CN106696264A - Method for manufacturing three-dimensional object in layering manner - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing three-dimensional object in layering manner Download PDFInfo
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- CN106696264A CN106696264A CN201611248399.0A CN201611248399A CN106696264A CN 106696264 A CN106696264 A CN 106696264A CN 201611248399 A CN201611248399 A CN 201611248399A CN 106696264 A CN106696264 A CN 106696264A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional object in a layering manner. The method comprises the steps that a layer of powdery manufacturing materials are laid on a bottom plate in a working cylinder or a selectively-fused layer, and a new material layer is formed; and laser is guided to selectively irradiate the fused area on the new material layer, and the fused area is a corresponding cross section area, on the layer, of the three-dimensional object to be manufactured. By fusing at least one outer contour surrounding the cross section area on the material layer through the laser, the heat resistance of the outer contour can slow down diffusion of heat to the cylinder wall from the machined center area, the temperature of the machined area in the outer contour is more uniform, and the machining quality of the three-dimensional object is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture method of Layered manufacturing three-dimensional body.
Background technology
It is a kind of method for manufacturing three-dimensional body that multiple powder beds are fused using laser selective.Specifically, powder spreads
Uniformly paving send the upper surface formation in working cylinder to process plane, the powder that preheating device send to paving by one layer of new powder to send device
When last layer is implemented to preheat and reach the temperature of setting, laser beam starts optionally to be scanned powder bed, and scan position is
Three-dimensional body to be manufactured is acted in this layer of corresponding transverse cross-sectional area, the dusty material corresponding to the region with laser beam
Temperature is raised rapidly afterwards, instant melting and after the cooling period solidification connection, and working cylinder declines corresponding powder layer by layer after the completion of scanning
Thickness, continues to send one layer of new powder in working cylinder upper surface paving, according to three-dimensional body in the corresponding cross section of new powder bed
Laser scanning is implemented in region, and solidification is scanned by superposition successively, until completing the solidification of all correspondence powder beds of three-dimensional body.
Due to preheating and laser scanning effect in process, the temperature of working cylinder central area is maintained for a long time
In temperature higher, when the temperature of central area is too big with the casing wall temperature difference, because the uneven meeting of temperature causes to be close to casing wall
Three-dimensional body easily there are the phenomenons such as orange peel, contraction.Existing way be set casing wall heater, to casing wall implement heating with
The bulk temperature of processing cylinder body is maintained, casing wall heating-up temperature should be as high as possible in theory, but the too high meeting of cylinder wall temperature in practice
So that the powder cracking around casing wall, can cause three-dimensional body to process failure when serious, too high cylinder wall temperature is for setting in addition
Standby temperature is resistance to receive requirement higher.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, powder bed is successively manufactured so as to obtain three by laser the invention provides one kind
The method for tieing up object, can make the temperature of machining area in manufacturing process more uniform, it is to avoid processing fringe region is due to temperature
Workmanship that is relatively low and influenceing fringe region three-dimensional body.
A kind of method of Layered manufacturing three-dimensional body of the invention, including one layer of powdered manufacture material paving is sent in work
Make on the layer of the base plate or selectivity fusion in cylinder, form new material layer；The ground irradiation of guiding laser selective is new
Fusion area in material layer, the fusion area is three-dimensional body to be manufactured in this layer of corresponding transverse cross-sectional area.
Wherein, at least in the transverse cross-sectional area corresponding to a three-dimensional body to be manufactured, guiding laser is in material layer
The outline of the transverse cross-sectional area is surrounded in fusion at least one.
For machining area, the region heat is slower to external diffusion, and temperature is more uniform, for laser fusion more
Favorably, many three-dimensional bodies occur in process warpage is because the uneven of temperature field is caused.Working cylinder casing wall
Because temperature is relatively low, in the case where powdered manufacture material heat transfer is in the absence of stopping, near the powder material of casing wall
Material temperature degree can be relatively lower than working cylinder machining center region, therefore in the alloying process of material layer, if the horizontal stroke of three-dimensional body
Cross section span is larger or near casing wall, then warpage easily occurs because of heat skewness or shrinks existing
As.If machining area set a thermal barrier properties, by heat maintain in machining area with slow down to casing wall spread, then favorably
In building more uniform temperature field in machining area, therefore solid, non-pulverulence is set on the border of machining area
Thermal barrier properties will bring more preferable processing effect, surprisingly, directly overseas in the cross-sectional area of three-dimensional body by laser
The solid outline of fusion, simple and practicality solves this problem.
Used as present invention further optimization scheme, the outline is closing.Obviously the profile of closing is for slowing down
Heat transfer has more preferable effect.
Used as present invention further optimization scheme, the outline is non-close, wherein interruption is less than or equal to 20mm.
When the transverse cross-sectional area that there is three-dimensional body close to casing wall, it is difficult to pass through the solid border of laser fusion again with the gap of casing wall
When, outline can close the region.In addition, when the transverse cross-sectional area of three-dimensional body is located at working cylinder center and area
Very little, the temperature field requirement for cylinder body edge is relatively low, therefore outline can also be open, it might even be possible to do not build
Outline.
Used as present invention further optimization scheme, the outer contour shape is circular or rectangle.The shape of outline can
To carry out matching setting according to transverse cross-sectional area, if the three-dimensional body of manufacture is than larger, outline is preferably based on work
The shape of cylinder sets, and conventional working cylinder is generally cube or cylinder, therefore the being also adapted to property of shape of outline
Rectangle or circle are designed as, additionally, this kind of shape can also improve laser work efficiency.
Used as present invention further optimization scheme, the outline is 2mm with transverse cross-sectional area minimum range.In theory
Say, apart from smaller, thermal barrier properties effect is better, while the work of manufacture dusty material and laser can be saved for outline and transverse cross-sectional area
Make the time, but outline too small can taking-up from profile to three-dimensional body brings difficulty, returns the powder after the completion of three-dimensional body
Cleaning tape is come difficult.
Used as present invention further optimization scheme, the profile width of the outline is 0.6-4mm.The width of outline
Bigger, i.e., solid area is bigger, and heat just more is difficult to spread, but needs the time of laser fusion and the manufacture material of consuming simultaneously
Also it is bigger, when the profile width of outline is 0.6-4mm, the cost consumption of manufacturing time and manufacture material be it is worth,
Outside this scope, or be difficult to, or manufacturing time and material consumption it is too many.
Used as present invention further optimization scheme, the outline in adjacent material layer is connected to each other.The diffusion of heat
It is diverging, although the outline of a certain layer can to a certain extent slow down this layer of heat transfer of pulverulence manufacture material,
But the heat energy of this layer is to casing wall in addition to cross conduction, to fused under it or be able to need not also fuse
Layer conduction, if adjacent material layer outline is discontinuous, heat can more escapes from the outline being interrupted each other,
And the outline being connected to each other then can preferably stop that heat is escaped from gap.
Used as present invention further optimization scheme, in new material layer, it is corresponding that laser first fuses three-dimensional body
The outline of transverse cross-sectional area, then transverse cross-sectional area is fused.It is understood that being initially formed a uniform temperature
, for the laser fusion in machining area advantageously.
Laser of the invention is successively manufactured the method so as to obtain three-dimensional body to powder bed, by material layer
Face surrounds the outline of the transverse cross-sectional area using laser fusion at least one, using outline stop energy retarding heat by
Spread to casing wall in machining center region so that machining area temperature is more uniform in profile, improves the processing matter of three-dimensional body
Amount.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the manufacture method of a kind of three-dimensional body and outline；
Fig. 2 is the manufacture method of another three-dimensional body and outline.
Specific embodiment
The method of the present invention is illustrated below by specific embodiment combination accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1：The outline of manufacture three-dimensional body and rectangle.
Use the Selective Laser Sintering FS403 and polyamide powder material of Hu'nan Farsoon High-Tech Co., Ltd.
Material FS3200.Shown in Fig. 1 is that manufacture includes the schematic diagram of three-dimensional body and rectangular-shaped outline, and manufacturing process includes：First will
Three-dimensional body 3 and the three-dimensional CAD model including all outlines 2 are imported in FS403 equipment, carry out hierarchy slicing treatment；Paving
Paving of the powder device by dusty material successively is sent and forms material layer, the thickness of each of which material layer in the upper surface of working cylinder 1
It is 0.1mm；Equipment is entered according to the three-dimensional body and the slice information of outline in material layer, control laser in corresponding region
Row scanning, until completing the structure of all three-dimensional bodies and outline；Three-dimensional body is taken out from working cylinder, and carries out powder
Cleaning.
The outline of each layer is equal-sized rectangle herein, follows three-dimensional body " to grow " together, ultimately forms
It is about the one cylindrical hollow cube do not closed.The corresponding transverse cross-sectional area of each layer of three-dimensional body with outside corresponding rectangle
The distance of profile is more than 4mm, and the thickness control of profile is in 3mm or so.Result shows that three-dimensional body occurs warpage and the ground for shrinking
Seldom, workmanship gets a promotion for side.
Embodiment 2：Manufacture three-dimensional body and the outline with form.
Use the Selective Laser Sintering FS403 and polyamide powder material of Hu'nan Farsoon High-Tech Co., Ltd.
Material FS3200.Shown in Fig. 2 is that manufacture includes three-dimensional body and the schematic diagram with form outline, and manufacturing process includes：First will
Three-dimensional body 3 and three-dimensional body 5 and the three-dimensional CAD model including all outlines 2 and outline 4 are imported in FS403 equipment,
Carry out hierarchy slicing treatment；Paving of the power spreading device by dusty material successively is sent and forms material layer in the upper surface of working cylinder 1, wherein
The thickness of each material layer is 0.1mm；Equipment swashs according to the three-dimensional body and the slice information of outline in material layer, control
Light is scanned in corresponding region, until completing all three-dimensional bodies and outline；Three-dimensional body is taken from working cylinder
Go out, and carry out powder cleaning.
Manufacture three-dimensional body 3 when, the outline corresponding to its transverse cross-sectional area according to its shape, using equal in magnitude
And the circle for overlapping, what is ultimately formed is about the one cylindrical hollow cylinder do not closed, and three-dimensional body 5 is in irregular shape,
, according to its shape, each layer of setting is equidistant with corresponding transverse cross-sectional area, most for outline corresponding to its transverse cross-sectional area
End form is into a shell coated according to three-dimensional shape.The corresponding transverse cross-sectional area of each layer of three-dimensional body with it is corresponding
Outline distance be more than 3mm, the thickness control of profile is in 2mm or so.Result shows that three-dimensional body occurs warpage and contraction
Place seldom, workmanship gets a promotion.
Embodiment described above only expresses two kinds of implementation methods of the invention, it is noted that for this area
For those of ordinary skill, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these all belong to
In protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method of Layered manufacturing three-dimensional body, including one layer of powdered manufacture material paving is sent in base plate or
On the layer of selectivity fusion, new material layer is formed；Fusion area in the new material layer of guiding laser selective ground irradiation, institute
It is three-dimensional body to be manufactured in this layer of corresponding transverse cross-sectional area to state fusion area.
Characterized in that, at least in the transverse cross-sectional area corresponding to a three-dimensional body to be manufactured, guiding laser is in material layer
The outline of the transverse cross-sectional area is surrounded in upper fusion at least one.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the outline is closing.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the outline is non-close, wherein interruption less than etc.
In 20mm.
4. the method according to claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that the outer contour shape is circular or rectangle.
5. the method according to claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that the outline and transverse cross-sectional area most narrow spacing
From being 2mm.
6. the method according to claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that the profile width of the outline is 0.6-
4mm。
7. the method according to claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that the outline in adjacent material layer connects each other
Connect.
8. the method according to claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that in new material layer, laser first fuses three
The outline of the corresponding transverse cross-sectional area of dimension object, then transverse cross-sectional area is fused.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611248399.0A CN106696264B (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | Method for the layered production of a three-dimensional object |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611248399.0A CN106696264B (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | Method for the layered production of a three-dimensional object |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106696264A true CN106696264A (en) | 2017-05-24 |
| CN106696264B CN106696264B (en) | 2020-03-31 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110997285A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2020-04-10 | 惠普发展公司，有限责任合伙企业 | Different mixtures of build materials deliverable during three-dimensional printing operations |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1827281A (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2006-09-06 | 大连理工大学 | Laser rapid-forming method based on contour scanning of coated powder materials |
| EP2022622A1 (en) * | 2007-08-10 | 2009-02-11 | Rolls-Royce plc | Support architecture |
| CN102971099A (en) * | 2010-07-01 | 2013-03-13 | 斯奈克玛 | Process for manufacturing a metal part by selectively melting a powder |
-
2016
- 2016-12-29 CN CN201611248399.0A patent/CN106696264B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1827281A (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2006-09-06 | 大连理工大学 | Laser rapid-forming method based on contour scanning of coated powder materials |
| EP2022622A1 (en) * | 2007-08-10 | 2009-02-11 | Rolls-Royce plc | Support architecture |
| CN102971099A (en) * | 2010-07-01 | 2013-03-13 | 斯奈克玛 | Process for manufacturing a metal part by selectively melting a powder |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110997285A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2020-04-10 | 惠普发展公司，有限责任合伙企业 | Different mixtures of build materials deliverable during three-dimensional printing operations |
| US11426927B2 (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2022-08-30 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Different mixtures of build materials deliverable during a three dimensional print operation |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106696264B (en) | 2020-03-31 |
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Address after: No. 181, Linyu Road, national high tech Industrial Development Zone, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410205 Patentee after: Hunan Huashu High Tech Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 181, Linyu Road, national high tech Industrial Development Zone, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410205 Patentee before: HUNAN FARSOON HIGH-TECH Co.,Ltd. |
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