one of three big kinds in lubricating oil, and vital work is played in the power transmission of various equipment With.Due to gear, operationally load is larger, thus with good extreme pressure anti-wear be gear oil most important feature it One, especially develop towards top load, high-temperature, high pressure operation direction now with machinery, to the anti-carrying energy of industrial gear oil Power, anti-attrition anti-wear performance requirement more and more higher, to prevent tooth surface abrasion, scratch, sintering etc., so as to extend its service life, carry High pass power efficiency.
Patent application document CN101280240A provides a kind of gear oil composition, and its additive is by phosphite ester and phosphoric acid Phosphorus system extreme pressure agent, nitrogen system corrosion inhibitor, nitrogen sulphur system corrosion inhibitor, viscosity index improver, dialkyl dithio that ester is constituted Trbasic zinc phosphate etc. is constituted, though the extreme pressure and antiwear behavior with appropriateness, cannot improve the Wear vesistance of product.
Patent application document CN105524682A by adding the organic-molybdenum anti-friction composition of 5-20%, be prepared for a kind of abrasion from Gear oil is repaired, certain antioxygenic property and extreme pressure anti-wear is respectively provided with different temperatures, and can also be to gear surface A certain degree of reparation is played, but molybdate compound has higher requirements to the dissolubility of base oil, is difficult to prepare transparent and homogeneous Liquid.
Patent application document CN105555929A be related to it is a kind of containing oil base stock and at least 0.01wt% friction reduction The gear oil composition of additive, the friction reduction additive includes glycerine and/or polyglycereol C12-C24 saturated fat esters, Coefficient of friction can be down to 0.66 or so, but the preparation process of the anti-friction composition is complicated, does not there is the commodity of industrialized production also.
The content of the invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of gear oil composition and preparation method thereof.The gear oil composition can Heavy load is born, anti-attrition abrasion resistance is excellent, and coefficient of friction is relatively low, and appearance transparent stabilization, excellent combination property, it is adaptable to It is various with gear-driven industrial equipment.
The scheme for solving problem
The present invention provides a kind of gear oil composition, is counted as 100% with the gear oil composition gross weight, including following Component：
Base oil：78.5-98.39%, preferably 85-97%, more preferably 91-95%；
Sulfur-containing extreme-pressure additive：0.1-4%, preferably 0.5-2%；
Phosphorous antiwear additive：0.1-4%, preferably 0.5-2%；
Aliphatic acid：0.1-3%, preferably 0.3-2%；
Alkyl silane：0.1-1%, preferably 0.5-1%；
Hydrophilic fumed silica：0.3-6%, preferably 0.5-3%；
Matal deactivator：0.01-0.5%, preferably 0.03-0.1%；
Antioxidant：0.3-3%, preferably 0.5-1.5%.
Gear oil composition of the invention, the base oil includes：In Esters oil, polyalphaolefin artificial oil, mineral oil One or more；Preferably, the base oil includes：Polyol ester, tricarboxymethyl propane oleate, neopentyl glycol aliphatic acid Ester, multiple ester, adipic acid two (2- propyl group heptan) ester, the isotridecanol of adipic acid two, PAO6, PAO8, PAO10, PAO40, PAO65, In PAO100, mineral oil 150BS, mineral oil 120BS, mineral oil 500N, mineral oil 150N, mineral oil 250N, mineral oil 600N One or more；It is highly preferred that the base oil includes：In multiple ester, polyol ester, PAO10, PAO40, mineral oil 500N One or more.
Gear oil composition of the invention, the sulfur-containing extreme-pressure additive includes：Thiadiazole compound or derivatives thereof, Preferably, described thiadiazole compound or derivatives thereof includes the compound as shown in following formula (1)：
Preferably, the phosphorous antiwear additive includes：Alkoxy phosphate class antiwear additive；Preferably, the alkoxy phosphoric acid The preparation method of salt antiwear additive includes：Low-carbon alcohols and phosphorus oxychloride reaction are obtained into alkyl phosphoric acid, by the alkyl phosphoric acid with Amine reacts, and obtains alkoxy phosphate antiwear additive.
Gear oil composition of the invention, the aliphatic acid is included in ten dihydroxystearic acids, stearic acid, oleic acid One or more, preferably include one or two in ten dihydroxystearic acids, stearic acid.
Gear oil composition of the invention, the alkyl silane has the structural formula as shown in following formula (1)：
CnH2n+1Si(OCH3)3 (1)
Wherein, n is the integer between 10-18, the integer between preferably 10-12, more preferably 12.
Gear oil composition of the invention, the hydrophilic fumed silica has loose structure, described hydrophilic The particle size range of property aerosil is not more than 100nm；Preferably no greater than 50nm.
Gear oil composition of the invention, the matal deactivator includes：Benzotriazole or derivatives thereof, benzothiazole Or derivatives thereof, one or more in benzimidazole or derivatives thereof, indazole or derivatives thereof.
Gear oil composition of the invention, the antioxidant includes：In amine antioxidants or phenolic antioxidant one Plant or two kinds；Preferably, the amine antioxidants include：It is right, in p- dioctyl diphenylamine, octyl group butyl diphenylamines, naphthylamines One or more；The phenolic antioxidant includes：DBPC 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol, double (3,5- di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyl benzyls) One or two in thioether.
Gear oil composition of the invention, the matter of the aliphatic acid, alkyl silane and hydrophilic fumed silica Amount is than being (0.5-2)：(0.5-1)：1.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of gear oil composition of the invention, including by the gear oil group The step of each component of compound mixes.
The effect of invention
Gear oil composition of the present invention makes full use of the anti-attrition of hydrophilic fumed silica, sulfur-containing extreme-pressure additive and phosphorous The extreme-pressure anti-wear effect of antiwear additive, is a kind of to integrate anti-attrition, wear-resistant, extreme pressure, anti-oxidant and Corrosion Protection gear oil Composition.The viscosity temperature characteristic of gear oil composition is excellent, excellent combination property, is applicable to various teeth that are light, neutralizing heavy load Wheel transmission lubrication, effectively mitigates gear pitting corrosion, abrasion and rubs, and reduces noise and organism temperature that gear is produced in the running, Reduce energy consumption, extend gear life.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of gear oil composition, including following components：Base oil, sulfur-containing extreme-pressure additive, phosphorous antiwear additive, Aliphatic acid, alkyl silane, hydrophilic fumed silica, matal deactivator and antioxidant.
Gear oil composition of the invention, is counted with the gross weight of the gear oil composition as 100%, the basis The addition of oil is 78.5-98.39%, more preferably preferably 85-97%, 91-95%.
When the addition of base oil is less than 78.5% so that additive level is too high, it is impossible to give full play to each additive Effect, the combination property of preparation-obtained gear oil composition is deteriorated on the contrary, the cost performance reduction of gear oil composition；When When the addition of base oil is more than 98.39%, can cause that the content of additive of the invention is relatively low, it is impossible to preparation-obtained Gear oil composition provides sufficient performance guarantee.
Specifically, the base oil includes：One or more in Esters oil, polyalphaolefin artificial oil, mineral oil.More Body ground, the base oil includes：Polyol ester is (for example：Pentaerythritol ester), tricarboxymethyl propane oleate, neopentyl glycol fat Acid esters, multiple ester, adipic acid two (2- propyl group heptan) ester, the isotridecanol of adipic acid two, PAO6, PAO8, PAO10, PAO40, PAO65, PAO100, mineral oil 150BS, mineral oil 120BS, mineral oil 500N, mineral oil 150N, mineral oil 250N, mineral oil One or more in 600N, it is highly preferred that the base oil includes：Multiple ester, polyol ester, PAO10, PAO40, mineral oil One or more in 500N.
The viscosity of base oil of the invention is measured according to GB/T265, at 40 DEG C, the kinematic viscosity of the base oil is in 5- 50000mm2Between/s, preferably in 50-5000mm2Between/s.
In addition, in base oil of the invention can also contain American Petroleum Institute (API) classification group I, II, III, IV and The base oil of V, or their mixture.
Gear oil composition of the invention, is counted with the gross weight of the gear oil composition as 100%, sulfur-bearing extreme pressure The addition of agent is 0.1-4%, preferably 0.5-2%；When sulfur-containing extreme-pressure additive addition is less than 0.1%, it is impossible to gear oil Composition provides sufficient extreme pressure property, when the addition of sulfur-containing extreme-pressure additive is more than 4%, the extreme pressure property of gear oil composition Can not further improve, and the utilization rate of sulfur-containing extreme-pressure additive can be reduced, increase cost of material, while can also influence gear oil to combine The anti-oxidant and metal erosion performance of thing.
Specifically, the sulfur-containing extreme-pressure additive includes：Thiadiazole compound or derivatives thereof, the thiadiazole compound Or derivatives thereof can include：Thiadiazoles disulfide dimer, for example：2,5- dimercapto -1,3,4- thiadiazoles disulphide Dimer, shown in the structural formula such as following formula (1) of the dimer of 2, the 5- dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazoles disulphide：
, with excellent anti-sintering extreme pressure property, it can be with metal for thiadiazole compound of the invention or derivatives thereof Surface forms double coordination, contained two ring structures can parallel orientation in metal surface, form bidentate composite construction, its In any one ring structure desorption, all without making thiadiazole compound or derivatives thereof be dissociated from metal surface, thus can Keep the extreme pressure property of stabilization.
Additionally, also there is thiadiazole compound of the invention or derivatives thereof anti-oxidant, metal passivation, wear-resistant etc. to make With overcoming traditional extreme pressure agent causes the problems such as antioxygenic property of gear oil composition is reduced, copper corrosion is serious.
Gear oil composition of the invention, is counted with the gross weight of the gear oil composition as 100%, phosphorous wear-resistant The addition of agent is 0.1-4%, preferably 0.5-2%；When the addition of phosphorous antiwear additive is less than 0.1%, it is impossible to gear Fluid composition provides sufficiently wear-resistant effect, and when the addition of phosphorous antiwear additive is more than 4%, other used in the present invention add Plus effect of agent can decline on the contrary, the service efficiency of phosphorous antiwear additive is reduced, and also the oxygen of gear oil composition can be influenceed Change stability.
Specifically, the phosphorous antiwear additive includes：Alkoxy phosphate class antiwear additive；Add alkoxy phosphate class wear-resistant Agent can make gear oil composition with more preferable wear-resistant anti-wear performance, and can be with sulfur-containing extreme-pressure additive (for example：Thiadiazole Compound or derivatives thereof) synergy is produced, so that gear oil composition has excellent extreme pressure and antiwear behavior.
Specifically, the alkoxy phosphate class antiwear additive can be commercially available prod, or the preparation by routine What method was prepared, for example, the preparation method of the alkoxy phosphate class antiwear additive includes：By low-carbon alcohols and trichlorine Oxygen phosphorus reaction obtains alkyl phosphoric acid, and the alkyl phosphoric acid and amine are reacted, and obtains alkoxy phosphate class antiwear additive.
Gear oil composition of the invention, is counted with the gross weight of the gear oil composition as 100%, aliphatic acid Addition is 0.1-3%, preferably 0.3-2%；When the addition of aliphatic acid is less than 0.1%, it is impossible to promote hydrophily gas phase The abundant dissolving of silica, when the addition of aliphatic acid is more than 3%, it promotees peptizaiton and does not continue to increase, the present invention Aliphatic acid utilization rate decline.
Specifically, the aliphatic acid has preferable compatibility with base oil and hydrophilic fumed silica, effectively promotees Enter dispersion of the hydrophilic fumed silica in containing the polar group such as base oil containing ester group, form appearance transparent homogeneous Liquid, aliphatic acid is also preferable oiliness improver in addition, and wear-resistant synergy can be realized with alkoxy phosphate class antiwear additive, from And further enhance the abrasion resistance and greasy property of gear oil composition.
Gear oil composition of the invention, is counted, alkyl silane with the gross weight of the gear oil composition as 100% Addition be 0.1-1%, preferably 0.5-1%；When the addition of alkyl silane is less than 0.1%, it is impossible to promote hydrophily Aerosil fully dissolves, and when the addition of alkyl silane is more than 1%, the effective rate of utilization of alkyl silane declines.
In gear oil composition of the present invention, alkyl silane of the invention is a kind of long chain alkyl silane, preferably Chain alkyl trimethoxy silane.The alkyl silane has the structural formula as shown in following formula (1)：
CnH2n+1Si(OCH3)3 (1)
Wherein, n is the integer between 10-18, the integer between preferably 10-12, more preferably 12.
The alkyl silane contains two different groups of chemical property：One be close inorganic matter group-OCH3, it can With silica surface chemically reactive, firm chemical bonding is formed；Another is organophilic group-CnH2n+1, with hydrocarbon Base etc. has preferable compatibility, can further improve dissolubility of the silica in hydrocarbon-type oil.
Gear oil composition of the invention, is counted with the gross weight of the gear oil composition as 100%, hydrophily gas The addition of aerosil is 0.3-6%, preferably 0.5-3%；When the addition of hydrophilic silicon oxides is less than 0.3% When, it is impossible to sufficient anti-attrition and viscosity temperature characteristic are provided to gear oil composition, thickening capabilities are poor, work as hydrophilic fumed silica Addition be more than 6% when, the viscosity of the gear oil composition for preparing is excessive, be not suitable for gear oil composition operating mode will Ask.
Hydrophilic fumed silica solid powder of the invention can be dissolved completely in base oil, can not only be strengthened The viscosity temperature characteristic of gear oil composition, additionally it is possible to significantly reduce the coefficient of friction of gear oil composition.In the present invention, hydrophily gas Aerosil has loose structure, and particle size range is not more than 100nm；Preferably no greater than 50nm.
Hydrophilic fumed silica of the invention can be by commercially available acquisition, it is also possible to obtained by conventional preparation method .
For example, gear oil composition of the invention, the preparation method bag of the hydrophilic fumed silica Include following steps：
After silicon tetrachloride is gasified at high temperature, in the presence of hydrogen and oxygen, or air, enter at high temperature Row vapor phase hydrolysis, obtain aerosil；
The aerosil is purged to pH between 4-6 using nitrogenous air, obtained hydrophily gas phase two Silica.
Specifically, after silicon tetrachloride is gasified at 1000-1800 DEG C of flame temperature, in hydrogen and oxygen, or air In the presence of, vapor phase hydrolysis are carried out at a high temperature of 1800 DEG C or so, aerosil is obtained, the gas phase for now generating Silica dioxide granule is superfine, and aerosol is formed with gas, is difficult trapping.Therefore, it can the aerosil that will be obtained poly- Larger particles are gathered into storage, through cyclone collection, deacidification furnace is re-fed into；Finally utilize nitrogenous air blowing gas phase two Silica to pH value is 4-6, as finished product hydrophilic fumed silica.
Specifically, the mass ratio of the aliphatic acid, alkyl silane and hydrophilic fumed silica is (0.5-2)：(0.5- 1)：1, when the mass ratio of aliphatic acid, alkyl silane and hydrophilic fumed silica is at (0.5-2)：(0.5-1)：In the range of 1 When, aliphatic acid and alkyl silane have preferable compatibility, while playing significant rush dispersion, promoting dissolution, make hydrophily Aerosil and base oil form the system of stable homogeneous.
Gear oil composition of the invention, is counted with the gross weight of the gear oil composition as 100%, metal passivation The addition of agent is 0.01-0.5%, preferably 0.03-0.1%.
Specifically, the matal deactivator includes：Benzotriazole or derivatives thereof, benzothiazole or derivatives thereof, thiadiazoles Or derivatives thereof, one or more in benzimidazole or derivatives thereof, indazole or derivatives thereof.
Gear oil composition of the invention, is counted with the gross weight of the gear oil composition as 100%, antioxidant Addition is 0.3-3%, preferably 0.5-1.5%；Specifically, the antioxidant is including in amine antioxidants or phenolic antioxidant One or two；Preferably, the amine antioxidants include：It is right, p- dioctyl diphenylamine, octyl group butyl diphenylamines, naphthylamines In one or more；The phenolic antioxidant includes：DBPC 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol, double (3,5- di-t-butyl -4- hydroxyl benzyls Base) one or two in thioether.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of gear oil composition of the invention, including by the tooth The step of each component for taking turns fluid composition mixes.
Specifically, the preparation method is comprised the following steps：
1) alkyl silane and hydrophilic fumed silica are mixed into 10-20min at 70-90 DEG C, obtains mixed liquor；
2) aliphatic acid is added in base oil, is heated to 75-90 DEG C, stirring 5-10min is to being completely dissolved；
3) above-mentioned steps 1 are added) mixed liquor, continue stir 5-30min, now system present transparent and homogeneous state；
4) 40-60 DEG C is cooled to, sulfur-containing extreme-pressure additive, phosphorous antiwear additive, matal deactivator and antioxidant is added, is stirred To homogeneous transparent, gear oil composition is obtained.
Embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.It is unreceipted specific in embodiment Condition person, the condition advised according to normal condition or manufacturer is carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, are Can by city available from conventional products.
Embodiment 1
By the dodecyltrimethoxysilane (manufacturer of 1 weight portion：Nanjing Quan Xi Chemical Co., Ltd.s, trade mark QX- 1213, similarly hereinafter) it is added to the hydrophilic fumed silica (manufacturer for filling 1 weight portion：Evonik Degussa companies, The trade mark：In heating container AEROSIL 300, similarly hereinafter), 80 DEG C are warming up to, are sufficiently stirred for 20min；By the season penta of 60 weight portions Four alcohol ester (manufacturers：Croda Chemical companies, the trade mark：Priolube3987, similarly hereinafter) and 33.9 weight portions poly- α alkene Hydrocarbon artificial oil (manufacturer：Exxonmobil companies, the trade mark：Synbase Polyolefin40) it is added in reactor, tie up Kettle temperature is held at 80 DEG C, the stearic acid of 1 weight portion, stirring 7min to homogeneous transparent is added；The dodecyl in container will be heated again The mixture of trimethoxy silane and hydrophilic fumed silica is added in stainless steel mediation kettle, stirs 10min, stops adding Heat, and kettle temperature is down to 50 DEG C with cooling water, then successively by the thiadiazoles disulfide dimer (manufacturer of 1 weight portion： Vanderbilt companies, the trade mark：Vanlube829, similarly hereinafter), the alkoxy phosphate (manufacturer of 1 weight portion：Shenyang Hua Lun Oil product Chemical Co., Ltd., the trade mark：P120, similarly hereinafter), 1 weight portion octyl group butyl diphenylamines, the benzotriazole class of 0.1 weight portion are spread out Biological (manufacturer：Jinzhou Kangtai Lube Additive Co., Ltd., the trade mark：T551, similarly hereinafter) be added in reactor, stir All dissolved and homogeneous transparent to mixture, obtain gear oil composition I.
Comparative example 1
Except the stearic acid of 1 weight portion in embodiment 1 is replaced with the dodecyltrimethoxysilane of 1 weight portion with Outward, according to method same as Example 1, gear oil composition II is obtained.
Comparative example 2
Except the dodecyltrimethoxysilane of 1 weight portion in embodiment 1 is replaced with the stearic acid of 1 weight portion with Outward, according to method same as Example 1, gear oil composition III is obtained.
Comparative example 3
Hydrophobicity gas phase except the hydrophilic fumed silica of 1 weight portion in embodiment 1 to be replaced with 1 weight portion Silica (manufacturer：Win wound Degussa Degussa, the trade mark：R972 beyond), according to method same as Example 1, obtain To gear oil composition IV.
Comparative example 4
Pentaerythritol ester except the hydrophilic fumed silica of 1 weight portion in embodiment 1 to be replaced with 1 weight portion In addition, according to method same as Example 1, gear oil composition V is obtained.
Said gear fluid composition I, II, III, IV and V are carried out into performance test respectively, as a result as shown in table 1.
Table 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the maximum nonseizure load PB of preparation-obtained gear oil composition I of the invention is reachable More than 1400N, sintering load PD are 4900N, and extreme pressure and antiwear behavior is notable；In addition the mill spot of gear oil composition I of the present invention is straight Footpath is only 0.3mm, and coefficient of friction is 0.05, is also had preferably with superpower Wear-resistant performance, and gear oil composition I Viscosity temperature characteristic and decay resistance, viscosity index (VI) is more than 180.
Comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 cannot obtain uniform and stable transparent gear oil composition, turbid appearance and have compared with More tiny solid particle, therefore, hydrophilic fumed silica can be equal under the compounding use of aliphatic acid and alkyl silane Even stabilization is dispersed in base oil.
By comparative example 3 it is recognized that while hydrophilic fumed silica and hydrophobicity aerosil are all nano-particle, But hydrophobicity aerosil cannot prepare the gear oil composition of transparent and homogeneous.
The gear oil composition V of comparative example 4 does not contain hydrophilic fumed silica, relative to the gear oil of embodiment 1 Composition I, its viscosity and viscosity index (VI) reduction, wear scar diameter increase, and coefficient of friction increase is especially apparent, and illustrates hydrophily gas phase After silica is dissolved in base oil, viscosity and viscosity index (VI) can be preferably improved, reduce coefficient of friction, increase wearability Energy.
Embodiment 2
The dodecyltrimethoxysilane of 0.8 weight portion is added to the hydrophily gas phase dioxy for filling 0.5 weight portion In the heating container of SiClx, 90 DEG C are warming up to, are sufficiently stirred for 10min；By the mineral oil 150BS (manufacturers of 84.3 weight portions： Sinopec Refinery of Maoming Petrochemical Corporation, the trade mark：150BS) and in the pentaerythritol ester addition reactor of 10 weight portions, maintenance reaction kettle Temperature adds ten dihydroxystearic acids of 1 weight portion, stirring 10min to homogeneous transparent at 90 DEG C；Again will heat container in ten The mixture of dialkyl group trimethoxy silane and hydrophilic fumed silica is added in stainless steel mediation kettle, stirs 30min, Stop heating, and kettle temperature is down to 50 DEG C with cooling water, then successively by thiadiazoles disulfide dimer, 1.5 of 0.8 weight portion The alkoxy phosphate of weight portion, 1 weight portion octyl group butyl diphenylamines, the benzotriazole analog derivative of 0.1 weight portion are added to instead Answer in kettle, stirring to mixture is all dissolved and homogeneous transparent, obtains gear oil composition VI.
Embodiment 3
Vulcanization except the thiadiazoles disulfide dimer of 0.8 weight portion in embodiment 2 to be replaced with 0.8 weight portion Isobutene (manufacturer：Jinzhou Kangtai Lube Additive Co., Ltd., the trade mark：T321 beyond), according to same as Example 2 Method, obtain gear oil composition VII.
Embodiment 4
Tricresyl phosphate except the alkoxy phosphate of 1.5 weight portions in embodiment 2 to be replaced with 1.5 weight portions (manufacturer：Jinzhou Kangtai Lube Additive Co., Ltd., the trade mark：T306 beyond), according to side same as Example 2 Method, obtains gear oil composition VIII.
Comparative example 5
Except the weight portion of the thiadiazoles disulfide dimer in embodiment 2 is replaced with into 4.8 weight by 0.8 weight portion Part, the weight portion of alkoxy phosphate replaces with 4.5 weight portions by 1.5 weight portions, by the weight portion of mineral oil 150BS by 84.3 Weight portion is replaced with beyond 77.3 weight portions, according to method same as Example 2, obtains finished gear fluid composition IX.
Said gear fluid composition VI, VII, VIII and IX are carried out into performance test respectively, as a result as shown in table 2.
Table 2
As can be seen from Table 2, the outward appearance of the gear oil composition VI-VIII for being prepared by embodiment 2-4 is transparent, possess compared with Viscosity index (VI) high.
By the gear oil composition VI data of embodiment 2 can be seen that PB values and PD values in four ball extreme pressure tests compared with It is high and with relatively low coefficient of friction and wear scar diameter, good viscosity temperature characteristic, wear-resistant anti-wear performance and anti-can be shown Heavy load performance, high comprehensive performance.
Be can be seen that relative to other sulfur-bearings by gear oil composition VII and the VIII data of embodiment 3 and embodiment 4 Extreme pressure agent and phosphorous antiwear additive, thiadiazoles disulfide dimer and alkoxy phosphate selected by the present invention can have been given play to more Significant extreme pressure property and abrasion resistance, and the two has certain synergy, can give play to more efficient during compounding use Performance；In addition, be can see by gear oil composition VII, when from other sulfur-containing extreme-pressure additives, to the oxygen of gear oil composition Change stability and copper corrosion and also have and have a certain impact.
In gear oil composition IX prepared by comparative example 5, thiadiazoles disulfide dimer and alkoxy phosphate content It is higher, but the reduction of the maximum nonseizure load PB values of gear oil composition IX, wear scar diameter and coefficient of friction increase, oxidation peace Also there is downward trend in qualitative and copper corrosion performance, therefore, sulfur-containing extreme-pressure additive of the present invention and phosphorous antiwear additive are in this hair When in bright scope, it is capable of playing a role for maximal efficiency, the combination property of gear oil composition can be optimal.
In addition, from embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 as can be seen that gear oil composition of the invention can prepare difference The gear oil of viscosity grade, the wider model of range of application.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of gear oil composition, it is characterised in that counted as 100% with the gear oil composition gross weight, including it is following Component：
Base oil：78.5-98.39%, preferably 85-97%, more preferably 91-95%；
Sulfur-containing extreme-pressure additive：0.1-4%, preferably 0.5-2%；
Phosphorous antiwear additive：0.1-4%, preferably 0.5-2%；
Aliphatic acid：0.1-3%, preferably 0.3-2%；
Alkyl silane：0.1-1%, preferably 0.5-1%；
Hydrophilic fumed silica：0.3-6%, preferably 0.5-3%；
Matal deactivator：0.01-0.5%, preferably 0.03-0.1%；
Antioxidant：0.3-3%, preferably 0.5-1.5%.
2. gear oil composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the base oil includes：Esters oil, poly- α alkene One or more in hydrocarbon artificial oil, mineral oil；Preferably, the base oil includes：Polyol ester, trimethylolpropane oleic acid Ester, neopentyl glycol fatty acid ester, multiple ester, adipic acid two (2- propyl group heptan) ester, the isotridecanol of adipic acid two, PAO6, PAO8, PAO10, PAO40, PAO65, PAO100, mineral oil 150BS, mineral oil 120BS, mineral oil 500N, mineral oil 150N, mineral oil One or more in 250N, mineral oil 600N；It is highly preferred that the base oil includes：Multiple ester, polyol ester, PAO10, One or more in PAO40, mineral oil 500N.
3. gear oil composition according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the sulfur-containing extreme-pressure additive includes：Thiadiazoles Class compound or derivatives thereof, it is preferable that described thiadiazole compound or derivatives thereof includes the chemical combination as shown in following formula (1) Thing：
Preferably, the phosphorous antiwear additive includes：Alkoxy phosphate class antiwear additive；It is highly preferred that the alkoxy phosphate The preparation method of class antiwear additive includes：Low-carbon alcohols and phosphorus oxychloride reaction are obtained into alkyl phosphoric acid, by the alkyl phosphoric acid and amine Reaction, obtains alkoxy phosphate antiwear additive.
4. the gear oil composition according to claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that the aliphatic acid includes ten dihydroxies One or more in base stearic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, preferably include the one kind in ten dihydroxystearic acids, stearic acid or two Kind.
5. the gear oil composition according to claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that the alkyl silane has as follows Structural formula shown in formula (1)：
CnH2n+1Si(OCH3)3 (1)
Wherein, n is the integer between 10-18, the integer between preferably 10-12, more preferably 12.
6. the gear oil composition according to claim any one of 1-5, it is characterised in that the hydrophily gas phase titanium dioxide The particle size range that silicon has loose structure, the hydrophilic fumed silica is not more than 100nm；Preferably no greater than 50nm.
7. the gear oil composition according to claim any one of 1-6, it is characterised in that the matal deactivator includes： One kind in benzotriazole or derivatives thereof, benzothiazole or derivatives thereof, benzimidazole or derivatives thereof, indazole or derivatives thereof Or it is various.
8. the gear oil composition according to claim any one of 1-7, it is characterised in that the antioxidant includes：Amine One or two in antioxidant or phenolic antioxidant；Preferably, the amine antioxidants include：It is right, p- dioctyl hexichol One or more in amine, octyl group butyl diphenylamines, naphthylamines；The phenolic antioxidant includes：It is DBPC 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol, double One or two in (3,5- di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyl benzyls) thioether.
9. the gear oil composition according to claim any one of 1-8, it is characterised in that the aliphatic acid, alkyl silane It is (0.5-2) with the mass ratio of hydrophilic fumed silica：(0.5-1)：1.
10. the preparation method of a kind of gear oil composition according to claim any one of 1-9, it is characterised in that including The step of each component of the gear oil composition is mixed.
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