CN106682104B - Web-based dynamic customization method for spatial data thematic map - Google Patents
Web-based dynamic customization method for spatial data thematic map Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic customization method of a spatial data thematic map based on Web, which comprises the following steps: s1, dynamically generating a map description file; s2, customizing a thematic map according to needs; s3, dynamic and static caching; and S4, dynamically publishing the spatial data. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method has the advantages that a dynamic spatial data publishing strategy is provided, technologies such as map on-demand generation and dynamic and static caching based on an OGC protocol are realized, the problems that a multi-source spatial data publishing mode is not intelligent, flexible and open enough, the on-line browsing time of spatial data is long, and the user experience is poor are further solved, the requirement that a user does not have a professional background to define a map style by himself is met, the user can browse spatial data appointed by the user at will, the dynamic, on-demand and efficient publishing of a network special map is realized, and the browsing efficiency of the spatial data is improved at a visual level.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dynamic publishing of spatial data, in particular to a dynamic customization method of a spatial data thematic map based on Web.
Background
Spatial data processed by the GIS has multiple sources and heterogeneity. With the development of big data, the geospatial data to be processed by the GIS also has the characteristics of mass, complexity, wide coverage and the like, and the characteristics of the geospatial data bring great challenges to the comprehensive utilization of the data and the network release of the map.
Data processed by a web-based GIS is generally stored in a cluster or storage system, while a browsing map is generally performed at a client, and a local area network or wide area network-based network map is a main form for displaying server data at present. The main problems existing in map release at the present stage are as follows:
(1) the data release mode is not intelligent and open enough: the current working mode of online map service is that the display style of a map is specified at a server side, and the map which is customized in advance is published simply through a network, so that the requirement that a user does not have a professional background to define the map style by himself or browse spatial data which is randomly specified by the user cannot be met, and the dynamic publishing of a network thematic map is realized.
(2) The processing time of the space data online browsing data is long, and the user experience is poor: the complexity of spatial data causes a performance bottleneck in spatial data network distribution, the performance bottleneck is more prominent along with the increase of spatial data quantity and the increase of spatial data types, a spatial data visualization process comprises spatial data retrieval, spatial data acquisition and spatial data drawing to generate images, the three steps are time-consuming, particularly for some open source map servers, the map request is resampled according to a BOX and related parameters every time, and a raster image or vector image is generated and returned to a user. If a picture is generated every time a user requests data, the response speed is influenced. Due to the fact that the whole visualization process is long in time, the interaction experience of a user at a client side is poor, and a map issued based on the OGC protocol is generally prefabricated, so that the flexibility of map issuing is reduced.
With the continuous accumulation of the amount of spatial data and the increasing complexity of the spatial data structure, the traditional spatial data publishing mode is difficult to meet the actual application requirements, and new requirements are provided for the dynamic publishing strategy of multi-source spatial data. In the face of the problems existing in the spatial data distribution mode, people hope that the network map distribution based on the OGC protocol has universality, dynamic property and openness. How to meet the requirement of dynamic publishing of multi-source spatial data in the aspects of visualization performance and the like is a problem which needs to be solved urgently, and a method for dynamically customizing a spatial data thematic map based on Web is needed to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the related art, the invention provides a dynamic customization method of a spatial data thematic map based on Web, which is used for solving the problems that a multi-source spatial data publishing mode is not intelligent and open enough, the online browsing data processing time is long, and the map publishing lacks flexibility.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a dynamic customization method of a spatial data thematic map based on Web comprises the following steps:
s1, dynamically generating a map description file: analyzing objects required by the map description file from the spatial data, and generating the map description file according to data specified by a user;
s2, customizing the thematic map according to the requirement: customizing an online modified map description file through a server, and publishing a new map by a map server;
s3, dynamic and static caching: adopting a caching and tile pre-generation technology to draw spatial data in advance to generate an image file, and storing the image file in a file system or a database according to a certain organization form;
s4, dynamic publishing of spatial data: and dynamically publishing the spatial data arbitrarily specified by the user.
Further, the step S1 further includes:
s1.1, acquiring spatial data specified by a user, and analyzing an object required by a map description file from the spatial data;
s1.2, acquiring PROJECTION information of the space data, converting the PROJECTION information into EPSGcode, and constructing a PROJECTION object;
s1.3, obtaining a space range, constructing a range object, and constructing a coating object according to a space data path;
and S1.4, analyzing the object, and generating a bottom coating description file of a WMS protocol or a bottom coating description file of a WFS protocol.
Further, in step S1.2, the projection information is converted into an EPSGCode by WKT or Proj 4.
Further, the conversion of the character string of the Proj4 into the EPSGcode comprises the following steps:
s1.2.1, splitting a proj4 character string into a form of + label = value to form a substring array;
s1.2.2, reading the epsg files line by line, and respectively matching each line with the substrings;
s1.2.3, judging whether the substring is matched with the row according to the defined key label;
s1.2.4, if the content of the row is completely matched with the substring array, returning the epsgcode of the row;
s1.2.5, if there is not a perfect match, the loop continues to see if there are more matching rows.
Further, the step S2 further includes:
s2.1, selecting existing spatial data by a client;
s2.2, the client side obtains the spatial data attribute information from the map server;
s2.3, customizing a map style by the client and constructing a style object;
s2.4, the scheduling manager regenerates a new thematic map according to the style object;
s2.5, generating a new thematic map by the map server;
and S2.6, the client acquires the map from the map server again, and draws and displays the map.
Further, in step S2.1, the client acquires the existing spatial data through the WFS protocol interface.
Further, the step S3 further includes:
s3.1, after a user initiates a request by a browser, a Web server firstly acquires an instruction and then forwards the instruction to a map cache middleware;
s3.2, the map cache searches whether the map tiles exist in the cache directory according to the zoom ratio in the request;
s3.3, if the map tiles exist in the map cache, the map tiles are subjected to tile splicing and map rendering and then returned to the Web server;
s3.4, if the map cache does not have map tiles, the request forwarding map is issued to the WMS server to carry out interaction to obtain a map image;
and S3.5, finally, presenting the image to the user by the browser.
Further, in step S3.1, the map cache performs block processing on the requested data, and stores the data in a designated cache directory in a tile form, so as to generate a tile-based WebGIS effect.
Further, in step S3.3, the returned map data is forwarded to the Web server after being subjected to supplementary cache by the map cache.
Further, the step S4 further includes:
s4.1, selecting server data by a user through client software, and customizing the working space of the user;
s4.2, the client calls a Web Service interface according to the user selection data, and a map description file is generated at the server;
s4.3, the client generates a URL of the WMS protocol according to the selection of the user, and requests data from the map buffer;
s4.4, if the data exists in the cache of the map buffer, directly returning; otherwise, requesting data from the map server;
and S4.5, drawing the requested content to a map window by the client.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method has the advantages that a dynamic spatial data publishing strategy is provided, technologies such as map on-demand generation and dynamic and static caching based on an OGC protocol are realized, the problems that a multi-source spatial data publishing mode is not intelligent, flexible and open enough, the on-line browsing time of spatial data is long, and the user experience is poor are further solved, the requirement that a user does not have a professional background to define a map style by himself is met, the user can browse spatial data appointed by the user at will, the dynamic, on-demand and efficient publishing of a network special map is realized, and the browsing efficiency of the spatial data is improved at a visual level.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of dynamic publishing of spatial data according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of dynamic generation of a map description file according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a process of customizing a spatial data thematic map on demand according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of a map buffer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for dynamically customizing a spatial data thematic map based on a Web includes the following steps:
s1, dynamically generating a map description file: analyzing objects required by the map description file from the spatial data, and generating the map description file according to data specified by a user;
s2, customizing the thematic map according to the requirement: customizing an online modified map description file through a server, and publishing a new map by a map server;
s3, dynamic and static caching: adopting a caching and tile pre-generation technology to draw spatial data in advance to generate an image file, and storing the image file in a file system or a database according to a certain organization form;
s4, dynamic publishing of spatial data: and dynamically publishing the spatial data arbitrarily specified by the user.
As shown in fig. 2, step S1 further includes:
s1.1, acquiring spatial data specified by a user, and analyzing an object required by a map description file from the spatial data;
s1.2, acquiring PROJECTION information of the spatial data, converting the PROJECTION information into EPSGcode, constructing a PROJECTION object, and converting the PROJECTION information into the EPSGcode in a WKT or Proj4 mode;
s1.3, obtaining a space range, constructing a range object, and constructing a coating object according to a space data path;
and S1.4, analyzing the object, and generating a bottom coating description file of a WMS protocol or a bottom coating description file of a WFS protocol.
The basis for the map server to distribute the spatial data is to generate a map description file according to user-specified data. The PROJECTION object in the map description file has two expression modes, one is EPSGcode coding, and the other is a proj4 character string. However, since the client needs to identify the projection by the EPSGCode, the projection information needs to be represented by the EPSGCode in the map description file.
Among them, standardized expressions for projection parameters including a projection coordinate system, a reference plane parameter, and the like are generally in the form of WKT, Proj4, EPSGcode, and the like. WKT (Well-known Text) provides a standard expression and description mode by OGC projection parameters; proj4 is then the largest open source projection library, which expresses the coordinate system in "+ label = value" form; the epsg (european Petroleum surface group) represents information such as a specific ellipsoid, unit, geographical coordinate system or projection coordinate system. The invention uses fuzzy matching method to convert the Proj4 character string into EPSGcode from the epsg file in the Proj4 library, the epsg is stored in ASCII mode, each line in the epsg file records an EPSGcode represented by the Proj4 character string, the content of the epsg is as follows:
specifically, the process of converting the Proj4 character string into the EPSGCode is as follows:
s1.2.1, splitting a proj4 character string into a form of + label = value to form a substring array;
s1.2.2, reading the epsg files line by line, and respectively matching each line with the substrings;
s1.2.3, judging whether the substring is matched with the row according to the defined key label;
s1.2.4, if the content of the row is completely matched with the substring array, returning the epsgcode of the row;
s1.2.5, if there is not a perfect match, the loop continues to see if there are more matching rows.
As shown in fig. 3, the client customizes the thematic map, modifies the map description file on line through the scheduling manager, and the map server publishes a new map. The conventional online map, map style and thematic map style cannot be changed once set. But the user needs are various, and different thematic maps need to be drawn by different thematic applications. Therefore, the invention researches the customized strategy of the thematic map-server customization, i.e. the map description file is modified on line, and a new map is issued by the map server, and the step S2 further comprises:
s2.1, the client acquires attribute information of the spatial data through a WFS protocol interface GetCapabilities and DescribeFeatureType, and determines a thematic map drawing mode;
s2.2, the client side constructs a thematic object, and the CLASS and STYLE sub-objects of the LAYER object in the map description file are updated through a Webserver interface;
and S2.3, the client acquires the map object again and browses a new thematic map.
The style of the thematic map description file generated in the invention is shown as follows, which shows that the map is rendered according to the area size.
As shown in fig. 4, in order to avoid frequent reading of spatial data by a map server, the invention adopts a caching and tile pre-generation technology, that is, before spatial data is released over a network, the spatial data is drawn in advance to generate an image file, and the image file is stored in a file system or a database according to a certain organization form, so that the spatial data is retrieved, extracted and drawn in advance before being released, after the spatial data is released over the network, a client only needs to retrieve and read the generated image file when requesting the spatial data, and the time consumption problem in the visualization process is avoided.
The map buffer is arranged between the client and the server, can support various protocols and standards of OGC, carries out layered and block processing on the requested data, and stores the data in a specified directory in a tile form to generate a tile type WebGIS effect. The map buffer may pre-cache some map tiles, and only when the requested map is not in the cache directory, the map buffer interacts with the map publishing software to obtain the map image, and the specific process of the map buffer in step S3 is as follows:
when a user initiates a request by a browser, a Web server firstly obtains an instruction and then forwards the instruction to map cache middleware, a map cache searches whether a map tile exists in a cache directory according to the zoom ratio in the request, and if the map tile exists, the map cache directly returns the map tile to the Web server. Otherwise, the request forwarding map publishing server performs data acquisition, data processing and other work, the returned map data needs to be supplemented and cached by the map cache and then forwarded to the Web server, and finally the browser presents the image to the user.
The static caching mechanism of the invention is to manually pre-generate map tiles by utilizing a map cache tile generation command aiming at the hot spot map in the existing data and store the map tiles in the appointed caching directory. When a client requests a map, the server intercepts the request, can search the map tile under the cache directory, immediately carries out tile splicing and map rendering, and finally returns the result to the client.
The map buffer establishes the buffer in layers and blocks, and the module has the characteristics that the number of the blocks can be configured to accelerate the image rendering speed; updating the old tiles within a certain time range; blocking of multiple source data is supported.
The dynamic caching mechanism of the invention is completed by the map cache, and the pictures requested by the user each time are stored in the tile directory. When requested for the second time, the tile is returned directly.
In step S4, the dynamic spatial data publishing policy implements dynamic spatial data publishing, i.e. dynamically publishing spatial data arbitrarily specified by the user, based on steps S1, S2 and S3. The main process comprises the following steps:
s4.1, selecting server data by a user through client software, and customizing the working space of the user;
s4.2, the client calls a Web Service interface according to the user selection data, and a map description file is generated at the server;
s4.3, the client generates a URL of the WMS protocol according to the selection of the user, and requests data from the map buffer;
s4.4, if the data exists in the cache of the map buffer, directly returning; otherwise, requesting data from the map server;
and S4.5, drawing the requested content to a map window by the client.
In the early stage of map release, a client calls a Web Service interface to generate a map description file, and then the map description file is directly and interactively completed by the client, a map buffer and a map server; the dynamic customization method of the spatial data thematic map based on the Web realizes the technologies of map generation on demand, dynamic and static caching and the like based on the OGC protocol, and realizes the dynamic release of the spatial data at a visual level.
In summary, the invention is directed to the problems that the spatial data network publishing mode is not intelligent and open enough, the processing time of the spatial data online browsing data is long, the user experience is poor, and the like, on the basis of analyzing the spatial data publishing mode and the existing problems, a map server is taken as the main part, a scheduling manager in a GIS platform is combined, and the dynamic generating mechanism of the map description file is researched by utilizing the map description file dynamic generating technology, the map cache dynamic and static caching technology, the thematic map on-demand customization strategy and other related key technologies, so that the network map publishing based on the OGC protocol has universality, dynamic and openness. For the hot spot map, static and dynamic tile division technology and server cache technology of the spatial data are realized, so that the visualization performance of the server is improved, a user who does not have a professional background can define the map style by himself or browse the spatial data arbitrarily designated by the user, the dynamic, on-demand and efficient publishing of the network thematic map is realized, and the browsing efficiency of the spatial data and the dynamic publishing of the spatial data are improved at a visualization level.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (4)
1. A dynamic customization method of a spatial data thematic map based on Web is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, dynamically generating a map description file: analyzing objects required by the map description file from the spatial data, and generating the map description file according to data specified by a user;
s2, customizing the thematic map according to the requirement: customizing an online modified map description file through a server, and publishing a new map by a map server;
s3, dynamic and static caching: adopting a caching and tile pre-generation technology to draw spatial data in advance to generate an image file, and storing the image file in a file system or a database according to a certain organization form;
s4, dynamic publishing of spatial data: dynamically releasing the spatial data arbitrarily designated by the user;
step S1 further includes:
s1.1, acquiring spatial data specified by a user, and analyzing an object required by a map description file from the spatial data;
s1.2, acquiring PROJECTION information of the space data, converting the PROJECTION information into EPSGcode, and constructing a PROJECTION object;
s1.3, obtaining a space range, constructing a range object, and constructing a coating object according to a space data path;
s1.4, analyzing the object, and generating a bottom coating description file of a WMS protocol or a bottom coating description file of a WFS protocol;
in step S1.2, the projection information is converted into EPSGcode by a Proj4 mode;
the method for converting the Proj4 character string into the EPSGcode comprises the following steps:
s1.2.1, splitting a Proj4 character string into a form of + label = value to form a substring array;
s1.2.2, reading the epsg files line by line, and respectively matching each line with the substrings;
s1.2.3, judging whether the substring is matched with the row according to the defined key label;
s1.2.4, if the content of the row is completely matched with the substring array, returning the EPSGcode of the row;
s1.2.5, if not completely matching, continuing the loop to see if there is a more matched row;
step S2 further includes:
s2.1, selecting existing spatial data by a client;
s2.2, the client side obtains the spatial data attribute information from the map server;
s2.3, customizing a map style by the client and constructing a style object;
s2.4, the scheduling manager regenerates a new thematic map according to the style object;
s2.5, generating a new thematic map by the map server;
s2.6, the client acquires the map from the map server again, and draws and displays the map;
in step S2.1, the client acquires the existing spatial data through a WFS protocol interface;
step S3 further includes:
s3.1, after a user initiates a request by a browser, a Web server firstly acquires an instruction and then forwards the instruction to a map cache middleware;
s3.2, the map cache searches whether the map tiles exist in the cache directory according to the zoom ratio in the request;
s3.3, if the map tiles exist in the map cache, the map tiles are subjected to tile splicing and map rendering and then returned to the Web server;
s3.4, if the map cache does not have map tiles, the request forwarding map is issued to the WMS server to carry out interaction to obtain a map image;
and S3.5, finally, presenting the image to the user by the browser.
2. The Web-based dynamic customization method for spatial data thematic map according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S3.1, the map cache performs block processing on the requested data, and stores the data in a tile format in a designated cache directory, thereby generating a tile-based WebGIS effect.
3. The Web-based dynamic customization method for spatial data thematic map according to claim 2, characterized in that: in step S3.3, the returned map data is forwarded to the Web server after being subjected to supplementary caching by the map cache.
4. The Web-based dynamic customization method for spatial data thematic map according to claim 3, characterized in that: step S4 further includes:
s4.1, selecting server data by a user through client software, and customizing the working space of the user;
s4.2, the client calls a Web Service interface according to the user selection data, and a map description file is generated at the server;
s4.3, the client generates a URL of the WMS protocol according to the selection of the user, and requests data from the map buffer;
s4.4, if the data exists in the cache of the map buffer, directly returning; otherwise, requesting data from the map server;
and S4.5, drawing the requested content to a map window by the client.
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| CN112070775B (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-11-09 | 成都星时代宇航科技有限公司 | Remote sensing image optimization processing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN112560132B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-11-04 | 山东鲁能软件技术有限公司 | Thematic map automatic mapping system, method and device based on automatic mapping algorithm |
| CN114048280B (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-04-29 | 成都国星宇航科技有限公司 | Vector slice processing method, device, server and storage medium |
| CN116578584B (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2023-09-15 | 北京地林伟业科技股份有限公司 | Method and system for publishing billion-level element thematic map on large scale |
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