CN106686699B - A kind of more AP selection methods based on available bandwidth - Google Patents

A kind of more AP selection methods based on available bandwidth Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106686699B
CN106686699B CN201710013090.1A CN201710013090A CN106686699B CN 106686699 B CN106686699 B CN 106686699B CN 201710013090 A CN201710013090 A CN 201710013090A CN 106686699 B CN106686699 B CN 106686699B
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user
data packet
available bandwidth
value
follows
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CN106686699A (en
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代玥玥
许都
谌薇
孙罡
廖丹
虞红芳
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/16Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/20Selecting an access point

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Communication process between user and AP is established as arriving first the queue theory model of Random Service by more AP selection methods based on available bandwidth that the invention discloses a kind of by analyzing IEEE802.11DCF agreement.By contacting between parameter and user data package configured transmission involved in communication process between analysis queue theory model parameter, user and AP, accurate AP available bandwidth value is obtained.Then available bandwidth is utilized, AC is the best AP of user's selection for needing to do more AP selections.The present invention uses the centralized control frame of AC+AP, without making any modification to existing user, is suitable for user's dynamic and reaches scene, have extraordinary operability and real-time, can adapt to the trend of current AP densification deployment.

Description

A kind of more AP selection methods based on available bandwidth
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless communication technology fields, more specifically, are related to a kind of more AP choosing based on available bandwidth Selection method.
Background technique
In order to meet the needs of people carry out voice, network communication whenever and wherever possible, WLAN comes into being.And it is wireless The fast development of local area network technology and the price of wireless product constantly reduce, so that the scale of WLAN is also going from strength to strength.More Come more public places, office, start dense deployment AP access point, provides convenient network for people's working entertainment etc. Service.
There are two types of basic frameworks by WLAN, and one is FAT AP frameworks, are called the autonomous network architecture;Another kind is AC+FIT AP framework, is called centralized network architecture.The former is powerful, and independence is strong, has capacity of self-government, when single deployment, no It needs to intervene special management and control devices, the access of wireless user, the encryption of business datum and business datum report can be completed alone The functions such as the forwarding of text, suitable for the scene of family or small enterprise WLAN.However it is connect in large-scale usage scenario such as market Access customer is more, and large area is needed to cover, if using FAT AP deployment can bring it is huge manage and maintain cost, adopt at this time Centralized network architecture with AC+FIT AP is more particularly suitable.Under the framework, FIT AP, which only has from wireless antenna transmitting/receiving wireless, to be believed Number, the functions such as bottom setting required by radio data encryption and IEEE802.11, Radio Access Controller AC (Access Controller) it is responsible for management control FITAP equipment, but it cannot emit radio frequency signal, the two cooperates common complete At WLAN function.When AC is managed and controls to all FIT AP in WLAN, FIT AP can be unified for and issue configuration, united One carries out software upgrading for FIT AP, and carries out the access authentication of user.
In the structure of the WLAN of large scale deployment, in order to guarantee that the seamless coverage of network, AP usually use intensively Deployment, therefore STA can scan multiple WIFI signals simultaneously in the same region.Under current standard, STA be usually select with The maximum AP of WIFI signal intensity RSSI establishes connection.This will lead to certain AP overloads, if new STA continues access overload AP, it is impossible to obtain timely, high quality service, while whole network situation will further deteriorate, resource utilization sharply drops It is low.Therefore, if STA is when being linked into wireless network, not instead of blindly the strongest AP of selection signal is not accessed, comprehensive Consider the information such as the available bandwidth of AP, after being assessed by effective mechanism, selects most suitable AP, then Internet resources Utilization rate will get a promotion.
In the prior art, when facing more AP select permeabilities, for propose one more preferably the AP trade-off decision factor grind Study carefully very much.It wherein, is to carry out the decision of AP selection by estimating the loading condition of AP than more typical way.Specific way It is that system concentrates the loading condition for counting each AP, then selects best AP for single user.This needs to do phase in user terminal The modification answered could complete the detection for all AP loading conditions, however this method has disadvantage:
(1), it needs to make an amendment in user terminal.The program, which needs to make an amendment cooperation in user terminal, completes user for more AP's Selection, in practical applications, the design of scheme should avoid making an amendment in user terminal as far as possible, and it is big otherwise to carry out difficulty.
(2), inaccurate for the selection of decision factor.The load of program simple statistics AP, can not actual response The link bandwidth occupancy situation of AP.Better way is, in conjunction with protocal analysis, accurately estimates that the load of each AP and link use Situation is re-used as decision factor in case AP selection uses.
Therefore, how to optimize user's access mechanism, to guarantee that demand for services and the network performance of user are of the invention grind Study carefully emphasis.
Summary of the invention
More AP selecting partys based on available bandwidth that it is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of Method is completed selection of the user for AP by the cooperation of AC and AP, can be provided most for user using the centralized architecture of AC+AP The AP of more Bandwidth guaranteeds is accessed.
For achieving the above object, a kind of more AP selection methods based on available bandwidth of the present invention, which is characterized in that packet Include following steps:
(1), the received signal strength RSSI thresholding of system is set and system is periodically that mobile subscriber updates most preferably The period of time T of wireless access point AP;
(2), each AP itself available bandwidth value is calculated
After user accesses AP, by the channel transmission data packet where AP, there are two types of states in transmission process for data packet: Conflict and Successful transmissions;
So, the time overhead clashed in transmission of data packets are as follows:
TC=PHY_head+MAC_head+E [TL]+DIFS+δ
Wherein, PHY_head indicates that the packet header time overhead of physical layer, MAC_head indicate the packet of media access control layer Head time overhead, E [TL] indicate packet transmission time expense TLMean value, DIFS indicate distributed inter-frame space, δ indicate pass Sowing time prolongs;
The time overhead that data packet is delivered successfully on channel are as follows:
TS=PHY_head+MAC_head+E [TL]+DIFS+δ+ACK+SIFS+δ
Wherein, ACK indicates confirmation character time expense, and SIFS indicates short interFrameGap;
There are two types of states for the channel of AP: it is idle and busy, then, user is in idle condition general with the associated channel of AP Rate PidleAre as follows:
Wherein, τnIndicate the probability that some data packet is currently transmitted in current time slots;When τ indicates current under saturation state The probability that some data packet is currently transmitted in gap;λ=λ12+...+λN, indicate the poisson arrival rate of data packet on AP, N table Show the number of users that current AP is mounted;pnThe number of users for indicating competitive channel in current time slots is the probability of n;RatedataTable Show data packet transmission rates;
The probability that data packet is delivered successfully on channel are as follows:
The probability that data packet is clashed in channel are as follows:
The link bandwidth that current AP has been used are as follows:
Wherein, E [L] indicates the mean value of data packet length L;σ indicates unit time slot;
The available bandwidth value of AP are as follows:
EAB=B-S
Wherein, B=max { S } indicates that the link bandwidth upper limit value that AP can be used, the value do not exceed the band of eating dishes without rice or wine of AP Width values;
(3), Radio Access Controller AC is that user selects best AP
(3.1), for AP to the scanning mode of AC report of user, AC counts available bandwidth value and all AP and the user of all AP Between RSSI value;
(3.2), AC finds out the user for needing to do more AP selections from all users;
(3.3), it is alternative to be put into AP according to RSSI threshold value by AC by the AP that RSSI value between AP and user is greater than RSSI thresholding It concentrates, to construct AP alternative collection to need to be the user of more AP selections, while the available bandwidth value of corresponding A P is stored in AP In alternative collection;
(3.4), AC selects the maximum AP of available bandwidth as the best AP of user from AP alternative collection;
(4), user establishes the link with best AP
(4.1), AC detects the scanning mode of user, if user's active transmission Probe-request frame, actively to sweep Retouch mode;If user receives Beacon frame, for drive sweep mode;
(4.2) if, user use active scan: AC to best AP send incoming instruction, after best AP receives incoming instruction Probe-response frame is replied to user, then completes to be associated with and authenticate with user by best AP, to be successfully established user With linking for best AP;
(4.3) if, user use drive sweep mode: AC sends incoming instruction to best AP, and best AP receives access and refer to Rear line is enabled to reply Beacon frame, while AC sends obstruction instruction to other AP in addition to best AP, blocks other AP and uses Association and certification are completed in family, and best AP is only allowed to complete to complete to be associated with and authenticate with user, to be successfully established user and most The link of good AP.
Goal of the invention of the invention is achieved in that
A kind of more AP selection methods based on available bandwidth of the present invention will be used by analyzing IEEE 802.11DCF agreement Communication process between family and AP is established as arriving first the queue theory model of Random Service.By analysis queue theory model parameter, use It is available to obtain accurate AP for contacting between parameter involved in communication process and user data package configured transmission between family and AP Bandwidth value.Then available bandwidth is utilized, AC is the best AP of user's selection for needing to do more AP selections.The present invention is using AC+AP's Centralized control frame is suitable for user's dynamic and reaches scene, have extraordinary grasp without making any modification to existing user The property made and real-time can adapt to the trend of current AP densification deployment.
Meanwhile a kind of more AP selection methods based on available bandwidth of the present invention also have the advantages that
(1), the present invention is based on the analyses of IEEE 802.11DCF agreement, and the communication process between user and AP is established row Team theory model, and then obtain accurate AP available bandwidth value.
(2), AP selection method proposed by the invention is not necessarily to carry out any modification to existing user, utilizes AC+AP's Centralized architecture completes selection of the user for AP by the cooperation of AC and AP, is suitable for user's dynamic and reaches scene, has real-time The characteristics of property.
(3), the more AP selection algorithms of user proposed by the present invention select to be this from the angle of each user itself User provides the AP access of most Bandwidth guaranteeds, has fully demonstrated considering for user experience.
(4), the AP selection method that this hair is proposed, arithmetic speed is fast, can be applied to the dynamic scene of dense deployment, can Improve the handling capacity of the whole network.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is more AP selection method flow charts the present invention is based on available bandwidth;
Fig. 2 is the data packet transmission process schematic diagram based on IEEE 802.11DCF agreement.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawing, preferably so as to those skilled in the art Understand the present invention.Requiring particular attention is that in the following description, when known function and the detailed description of design perhaps When can desalinate main contents of the invention, these descriptions will be ignored herein.
Embodiment
For the convenience of description, being first illustrated to the relevant speciality term occurred in specific embodiment:
WLAN (Wireless Local Area Networks): WLAN;
AP (Access Point): wireless access point;
FAT AP: fat AP;
FIT AP: thin AP;
STA (Station): website or user;
DCF (Distributed Coordination Function): distributed coordination function agreement
RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication): received signal strength indicator;
DIFS (Distributed Inter-frame Spacing): distributed inter-frame space;
ACK (Acknowledgement): confirmation character time expense;
SIFS (Short Inter-frame Spacing): short interFrameGap;
AC (Access Controller): Radio Access Controller;
Probe-request: the claim frame that user issues under active scan mode;
Probe-response: the reply frame that AP is issued under active scan mode;
Beacon: the frame that AP is periodically sent out under drive sweep mode.
Fig. 1 is more AP selection method flow charts the present invention is based on available bandwidth.
The present invention is using the data transmission procedure between queueing theory modeling STA and AP, to estimate the available of each AP Bandwidth, the then decision factor by available bandwidth as user's more AP selection, progress AP selection guarantee user's body with this It tests.
Present invention additionally contemplates that the STA with transmit queue just can directly join in IEEE 802.11DCF competition mechanism With the competition of channel, therefore the present invention by the packet header of each STA transmit queue be modeled as be lined up client, M/ is established in DCF G/1/K queuing model, the collision probability of accurate estimated data packet, Successful transmissions rate carry out the prediction of AP available bandwidth.
Using above- mentioned information, the present invention uses AC+FITAP framework, with decision that available bandwidth is the more AP selections of user because Son devises a set of selection strategy completed by the collaboration of AP and AC controller, and the strategy is without doing any repair to existing STA Change.
Below with reference to Fig. 1, a kind of more AP selection methods based on available bandwidth of the present invention are described in detail, it is specific to wrap Include following steps:
(1), the RSSI thresholding of system is set and system is periodically that mobile subscriber updates optimal wireless access point AP Period of time T;
In the present embodiment, RSSI threshold value is set as -85dBm;Period of time T is more for judging whether user needs to do AP selection.It after mobile subscriber accesses a certain AP, itself is in constantly movement, therefore after a period of time, the user's is best AP can change with the movement of user, in order to guarantee that mobile subscriber's performance, system are periodically that mobile subscriber updates most preferably AP, the period are T.
(2), each AP itself available bandwidth value is calculated
After user accesses AP, by the channel transmission data packet where AP, there are two types of states in transmission process for data packet: Conflict and Successful transmissions;
As shown in Fig. 2, under current AP carry 4 users, 4 horizontal lines indicate 4 users data within the same period The transmission situation of packet, single horizontal line expression is the case where single user in time-domain transmits a data packet, big rectangle and small square The sum of shape is time delay required for single data packet is transmitted, and big rectangle indicates transmission data packet the time it takes, small rectangle table Show DCF protocol overhead.
DCF agreement regulation: when user needs to send data, listen to channel first, when the channel is idle between be greater than DIFS When, it sends data packet (such as STA3), otherwise participates in back off procedure.Back off procedure refers to when there are two users to try concurrently to transmission number According to and send conflict, DCF starts binary exponential backoff mechanism, and STA1 and STA4 tries concurrently to send out after DIFS in diagram It send data and then generates rollback.When there is other users sending data in back off procedure, Backoff time is frozen, in diagram STA2 and STA undergoes this process.When back off procedure once terminates, user sends data.Above data packet is transmitted across by the present invention Journey is described as following three basic process: 1) data packet collisions process, and 2) back off procedure, 3) data packet Successful transmissions process.And Not every data packet transmission is intended to completely undergo three above process, therefore three above procedural representation is by the present invention One event sent with probability, probability respectively indicates are as follows: collision probability Pc arrives first idle probability in back off procedure PidleAnd the probability P s that data packet is successfully transmitted.
One complete data packet Successful transmissions process, needs to undergo in above-mentioned transmission process and the above process not The AP Recovery Process of description.When AP is successfully received data packet, one ACK information of user can be replied in time, and this time is opened Pin is ACK+SIFS+ δ, then, the time overhead clashed in transmission of data packets are as follows:
TC=PHY_head+MAC_head+E [TL]+DIFS+δ
Wherein, PHY_head indicates that the packet header time overhead of physical layer, MAC_head indicate the packet of media access control layer Head time overhead, E [TL] indicate packet transmission time expense TLMean value, DIFS indicate distributed inter-frame space, δ indicate pass Sowing time prolongs;
The time overhead that data packet is delivered successfully on channel are as follows:
TS=PHY_head+MAC_head+E [TL]+DIFS+δ+ACK+SIFS+δ
Wherein, ACK is indicated, SIFS is indicated;
The foregoing describe DCF agreements to be related to the time delay expense of the correlated process of data packet transmission, next the description present invention The expression formula about the corresponding probability of three processes calculated according to M/G/1/K queue.
There are two types of states for the channel of AP: idle and busy;Assuming that there is n user to compete shared letter at the same time in N number of STA Road, then the probability that the number of users in competitive channel simultaneously is n is pn.When have n user simultaneously competitive channel the case where Under, the probability that channel is still within idle state can indicate are as follows:
Wherein, τnIndicate the probability that some data packet is currently transmitted in current time slots;When τ indicates current under saturation state The probability that some data packet is currently transmitted in gap;λ=λ12+…+λN, indicate the poisson arrival rate of data packet on AP, N is indicated The number of users that current AP is mounted;pnThe number of users for indicating competitive channel in current time slots is the probability of n;RatedataIt indicates Data packet transmission rates;
In the case where having n user while competitive channel, AP is to be properly received a data packet, then current time slots The data packet ensuring escapement from confliction of only one interior user transmits, and the data packet of other n-1 user is not transmitted, then counting The probability being delivered successfully on channel according to packet are as follows:
When there is n user simultaneously in the case where competitive channel, collision probability then can be regarded as at least there are two or two Above user transmits data packet in same time slot, then the probability that data packet is clashed in channel are as follows:
Under current AP when the N number of user of carry, the current occupied link bandwidth of AP are as follows:
The available bandwidth value of AP are as follows:
EAB=B-S
Wherein, B=max { S } indicates that the link bandwidth upper limit value that AP can be used, the value do not exceed the band of eating dishes without rice or wine of AP Width values.
(3), Radio Access Controller AC is that user selects best AP
When a STA is entered in more overlay areas AP, detecting first by way of actively or passively scanning can The AP of incidence relation can be established therewith, wherein AP that is being scanned and meeting RSSI thresholding is then the alternative AP of A of the STA; Specific steps are as follows:
(3.1), for AP to the scanning mode of AC report of user, AC counts available bandwidth value and all AP and the user of all AP Between RSSI value;
(3.2), AC finds out the user for needing to do more AP selections from all users;Method particularly includes: 1), judge the use Whether family is new user;2), judge whether the time cycle t of the user is 0, t≤T;When meet wherein any one be need It is the user of more AP selections;If conditions are not met, then terminating to carry out subsequent time period t=t-1;
(3.3), it is alternative to be put into AP according to RSSI threshold value by AC by the AP that RSSI value between AP and user is greater than RSSI thresholding It concentrates, to construct AP alternative collection to need to be the user of more AP selections, while the available bandwidth value of corresponding A P is stored in AP In alternative collection;
(3.4), AC selects the maximum AP of available bandwidth as the best AP of user from AP alternative collection;
(4), user establishes the link with best AP
In order to avoid making an amendment in user terminal, user's access procedure is transferred to the end AP and AC and completed by the present invention.User's Complete access procedure includes three steps: scanning, association and certification;
(4.1), AC detects the scanning mode of user, if user's active transmission Probe-request frame, actively to sweep Retouch mode;If user receives Beacon frame, for drive sweep mode;
(4.2) if, user use active scan: AC to best AP send incoming instruction, after best AP receives incoming instruction Probe-response frame is replied to user, then completes to be associated with and authenticate with user by best AP, to be successfully established user With linking for best AP;
(4.3) if, user use drive sweep mode: AC sends incoming instruction to best AP, and best AP receives access and refer to Rear line is enabled to reply Beacon frame, while AC sends obstruction instruction to other AP in addition to best AP, blocks other AP and uses Association and certification are completed in family, and best AP is only allowed to complete to complete to be associated with and authenticate with user, to be successfully established user and most The link of good AP.
Although the illustrative specific embodiment of the present invention is described above, in order to the technology of the art Personnel understand the present invention, it should be apparent that the present invention is not limited to the range of specific embodiment, to the common skill of the art For art personnel, if various change the attached claims limit and determine the spirit and scope of the present invention in, these Variation is it will be apparent that all utilize the innovation and creation of present inventive concept in the column of protection.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of more AP selection methods based on available bandwidth, which comprises the following steps:
(1), the received signal strength RSSI thresholding of system is set and system is periodically that mobile subscriber updates optimal wireless The period of time T of access point AP;
(2), each AP itself available bandwidth value is calculated
After user accesses AP, by the channel transmission data packet where AP, there are two types of states in transmission process for data packet: conflict And Successful transmissions;
So, the time overhead clashed in transmission of data packets are as follows:
TC=PHY_head+MAC_head+E [TL]+DIFS+δ
Wherein, PHY_head indicates the packet header time overhead of physical layer, when MAC_head indicates the packet header of media access control layer Between expense, E [TL] indicate packet transmission time expense TLMean value, DIFS indicate distributed inter-frame space, δ indicate propagate when Prolong;
The time overhead that data packet is delivered successfully on channel are as follows:
TS=PHY_head+MAC_head+E [TL]+DIFS+δ+ACK+SIFS+δ
Wherein, ACK indicates confirmation character time expense, and SIFS indicates short interFrameGap;
There are two types of states for the channel of AP: it is idle and busy, then, the probability that user is in idle condition with the associated channel of AP PidleAre as follows:
Wherein, τnIndicate the probability that some data packet is currently transmitted in current time slots;τ is indicated under saturation state in current time slots The probability that some data packet is currently transmitted;λ=λ12+...+λN, indicate the poisson arrival rate of data packet on AP, N expression is worked as The number of users that preceding AP is mounted;pnThe number of users for indicating competitive channel in current time slots is the probability of n;RatedataIndicate number According to packet transmission rate;
The probability that data packet is delivered successfully on channel are as follows:
The probability that data packet is clashed in channel are as follows:
The link bandwidth that current AP has been used are as follows:
Wherein, E [L] indicates the mean value of data packet length L;σ indicates unit time slot;
The available bandwidth value of AP are as follows:
EAB=B-S
Wherein, B=max { S } indicates that the link bandwidth upper limit value that AP can be used, the value do not exceed the bandwidth of air-interface value of AP;
(3), Radio Access Controller AC is that user selects best AP
(3.1), to the scanning mode of AC report of user, AC counts between the available bandwidth value of all AP and all AP and user AP RSSI value;
(3.2), AC finds out the user for needing to do more AP selections from all users;
(3.3), the AP that RSSI value between AP and user is greater than RSSI thresholding is put into AP alternative collection according to RSSI threshold value by AC In, to construct AP alternative collection to need to be the user of more AP selections, while the available bandwidth value of corresponding A P deposit AP is standby In selected works;
(3.4), AC selects the maximum AP of available bandwidth as the best AP of user from AP alternative collection;
(4), user establishes the link with best AP
(4.1), AC detects the scanning mode of user, if user's active transmission Probe-request frame, for active scan side Formula;If user receives Beacon frame, for drive sweep mode;
(4.2) if, user use active scan: AC sends incoming instruction to best AP, best AP receive after incoming instruction to Probe-response frame is replied at family, then completes to be associated with and authenticate by best AP and user, to be successfully established user and most The link of good AP;
(4.3) if, user use drive sweep mode: AC to best AP send incoming instruction, after best AP receives incoming instruction Beacon frame is replied to user, while AC sends obstruction instruction to other AP in addition to best AP, and it is complete with user to block other AP At association and certification, best AP is only allowed to complete to complete to be associated with and authenticate with user, to be successfully established user and best AP Link.
2. a kind of more AP selection methods based on available bandwidth according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (3.2) in, AC finds out the method for needing to be the user of more AP selection from all users are as follows: 1), judge the user whether be New user;2), judge whether the time cycle t of the user is 0, t≤T;When satisfaction wherein as needs to be more AP for any one The user of selection.
CN201710013090.1A 2017-01-09 2017-01-09 A kind of more AP selection methods based on available bandwidth Expired - Fee Related CN106686699B (en)

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CN112601289B (en) * 2020-12-07 2021-10-01 广州技象科技有限公司 Multi-user access method and device based on uplink data transmission
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CN105828385A (en) * 2016-03-11 2016-08-03 西安电子科技大学 SDN-based WLAN centralized type AP selection mechanism

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