CN106695080A - Welding method for plates for ships and marine engineering - Google Patents
Welding method for plates for ships and marine engineering Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a welding method for plates for ships and marine engineering. The welding method comprises the following steps: processing grooves in two to-be-welded plates and butting the plates, wherein the grooves are formed in the non-structural surface sides of the plates and are V-shaped grooves, and the angles of the grooves are 35-45 degrees; and performing EGW (Electro-Gas Welding) forming at the grooves once, wherein the welding parameters are as follows: electric current 310-360 A, voltage 31-35 V, welding speed 70-120 mm/min, heat input 4.8-10.0 KJ/mm, welding wire extension length 30-35 mm and wire feed speed 11-24 cm/s. The welding method provided by the invention applies the EGW technology to welding of vertical welding seams of the plates for ships and marine engineering, can meet the welding requirements of plates with the thicknesses of 14-20 mm and a minus 20 DEG C low-temperature impact requirement, and can improve the welding efficiency and guarantee the mechanical properties of the welding seams.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to extra large work shipbuilding technical field, more particularly to a kind of weldering of ship sea work sheet material
Connect method, it is adaptable to the docking of the sheet material cross joint with low-temperature flexibility requirement.
Background technology
Electro-gas (enclosed) welding (EGW) is obtained as a kind of efficient automatic welding technique in each main shipyard
To commonly used, but in actual applications, it is applied to the ship class that sheet material impact requires as 0 degree Celsius more
Vertical weld is welded, but this welding procedure cannot meet the plate that toughness impact requirement is for subzero 20 degrees Celsius
Material welds demand.
For welding the vertical weld that thickness of slab is 14~20mm, toughness impact requirement is subzero 20 degrees Celsius
When, it is main at present to use traditional-handwork arc welding and carbon dioxide gas arc welding, as shown in figure 1,
In this welding procedure, V-butt 101a, V-butt are opened up in the structural plane SF sides of sheet material 100a
101a reverse side patch conventional ceramic pad 200a, then by one side welding with back formation.
The shortcoming of this traditional welding method is low production efficiency, and labour intensity is big, to welder's operating technology
It is required that it is high, easily there is weld defect, welding quality unstable, in order to reach during one side welding with back formation
Quality requirement, generally requires to be welded again after carrying out reverse side carbon plane.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to electro-gas (enclosed) welding automatic welding technique is applied under low-temperature flexibility requirement
Vertical butt joint weld seam, there is provided a kind of to improve welding efficiency, ensure that the ship sea work of weld properties is used
The welding method of sheet material, is particularly well-suited to the welding of the sheet material that thickness of slab is 14mm~20mm.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：A kind of ship sea work sheet material
Welding method, including step：
Finished edge and docked on two sheet materials to be welded；Wherein, groove is opened in the non-structural of sheet material
Surface side, groove type is V-butt, 35 °~45 ° of bevel angle；
Using electro-gas (enclosed) welding to forming a solder at groove；Welding parameter is：Electric current 310A~360A,
Voltage 31V~35V, speed of welding 70mm/min~120mm/min, heat input 4.8KJ/mm~10.0
KJ/mm, electrode extension 30mm~35mm, wire feed rate 11cm/s~24cm/s.
Preferably, the thickness of the sheet material is 14mm~20mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the sheet material is t；In 14mm≤t ＜ 16mm14mm~15mm, institute
It is 40 °~45 ° to state bevel angle, and welding parameter is：Electric current 310A~340A, voltage 31V~34V,
Speed of welding 90mm/min~120mm/min, heat input 4.8KJ/mm~7.7KJ/mm, wire feed rate
12cm/s~20cm/s；In 16mm≤t ＜ 18mm, the bevel angle is 35 °~40 °, welding
Parameter is：Electric current 320A~350A, voltage 32V~35V, speed of welding 80mm/min~110
Mm/min, heat input 5.6KJ/mm~9.2KJ/mm, wire feed rate 11cm/s~22cm/s；In 18mm
During≤t≤20mm, the bevel angle is 35 °~40 °, and welding parameter is：Electric current 340A~360A,
Voltage 33V~35V, speed of welding 70mm/min~75mm/min, heat input 8.9KJ/mm~10.0
KJ/mm, wire feed rate 14cm/s~24cm/s.
Preferably, when using electro-gas (enclosed) welding to being welded at groove, the two of 99.5% are more than or equal to purity
Carbon oxide gas are protected, and gas flow is 25L/min~31L/min.
Preferably, during using electro-gas (enclosed) welding to being welded at groove, the angle between sheet material and horizontal plane is made to be
80 °~90 °.
Preferably, the root face height of the groove is 0~3mm, and the fit-up gap of two sheet material docking to be welded is
3.5mm~8mm.
Preferably, the dorsal part of the groove is closed by a ceramic substrate, and the ceramic substrate includes ceramics
Gasket body and it is coated on the external iron sheet set of ceramic substrate sheet.
Preferably, the structure surface side of described two sheet materials to be welded is welded and fixed horse plate, the horse plate and the pottery
Voussoir is embedded between ceramic liner pad, by ceramic substrate secured fit at the groove.
As shown from the above technical solution, advantages and positive effects of the present invention are：Welding side of the invention
Electro-gas (enclosed) welding technology is applied to method the welding of the cross joint of ship sea work sheet material, and the welding method can be with
Meet thickness 14mm~20mm, the sheet material welding of -20 DEG C of low-temperature impact requirements needs.The present invention at least has
Have the advantage that：(1) by the cooperation of groove assembling form and welding parameter, can be weld seam active line
Energy is reduced to 10KJ/mm, it is ensured that under low-temperature impact requirement, impact value meets code requirement；(2)
The welding method is compared with traditional-handwork arc welding, carbon dioxide gas arc welding, and weld seam is once-forming,
Only need welding together, it is not necessary to which one weld seam every to each layer carries out grinding process and control interlayer temperature；
(3) carbon plane need not be made to reverse side, can guarantee that bevelled edge is fully merged, do not merged without producing
Weld defect, welding quality is high and welding efficiency is significantly improved；(4) groove direction and traditional welding method
Groove is in opposite direction, is opened in non-structural surface side, and positioning horse plate is correspondingly assemblied in structure surface side, in welding
The flatness of outer plate surfaces is not influenceed during completion removal horse plate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is fitting joint schematic diagram of the prior art using traditional-handwork arc welding.
Fig. 2 is fitting joint schematic diagram of the present invention using electro-gas (enclosed) welding.
Fig. 3 is the assembling schematic diagram when present invention is welded using electro-gas (enclosed) welding.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of horse plate in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of voussoir in Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is that the fitting joint of the preferred embodiment welded using welding method of the present invention is illustrated
Figure.
Fig. 7 is welding point hardness test schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is macroscopical general picture figure of welding point of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals is as follows：100th, sheet material/test plate (panel)；101st, groove；200th, ceramic substrate；300、
Horse plate；301st, open slot；400th, voussoir；500th, water-cooled copper shoe；600th, weld metal zone.
Specific embodiment
Embodying feature of present invention will describe in detail in the following description with the exemplary embodiment of advantage.Should
What is understood is that the present invention can have various changes in different implementation methods, and it does not all depart from this hair
Bright scope, and explanation therein and diagram are treated as purposes of discussion in itself, and it is not used to limitation originally
Invention.
The present invention provides a kind of welding method of ship sea work sheet material, mainly including step：
S10：Finished edge and docked on two sheet materials to be welded；As shown in Fig. 2 sheet material 100 pairs
After connecing formed groove 101 be V-butt, the angle [alpha] of groove 101 be 35 °~45 °, root face height
D1 is more preferably 0~3mm, and the fit-up gap d2 of the docking of sheet material to be welded 100 is more preferably 3.5mm~8mm.
Groove 101 is opened in the non-structural face NSF sides of sheet material 100, wherein, non-structural face NSF and structure
Face SF is two surfaces of sheet material 100, and structural plane SF refers to use the isostructural surface of armature, right
Ying Di, non-structural face NSF refer to without the isostructural surface of armature.In ship or marine engineering product, knot
, generally as inner surface, non-structural face NSF is generally as outer surface for structure face SF.Sheet material to be welded 100
Thickness t is more preferably 14mm~20mm.
S20：Using electro-gas (enclosed) welding to forming a solder at groove 101.Welding parameter is：Electric current 310
A~360A, voltage 31V~35V, speed of welding 70mm/min~120mm/min, heat input
4.8KJ/mm~10.0KJ/mm, electrode extension 30mm~35mm, wire feed rate
11cm/s~24cm/s.
Electro-gas (enclosed) welding technology is applied to the welding method of the invention the cross joint of ship sea work sheet material
Welding, the welding method can meet thickness 14mm~20mm, -20 DEG C of sheet material welderings of low-temperature impact requirement
Connect needs.The present invention at least has advantages below：(1) matching somebody with somebody by groove assembling form and welding parameter
Close, the effective heat input of weld seam can be reduced to 10KJ/mm, it is ensured that under low-temperature impact requirement, punching
Hit value and meet code requirement；(2) welding method and traditional-handwork arc welding, CO 2 gas-shielded
Weldering compares, and weld seam is once-forming, it is only necessary to which welding is together, it is not necessary to which one weld seam every to each layer enters
Row grinding process simultaneously controls interlayer temperature；(3) carbon plane need not be made to reverse side, can guarantee that bevelled edge is filled
Point fusion, the weld defect such as does not merge without producing, and welding quality is high and welding efficiency is significantly improved；
(4) groove direction is in opposite direction with traditional welding method groove, is opened in non-structural surface side, positions horse plate phase
It is assemblied in structure surface side with answering, does not influence the flatness of outer plate surfaces when welding completes removal horse plate.
Refering to Fig. 3, according to the process requirements of electro-gas (enclosed) welding, before using electro-gas (enclosed) welding formally welding,
The dorsal part of groove 101 is closed using a ceramic substrate 200 in the structural plane SF sides of sheet material 100.In ceramics
The periphery of pad 200 is additionally provided with horse plate 300, and horse plate 300 is evenly arranged simultaneously along the length direction of groove 101
It is welded and fixed with two sheet materials to be welded 100.Voussoir 400 is embedded between horse plate 300 and ceramic substrate 200,
By the secured fit of ceramic substrate 200 at groove 101, and make the center of ceramic substrate 200 and groove 101
Center CL aligns.
Fig. 3 to Fig. 5 is referred in the lump, and horse plate 300 is provided with open slot 301, and horse plate 300 is fixed on sheet material
When on 100, open slot 301 covers groove towards the structural plane SF sides of sheet material 100, open slot 301
101 scope.Ceramic substrate 200 passes through the open slot 301 of horse plate 300, voussoir 400 to be embedded at ceramics
Pad between 200 bottom surfaces and the bottom surface of 300 open slot of horse plate 301, the section of voussoir 400 is triangular in shape,
The length between ceramic substrate 200 and horse plate 300 is stretched into by adjusting voussoir 400 and makes ceramic substrate 200
Fastening.The voussoir 400 is more preferably iron voussoir.
More preferably, ceramic substrate 200 includes ceramic substrate body and is coated on the external iron of ceramic substrate sheet
Leather sheath, the ceramic substrate 200 can high temperature resistant, with conventional ceramic pad compared with, can effectively prevent filling
Metal overflows and itself is not melted in welding.
Referring again to Fig. 3, the groove side water-cooled copper shoe 500 of sheet material 100 is adjacent to, and makes groove 101
The center alignment of center CL and water-cooled copper shoe 500.
Before welding, guide rail is placed in away from abutment joint 200mm (distance of the guide rail sideline away from abutment joint) place,
Dust, rubbish and the dirt on magnet steel surface must be removed before guide rail is installed, and ensures guide rail and bead direction
It is parallel.
During welding, more preferably, the carbon dioxide with purity more than or equal to 99.5% is protected, gas
Body flow value ensures in 25L/min~31L/min.In welding, make the angle between sheet material and horizontal plane
It it is 80 °~90 °, welding tractor moves along the rail sheet material is docked according to the welding parameter in step S20
Groove at welded.
Further, according to the difference of the thickness of sheet material 100, welding parameter can according to the form below optimize, table
Middle t represents the thickness of sheet material 100.
When electro-gas (enclosed) welding is carried out, operating personnel's moment pays close attention to wire melting position, makes wire melting point position
In the position of centre of gravity of seam cross-section, adjustment in time is such as offset, to ensure that weld seam positive and negative fills metal
It is good with sheet material fusion.
Refering to Fig. 6, welding method of the invention is illustrated with a specific embodiment below.
First, sheet material, wlding prepare：
It is the test plate (panel) 100 of NVD36 to prepare two pieces of grades, and tensile strength Rm requirements are in 490N/mm2~
620N/mm2, yield strength ReH minimum values be 355N/mm2, sheet material supply of material state is normalizing (NR),
Every piece of size of test plate (panel) 100：Length 1000mm × width 300mm × thickness 20mm.Wlding is used
DNV ranks are IV Y40, a diameter of 1.6mm, polarity is DC reverse connection, the trade mark is K-EG3 two
Oxygen flux-cored wire.
2nd, sheet fabrication and assembling：
Every piece of test plate (panel) 100 is processed unilateral 20 degree, root face height d1 is the groove of 2mm, two pieces
Test plate (panel) 100 is docked by Fig. 6 modes, and fit-up gap d2 is 5.5mm, the groove formed after docking
Angle [alpha] is 40 °.
3rd, welding backing prepares：
Horse plate is welded and fixed in the structural plane SF sides of test plate (panel) 100, the ceramic liner that high temperature resistant is covered with iron sheet
Pad 200 is fastened after inserting at the horse plate open slot with iron voussoir, in making the center of ceramic substrate 200 and weld seam
The heart aligns, the every size of ceramic substrate 200：Length 670mm × width 42mm × thickness 15mm,
For the test plate (panel) 100 of the present embodiment length 1000mm, 1.5 ceramic substrates 200 are needed to carry out slope altogether
The assembling of 101 backs of mouth.The fit structure of horse plate, voussoir and ceramic substrate 200 see Fig. 3.
4th, welded rails calibration：
After guide rails assembling, the automatic walking trolley with welding gun is installed to weld seam original position, and start
Whether dolly power supply, makes dolly be walked along fusion length direction, determine welding wire external part in Weld pipe mill position
Put, further determine that whether track is laid smooth.
5th, weld：
Welding current is set in 345A~355A, and voltage is set in 33V~34V, using electro-gas (enclosed) welding pair
Weld seam forming a solder.
The result tested after the completion of welding in a manner described is as follows.
First, Non-Destructive Testing：After the qualified 24h of appearance test, the test plate (panel) 100 to having completed welding does
Nondestructive inspection ultrasound examination UT and magnetic MT detects that result of the test is qualified.
2nd, mechanical test：Test sample is taken on the test plate (panel) 100 for having completed welding：Cross directional stretch sample
2；Side bend specimen 4；4 groups of impact specimen, every group of three pieces of samples；Macrospecimen 1.
1st, under normal temperature, tension failure experiment is carried out to two cross directional stretch samples, is as a result broken and occurs in mother
Material position, the specific test data such as following table of two samples：
2nd, under normal temperature, 180 ° of bend tests are carried out to four side bend specimens, are as a result broken,
The test data of each sample such as following table：
| Specimen coding | Width/mm | Bend specimen type | As a result |
| B1 | 10 | Lateral bending | Pass through |
| B2 | 10 | Lateral bending | Pass through |
| B3 | 10 | Lateral bending | Pass through |
| B4 | 10 | Lateral bending | Pass through |
3rd, four groups of impact specimens are processed on request, and size is 55mm × 10mm × 10mm.Four groups
The testing position of sample adds 2mm, melt run plus 5mm in Weld pipe mill, melt run, melt run respectively,
Every group of three samples, the impact of collision test value such as following table under the conditions of -20 DEG C：
4th, under normal temperature, vickers hardness test is carried out to sample, according to the rank of test panels, surveys Vickers
Hardness number HV10 should be not more than 350.The following institute of the hardness test result of various point locations as shown in Figure 7
Show, distances of its cathetus A away from the structural plane SF of test plate (panel) 100 is about 1mm, the 6th, 7,8 points and
12nd, 13,14 points of distances away from melt run be not more than 0.5mm, the 9th, 10,11 points be located at weld seam
Area 600.
1st point to the 10th point of test result is：
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
| A | 193 | 193 | 192 | 195 | 199 | 209 | 215 | 213 | 206 | 212 |
| B | 192 | 192 | 193 | 195 | 198 | 202 | 202 | 205 | 216 | 203 |
11st point to the 19th point of test result is：
| 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | |
| A | 207 | 207 | 209 | 207 | 203 | 194 | 189 | 189 | 191 |
| B | 205 | 193 | 194 | 192 | 191 | 189 | 189 | 188 | 189 |
Metallographic testing result is not as shown in figure 8, welding zone finds defect.
Finally, using traditional-handwork CO2Semiautomatic welding technique and use electro-gas (enclosed) welding technique of the present invention are to phase
When same mother metal thickness of slab and identical weld length is welded, its welding parameter and weld interval are to such as
Shown in following table：
As seen from the above table, in error allowed band, it is assumed that all do not need repair by welding, 1m is long for welding
Degree weld seam, manual CO2Weld interval needed for weldering is 2.5h, and uses gas by welding method of the invention
It is only craft CO that electric vertical position welding is only needed the time required to 0.33h, the present invention2The 13.2% of weldering, is greatly improved work
Make efficiency.
Although describing the present invention with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that, term used
It is explanation and exemplary and nonrestrictive term.Because the present invention can be embodied in a variety of forms
Without deviating from invention it is spiritual or substantive, it should therefore be appreciated that above-mentioned implementation method be not limited to it is any foregoing
Details, and widely explained in the spirit and scope that should be limited in appended claims, therefore fall into
Whole changes and remodeling in claim or its equivalent scope all should be appended claims and covered.
Claims (8)
1. the welding method of a kind of ship sea work sheet material, it is characterised in that including step：
Finished edge and docked on two sheet materials to be welded；Wherein, groove is opened in the non-structural surface side of sheet material, and groove type is V-butt, 35 ° ~ 45 ° of bevel angle；
Using electro-gas (enclosed) welding to forming a solder at groove；Welding parameter is：310 A of electric current ~ 360A, voltage 31V ~ 35V, speed of welding 70mm/min ~ 120 mm/min, heat input 4.8KJ/mm ~ 10.0 KJ/mm, electrode extension 30mm ~ 35mm, wire feed rate 11cm/s ~ 24cm/s.
2. welding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of the sheet material is 14mm ~ 20mm.
3. welding method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the thickness of the sheet material is t；
In 14mm≤t ＜ 16mm, the bevel angle is 40 ° ~ 45 °, and welding parameter is：310 A of electric current ~ 340A, voltage 31V ~ 34V, speed of welding 90 mm/min ~ 120 mm/min, heat input 4.8KJ/mm ~ 7.7 KJ/mm, wire feed rate 12cm/s ~ 20cm/s；
In 16mm≤t ＜ 18mm, the bevel angle is 35 ° ~ 40 °, and welding parameter is：320 A of electric current ~ 350A, voltage 32V ~ 35V, speed of welding 80 mm/min ~ 110 mm/min, heat input 5.6KJ/mm ~ 9.2 KJ/mm, wire feed rate 11cm/s ~ 22cm/s；
In 18mm≤t≤20mm, the bevel angle is 35 ° ~ 40 °, and welding parameter is：340 A of electric current ~ 360A, voltage 33V ~ 35V, speed of welding 70 mm/min ~ 75 mm/min, heat input 8.9KJ/mm ~ 10.0 KJ/mm, wire feed rate 14cm/s ~ 24cm/s.
4. the welding method according to claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that when using electro-gas (enclosed) welding to being welded at groove, the carbon dioxide with purity more than or equal to 99.5% is protected, and gas flow is 25 L/min~31L/min.
5. the welding method according to claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that during using electro-gas (enclosed) welding to being welded at groove, makes the angle between sheet material and horizontal plane be 80 ° ~ 90 °.
6. the welding method according to claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that the root face height of the groove is 0 ~ 3mm, and the fit-up gap of two sheet materials docking to be welded is 3.5mm ~ 8mm.
7. the welding method according to claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that the dorsal part of the groove is closed by a ceramic substrate, the ceramic substrate includes ceramic substrate body and is coated on the external iron sheet set of ceramic substrate sheet.
8. welding method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the structure surface side of two sheet material to be welded is welded and fixed horse plate, voussoir is embedded between the horse plate and the ceramic substrate, by ceramic substrate secured fit at the groove.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN107813034A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-03-20 | 南京奥特电气股份有限公司 | A kind of flux-cored wire gas protects vertical-up welding process |
| CN108088915A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-05-29 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司火力发电技术研究所 | A kind of non-destructive ultrasonic detects voussoir |
| CN109079280A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2018-12-25 | 中船澄西船舶修造有限公司 | A kind of flat docking of hull is big to close up seam combined welding technique |
| CN109773311A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-21 | 广船国际有限公司 | A kind of horizontal abutment joint single side buried arc welding method |
| CN110560843A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-12-13 | 广州黄船海洋工程有限公司 | One-step forming welding process for Q420 high-strength steel thick plate by electro-gas welding |
| CN112427779A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-03-02 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Large heat input electro-gas welding method for thick plate |
| CN112621031A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-09 | 上海江南长兴造船有限责任公司 | Welding method of magnetized steel plate in ship building process |
| CN114101867A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-01 | 扬州中远海运重工有限公司 | Electrogas welding method for high-strength steel plate for 42-50mm ship body |
| CN114734124A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-07-12 | 广船国际有限公司 | Processing method of electrogas welding joint |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108088915A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-05-29 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司火力发电技术研究所 | A kind of non-destructive ultrasonic detects voussoir |
| CN107813034A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-03-20 | 南京奥特电气股份有限公司 | A kind of flux-cored wire gas protects vertical-up welding process |
| CN109079280A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2018-12-25 | 中船澄西船舶修造有限公司 | A kind of flat docking of hull is big to close up seam combined welding technique |
| CN109773311A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-21 | 广船国际有限公司 | A kind of horizontal abutment joint single side buried arc welding method |
| CN112427779A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-03-02 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Large heat input electro-gas welding method for thick plate |
| CN110560843A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-12-13 | 广州黄船海洋工程有限公司 | One-step forming welding process for Q420 high-strength steel thick plate by electro-gas welding |
| CN110560843B (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2021-08-13 | 广州黄船海洋工程有限公司 | One-step forming welding process for Q420 high-strength steel thick plate by electro-gas welding |
| CN112621031A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-09 | 上海江南长兴造船有限责任公司 | Welding method of magnetized steel plate in ship building process |
| CN114101867A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-01 | 扬州中远海运重工有限公司 | Electrogas welding method for high-strength steel plate for 42-50mm ship body |
| CN114734124A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-07-12 | 广船国际有限公司 | Processing method of electrogas welding joint |
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