CN106684925A - Virtual synchronous generator-based microgrid inverter control method - Google Patents
Virtual synchronous generator-based microgrid inverter control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106684925A CN106684925A CN201510749967.4A CN201510749967A CN106684925A CN 106684925 A CN106684925 A CN 106684925A CN 201510749967 A CN201510749967 A CN 201510749967A CN 106684925 A CN106684925 A CN 106684925A
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- inverter
- synchronous generator
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- winding
- virtual synchronous
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/40—Synchronising a generator for connection to a network or to another generator
Abstract
The invention provides a virtual synchronous generator-based microgrid inverter control method. The method comprises the following steps of: establishing an ontological model of a virtual synchronous generator by utilizing a flux linkage equation and a five-order voltage equation of a synchronous generator; enabling the ontological model to have voltage amplitude frequency adjustment characteristic similar to that of the synchronous generator through the combination of an inverter power supply and a virtual synchronous generator algorithm; realizing inverter power supply control and power distribution during off-network operation, and enabling the inverter power supply to have a rotary inertia and a damping component; and under a grid-connected mode, obtaining ability and damp for providing inertia for the whole machine by utilizing a simulated generator droop characteristic, so as to support the normal operation of a microgrid.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the microgrid current transformer control field of distributed power generation, and in particular to a kind of to be generated electricity based on virtual synchronous
The microgrid inverter control method of machine.
Background technology
Distributed power generation is the effective means for solving new energy power generation grid-connection and improving user power utilization quality, but with electrical network
The continuous improvement of middle distributed power source permeability, its negative effect is increasingly highlighted.Microgrid can give full play to the excellent of distributed power source
Gesture, the power supply reliability for improving user, with vast potential for future development, by the concern and attention of countries in the world.
In conventional power system, system frequency, the dynamic characteristic of voltage and generator rotary inertia and system frequency modulation
Regulation Control is relevant.And in the distributed generation system grid-connected based on electronic power inverter, if by the energy storage ring being equipped with
Section, and using appropriate combining inverter control algolithm, make to be simulated from external characteristics based on the distributed power source of combining inverter
Or partial simulation goes out the frequency and voltage control characteristic of synchronous generator, so as to improve the stability of distributed system, here it is
Virtual synchronous generator techniques.
The main purpose of virtual synchronous generator techniques is, in order to increase the inertia of system, and then to improve the steady of mains frequency
It is qualitative.The inverter when technology can not only realize off-grid operation is controlled and power distribution, moreover it is possible to make inverter have rotation
Turn inertia and damping component, under grid-connect mode, the generator droop characteristic simulated using it supports the normal fortune of microgrid
OK.
The content of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of microgrid inverter control method based on virtual synchronous generator.The strategy can not only be real
Inverter control and power distribution during existing off-grid operation, moreover it is possible to make inverter that there is rotatory inertia and damping component,
Under grid-connect mode, the generator droop characteristic simulated using it can be propped up with ability and damping that inertia is provided for whole machine
The normal operation of support microgrid.
The present invention constructs the top level control of microgrid inverter, devises functions combination device, and microgrid inverter uses this kind of side
Method can simulate actual synchronization generator property, and realization stablizes grid-connected, special with good stable state, dynamic regulation performance and output
Property.
In microgrid inverter proposed by the present invention, main circuit adopts three-phase voltage-type inverter, and Li is filter inductance, and Ci is
Filter capacitor, Lk is the connection inductance of virtual synchronous generator and bulk power grid, and the collection of virtual synchronous generator control system is grid-connected
The I-V data of point, through control section obtain the mechanical output of virtual synchronous generator and excitation voltage command value be respectively PT,
EO, then using grid-connected voltage command value U* obtained by control algolithm model as inverter SPWM modulating waves, inverter voltage
Jing after the filtering of LC filter circuits so that grid-connected voltage Uabc is similar to terminal voltage.
The ontology model of virtual synchronous generator is set up under dq coordinate systems, the flux linkage equations of its winding are expressed as follows：
Wherein, L is inductance, MijFor mutual inductance, p is operator, and p=d/dt, ω are synchronous angular velocity.Ui(i=d, q, e, D, Q)
The respectively voltage of stator d, q windings, Damper Winding and rotor d, q winding, ψi(i=d, q, e, D, Q) be respectively stator d, q around
The magnetic linkage of group, Damper Winding and rotor d, q winding；ii(i=d, q, e, D, Q) is respectively stator d, q winding, Damper Winding and turns
The electric current of sub- d, q winding, Ri(i=d, q, e, D, Q) is the resistance of stator d, q winding, Damper Winding and rotor d, q winding.
The flux linkage equations equation of its winding can be expressed as follows
I in formulafFor the rotor current of synchronous motor, its equation is
Rotor mechanical equation is as follows
J therein for all rotating parts of rotor primary pivot inertia, TeFor electromagnetic torque, TmFor machine torque, TeFor
Electromagnetic torque, DpFor damped coefficient.Based on introducing Frequency Feedback Loop in the inverter control strategy of virtual synchronous generator
Section so that inverter can Tracking Frequency of Power Grids, while adopt grid-connected voltage closed-loop control to ensure stablizing for grid-connected voltage,
Stablizing for frequency and voltage can poorly be realized with unbiased.
If f is system actual frequency, fNFor system nominal frequency, PNIt is virtual synchronous generator first under rated frequency
Beginning active power of output, PTFor virtual synchronous generator real output, the frequency difference coefficient R of generator is defined, is then had,
Its perunit value is represented by,
Corresponding frequency change when can be mutated with the system load of quantificational expression synchronous generator of frequency difference coefficient, determines machine
Active power distribution between group.Because the principle of synchronous generator understands that its rotor frequency is low in interior mutation probability in short-term, and have
Standby certain inertia, by equation of rotor motion, virtual inertia control is incorporated in the control algolithm of microgrid inverter, so as to
The rotor motion characteristic of synchronous generator is simulated, the active power and frequency control equation that can obtain microgrid inverter is
Wherein, H be virtual inertia time constant, ω, ωgridThe respectively angular frequency of inverter and common bus,
Pmec、PoutThe respectively input of inverter and power output, KdFor damped coefficient；For phase angle.
When grid-connect mode is operated in, ωrefWith ωgridEqual, frequency modulation control device does not work, damping control module Kd
(ω-ωgrid) ensure that distributed inverter frequency is consistent with main mains frequency.
Because carried control algolithm can be operated in grid-connected, small-signal model is set up to it, the output voltage of inverter isCommon bus voltage is U ∠ 0, i.e., with common bus voltage as reference point, R1+jX1For line impedance.In grid-connect mode
Under, the output apparent energy of inverter can be expressed as,
In active and reactive power in transmitting procedure, its small-signal model for obtaining is as follows,
Work as ωgrid=ωrefWhen, the small-signal model of New Virtual synchronous generator VSG control strategies can be obtained,
OrderThe small-signal model of the microgrid inverter of VSG can be based on, it is represented by,
The microgrid inverter control method based on virtual synchronous generator that the invention is proposed, by inverter with it is virtual
The combination of synchronous generator algorithm so as to the voltage magnitude frequency regulation characteristics similar with synchronous generator；Realize off-network
Inverter control and power distribution during operation, moreover it is possible to make inverter that there is rotatory inertia and damping component to be simulated using it
The generator droop characteristic for going out, can have ability and the damping for providing inertia for whole machine, support the normal operation of microgrid.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 virtual synchronous generator principle figures
The grid-connected typical control structure of Fig. 2 microgrid inverters
Fig. 3 power and frequency control devices
Fig. 4 is active-FREQUENCY CONTROL block diagram
The grid-connected mode of operation equivalent circuit of Fig. 5 inverters
H and K under Fig. 6 grid-connect modesdFeature root locus during change
D under Fig. 7 grid-connect modesqFeature root locus during change
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to the present invention be embodied as elaborate.
As shown in figure 1, main circuit adopts three-phase voltage-type inverter, Li is filter inductance, and Ci is filter capacitor, and Lk is void
Intend the connection inductance of synchronous generator and bulk power grid, virtual synchronous generator control system gathers the I-V data of grid entry point, passes through
Control section obtains the mechanical output of virtual synchronous generator and excitation voltage command value is respectively PT, EO, then will be by control
Grid-connected voltage command value U* that algorithm model is obtained as inverter SPWM modulating waves, inverter voltage Jing LC filter circuits filtering
Afterwards so that grid-connected voltage Uabc is similar to terminal voltage.
As shown in Fig. 2 based on frequency feedback link is introduced in the inverter control strategy of virtual synchronous generator, making
Inverter can Tracking Frequency of Power Grids, while adopt grid-connected voltage closed-loop control to ensure stablizing for grid-connected voltage, can be with
Unbiased poorly realizes stablizing for frequency and voltage.
As shown in figure 3, in the design of virtual synchronous generator power and frequency control device, f is system actual frequency, fNFor system volume
Determine frequency, PNThe initial active power of output for being virtual synchronous generator under rated frequency, PTFor virtual synchronous generator reality
Power output.
As shown in figure 4, in active-FREQUENCY CONTROL block diagram, ω, ωgridThe respectively angle of inverter and common bus
Frequency, Pmec、PoutThe respectively input of inverter and power output, KdFor damped coefficient；For phase angle.When being operated in simultaneously
During net pattern, ωrefWith ωgridEqual, frequency modulation control device does not work, damping control module Kd(ω-ωgrid) ensure distributed
Inverter frequency is consistent with main mains frequency.
As shown in figure 5, control algolithm can be operated in grid-connected, small-signal model is set up to it, because carried control algolithm can
It is operated in grid-connected, small-signal model is set up to it, the output voltage of inverter isCommon bus voltage is U ∠ 0, i.e.,
With common bus voltage as reference point, R1+jX1For line impedance.Under grid-connect mode, the output apparent energy of inverter can be with
It is expressed as,
In active and reactive power in transmitting procedure, its small-signal model for obtaining is as follows,
As shown in fig. 6, under conditions of H=1,3,5, Kd1 000 root contours are changed to from 1.Can be seen that, system is common
There are 4 characteristic roots, wherein s3、s4For the real root for changing very little, the stability influence very little to system.Work as KdWhen less, s1、s2Position
In the right side of complex plane, system is unstable；With KdIncrease, s1、s2The left side of complex plane is moved to, system has preferably dynamic
Step response, is now in underdamping state, has certain overshoot.With the increase of H, characteristic root s1、s2Burble point to the imaginary axis move
Dynamic, the response speed of system is slack-off, and the damping of its correspondence attenuation components constantly reduces.
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail above, above example is only to illustrate technical side of the invention
Rather than a limitation, all impartial changes made according to the scope of the invention and improvement etc. all should still belong to this patent and cover model case
Within enclosing.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of microgrid inverter control method based on virtual synchronous generator, it is characterised in that：
A：Microgrid inverter main circuit adopts three-phase voltage-type inverter, and Li is filter inductance, and Ci is filter capacitor, and Lk is virtual
The connection inductance of synchronous generator and bulk power grid, virtual synchronous generator control system gathers the I-V data of grid entry point, through control
System part obtains the mechanical output and excitation voltage command value of virtual synchronous generator and is respectively PT, E0, then will be by controlling to calculate
Grid-connected voltage command value U* that method model is obtained as inverter SPWM modulating waves, inverter voltage Jing LC filter circuits filtering
Afterwards so that grid-connected voltage Uabc is similar to terminal voltage.
B：The ontology model of virtual synchronous generator is set up under dq coordinate systems, the flux linkage equations of its winding are expressed as follows：
Wherein, L is inductance, MijFor mutual inductance, p is operator, and p=d/dt, ω are synchronous angular velocity.Ui(i=d, q, e, D, Q) difference
For the voltage of stator d, q winding, Damper Winding and rotor d, q winding, ψi(i=d, q, e, D, Q) be respectively stator d, q winding,
The magnetic linkage of Damper Winding and rotor d, q winding；ii(i=d, q, e, D, Q) is respectively stator d, q winding, Damper Winding and rotor
The electric current of d, q winding, Ri(i=d, q, e, D, Q) is the resistance of stator d, q winding, Damper Winding and rotor d, q winding.
2. the microgrid inverter control method based on virtual synchronous generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that inverse
Introduce frequency feedback in variable power source control strategy so that inverter can Tracking Frequency of Power Grids, while using grid-connected voltage
Closed-loop control to ensure stablizing for grid-connected voltage, the voltage stabilization that frequency sum can be poorly realized with unbiased.
3. the microgrid inverter control method based on virtual synchronous generator according to claim 2, it is characterised in that will
Virtual inertia control is incorporated in the control algolithm of microgrid inverter, so as to the rotor motion for simulating synchronous generator is special
Property, the active power and frequency control equation of the microgrid inverter is
Wherein, H be virtual inertia time constant, ω, ωgridThe respectively angular frequency of inverter and common bus, Pmec、Pout
The respectively input of inverter and power output, KdFor damped coefficient；For phase angle.
4. the microgrid inverter control method based on virtual synchronous generator according to claim 3, it is characterised in that when
When being operated in grid-connect mode, ωrefWith ωgridEqual, frequency modulation control device does not work, damping control module Kd(ω-ωgrid) protect
Demonstrate,prove distributed inverter frequency consistent with main mains frequency.
5. the microgrid inverter control method based on virtual synchronous generator according to claim 4, it is characterised in that empty
Intend synchronous generator control strategy small-signal model be,
WhereinIt is based on the microgrid inverter small-signal model of virtual synchronous generator,
Wherein,
6. the microgrid inverter control method based on virtual synchronous generator according to claim 5, it is characterised in that logical
Cross the combination of inverter and virtual synchronous generator algorithm so as to adjust with the voltage magnitude frequency similar with synchronous generator
Section characteristic；Inverter when realizing off-grid operation is controlled and power distribution, moreover it is possible to make inverter have rotatory inertia and resistance
The generator droop characteristic that Buddhist nun's component is simulated using it, can have ability and the damping for providing inertia for whole machine, support microgrid
Normal operation.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107968589A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-04-27 | 上海电力学院 | A kind of self-adaptive damping control method of virtual synchronous generator |
| CN107968591A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-04-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Gird-connected inverter virtual inertia power decoupled control method based on prediction common point voltage |
| CN108063458A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-05-22 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司苏州供电分公司 | A kind of micro-capacitance sensor plug-and-play apparatus |
| CN108736517A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-02 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of inverse distributed power self-adaptive damping control strategy based on VSG |
| CN108923460A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-11-30 | 华北电力大学（保定） | The method for parameter configuration that microgrid virtual synchronous machine multi-machine parallel connection dynamic unanimously responds |
| CN110048439A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-23 | 郑州电力高等专科学校 | A kind of virtual synchronous generator control method based on line frequency averagely small-signal model |
| CN111404177A (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2020-07-10 | 重庆大学 | Self-adaptive secondary frequency modulation method for micro-grid of multiple virtual synchronous machines |
| CN111490558A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-08-04 | 杭州鸿晟电力设计咨询有限公司 | Microgrid grid-connected and off-grid safety control method for improved virtual synchronous generator |
| CN111525555A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-11 | 北京交通大学 | Modeling method of virtual synchronous machine black box model |
| CN112583033A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-30 | 清华四川能源互联网研究院 | Virtual inertia coordination control method and device based on energy storage charge state |
| CN115833266A (en) * | 2023-02-14 | 2023-03-21 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Aggregation control method for grid-following type converter cluster in new energy power system |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107968589B (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-12-27 | 上海电力学院 | Self-adaptive damping control method of virtual synchronous generator |
| CN107968589A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-04-27 | 上海电力学院 | A kind of self-adaptive damping control method of virtual synchronous generator |
| CN107968591A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-04-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Gird-connected inverter virtual inertia power decoupled control method based on prediction common point voltage |
| CN107968591B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2020-04-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Grid-connected inverter virtual inertia power decoupling control method based on common point voltage prediction |
| CN108063458A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-05-22 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司苏州供电分公司 | A kind of micro-capacitance sensor plug-and-play apparatus |
| CN108736517A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-02 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of inverse distributed power self-adaptive damping control strategy based on VSG |
| CN108923460B (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2023-08-04 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Parameter configuration method for multi-machine parallel dynamic consistent response of micro-grid virtual synchronous machine |
| CN108923460A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-11-30 | 华北电力大学（保定） | The method for parameter configuration that microgrid virtual synchronous machine multi-machine parallel connection dynamic unanimously responds |
| CN110048439A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-23 | 郑州电力高等专科学校 | A kind of virtual synchronous generator control method based on line frequency averagely small-signal model |
| CN111404177A (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2020-07-10 | 重庆大学 | Self-adaptive secondary frequency modulation method for micro-grid of multiple virtual synchronous machines |
| CN111404177B (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2021-08-17 | 重庆大学 | Self-adaptive secondary frequency modulation method for micro-grid of multiple virtual synchronous machines |
| CN111490558A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-08-04 | 杭州鸿晟电力设计咨询有限公司 | Microgrid grid-connected and off-grid safety control method for improved virtual synchronous generator |
| CN111525555A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-11 | 北京交通大学 | Modeling method of virtual synchronous machine black box model |
| CN112583033A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-30 | 清华四川能源互联网研究院 | Virtual inertia coordination control method and device based on energy storage charge state |
| CN112583033B (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2022-07-26 | 清华四川能源互联网研究院 | Virtual inertia coordination control method and device based on energy storage charge state |
| CN115833266A (en) * | 2023-02-14 | 2023-03-21 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Aggregation control method for grid-following type converter cluster in new energy power system |
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