CN106679493A - Water distribution method capable of increasing heat exchange efficiency of cooling tower in two-unit one-tower combination - Google Patents

Water distribution method capable of increasing heat exchange efficiency of cooling tower in two-unit one-tower combination Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106679493A
CN106679493A CN201710002532.2A CN201710002532A CN106679493A CN 106679493 A CN106679493 A CN 106679493A CN 201710002532 A CN201710002532 A CN 201710002532A CN 106679493 A CN106679493 A CN 106679493A
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cooling tower
tower
water distribution
operational factor
cooling
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CN201710002532.2A
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CN106679493B (en
Inventor
张佳佳
张才稳
万庆海
党小东
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Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F25/00Component parts of trickle coolers
    • F28F25/02Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a water distribution method capable of increasing the heat exchange efficiency of a cooling tower in a two-unit one-tower combination. The water distribution method comprises the following steps: S1) opening an internally-peripheral water distribution area and an externally-peripheral water distribution area in the cooling tower; S2) arranging a plurality of rings of branches on a pipeline of the internally-peripheral water distribution area, additionally installing valves on the branches and grouping the valves; S3) closing all the valves and starting a unit, and detecting to obtain the parameters of the cooling tower under the closing condition of the valves; S4) sequentially opening each group of the valves in a direction from the outer ring of the internally-peripheral water distribution area to the inner ring; and S5) treating the parameters of the cooling tower, which are obtained in the steps S3 and S4, to obtain the corresponding opening group number of the valves in the case of the optimal efficiency of the cooling tower. The water distribution method disclosed by the invention is capable of rapidly detecting and adjusting at different environment temperatures and under different number conditions of water pumps, and adjusting to the optimal water distribution range in the case that only a single unit is started.

Description

A kind of decreasing water distribution method for improving cooling tower heat exchange efficiency in the tower of two machine one
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cooling tower method of adjustment, particularly a kind of to improve cooling tower heat exchange efficiency in the tower of two machine one Decreasing water distribution method.
Background technology
Cooling tower is widely used in the cooling of power station steam turbine cold end recirculated water.Following from condenser Ring water is sprayed out by nozzle, cold successively in water distributing area, packing area and rain belt and the heat exchange for entering tower air generation heat and mass But condenser is returned afterwards, participates in the circulation of system.
The quality of cooling tower cooling performance directly affects the efficiency of unit.If the performance of cooling tower is bad or operation is unstable It is fixed, circulating cooling coolant-temperature gage will be caused to raise, and then cause the breaking of vacuum of condenser, under making the work efficiency of Steam Turbine Drop, causes the increase of gross coal consumption rate amount.Research shows that the unit for 300MW, outlet water temperature raises 1 DEG C, Steam Turbine efficiency 0.23% is reduced, coal consumption increases 0.798g/kWh.Therefore, study property of cooling tower and improve its heat exchange efficiency with very heavy The meaning wanted.
At present, the cold end in thermal power plant is mainly using the configuration mode of " tower of a machine one ".But for the power plant of part, receive The impact of landform or land area, using the configuration mode of " tower of two machine one ", i.e., two units share a cooling tower.It is existing In " tower of two machine one " cooling tower design when by dividing plate be divided into it is inside and outside enclose water distribution region, it is inside and outside when two machines run Enclose water distribution region and simultaneously participate in heat exchange, and during unit operation, merely with the outer peripheral areas of cooling tower, inside enclose region and be not involved in work Make.Therefore when unit operation, no matter how the quantity of circulating water of cooling tower changes, and its heat exchange area is constant, when two pumps operation Or during three pump operations, because the quantity of circulating water of cooling tower is different, the spray density of correspondence filler then occurs there is larger change Change, this will affect the heat and mass effect of air water.
Chinese patent bulletin CN204718433U discloses a kind of scalable annular water distribution Hyperbolic cooling tower, by setting Put control valve regulating pondage and feedwater area, it is ensured that unit area feedwater flow so that water distribution is more uniform, but the technology Suitable for " tower of a machine one ", the wherein effect of control valve is used for uniform water distribution and non-regulated water distribution scope to scheme, therefore Also need to consider how effectively to measure optimum water distribution scope in " tower of two machine one ", and in varying environment temperature difference water pump quantity etc. Optimum water distribution scope can be quick and precisely obtained under change condition to adjust water distribution scope.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of " tower of two machine one " can be in varying environment temperature and difference Under water pump quantity term quick detection and adjust only unit start when, adjust to the technical scheme of optimum water distribution scope.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that adopted of above-mentioned technical problem:
A kind of decreasing water distribution method for improving cooling tower heat exchange efficiency in the tower of two machine one, its step is:
S1) water distribution region and peripheral water distribution region are enclosed in open cooling tower;
S2) interior the enclosing is provided with multi-turn branch road on water distribution zone duct, installs valve additional on the branch road, opening with valve Controlling brancher heat exchange is closed, and the circle formed by branch road is grouped to valve, opens and closes simultaneously with group valve;
S3 all valves) are closed and a unit is opened, detection obtains the cooling tower parameter under valve shut-off condition;
S4) enclose overseas the circle to inner ring direction in water distributing area and open each group valve successively from interior, detection obtains different valve openings Cooling tower parameter under group said conditions;
S5) gained cooling tower parameter in process step S3 and S4, obtain efficiency of cooling tower it is optimum when corresponding valve opening Group number.
Further, the step S3 to S5 is as follows:
S3 operational factor) is detected and is recorded, all valves is closed and is opened a unit, detection obtains valve shut-off condition Under cooling tower parameter;
S4 operational factor) is detected and is recorded, the overseas circle to inner ring direction in water distributing area is enclosed and is opened each group valve successively from interior, examined Measure the cooling tower parameter under different valve opening group said conditions;
S5) S3 and S4 gained cooling tower parameters are sorted out according to operational factor, obtains cooling tower effect under identical operational factor Corresponding valve opening group number when rate is optimum;
The operational factor includes that cooling tower circulating pump quantity and ambient temperature are interval.
Further, also including step S6, step S6 is as follows:
S6) operational factor is detected, if operational factor is with to record operational factor corresponding, chooses cold in correspondingly operational factor But corresponding valve opening group number is used as the valve opening group number during operation when column efficiency is optimum;If operational factor is not recorded, enter Row step S3 to S5.
Preferably, the conventional total size of setting cooling tower circulating pump quantity and the interval conventional total size of ambient temperature;It is described Step S5 is as follows:
S5) repeat step S3 and S4, obtain the conventional total size of cooling tower circulating pump quantity and ambient temperature is interval conventional total All cooling tower circulating pump quantity and the interval corresponding S3 and S4 gained cooling tower parameter of ambient temperature under scope, according to operation ginseng It is several that S3 and S4 gained cooling tower parameters are sorted out, obtain corresponding valve opening during efficiency of cooling tower optimum under identical operational factor Group number.
Further, detection time at least 1h every time in step S3 and S4, every time detection gained cooling tower parameter is extremely It is few two groups;The cooling tower parameter that step S5 is processed is the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of step S3 and S4 gained cooling tower parameters.
Preferably, the cooling tower parameter includes air dry bulb and wet bulb temperature, enters tower water temperature t1, outlet water temperature t2With Go out tower pathogenic wind-warm, the optimum selecting step of the step S5 efficiency of cooling tower includes:
S51) by assuming at least three groups outlet water temperature t2Corresponding cooling number Ω is drawn, number Ω is according to following formula for cooling Calculate:
Ω:Cooling number;
Cw:The specific heat of water, kJ/kg DEG C;
Δt:Turnover tower water temperature difference, DEG C;
h”1、h”2、h”m:It is respectively saturated air enthalpy corresponding into tower water temperature, outlet water temperature and average temperature, kJ/kg;
h1、h2、hm:It is respectively into tower temperature, the corresponding enthalpy of exhaust gas temperature and the meansigma methodss of the two, kJ/kg;
S52) according to S51 gained t2Curve Ω=f (t are fitted with Ω2)
The thermal performance curve adopted when S53) according to cooling Deethanizer design or formula, by actual measurement gas-water ratio λtTry to achieve corresponding Ω ', the curve fitted in substituting into formula 2. is calculated calculating water temperature ta
S54) choose and calculate water temperature taWith enter tower water temperature t1Difference the maximum is optimum as efficiency of cooling tower.
The present invention compared with the existing technology has advantages below and effect:Water distribution region and peripheral water distribution are enclosed in by getting through Region and arrange valve make in enclose water distribution scope when unit operation is included in water distribution region;And by opening each group valve so as to fast Speed simultaneously obtains online the cooling tower parameter under all water distribution scopes;First enclose that water distributing area is overseas to be enclosed to inner ring side from off state to interior Water distribution scope in detection process is incrementally increased to each group valve is opened successively, coordinates the valve group quantity for rationally arranging to make detection During water temperature difference change it is excessive when can stop detection, so as to improve detection efficiency, and interior water distribution region of enclosing can match somebody with somebody with periphery Aqua region is close to arrange raising heat exchange efficiency.Full working scope situation in " tower of two machine one " is made by adding operational factor and parameter area Data detected, make the optimal water allocation scope obtained by the technical scheme adapt to all operating mode situations.It is right due to detecting Impact can be produced in the normal use of cooling tower and detect that the persistent period is longer, therefore for typical conditions parameter centralized detecting simultaneously Record for calling in the future.Detection parameter and the data obtained is set more to meet institute in the technical program by the adjustment of concrete calculation The optimal data of requirement.
Description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing The accompanying drawing to be used needed for having technology description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, may be used also To obtain other accompanying drawings according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of conventional water distribution scope.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of water distribution scope of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, following examples be explanation of the invention and The invention is not limited in following examples.
Embodiment 1:
Existing two units share a natural double-curve cooling column, and heat exchange area is 9250m2.As shown in figure 1, two Unit runs simultaneously when, water distribution region is enclosed in cooling tower and peripheral water distribution region all participates in heat exchange;It is cold when single unit runs But tower periphery water distribution region participates in heat exchange, inside encloses water distribution region and is not involved in heat exchange.Water distribution region is enclosed in now dismounting isolation to be not involved in The dividing plate of heat exchange, will enclose water distribution region water distribution 16 and encloses on arm and all install valve additional in cooling tower, often enclose branch road and install 4 valves additional Door, totally 64 valves, and the valve closed on branch road per 4 circles is divided into into one group totally 4 groups, wherein setting near peripheral water distributing area The valve group in domain is the 1st group, and is sequentially set to the 2nd group to the 4th group successively to center range.
Corresponding service condition is set up according to ambient temperature and water pump quantity, because ambient temperature it is low when, only need to put into periphery and change Hot area is just enough, thus service work condition test mainly for ambient temperature it is higher when, and have 2 to follow pump or 3 Follow situation during pump operation.The interval conventional total size of ambient temperature is set to 20 to 40 DEG C, and cooling tower circulating pump quantity is conventional total Scope is set to 2 to 3, and ambient temperature interval is interval for one per 5 DEG C, is always divided into 4 kinds of temperature ranges and 2 kinds of cooling tower circulating pumps Quantity, combination forms 8 kinds of service work conditions, and under 8 kinds of different service work conditions all valves are first shut off Door group is simultaneously opened unit operation and is detected first, subsequently opens the 1st group of valve, the 1st group and the 2nd group of valve, the 1st group, the 2nd group Each detected until opening all valve groups with the 3rd group of valve ..., every time the detection inspection time is 1h, relative by parameter The instrument answered gathered one group of data per 10 seconds, took the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of collection the data obtained as under different valve opening group numbers Air dry bulb and wet bulb temperature, enter tower water temperature t1, outlet water temperature t2With go out tower pathogenic wind-warm, complete 8 kinds of different service work conditions Under cooling tower parameter, currently once enter tower water temperature t in above-mentioned detection process1With outlet water temperature t2Absolute difference with it is next It is secondary enter tower water temperature t1With outlet water temperature t2Absolute difference less than be equal to -20% when, directly carry out next service condition detection, The 1st group of valve time difference value absolute value is such as opened for 10 DEG C, and it is 8 DEG C or low that the 1st group and the 2nd group valve of unlatching is absolute difference In 8 DEG C of detections then completed under the service condition.
After above-mentioned cooling tower parameter is obtained, sort out identical operational factor and pass through air dry bulb under same operational factor And wet bulb temperature, enter tower water temperature t1, outlet water temperature t2With go out the saturated air enthalpy h that tower pathogenic wind-warm obtains into tower water temperature "1, outlet water temperature Saturated air enthalpy h "2, the corresponding saturated air enthalpy h of average temperature "m, enter the enthalpy h of tower temperature1, exhaust gas temperature enthalpy h2It is gentle Enthalpy meansigma methodss h of temperaturemThe calculation is known in the art mode, will not be described here.By assuming three groups of outlet water temperature t2 Go out corresponding cooling number Ω, cooling number Ω is calculated according to following formula:
Ω:Cooling number;
Cw:The specific heat of water, kJ/kg DEG C;
Δt:Turnover tower water temperature difference, DEG C;
h”1、h”2、h”m:It is respectively saturated air enthalpy corresponding into tower water temperature, outlet water temperature and average temperature, kJ/kg;
h1、h2、hm:It is respectively into tower temperature, the corresponding enthalpy of exhaust gas temperature and the meansigma methodss of the two, kJ/kg;
According to gained t2Curve Ω=f (t are fitted with Ω2)
The thermal performance curve adopted during according to cooling Deethanizer design or formula, by actual measurement gas-water ratio λtCorresponding Ω ' is tried to achieve, The curve fitted in substituting into formula 2., is calculated calculating water temperature ta
Choose and calculate water temperature taWith enter tower water temperature t1Difference the maximum is optimum as efficiency of cooling tower under the operational factor.
Operational factor is detected when normal operation, if operational factor is with to record operational factor corresponding, selection is to meeting the tendency of Corresponding valve opening group number is used as the valve opening group number during operation when efficiency of cooling tower is optimum in line parameter;If operational factor Do not record, close all valves and open successively and detected again.
Furthermore, it is necessary to explanation, the specific embodiment described in this specification, is named the shape of its parts and components Title etc. can be with difference.The equivalent or simple change that all constructions according to described in inventional idea of the present invention, feature and principle are done, wraps Include in the protection domain of patent of the present invention.Those skilled in the art can be embodied as to described Example is made various modifications or supplements or substituted using similar mode, structure without departing from the present invention or surmounts this Scope as defined in the claims, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of decreasing water distribution method for improving cooling tower heat exchange efficiency in the tower of two machine one, its step is:
S1) water distribution region and peripheral water distribution region are enclosed in open cooling tower;
S2) interior the enclosing is provided with multi-turn branch road on water distribution zone duct, valve is installed additional on the branch road, with the keying control of valve Branch road processed exchanges heat, and the circle formed by branch road is grouped to valve, with group valve while opening and closing;
S3 all valves) are closed and a unit is opened, detection obtains the cooling tower parameter under valve shut-off condition;
S4) enclose overseas the circle to inner ring direction in water distributing area and open each group valve successively from interior, detection obtains different valve opening group numbers Under the conditions of cooling tower parameter;
S5) gained cooling tower parameter in process step S3 and S4, obtain efficiency of cooling tower it is optimum when corresponding valve opening group number.
2. it is according to claim 1 improve the tower of two machine one in cooling tower heat exchange efficiency decreasing water distribution method, it is characterised in that:Institute State step S3 to S5 as follows:
S3 operational factor) is detected and is recorded, all valves is closed and is opened a unit, detection is obtained under valve shut-off condition Cooling tower parameter;
S4 operational factor) is detected and is recorded, the overseas circle to inner ring direction in water distributing area is enclosed and is opened each group valve successively from interior, detected Cooling tower parameter under different valve opening group said conditions;
S5) S3 and S4 gained cooling tower parameters are sorted out according to operational factor, obtains under identical operational factor efficiency of cooling tower most Corresponding valve opening group number when excellent;
The operational factor includes that cooling tower circulating pump quantity and ambient temperature are interval.
3. it is according to claim 2 improve the tower of two machine one in cooling tower heat exchange efficiency decreasing water distribution method, it is characterised in that:Also Including step S6, step S6 is as follows:
S6) operational factor is detected, if operational factor is with to record operational factor corresponding, chooses cooling tower in correspondingly operational factor Corresponding valve opening group number is used as the valve opening group number during operation during efficiency optimization;If operational factor is not recorded, walked Rapid S3 to S5.
4. it is according to claim 3 improve the tower of two machine one in cooling tower heat exchange efficiency decreasing water distribution method, it is characterised in that:If Determine cooling tower circulating pump quantity usual range and ambient temperature interval usual range;Step S5 is as follows:
S5) repeat step S3 and S4, obtain institute under cooling tower circulating pump quantity usual range and ambient temperature interval usual range Have the interval corresponding S3 and S4 gained cooling tower parameter of cooling tower circulating pump quantity and ambient temperature, according to operational factor to S3 and S4 gained cooling tower parameters are sorted out, and obtain corresponding valve opening group number during efficiency of cooling tower optimum under identical operational factor.
5. according to the decreasing water distribution method of cooling tower heat exchange efficiency in the arbitrary described tower of two machine of raising one of Claims 1-4, its feature It is:Each detection time at least 1h in step S3 and S4, detects every time at least two groups of gained cooling tower parameter;The step The cooling tower parameter that rapid S5 is processed is the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of step S3 and S4 gained cooling tower parameters.
6. it is according to claim 5 improve the tower of two machine one in cooling tower heat exchange efficiency decreasing water distribution method, it is characterised in that:Institute Stating cooling tower parameter includes air dry bulb and wet bulb temperature, enters tower water temperature t1, outlet water temperature t2With go out tower pathogenic wind-warm, step S5 The optimum selecting step of efficiency of cooling tower includes:
S51) by assuming at least three groups outlet water temperature t2Show that corresponding cooling number Ω, cooling number Ω are calculated according to following formula:
Ω:Cooling number;
Cw:The specific heat of water, kJ/kg DEG C;
Δt:Turnover tower water temperature difference, DEG C;
h”1、h”2、h”m:It is respectively saturated air enthalpy corresponding into tower water temperature, outlet water temperature and average temperature, kJ/kg;
h1、h2、hm:It is respectively into tower temperature, the corresponding enthalpy of exhaust gas temperature and the meansigma methodss of the two, kJ/kg;
S52) according to S51 gained t2Curve Ω=f (t are fitted with Ω2)
The thermal performance curve adopted when S53) according to cooling Deethanizer design or formula, by actual measurement gas-water ratio λtCorresponding Ω ' is tried to achieve, The curve fitted in substituting into formula 2., is calculated calculating water temperature ta
S54) choose and calculate water temperature taWith enter tower water temperature t1Difference the maximum is optimum as efficiency of cooling tower.
CN201710002532.2A 2017-01-03 2017-01-03 A kind of decreasing water distribution method improving cooling tower heat exchange efficiency in two machines, one tower Expired - Fee Related CN106679493B (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0611296A (en) * 1992-06-25 1994-01-21 Takasago Thermal Eng Co Ltd Open type cooling tower
CN201828186U (en) * 2010-08-10 2011-05-11 韩建平 Water distribution ring of hyperbolic natural ventilation cooling tower
CN102322747A (en) * 2011-08-01 2012-01-18 山西省电力勘测设计院 Indirect cooling system of header system consisting of two turbines and one tower
CN103884202A (en) * 2014-02-26 2014-06-25 中国核电工程有限公司 Design method of mechanical draft cooling tower of essential service water system in nuclear power plant
CN203881204U (en) * 2014-05-16 2014-10-15 中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院 Internal water distributing zoning device of wet natural draft cooling tower

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0611296A (en) * 1992-06-25 1994-01-21 Takasago Thermal Eng Co Ltd Open type cooling tower
CN201828186U (en) * 2010-08-10 2011-05-11 韩建平 Water distribution ring of hyperbolic natural ventilation cooling tower
CN102322747A (en) * 2011-08-01 2012-01-18 山西省电力勘测设计院 Indirect cooling system of header system consisting of two turbines and one tower
CN103884202A (en) * 2014-02-26 2014-06-25 中国核电工程有限公司 Design method of mechanical draft cooling tower of essential service water system in nuclear power plant
CN203881204U (en) * 2014-05-16 2014-10-15 中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院 Internal water distributing zoning device of wet natural draft cooling tower

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