CN106680816B - A kind of quick super-resolution radar imaging method based on rear Stochastic Modulation - Google Patents
A kind of quick super-resolution radar imaging method based on rear Stochastic Modulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106680816B CN106680816B CN201611163159.0A CN201611163159A CN106680816B CN 106680816 B CN106680816 B CN 106680816B CN 201611163159 A CN201611163159 A CN 201611163159A CN 106680816 B CN106680816 B CN 106680816B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
- G01S7/415—Identification of targets based on measurements of movement associated with the target
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
- G01S7/418—Theoretical aspects
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of quick super-resolution radar imaging methods based on rear Stochastic Modulation, include: step 11: coherent detection being carried out to target using broadband signal, it is received using radar battle array, and the method by matching with transmitting signal promotes the signal-to-noise ratio for receiving data；Step 12: determine approximate size and the position of target, Stochastic Modulation after being carried out according to the size and location of target to the reception gain spatial distribution for receiving radar battle array, and rear Stochastic Modulation effect is optimized using optimization method；Step 13: the detection data after rear Stochastic Modulation being formed into system of linear equations, using Optimization Method system of linear equations and obtains the super-resolution imaging result of target.Quick super-resolution radar imagery can be carried out to target under Low SNR by the invention, imaging resolution can break through the limitation of diffraction limit.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to radar imagery field, in particular to it is a kind of based on the quick super-resolution radar of rear Stochastic Modulation at
Image space method.
[background technique]
Existing radar imaging method is all first emission detection signal, then receives the scatter echo of target, passes through radar
The radiation characteristic of emission array or receiving array or frequency variation or random using space-time bidimensional based on target echo
The scattering coefficient distribution of target is reconstructed in coherence between radiation signal and target echo signal.Radar imaging system
In, transmitting signal is known as priori knowledge.
Existing radar imaging method is broadly divided into two classes, and one kind is coherent radar imaging method, and this method emits and connects
Receipts be it is relevant, pass through the relative motion between integrated use transmitting and the radiation characteristic and target and radar of receiving array
The scattering coefficient distribution of target is reconstructed.Due to detection process be it is relevant, coding, accumulation and diversity etc. can be passed through
Method improves detectable signal quality.The imaging resolution of such method can not break through limitation (the real aperture of radar bore
Or synthesis bore).Another kind of is incoherent radar imaging, and this method transmitting space-time bidimensional random signal shines target
It penetrates, target scattering echo is received with single base radar (or Coherence Mode radar receiving array), is believed using random radiation
Target scattering coefficient distribution is reconstructed in coherence number between echo-signal.This method uses non-coherent detection process,
Therefore super-resolution radar imagery may be implemented, but the quality that additional gain promotes detectable signal can not be efficiently used.
In the implementation of the present invention, the existing technology has at least the following problems for discovery:
Above two imaging method, coherent radar imaging method can not break through radar bore to the limit of radar imagery resolution ratio
System needs accurate control to relative motion during using relative motion between radar and target.Incoherent radar at
Image space rule can not effectively promote the quality of detection data, to cannot achieve remote, the super-resolution under Low SNR
Rate radar imagery.In addition, image taking speed is also incoherent radar imaging problem to be solved.
[summary of the invention]
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of quick super-resolution radar imaging methods based on rear Stochastic Modulation, by this
Invention can carry out quick super-resolution radar imagery to target under Low SNR, and imaging resolution can break through diffraction
The limitation of the limit.
Object of the present invention is to what is be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of quick super-resolution radar imaging method based on rear Stochastic Modulation, comprising the following steps:
Step 11: coherent detection is carried out to target using broadband signal, is received using radar battle array, it is each in radar battle array
The data of receiving unit individually store and the method by matching with transmitting signal promotes the signal-to-noise ratio for receiving data；
Step 12: determining approximate size and the position of target, connect according to the size and location of target to radar battle array is received
Stochastic Modulation after gain space distribution carries out is received, and rear Stochastic Modulation effect is optimized using optimization method；
Step 13: the detection data after rear Stochastic Modulation is formed into system of linear equations, it is linearly square using Optimization Method
Journey group and the super-resolution imaging result for obtaining target.
In step 11, broadband signal used is continuously distributed in frequency domain or zonal cooling distribution, and detectable signal is to adjust
Signal or pulse signal processed.
In step 12, target sizes are estimated by target in orientation projection；Target range by with broadband signal
It encodes corresponding decoding process and carries out time delay estimation, then converse distance.
In step 12, Stochastic Modulation after being carried out to the reception gain spatial distribution for receiving radar battle array, the way of rear Stochastic Modulation
Diameter first is that docking receive radar battle array receiving phase be randomized, optimized by (1) formula:
θQ=arg minθ<F(p,θ)F(p,θq)>|Q=1,2 ..., Q-1 (1)
Wherein, θ=[θ1,θ2,…,θM] it is the receiving phase vector for receiving radar battle array, F (p, θq) it is the q times Stochastic Modulation
As a result, Q is modulation number, M is to receive a burst of first quantity of radar.
In step 13, for single receiving unit, broadband detectable signal used is modulated after being carried out using entirety, or
Frequency domain segmentation is carried out using to detectable signal, is modulated after being carried out respectively in each frequency range divided.
In step 13, rear Stochastic Modulation first produces multiple quadratic nonlinearity reconstruct data, then quadratic nonlinearity is reconstructed
The linear equation group of data group；Quadratic nonlinearity reconstruct data are expressed as shown in (2) formula with matrix:
Wherein SRFor test data matrix, F (Tq,pi) it is TqStochastic Modulation is in p after suboptimumiReception on position increases
Benefit, σ are target scattering coefficient distribution, and n is noise vector.
In step 13, the signal-to-noise ratio of data used is carried out by the coding gain or coherent gain of detectable signal in equation group
Improve；The derivation algorithm of equation group carries out preferred according to the priori knowledge of target.
Compared with the existing technology, the invention has the following advantages that
Compared with the conventional method, it is of the invention be unique in that coherent detection data are carried out using rear Stochastic Modulation it is non-
Linear characterization, increases the characterization dimension of detectable signal, to enhance the spatial resolution of detection system.Specifically, in the present invention,
To in the detection process of target, receiving array is in independent Coherence Mode, to ensure that additional gain to reception array element
The promotion of received signal quality；On the basis of coherent detection, the signal for enhancing target by the method for rear Stochastic Modulation is special
Sign, to realize super-resolution imaging.Therefore, which can carry out quick super-resolution to target under Low SNR
Radar imagery, imaging resolution can break through the limitation of diffraction limit；It is may be implemented at a distance, under Low SNR simultaneously
Moving-target super-resolution radar imagery.
[Detailed description of the invention]
The quick super-resolution radar imaging method process based on rear Stochastic Modulation of embodiment cited by Fig. 1 present invention
Figure；
The quick super-resolution radar imaging method application scenarios schematic diagram of Fig. 2 example of the present invention；
Fig. 3 be the embodiment of the present invention after modulate after receive array pattern correlation results；
Fig. 4 is for the embodiment of the present invention to the imaging results of moving target under the conditions of 0dB signal-to-noise ratio.
[specific embodiment]
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, required use in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for this
For the those of ordinary skill in field, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other
Attached drawing.
A kind of quick super-resolution radar imaging method based on rear Stochastic Modulation of the present invention, comprising:
Based on the radar-probing system comprising receiving array (including at least more than two array element), using broadband signal to mesh
Mark carries out coherent detection, and the reception data sheet of each radar receiving unit, which is stayed alone, manages storage.Encoding characteristics according to broadband signal
The quality of data is improved by the method for signal processing.
Target position and size are carried out according to a preliminary estimate, by rear Stochastic Modulation to the reception gain space point of receiving array
Cloth optimizes at target, and target is that non-linear between multiple Stochastic Modulation effect reaches best.
Using high quality detection data, Stochastic Modulation matrix equation is established according to rear Stochastic Modulation.
The super-resolution radar imagery result of target is obtained using Optimization Method Stochastic Modulation matrix equation.
Detection system is configured according to the demand to target acquisition precision, signal can be completed by rear Stochastic Modulation
The efficient utilization of bandwidth and radar Receiver aperture, and super-resolution imaging can be realized under low signal-to-noise ratio.
It is as shown in Figure 1 the quick super-resolution radar imagery side based on rear Stochastic Modulation provided by the embodiment of the present invention
The flow chart of method, the method specifically include:
Step 11: coherent detection being carried out to target using broadband signal, is received using radar battle array, each receiving unit
Data individually store and by being promoted with the method that matches of transmitting signal to the signal-to-noise ratio for receiving data；
Target coherent detection is completed first, and the hair that Coherence Mode is either in by single base radar is irradiated to the active of target
Radar array completion is penetrated, emitted signal is wideband coded signal；Broadband detectable signal used be in frequency domain it is continuously distributed or
The distribution of person's zonal cooling, the coding mode of broadband signal occupies form according to the frequency band of detectable signal and is designed accordingly.
The signal-to-noise ratio for receiving data can be promoted by the method for signal processing by receiving signal.
Receiving end receives target echo signal using radar array, receives signal according to the modulation methods of transmitting signal
Method takes corresponding method to improve signal-to-noise ratio.
In this step, broadband signal can real modulated signal or pulse signal.In the case where modulating broadband signal, broadband letter
Number modulation system target be can receiving end be improved by way of signal processing receive data signal-to-noise ratio, modulation methods
Formula includes but is not limited to piecewise linearity frequency modulation, random amplitude modulation, random phase modulation, random frequency modulation, random frequency hopping etc..It is single for emitting radar
Base radar or radar battle array (being in coherent operation mode), receive radar and are necessary for radar battle array, array number is no less than two.
The mode that receiving end can take and emit signal to match is received, for example piecewise linearity FM signal is corresponding
Reception mode be piecewise linearity frequency modulation matched filter receive, the accumulative effect of signal can be improved to greatest extent, simultaneously
It can inhibit the power of noise signal to greatest extent.
The each array element for receiving radar battle array receives data and needs individually to save.The quality of detectable signal can also be by multiple
The mode of measurement is further promoted.
The completion of the same radar array or the system separated with two can be used in transmitting and reception.
Step 12: determining approximate size and the position of target, connect according to the size and location of target to radar battle array is received
Stochastic Modulation after gain space distribution carries out is received, and rear Stochastic Modulation effect is optimized using optimization method；
In this step, the size and location of target can be obtained by traditional mode, be increased to receiving radar battle array and receiving
The rear Stochastic Modulation effect of beneficial spatial distribution can optimize.
Stochastic Modulation effect can be in optimized selection by target priori knowledge afterwards.Stochastic Modulation after can making every time
Non-linear be optimal state.
The estimation of target sizes can be estimated that estimated accuracy depends on detectable signal in orientation projection by target
With the bore for receiving radar array.Target Distance Estimation is to be estimated by time delay and then converse distance, and estimated accuracy mainly takes
The band width certainly crossed in detectable signal.Target range can by reception mode corresponding with wideband signal coding into
Row estimation, the precision of Target Distance Estimation depend on the whole span of detectable signal.The whole span of detectable signal connects in segmentation
The true occupied bandwidth of detectable signal can be greater than under continuous configuring condition, i.e., the band width that detectable signal is crossed over can be than signal reality
The frequency range that border occupies is big.
One of the method for Stochastic Modulation is exactly to reception radar after carrying out to the reception gain spatial distribution for receiving radar battle array
The receiving phase of battle array is randomized.Carrying out randomization effect to the receiving phase for receiving radar battle array can be carried out by (1) formula
Optimization:
θQ=arg minθ<F(p,θ)F(p,θq)>|Q=1,2 ..., Q-1 (1)
Wherein θ=[θ1,θ2,…,θM] it is the receiving phase vector for receiving radar battle array, F (p, θq) it is the q times Stochastic Modulation
As a result, Q is modulation number, M is to receive a burst of first quantity of radar.
Step 13: the detection data after rear Stochastic Modulation is formed into system of linear equations, it is linearly square using Optimization Method
Journey group and the super-resolution imaging result for obtaining target；
For single receiving unit, broadband detectable signal used is modulated after can integrally carrying out；It simultaneously can also be right
Detectable signal carries out frequency domain segmentation, modulates after carrying out respectively in each frequency range divided, is to the rear modulation for receiving signal
It is nonlinear.
Different application demands is coped with respectively to modulating after modulating and being segmented after the entirety of detectable signal, for example is adjusted after entirety
System can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio of detection data, and after being segmented modulation can increase system of linear equations solve dimension.Therefore,
This method can be effective against white noise and coloured noise.
In the step, rear Stochastic Modulation produces multiple quadratic nonlinearity reconstruct, and quadratic nonlinearity reconstructs data can group
Linear equation group can solve Nonlinear System of Equations using optimization algorithm, to obtain high-resolution radar imaging
As a result.
Nonlinear measurement result can be expressed as shown in (2) formula with matrix,
Wherein SRFor test data matrix, F (Tq,pi) it is TqStochastic Modulation is in p after suboptimumiReception on position increases
Benefit, σ are target scattering coefficient distribution, and n is noise vector.
(2) formula can be solved by optimization method, and when target zone determines, (2) formula is the excellent of a belt restraining
Change problem, when imaging region is by limited time, imaging effect can be improved.
The signal-to-noise ratio of the super-resolution multiple of this imaging method and composition system of linear equations data, receive radar bore and
Used equation solution method is related.The signal-to-noise ratio of data used can pass through in equation group is increased using the coding of detectable signal
Benefit, coherent gain etc. are improved；The derivation algorithm of equation group can carry out preferred according to the priori knowledge of target.
The imaging point in the case of passive detection equally can be improved in the case where only considering target angle distribution in this method
Resolution.This imaging mode is insensitive to the kinetic characteristic of target, and single exposure super-resolution imaging may be implemented.
In the specific implementation, carrying out experimental verification according to the actual distribution characteristic of target, verification step is according to step shown in FIG. 1
It is rapid to carry out.Below with reference to specific application scenarios, the principle of the present invention is described in detail by the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment
Based on the quick super-resolution radar imaging method application scenarios of rear Stochastic Modulation as shown in Fig. 2, used be emitted as
Single base radar, the array number for receiving radar battle array is 11 array elements, and linear array, target range is about 1000 meters, emits signal center
Frequency is 10GHz, and signal configured bandwidth is fixed as 1GHz, and detection target is with small drone (carrying corner reflector)；Target
100 meter per second of speed；Detection data signal-to-noise ratio is 0dB.
Afterwards modulate after receive array pattern relevance optimization result as shown in figure 3, with optimization number increase,
Correlation can increase by a small margin；Realized under the target property that listed embodiment is verified surpass ten times of radar imageries as a result,
As shown in figure 4, its imaging effect is close to perfect condition.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Within the technical scope of the present disclosure, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by anyone skilled in the art,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the protection model of claims
Subject to enclosing.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of quick super-resolution radar imaging method based on rear Stochastic Modulation, which comprises the following steps:
Step 11: coherent detection being carried out to target using broadband signal, is received using radar battle array, each reception in radar battle array
The data of unit individually store and the method by matching with transmitting signal promotes the signal-to-noise ratio for receiving data；
Step 12: determining approximate size and the position of target, the reception for receiving radar battle array is increased according to the size and location of target
Stochastic Modulation after beneficial spatial distribution carries out, and rear Stochastic Modulation effect is optimized using optimization method；
In step 12, Stochastic Modulation after being carried out to the reception gain spatial distribution for receiving radar battle array, the approach of rear Stochastic Modulation it
First is that being randomized to the receiving phase for receiving radar battle array, optimized by (1) formula:
θQ=argminθ<F(p,θ)F(p,θq)>|Q=1,2 ..., Q-1 (1)
Wherein, θ=[θ1,θ2,…,θM] it is the receiving phase vector for receiving radar battle array, F (p, θq) be the q times Stochastic Modulation knot
Fruit, Q are modulation number, and M is to receive a burst of first quantity of radar；
Step 13: the detection data after rear Stochastic Modulation being formed into system of linear equations, using Optimization Method system of linear equations
And obtain the super-resolution imaging result of target；
In step 13, rear Stochastic Modulation first produces multiple quadratic nonlinearity reconstruct data, then quadratic nonlinearity is reconstructed data
Form system of linear equations；Quadratic nonlinearity reconstruct data are expressed as shown in (2) formula with matrix:
Wherein SRFor test data matrix, F (Tq,pi) it is TqStochastic Modulation is in p after suboptimumiReception gain on position, σ are
Target scattering coefficient distribution, n is noise vector.
2. as described in claim 1 based on the quick super-resolution radar imaging method of rear Stochastic Modulation, which is characterized in that step
In 11, broadband signal used is that continuously distributed perhaps zonal cooling distribution detectable signal is modulated signal or arteries and veins in frequency domain
Rush signal.
3. as described in claim 1 based on the quick super-resolution radar imaging method of rear Stochastic Modulation, which is characterized in that step
In 12, target sizes are estimated by target in orientation projection；Target range passes through corresponding with wideband signal coding
Decoding process carries out time delay estimation, then converses distance.
4. as described in claim 1 based on the quick super-resolution radar imaging method of rear Stochastic Modulation, which is characterized in that step
In 13, for single receiving unit, broadband detectable signal used is modulated after being carried out using entirety, or is believed using to detection
Number carry out frequency domain segmentation, in each frequency range divided respectively carry out after modulate.
5. as described in claim 1 based on the quick super-resolution radar imaging method of rear Stochastic Modulation, which is characterized in that step
In 13, the signal-to-noise ratio of data used is improved by the coding gain or coherent gain of detectable signal in equation group；Equation group
Derivation algorithm carried out according to the priori knowledge of target it is preferred.
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| CN103048648A (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2013-04-17 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Ambiguity inhibiting method of imaging radar bearing based on lq |
| CN103064082A (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2013-04-24 | 合肥工业大学 | Microwave imaging method based on direction dimension random power modulation |
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