CN106699190B - A method of the primary material of cubic boron nitride monocrystal, which is used, as initial feed prepares plycrystalline diamond sintered body - Google Patents

A method of the primary material of cubic boron nitride monocrystal, which is used, as initial feed prepares plycrystalline diamond sintered body Download PDF

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CN106699190B
CN106699190B CN201710001204.0A CN201710001204A CN106699190B CN 106699190 B CN106699190 B CN 106699190B CN 201710001204 A CN201710001204 A CN 201710001204A CN 106699190 B CN106699190 B CN 106699190B
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boron nitride
cubic boron
sintered body
primary material
initial feed
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CN106699190A (en
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贾洪声
罗茜
叶灏
鄂元龙
李海波
王晓楠
左斌
张饶
王雨涵
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Harbin Haiyida Superhard Materials Co ltd
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Jilin Normal University
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    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/58Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
    • C04B35/583Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on boron nitride
    • C04B35/5831Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on boron nitride based on cubic boron nitrides or Wurtzitic boron nitrides, including crystal structure transformation of powder
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    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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    • C04B35/64Burning or sintering processes

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Abstract

A kind of low, heat-resist, the high method for using the primary material of cubic boron nitride monocrystal to prepare plycrystalline diamond sintered body as initial feed of toughness that the invention belongs to synthesis conditions.Prepared by step 1. cubic boron nitride monocrystal of this method, 2. cubic boron nitrides and sintering aid uniformly mix, 3. pre-moldings, vacuum preheating, the assembling of pyrophyllite composite block cavity, the preparation of high-pressure sinter program completion polycrystalline cubic boron nitride.Method strong operability of the invention, synthesis condition are greatly lowered, and have important practical significance to hammer consumption cost is reduced.Method of the invention will provide a kind of effective approach for the preparation of superhard cutter.

Description

It is a kind of to use the primary material of cubic boron nitride monocrystal as initial feed and prepare plycrystalline diamond sintered body Method
Technical field
The invention belongs to cutter material manufacturing field, specifically a kind of synthesis condition is low, heat-resist, toughness The high method for using the primary material of cubic boron nitride monocrystal to prepare plycrystalline diamond sintered body as initial feed.
Background technique
Modern mechanical processing technology is just developed rapidly towards high-precision, high efficiency, flexibility and automation direction, numerical control machine The new techniques such as bed, machining center equipment and the superfine new material application of performance are increasingly extensive, and then want to cutter Ask higher and higher.As a kind of environmental type high performance structures material, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PcBN) is with its super abrasive, resistance to The excellent properties such as burn into high temperature resistant have fully demonstrated requirement of the modern manufacturing industry to material.PcBN cutter is particularly suitable for various black The hard turning of non-ferrous metal is realized and is ground with vehicle generation.It not only improves and draws processing efficiency, but also considerably reduce processing cost, it is main Cut various hardened steels, tool steel, mould steel, bearing steel (HRC45-70), chilled cast iron, rich chromium cast iron, Ni-based and cobalt-based High temperature alloy, various difficult processing grey cast-irons, other difficult processing black materials etc..Since cubic boron nitride hardness is much higher than ceramics And hard alloy, the cutter life of preparation are 3-5 times, 5-15 times of hard alloy cutter of sintex.
Currently, difficult-to-machine material is more and more, PcBN cutter uses proportion in total amount in industrially developed country's tool It is increasing.PcBN its as cutting difficult-to-machine material main cutting tools for cutting material be cutting technology second leap.In China, 60 % of the total cutter of hard alloy cutter dosage Zhan, high-speed steel account for 30-40 %, and PcBN cutter ratio shared at present is considerably less. In developed country, the potentiality that Digitized Manufacturing Technology is played using efficient cutter have become common recognition.Annual consumption disappears in lathe Take 50 % or so.And cutter consumption in China's is only the 20-30 % of lathe consumption, this explanation is cheap inefficient in the consumption of China's cutter Conventional tool still account for mainstream, lathe function gives full play to far away.And currently, PcBN is contour under the overall background of highly-efficient processing Effect cutter is just widely received simultaneously gradually to substitute conventional tool by market, and therefore, the country, which will exist, uses metal cutting The great demand of PcBN.
PcBN sintered body is to rely on sintering bonding independent cubic boron nitride particle under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, makes Entire cbn layer is sintered into high-intensitive cBN plycrystalline diamond, is a kind of high performance structural material.PcBN material is because of manufacturer Method and sintering mechanism are different, and synthesis condition and properties of product have apparent difference, in addition, due to Hall-Petch effect Deng, nanometer cBN monocrystalline with the reduction of its size, some mechanical properties such as hardness will be improved, while broken compared to micron order micro mist Particle has advantage, will increase substantially the sintering of nanometer PcBN in wearability and toughness, high temperature resistance etc. Performance and cutting ability.Based on mostly using micron order monocrystalline broken material to synthesize PcBN at present, to further increasing its performance and depth There is the sin-tering mechanism and practical application for entering to understand PcBN limitation therefore to answer Efforts To Develop sub-micro, the primary material of nanoscale monocrystalline The development of sintered body.
This is just badly in need of a kind of preparing wearability, toughness and high temperature resistance etc. advantageous plycrystalline diamond nitridation The method of boron sintered body.
Summary of the invention
The invention aims to provide a kind of strong operability, the high polycrystalline cubic boron nitride of product qualification rate (PcBN) Preparation method, sintering condition can be greatly lowered, while can be improved the heat resistance, anti-of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride sintered body The performances such as impact flexibility.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, method includes the following steps:
1., with Li3N-hBN is system, uses press synthesis sub-micro, nano cubic boron nitride monocrystalline for primary material, thereafter Progress touching purification, sorting process, cBN degree of purity reach 99.9 wt %, and homogeneity is good, complete crystal form, corner are not damaged, not Passivation, and monocrystalline with a high refractive index, selected sub-micro, nanoscale cubic boron nitride average grain diameter >=50 nm;
2., by it is above-mentioned 1. in choose cubic boron nitride monocrystal and sintering aid be put into molybdenum cup after evenly mixing and carry out group Dress, for molybdenum cup as anti-pollution packaging system, wall thickness is 0.08-0.2 mm, can be sintered uniform mixing material enclosed package Auxiliary agent uses partial size for big metal, ceramics or the metal ceramic powder for being equal to 20 nanometers, the metal or ceramic powder end be Co, Ni、Ti、Al、Si、TiN、TiC、B4C、La2O3One of or it is several;
3., by the molybdenum cup 2. assembled by pre-molding, vacuum preheating, pyrophyllite composite block cavity assembling, high pressure The preparation of sintering procedure completion polycrystalline cubic boron nitride.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
1, due to it is of the present invention prepare PcBN method be by select crystalline form homogeneity is good, degree of purity is high sub-micro, It is tough to have had metal concurrently using metal or ceramic material as sintering aid system for raw material for the primary material of nano cubic boron nitride monocrystalline Property and ceramics the excellent properties such as heat resistance, heat resistance significantly improves and (is greater than 1300 DEG C);
2, method strong operability of the invention, synthesis condition are greatly lowered, and hammer consumption cost into shape with important to reducing Realistic meaning.Method of the invention will provide a kind of effective approach for the preparation of superhard cutter.
3, the PcBN product stability synthesized is high, can be suitable for the materials such as chilled cast iron, heat-resisting alloy and hardened steel Roughing and Precision Machining field.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the pyrophyllite composite block cavity assembling sectional view in present invention process.
Mixed raw material 1, insulating trip 2 with molybdenum cup, graphite heating pipe 3, graphite flake 4, copper sheet 5, conductive steel cap 6, pyrophillite Composite block 7.
Specific embodiment
Plycrystalline diamond boron nitride sintered body of the invention is to study for a long period of time by inventor, and obtain in conjunction with long-term experiment.It should Method is to use good sub-micro, nanoscale cubic boron nitride monocrystal for primary material, sintering aid is added, using being pressed into advance Type, vacuum preheating, high pressure sintering processes synthesize the process of plycrystalline diamond boron nitride sintered body.
This synthetic method is further illustrated below with reference to embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
1) with Li3N-hBN is system, uses press synthesizing submicron cubic boron nitride monocrystal for primary material, followed by Change touching purification, sorting process, it is excellent by equipment such as laser particle size analyzer, microscope and plasma emission spectrometry instrument CBN degree of purity is selected to reach 99.9 wt %, homogeneity is good, complete crystal form, corner are not damaged, are not passivated, and with a high refractive index Monocrystalline, selected submicron order cubic boron nitride average grain diameter are 0.5 um.
2) by above-mentioned steps 1) TiN0.7 grams of 1.3 grams of cubic boron nitride monocrystal choosing and sintering aid put after evenly mixing Enter and assembled in 14.8 mm molybdenum cups, for molybdenum cup as anti-pollution packaging system, wall thickness is 0.08 mm, can be by uniform mixing material Expect enclosed package, sintering aid partial size is 20 nanometers.
3) the molybdenum cup of step 2 assembling is passed through into 40MPa pre-molding, is put into and adds after 500 DEG C of purification heat treatment 1h of vacuum In hot graphite-pipe 3, finally component 4-6 is put into together in pyrophyllite composite block 7, pyrophyllite composite block 7 having a size of 32.5 mm × The mm of 32.5 mm × 32.5, synthetic cavity diameter are 18 mm, and 3 internal diameter of graphite-pipe is 16 mm, high 17 mm.Pyrophyllite composite block Carrying out high temperature and pressure synthesis on cubic hinge press, synthesis condition is 4.5 GPa, 1400 DEG C, after 5 min of sintered heat insulating time Slowly room temperature is cooled to, the PcBN sintered body of Φ 14 mm × 5 mm is obtained after release.
Embodiment 2:
1) with Li3N-hBN is system, uses press synthesis nano cubic boron nitride monocrystalline for primary material, followed by changes Touching purification, sorting process, by equipment such as laser particle size analyzer, microscope and plasma emission spectrometry instrument, preferably CBN degree of purity reaches 99.9 wt %, and homogeneity is good, complete crystal form, corner are not damaged, are not passivated, and list with a high refractive index Crystalline substance, selected nanoscale cubic boron nitride average grain diameter are 250 nm.
2) by above-mentioned steps 1) TiN0.6 grams of 1.3 grams of cubic boron nitride monocrystal choosing and sintering aid put after evenly mixing Enter and assembled in 14.8 mm molybdenum cups, for molybdenum cup as anti-pollution packaging system, wall thickness is 0.08 mm, can be by uniform mixing material Expect enclosed package, sintering aid partial size is 20 nanometers.
3) the molybdenum cup of step 2 assembling is passed through into 40 MPa pre-moldings, is put into and adds after 500 DEG C of purification heat treatment 1h of vacuum In hot graphite-pipe 3, finally component 4-6 is put into together in pyrophyllite composite block 7, pyrophyllite composite block 7 having a size of 32.5 mm × The mm of 32.5 mm × 32.5, synthetic cavity diameter are 18 mm, and 3 internal diameter of graphite-pipe is 16 mm, high 17 mm.Pyrophyllite composite block High temperature and pressure synthesis is carried out on cubic hinge press, synthesis condition is 5 GPa, 1400 DEG C, slow after 5 min of sintered heat insulating time Room temperature is cooled to, the PcBN sintered body of Φ 14 mm × 5 mm is obtained after release.
Embodiment 3:
1) with Li3N-hBN is system, uses press synthesizing submicron cubic boron nitride monocrystal for primary material, followed by Change touching purification, sorting process, it is excellent by equipment such as laser particle size analyzer, microscope and plasma emission spectrometry instrument CBN degree of purity is selected to reach 99.9 wt %, homogeneity is good, complete crystal form, corner are not damaged, are not passivated, and with a high refractive index Monocrystalline, selected submicron order cubic boron nitride average grain diameter are 1 μm.
2) by above-mentioned steps 1) 1.9 grams of cubic boron nitride monocrystal choosing and 0.06 gram of sintering aid Al, 0.02 gram of Co, B40.02 gram of C is put into 14.8 mm molybdenum cups after evenly mixing and is assembled, and molybdenum cup is as anti-pollution packaging system, wall thickness Uniform mixing material enclosed package, sintering aid average grain diameter can be 1 μm by 0.08 mm.
3) the molybdenum cup of step 2 assembling is passed through into 40 MPa pre-moldings, is put into and adds after 500 DEG C of purification heat treatment 1h of vacuum In hot graphite-pipe 3, finally component 4-6 is put into together in pyrophyllite composite block 7, pyrophyllite composite block 7 having a size of 32.5 mm × The mm of 32.5 mm × 32.5, synthetic cavity diameter are 18 mm, and 3 internal diameter of graphite-pipe is 16 mm, high 17 mm.Pyrophyllite composite block Carrying out high temperature and pressure synthesis on cubic hinge press, synthesis condition is 5.5 GPa, 1450 DEG C, after 5 min of sintered heat insulating time Slowly room temperature is cooled to, the PcBN sintered body of Φ 14 mm × 5 mm is obtained after release.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of method for using the primary material of cubic boron nitride monocrystal to prepare plycrystalline diamond sintered body as initial feed, it is characterised in that: Method includes the following steps:
1., with Li3N-hBN is system, uses press synthesis sub-micro, nano cubic boron nitride monocrystalline for primary material, followed by changes Touching purification, sorting process, cBN degree of purity reach 99.9wt%, and homogeneity is good, complete crystal form, corner are not damaged, are not passivated, and Monocrystalline with a high refractive index, selected sub-micro, nanoscale cubic boron nitride average grain diameter >=50nm;
2., by it is above-mentioned 1. in choose cubic boron nitride monocrystal and sintering aid be put into molybdenum cup and assemble after evenly mixing, For molybdenum cup as anti-pollution packaging system, wall thickness is 0.08-0.2mm, can be by uniform mixing material enclosed package, sintering aid Use partial size for the big metal or ceramic powder end equal to 20 nanometers, the metal or ceramic powder is Co, Ni, Ti, Al, Si, TiN, TiC、B4C、La2O3One of or it is several;
3., by the molybdenum cup 2. assembled by pre-molding, vacuum preheating, pyrophyllite composite block cavity assembling, high-pressure sinter The preparation of program completion polycrystalline cubic boron nitride.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of the primary material of cubic boron nitride monocrystal is used as initial feed prepare plycrystalline diamond sintered body Method, it is characterised in that: the step 2. cubic boron nitride monocrystalline be 40-95 parts by weight, sintering aid be 5-60 weigh Measure part.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of the primary material of cubic boron nitride monocrystal is used as initial feed prepare plycrystalline diamond sintered body Method, it is characterised in that: the pre-molding, vacuum preheating, the assembling of pyrophyllite composite block cavity, high-pressure sinter mistake Journey is the molybdenum cup by the 2. step assembling by 10MPa or more pre-molding, is put into graphite after 500 DEG C of heat treatment 0.5-1h of vacuum All components are finally put into pyrophyllite composite block by heating tube external member together, and high temperature and pressure conjunction is carried out on cubic hinge press At synthesis condition 4-5.5GPa, 1300-1450 DEG C, the sintered heat insulating time is 3-10min, finally obtains the Asia haveing excellent performance Micro-, nanometer PcBN sintered body.
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CN109678477B (en) * 2019-01-02 2021-06-01 南方科技大学 Nano-structure Siquartz-cubic boron nitride superhard composite material and preparation method and cutter thereof
CN109534826B (en) * 2019-01-11 2021-08-13 南方科技大学 Spiral dislocation type cubic boron nitride and preparation method thereof, cutter and drill bit
CN112239362A (en) * 2020-10-20 2021-01-19 吉林师范大学 Preparation method of single-phase polycrystalline cubic boron nitride sintered body
CN112981158B (en) * 2021-02-04 2022-08-12 吉林大学 Preparation method of cubic boron nitride composite nano polycrystalline
CN114349517A (en) * 2021-12-17 2022-04-15 燕山大学 cBN-B4C composite material and preparation method thereof

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SE519860C2 (en) * 1999-04-07 2003-04-15 Sandvik Ab Methods of making a cutting insert consisting of a PcBN body and a cemented carbide or cermet substrate
CN103537699B (en) * 2012-07-11 2015-09-30 吉林师范大学 A kind of preparation method of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride compound sheets
CN103030397B (en) * 2012-11-29 2015-09-16 燕山大学 A kind of preparation method of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PcBN) matrix material
CN104772711A (en) * 2015-03-25 2015-07-15 富耐克超硬材料股份有限公司 Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride abrasive and preparation method thereof
CN105859300B (en) * 2016-04-05 2018-09-07 吉林师范大学 A kind of preparation method of diamond-cubic boron nitride-boron carbide composite material

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