CN106695579A - Superhard abrasive grinding wheel - Google Patents
Superhard abrasive grinding wheel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106695579A CN106695579A CN201611190315.2A CN201611190315A CN106695579A CN 106695579 A CN106695579 A CN 106695579A CN 201611190315 A CN201611190315 A CN 201611190315A CN 106695579 A CN106695579 A CN 106695579A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- emery wheel
- retainer ring
- locking nub
- super hard
- hard abrasive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
- B24D5/16—Bushings; Mountings
Abstract
The invention discloses a superhard abrasive grinding wheel. The superhard abrasive grinding wheel comprises a plurality of segments, fixed rings, an elastic support disc and a rigid sleeve, wherein the surfaces of the segments are brazed with a superhard abrasive; the fixed rings are processed through a high-strength steel machine; the circumferential inner surfaces of the fixed rings are connected with the elastic support disc; the circumferential outer surfaces of the fixed rings are detachably and fixedly connected with the segments; the outer wall of the rigid sleeve is connected at the center part of the elastic support disc through interference fit; and the inner wall of the rigid sleeve is matched and connected with a rotating shaft of a machine tool. The superhard abrasive grinding wheel can be effectively applied to grinding processing of metals and nonmetals, vibration is low, the requirement on power of a grinding wheel machine tool is low, brazing preparation is facilitated, cost is low, quick changing can be achieved, and batch production and application are facilitated.
Description
Technical field
A kind of super hard abrasive emery wheel, belongs to super hard abrasive instrument manufacture field.
Background technology
Soldering super-abrasive grinding wheel can be used for the materials such as grey cast-iron, spheroidal graphite cast-iron, plastics, nylon, rubber, stone material, steel
The surface grinding of material.Conventional abrasives being used the grinding of usual above-mentioned material more（Corundum wheel or carborundum）Emery wheel, profit
Prepared in resinoid bond or vitrified bond hot pressing consolidation, be installed on abrasive machine beneficial to Internal hole positioning when using.Due to pricker
Weldering super hard abrasive instrument relative to corundum wheel and plating super-abrasive grinding wheel there is abrasive material to hold, and intensity is high, abrasive material exposure
Height, is ground sharp, and the advantages of radiating efficiency is high, and abrasive material is difficult for drop-off, is vaporized without dust, is applied to the mill in above-mentioned material field
It is preferably selection to be whittled into.
But for soldering emery wheel, mostly one-piece base body, then soldering super hard abrasive preparation.The superhard emery wheel of current soldering
There is problems with the surface grinding for being applied to the materials such as grey cast-iron, spheroidal graphite cast-iron, plastics, nylon, rubber, stone material, steel：
（1）Due to super hard abrasive solder could be prepared in steel matrix by high-temperature heating, therefore the matrix of soldering emery wheel
Internal stress is difficult release, easily there is certain deformation in welding, for discoid grinding wheel base body, deformation
Circumferencial direction is not only present in, disk direction is also present in.Machining accuracy during this deformation effect emery wheel rapidoprint（Circle
The accuracies of form and position such as degree, flatness, rotating accuracy）, it is unfavorable for installing.And this precision is difficult to be adjusted by dynamic balancing.If no
Reasonable installation with use, easily cause certain danger.
（2）Abrasive wheel substrate is generally steel matrix, and quality is big, most weight of emery wheel instrument is occupied, to plant capacity
It is required that higher.Conventional emery wheel is corundum wheel, its density about 2.5 ~ 3g/cm3Left and right, far below 7.9 g/cm of steel3.Therefore
The plant capacity of the lathe of the conventional emery wheel of matching does not reach adaptation soldering super hard abrasive emery wheel requirement, to soldering super hard abrasive emery wheel
Application have considerable influence.And the mode such as removing by processing lightening hole, material on steel matrix surface can get up partial action, but
Because the density of steel is about 2.5 ~ 3 times of emery wheel density, it is impossible to fundamentally mitigate the weight of emery wheel, and the material that loss of weight is removed
The more, loss of weight hole number is bigger with aperture, and the rigid requirements to emery wheel are higher for material, increased test and the difficulty of l-G simulation test and
Number of times, is unfavorable for the control and product development of cost.
（3）When emery wheel specification is larger, soldering super hard abrasive emery wheel is carried out soldering and added by such as more than external diameter 300mm completely
Heat, higher to vacuum brazing furnace space requirement, width, could be preferably at least above more than 400mm between vacuum drying oven effective heating area
Carry out heating soldering, and vacuum furnace inner space is limited, and the heat time is long, if single furnaceman's part is less, to be unfavorable for improving production
Efficiency, and largely effect on the production cost of super hard abrasive emery wheel.
（4）Because Conventional abrasives emery wheel is prepared using hot pressing consolidation technique, bonding agent is generally resin or vitrified bond, mill
Emery wheel has certain elasticity when cutting, and can reduce impact rigidity of the emery wheel to workpiece surface, the vibration one of emery wheel when making grinding
Determine degree reduction.And soldering super-abrasive grinding wheel is steel, the firm soldering of super hard abrasive, with workpiece surface Grinding Contact due to matrix
When be rigid contact, the out-of-flatness of workpiece surface is easily conducted to lathe, cause grinding vibrate, influence grinding.Additionally due to just
Property grinding, easily superabrasive surface landforms are resulted in blockage when the amount of feeding is big, although super hard abrasive radiating efficiency is high, chip removal
It is good, but because abrasive material does not fall off, the abrasive dust that moment produces is possible to block part region surface, causes temperatures at localized regions drastically
Rise, be damaged abrasive material high temperature oxidation herein, grinding workpiece surface causes grinding burn.In this case, soldering superhard abrasive
Expecting the grinding life-span of emery wheel cannot be guaranteed, and increase unpredictability.
Corresponding with soldering super hard abrasive emery wheel is plating super hard abrasive emery wheel, because electroplating technology is without high-temperature heating,
The stress of matrix is small, can electroplate to reach assembly precision and efficiency higher by by matrix material partial replacement, and entirety,
And soldering super hard abrasive emery wheel is then difficult to reach this effect.But from application efficiency with cost performance, soldering super hard abrasive mill
Its grinding performance is taken turns better than electroplating technology.Emery wheel using soldering super hard abrasive technique is more advantageous.
Patent（CN200710132643- super-abrasive grinding wheels）By by the grinding area of emery wheel using multi-block type system
Standby, without entering stove heat, this mode causes that soldering heating part is reduced to grinding wheel base body, is conducive to soldering to prepare, but in order to ensure
Radially with the fixation of circumference, complex structure, and without loss of weight measure, be not suitable for being applied to replace Conventional abrasives emery wheel and electroplate superhard
Abrasive grinding wheel.
Patent（A kind of combined type brazing super-abrasive grinding wheel matrixes suitable for superhigh speed grinding of CN201010514158）
Also a kind of knockdown grinding wheel base body has been invented, this matrix fixes locking nub emery wheel locking nub beneficial to two covering plate structures, and utilizes
Screw thread is compressed.Designed locking nub complex structure, dimension precision requirement is higher, therefore suitable for superhigh speed grinding processing, for
Conventional wheel grinding cannot be substituted effectively.
Therefore preferably beneficial to the advantage of soldering processes, to substitute Conventional abrasives emery wheel and plating super-abrasive grinding wheel,
Need a kind of new wheel structure, by wheel structure is simple, light weight, be easy to soldering heating, grinding efficiency is high is difficult burn etc.
Some is organically combined.Effective application of emery wheel involved in the present invention, can not only reduce dust, gas that conventional emery wheel is brought
Body pollution and grinding efficiency, production efficiency can be improved, the upgrading and green processing for being conducive to national equipment manufacture are sent out
Exhibition.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention proposes a kind of super hard abrasive emery wheel, can be efficiently applied to metal with it is nonmetallic
Grinding in, vibrate it is small, it is low to emery wheel lathe power requirement, beneficial to soldering prepare, low cost, fast changeable, favorably
In batch production and application.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of super hard abrasive emery wheel, including retainer ring, resilient support disk, locking nub and rigid enclosure, wherein, the retainer ring
Circumferential inner surface is connected with resilient support disk, and the circumferential exterior surface of retainer ring is evenly equipped with some pieces of locking nubs, every piece of locking nub it is outer
Surface soldering super hard abrasive, inner surface is detachably connected by attachment structure and between retainer ring；Flexibly support the center of disk
Interference fit connects the outer wall of rigid enclosure at hole, and inwall and the lathe rotating shaft of rigid enclosure are connected.
The outer surface of the retainer ring is provided with convex shoulder with threaded hole, and the locking nub is provided with mutually chimeric with the convex shoulder
Groove, screwed hole is arranged with two cell walls of groove, bolt fastener sequentially passes through the screw thread on locking nub groove cell wall
Locking nub is mutually fixed with retainer ring after screwed hole on hole and convex shoulder.
The outer surface of the retainer ring is provided with groove with threaded hole, and the locking nub is provided with mutually chimeric with the groove
Projection, projection is provided with screwed hole, and bolt fastener is sequentially passed through in screwed hole and the locking nub projection on fixed ring groove
Retainer ring is mutually fixed with locking nub after screwed hole.
Hard skeleton is provided with the resilient support disk, the hard skeleton is uniform simultaneously along the circumferencial direction of resilient support disk
And it is consolidated into an entirety with resilient support disk.
Between D/25 ~ D/10, locking nub is highly 6mm ~ 25mm to the quantity of the locking nub, wherein, D is the external diameter of emery wheel.
Connected using resin solidification bonding, binding agent bonding, interference fit, welding between the resilient support disk and retainer ring
Connect or structure connection.
It is described resilient support disk density of material scope between 0.5 ~ 3.0g/cm3, using single material or various material
It is composited.
The retainer ring uses the high-strength steel making of tensile strength ＞ 1200MPa.
A kind of beneficial effect of super hard abrasive emery wheel of the present invention：
Firstth, a kind of soldering super hard abrasive emery wheel, including some pieces of locking nubs, soldering super hard abrasive, locking nub in every piece of locking nub are invented
Preparation be that solder and super hard abrasive are placed in locking nub surface to be welded, heated, melt solder, consolidation is super
Hard grind material and locking nub matrix, become an entirety, because locking nub size is relatively small, it is easy to which soldering is prepared and heating.
Secondth, retainer ring is processed using high strength steel and prepared, and high strength steel has rigidity and hardness higher, it is ensured that Gu
Ring is determined in the precision of circumferencial direction and other morpheme sizes.
3rd, resilient support disk is installed in retainer ring inside, and resilient support disk has been greatly reduced mill using elastomeric material
Wheel quality, and due to using elastomeric material, while preferable relative to the emery wheel shock resistance that rigid material is made, resilient support
Center hole uses rigid enclosure, it is ensured that central hole size and assembly precision.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the abrasive wheel substrate structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Wherein, 1- rigid enclosures 2- hard skeletons 3- elastomeric materials；The shouldered retainer rings of 4-；
Fig. 2 is locking nub structural representation in embodiment 1；
Wherein 5- solderings super hard abrasive locking nub；6- screwed holes；
Fig. 3 is the A-A faces sectional view of Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the abrasive wheel substrate of embodiment 2；
Fig. 5 is locking nub structural representation in embodiment 2；
Fig. 6 is the A-A faces sectional view of Fig. 4；
Wherein, 9- retainer rings with groove.
Specific embodiment
A kind of super hard abrasive emery wheel of the present invention, machine spindle speed used by described emery wheel 1300rpm ~ 7800rpm it
Between, the linear velocity of described emery wheel is not higher than 120m/s.
A kind of super hard abrasive emery wheel, including locking nub, retainer ring, resilient support disk, rigid enclosure, wherein, the locking nub includes
Some pieces, each piece of surface soldering super hard abrasive of locking nub, for grinding.Retainer ring is using high strength steel machining
Into the circumferential inner surface of retainer ring is connected with resilient support disk, removable between the circumferential exterior surface of retainer ring and some pieces of locking nubs
That unloads is fixedly connected；The central hole interference fit for flexibly supporting disk connects the rigid enclosure outer wall, rigid enclosure inwall and lathe
Rotating shaft is connected.
Described elastomeric material density is in 0.5 ~ 3.0g/cm3Elastomeric material can be a kind of single material, can also be
Various material is composited.
Use detachable connection between the retainer ring and locking nub, described removably can by locking nub with it is solid
Determine ring dismounting to separate, locking nub can individually carry out soldering heating.
The connection of described retainer ring Yu soldering super hard abrasive locking nub also has various ways, because emery wheel is generally circumferential mill
Cut, perpendicular to the lateral stressed smaller of emery wheel disk direction, it is ensured that the retainer ring of emery wheel does not exist transverse shifting.Purpose
Be ensure locking nub install after installation accuracy control within 0.05mm, retainer ring upper surface and soldering locking nub directly contact, and protect
Hold and combine closely, when retainer ring is connected with locking nub, screw rod accurate dimension coordinates, and tolerance is small, and termination uses screw thread, it is ensured that coordinate.
The mode specifically taken in the present invention has following several ways：
The connection embodiment 1 of retainer ring and soldering super hard abrasive locking nub
The outer surface of the retainer ring is provided with convex shoulder with threaded hole, and the locking nub is provided with mutually chimeric with the convex shoulder recessed
Groove, screwed hole is arranged with two cell walls of groove, is fastened by bolts part and is mutually fixed the retainer ring and locking nub.
The connection embodiment 2 of retainer ring and soldering super hard abrasive locking nub
The outer surface of the retainer ring is provided with groove with threaded hole, and the locking nub is provided with mutually chimeric with the groove convex
Rise, screwed hole is equipped with groove cell wall and projection, bolt fastener passes through raised in the fixed ring groove cell wall and locking nub
Screwed hole after retainer ring is mutually fixed with locking nub.
The connection embodiment 3 of retainer ring and soldering super hard abrasive locking nub
The outer surface of the retainer ring is provided with groove, and the locking nub is embedded in the groove in the retainer ring, and locking nub
The super hard abrasive on surface is higher by fixed ring outer surface；Also include buckle, the buckle will be fixed between the locking nub and retainer ring
It is threadedly coupled between the retainer ring afterwards.
Locking nub includes but is not limited to buckle-type, slide rail type, inlays fastening-type with the connected mode of retainer ring in the present invention,
Retainer ring is processed for high strength steel, and the accuracy of form and position is high, it is ensured that rotating accuracy and circularity.
Retainer ring inside is resilient support disk, is filled with elastomeric material, and elastomeric material includes but is not limited to rubber, Buddhist nun
Dragon, carbon fiber, compound carbon fibre material, foam metal material.Elastomeric material center can have hard skeleton to support.Elastomeric material
Central hole installs rigid enclosure, to coordinate with installation axle.
Described super hard abrasive includes diamond, cubic boron nitride, polycrystalline diamond, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, hard
Matter alloying pellet.
Described super hard abrasive granularity average grain diameter is between 0.05mm ~ 2.5mm.
Further, as an a kind of optimal technical scheme of super hard abrasive emery wheel of the invention, described wheel designations
Between 150 ~ 700mm, emery wheel polishing width 6mm ~ 120mm.
Further, as an a kind of optimal technical scheme of super hard abrasive emery wheel of the invention, the locking nub number exists
Between D/25 ~ D/10, locking nub height 6mm ~ 25mm, wherein, D is the external diameter of emery wheel.
Further, as an a kind of optimal technical scheme of super hard abrasive emery wheel of the invention, described hard skeleton
The round external diameter of composition is than the small 5 ~ 25mm. of elastomeric material disk external disk
Further, as an a kind of optimal technical scheme of super hard abrasive emery wheel of the invention, described locking nub and retainer ring
Fit clearance within 0.05mm.
Further, as a kind of optimal technical scheme of super hard abrasive emery wheel of the invention, described retainer ring with bullet
Property material connect through resin solidification bonding, binding agent bonding, interference fit, be welded to connect, structure connection etc. various ways,
The purpose is to prevent the radial separation between elastomeric material and retainer ring and the axial separation perpendicular to elastomeric material disc face.
It is interference fit between described rigid enclosure and elastomeric material centre bore, rigid enclosure can be closed circular, also may be used
Think open annular.
The following detailed description of the assembling mode of disassembling soldering locking nub emery wheel：
（1）According to processing request and grinding parameter, suitable elastomeric material and hard skeleton are selected, hard skeleton is circumferentially square
To uniform rigid material, Main Function is to improve elastomeric material in the certain rigidity of circumferencial direction, and its principle is similar to automobile
Wheel hub.Hard skeleton is consolidated into an entirety with elastomeric material, prepares resilient support disk.
（2）Rigid enclosure is installed, rigid enclosure is coordinated with elastomeric material using elastic conjunction at resilient support center hole.Rigidity
Set hole size is consistent with Installing machine tool axle outside dimension, can be used with proper engagement.
（3）The circumferencial direction and retainer ring for flexibly supporting disk coordinate, in the case where installation requirement is not high, can direct mistake
It is full of cooperation.Can be bonded using binding agent in the case that installation requirement is high, or prepare resilient support disk when, with elastomeric material,
Hard skeleton consolidates preparation together, improves bond strength.Certainly when together prepared by consolidation, fixed ring inner surface can be by peace
The structures such as dress bearing pin, spline improve the bonding strength with resilient support disk.
（4）Retainer ring is processed using high strength steel and prepared, and high strength steel has rigidity and hardness higher, it is ensured that fixed
Ring is in the precision of circumferencial direction and other morpheme sizes.After fixed ring inner surface is connected with resilient support disk, outer surface can be with pricker
Weld the locking nub connection of super hard abrasive.
（5）The preparation of soldering super hard abrasive locking nub is that solder and super hard abrasive are placed in locking nub surface to be welded by profit,
Heated, melt solder, consolidated super hard abrasive and locking nub matrix, an entirety is become, due to locking nub size
It is relatively small, it is easy to which that soldering is prepared and heating.The distributing technique for being used, cloth spills super hard abrasive again either to coat soldering paste, also
It is to mix super hard abrasive with solder, as long as can be by the firm Welding of super hard abrasive in locking nub matrix surface,
It is regarded as within the scope of application claims.
（6）The dimensional accuracy on circumferencial direction is ensure that due to retainer ring, the super hard abrasive locking nub circumference after soldering is installed
Precision is also guaranteed, so as to ensure that super-abrasive grinding wheel stabilization is ground.Because emery wheel involved in the present invention is used for one
As speed wheel grinding, in the case where ensure that assembly precision, completely can to Conventional abrasives emery wheel and electroplate it is superhard
Abrasive grinding wheel is replaced.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of super hard abrasive emery wheel, it is characterised in that including retainer ring, resilient support disk, locking nub and rigid enclosure, wherein,
The circumferential inner surface of the retainer ring is connected with resilient support disk, and the circumferential exterior surface of retainer ring is evenly equipped with some pieces of locking nubs,
Every piece of outer surface soldering super hard abrasive of locking nub, inner surface is detachably connected by attachment structure and between retainer ring；Elasticity
The central hole interference fit of support plate connects the outer wall of rigid enclosure, and inwall and the lathe rotating shaft of rigid enclosure are connected.
2. super hard abrasive emery wheel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the outer surface of the retainer ring is provided with band spiral shell
The convex shoulder of pit, the locking nub is provided with the groove mutually chimeric with the convex shoulder, and screw thread is arranged with two cell walls of groove
Hole, bolt fastener is sequentially passed through locking nub and retainer ring after the screwed hole on locking nub groove cell wall and the screwed hole on convex shoulder
It is mutually fixed.
3. super hard abrasive emery wheel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the outer surface of the retainer ring is provided with threaded
The groove in hole, the locking nub is provided with the projection mutually chimeric with the groove, and projection is provided with screwed hole, and bolt fastener is successively
Retainer ring is mutually fixed with locking nub after through the screwed hole on the screwed hole on fixed ring groove and locking nub projection.
4. super hard abrasive emery wheel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with hard bone in the resilient support disk
Frame, the hard skeleton is uniform along the circumferencial direction of resilient support disk and is consolidated into an entirety with resilient support disk.
5. super hard abrasive emery wheel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the quantity of the locking nub D/25 ~ D/10 it
Between, locking nub is highly 6mm ~ 25mm, wherein, D is the external diameter of emery wheel.
6. super hard abrasive emery wheel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that adopted between the resilient support disk and retainer ring
With resin solidification bonding, binding agent bonding, interference fit, it is welded to connect or structure connection.
7. super hard abrasive emery wheel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the density of material scope of the resilient support disk
Between 0.5 ~ 3.0g/cm3, it is composited using single material or various material.
8. super hard abrasive emery wheel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the retainer ring uses tensile strength ＞
The high-strength steel making of 1200MPa.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611190315.2A CN106695579B (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2016-12-21 | A kind of super hard abrasive emery wheel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611190315.2A CN106695579B (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2016-12-21 | A kind of super hard abrasive emery wheel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106695579A true CN106695579A (en) | 2017-05-24 |
| CN106695579B CN106695579B (en) | 2018-02-09 |
Family
ID=58938525
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611190315.2A Expired - Fee Related CN106695579B (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2016-12-21 | A kind of super hard abrasive emery wheel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106695579B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108789181A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2018-11-13 | 沈阳中方砂轮有限公司 | Hand-held diamond emery wheel with shock-absorbing function |
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| CN204149046U (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2015-02-11 | 中南钻石有限公司 | A kind of dicyclo metallic bond composite sheet buffing wheel |
| CN204183427U (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-03-04 | 广东奔朗新材料股份有限公司 | Chamfering grinding wheel structure |
| CN104816258A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-05 | 广州金谷钻石工具有限公司 | Steel-plastic-coated diamond edging wheel |
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| EP1690634A2 (en) * | 2005-02-10 | 2006-08-16 | Silvano Benvenuto | Diamond cutting blades and discs |
| CN101125418A (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2008-02-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Super hard abrasive grinding wheel |
| US20100167634A1 (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2010-07-01 | Jtekt Corporation | Grinding wheel |
| CN102581782A (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2012-07-18 | 宁波大学 | Electroplated diamond grinding wheel capable of being recycled easily |
| CN204149046U (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2015-02-11 | 中南钻石有限公司 | A kind of dicyclo metallic bond composite sheet buffing wheel |
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| CN108789181A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2018-11-13 | 沈阳中方砂轮有限公司 | Hand-held diamond emery wheel with shock-absorbing function |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106695579B (en) | 2018-02-09 |
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