CN106678875B - A kind of main combustion stage uses the low emission combustor of spray bar fuel feeding - Google Patents
A kind of main combustion stage uses the low emission combustor of spray bar fuel feeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN106678875B CN106678875B CN201610545385.9A CN201610545385A CN106678875B CN 106678875 B CN106678875 B CN 106678875B CN 201610545385 A CN201610545385 A CN 201610545385A CN 106678875 B CN106678875 B CN 106678875B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/38—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply comprising rotary fuel injection means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/286—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply having fuel-air premixing devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
- F23R3/58—Cyclone or vortex type combustion chambers
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the low emission combustors that a kind of main combustion stage uses spray bar fuel feeding, and using monocycle cavity configuration, primary structure includes diffuser, combustion box, burner inner liner and head of combustion chamber；Combustion air all enters burner inner liner by head of combustion chamber, using center fractional combustion scheme, is divided into pre-combustion grade and main combustion stage；Main combustion stage use premixed combustion mode, pre-combustion grade in a manner of non-premixed combustion based on；Pre-combustion grade is using axially or radially cyclone；Main combustion stage uses premixed combustion, and in main combustion stage cyclone downstream, setting has effigurate spray bar；Spray bar improves fuel oil eject position, optimization design spray bar inclination angle, it is crushed to be atomized directly in main combustion stage air-flow mainstream after spraying fuel oil, avoids fuel oil and be attached to main combustion stage vias inner walls face, while reduced operating condition and changing the influence blended to main combustion stage fuel oil；Degree of radial uniformity of the fuel oil in main combustion stage channel is finally improved, the disposal of pollutants of combustion chamber can be significantly reduced under big operating condition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of low emission combustor, in particular to a kind of main combustion stage is fired using the low emission of spray bar fuel feeding
Burn room.
Background technique
The main pollutant effulent of gas turbine includes: nitrogen oxides (NOx), and carbon monoxide (CO) is unburned hydrocarbon (UHC)
With smolder (Smoke) etc..In four kinds of main emissions, carbon monoxide (CO), unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) and (Smoke) master that smolders
It to be influenced, be burnt more abundant, combustion zone temperature is higher, and discharge amount is lower by the completeness of combustion reaction；And nitrogen oxides
(NOx) again mainly by heating power type mechanism, combustion zone temperature is excessively high so that NOx emission is sharply increased.Therefore these two types of discharges
Object there are problems that it is conflicting, be difficult to balance.It, can be compared with the study found that when head of combustion chamber equivalent proportion is 0.6~0.8
Two kinds of emissions are taken into account well；While reducing head entirety equivalent proportion, the uniformity coefficient of fuel oil blending is most important, otherwise
Combustion zone is easy to appear close to the hot spot region of appropriate ratio, so that discharged nitrous oxides be made to be difficult to control.In conclusion modern low
The core technology of discharge combustion chamber is exactly, and while keeping head poor oil firing, reinforces the blending of fuel oil and air, to be
Burner inner liner provides more uniform gas mixture.
Wherein, the blending of main combustion stage fuel oil is the key that determine combustion chamber discharge.The famous aviation of current existing several moneys
Wall surface radial spray (combustion chamber TAPS of GE company), wall surface radial spray+pre- diaphragm plate is respectively adopted in gas-turbine combustion chamber
(combustion chamber TELESS of Beijing Institute of Aeronautics) and pre- film spray (combustion chamber Lean Burn of RRD company).There are structures to answer for pre- film injection
It is miscellaneous, the problem of being difficult to carry out on big nozzle.And first two wall surface radial spray scheme, the penetration depth of fuel oil is by ratio of momentum control
System, as shown in figure 8, penetration depth is big under big operating condition, the blending of fuel oil and main combustion stage eddy flow is stronger, but radial distribution is equal
Evenness is still not good enough；But under small operating condition, fuel flow is small, and ratio of momentum is low, tends to penetration depth deficiency occur, influences
Fuel oil mixing；In addition, part fuel oil is easy to be attached to vias inner walls face, coking or spontaneous combustion is caused to be tempered.Thus wall surface radially sprays
The mixing effect for penetrating scheme is affected by operating condition, and is difficult to balance between different operating conditions, limits the further of emission performance
It is promoted.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is the main combustion stage of existing low emission combustor generally uses wall surface radial spray
Scheme, fuel oil mixing effect change with operating condition, it is difficult to balance is obtained between each operating condition, and that there are degree of radial uniformities is poor,
The adherent problem of part fuel oil, affects combustion chamber emission performance.As shown in figure 9, this programme promotes spray using main combustion stage fuel oil
Scheme is penetrated, fuel oil eject position is improved by main combustion stage oil pipe, fuel oil is directly injected in the mainstream of main combustion stage air-flow,
It solves the problems, such as that part fuel oil is adherent first, while improving the degree of radial uniformity of fuel distribution；Secondly by optimization oil spout
Pipe inspection angle and direction reduces the differential seat angle with main combustion stage air-flow axial direction, weakens engine operating condition variation to fuel oil
The influence of atomization guarantees that under each operating condition, main combustion stage fuel oil can realize preferable mixing effect.Ultimately form uniform oil
Gas mixture enters burner inner liner burning, can reduce the disposal of pollutants of combustion chamber under big operating condition.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems are as follows: a kind of main combustion stage uses the low row of spray bar fuel feeding
Put combustion chamber, it is characterised in that: use monocycle cavity configuration, primary structure include diffuser, combustion box, head of combustion chamber and
Burner inner liner；Combustion air all enters burner inner liner by head of combustion chamber, and tempering air enters from the cooling hole on burner inner liner；
Head of combustion chamber is connect with burner inner liner, and is fixed on combustion box；Combustion chamber uses center fractional combustion scheme, main combustion stage
It is installed on pre-combustion grade periphery, is connect by interstage section with pre-combustion grade；Pre-combustion grade is non-premixed combustion, and pre-combustion grade cyclone uses axis
To or radial scheme；Main combustion stage uses premixed combustion；The main combustion for protruding into main combustion stage channel is provided in main combustion stage cyclone downstream
Grade spray bar；Fuel oil enters main combustion stage collection chamber by main combustion stage fuel supply road, sprays from main combustion stage spray bar and forms master
Fire grade mist of oil；It ultimately forms uniform gas mixture and enters burner inner liner participation burning.
Wherein, single-stage cyclone or more can be used using axially or radially cyclone scheme in the main combustion stage
Grade cyclone.Main combustion stage spray bar is extend into main combustion stage channel, and each main combustion stage has several main combustion stage spray bars.
Wherein, the spray bar height and main combustion stage channel minimum constructive height are 0~0.7, spray bar away from main combustion stage export away from
From being 0.2~1.0 with the ratio between main combustion stage passage length, main combustion stage spray bar can have certain Space compound angle, spray bar
Axial inclination is 0~90 °, and the spray bar tangential tilt of main combustion stage spray bar is 0~90 °, inclination direction and main combustion stage rotation direction phase
Together.
The working principle of the invention: air for combustion accounts for the major part of combustion chamber total air, and all from the beginning
Portion enters burner inner liner, to reduce head equivalent proportion, is conducive to control the generation that combustion zone temperature reduces NOx.Burning tissues
Using center hierarchical approaches, pre-combustion grade is at center, by the way of non-premixed combustion, provides stable Central backflow area to ignite
Main combustion stage；Main combustion stage is in periphery, by the way of premixed combustion, can using axially or radially cyclone, can be used single-stage or
Multi-stage spiral scheme；This programme promotes ejection schemes using main combustion stage fuel oil, improves fuel oil injection by main combustion stage oil pipe
Fuel oil is directly injected in the mainstream of main combustion stage air-flow by position, and under the shear action of main combustion stage eddy flow, fuel oil is in main combustion stage
Atomization is broken among channel, and the radial distribution uniformity so as to improve mist of oil in main combustion stage channel weakens engine operating condition
Change the influence to fuel oil mixing effect, and avoids the phenomenon that part fuel oil attaches wall surface.
The present invention has the advantage that as follows compared with prior art:
(1) main combustion stage of the invention is promoted using the fuel system for promoting injection by the way that the spray bar of certain length is arranged
Fuel oil is introduced the mainstream in main combustion stage channel, solves the problems, such as that part fuel oil is adherent by fuel-injected height；
(2) main combustion stage of the invention reduces the angle with main combustion stage air-flow axial direction using the fuel system for promoting injection
It is poor to spend, and weakens influence of the engine operating condition to fuel-oil atmozation, guarantees under each operating condition, main combustion stage fuel oil can be realized preferably
Mixing effect；
(3) main combustion stage of the invention it is high can to optimize spray bar according to the design needs using the fuel system for promoting injection
Degree, axial position, spray angle and direction have the very wide scope of application to realize good fuel oil mixed effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is engine structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is chamber structure schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is head of combustion chamber structure sectional view figure of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view that main combustion stage of the invention assembles spray bar；
Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional view that main combustion stage of the invention assembles spray bar；
Fig. 6 is the longitudinal section that main combustion stage of the invention assembles spray bar；
Fig. 7 is the schematic three dimensional views that main combustion stage of the invention assembles spray bar；
Fig. 8 is wall surface radial spray main combustion stage mist of oil distribution schematic diagram, and wherein Fig. 8 (a) is big operating condition wall surface radial spray
Main combustion stage mist of oil distribution schematic diagram, Fig. 8 (b) are small operating condition wall surface radial spray main combustion stage mist of oil distribution schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 is to promote injection main combustion stage mist of oil distribution schematic diagram；
In figure: 1 is low-pressure compressor, and 2 be high-pressure compressor, and 3 be transmission shaft, and 4 be combustion chamber, and 5 be high-pressure turbine, and 6 are
Low-pressure turbine, 7 be diffuser, and 8 be pre-combustion grade fuel supply road, and 9 be main combustion stage fuel supply road, and 10 be combustion box, 11
It is burner inner liner for head of combustion chamber, 12,13 be pre-combustion grade nozzle, and 14 be pre-combustion grade, and 15 be interstage section, and 16 be main combustion stage, and 17 are
Main combustion stage outer ring, 18 install side for main combustion stage, and 19 be pre-combustion grade cyclone, and 20 be main combustion stage oil collecting ring, and 21 be main combustion stage inner ring,
22 be main combustion stage cyclone, and 23 be interstage section cooling hole, and 24 be interstage section baffle, and 25 be pre-combustion grade sleeve cooling hole, based on 26
Grade channel outer wall face is fired, 27 be main combustion stage vias inner walls face, and 28 be main combustion stage spray bar, and 29 be main combustion stage collection chamber, based on 30
Grade oil-through-hole is fired, 31 be spray bar tangential tilt, and 32 be main combustion stage channel, and 33 be main combustion stage cooling hole, and 34 be main combustion stage baffle,
35 be main combustion stage purge gass, and 36 be main combustion stage mist of oil, and grade import channel height is fired based on 37, and 38 be main combustion stage rotation direction, and 39 be spray
Oil pipe height, 40 be main combustion stage channel minimum constructive height, and 41 export distance away from main combustion stage for spray bar, and 42 is long for main combustion stage channel
Degree, 43 be spray bar axial inclination.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is engine structure schematic diagram, including low-pressure compressor 1, high-pressure compressor 2, combustion chamber 4,5 He of high-pressure turbine
Low-pressure turbine 6, compressor and turbine are connected with each other by transmission shaft 3.When engine operation, air passes through 1 He of low-pressure compressor
High-pressure compressor 2 enters combustion chamber 4 after compressing, and by spraying into fuel oil and organizing to burn, forms the combustion gas of high temperature and pressure, impact is high
Turbine 5 and low-pressure turbine 6 are pressed, to drive low-pressure compressor 1 and high-pressure compressor 2 to do work, and output power.
As shown in Fig. 2, primary structure includes diffuser 7, combustion box 10, head of combustion chamber using monocycle cavity configuration
11 and burner inner liner 12；Combustion air all enters burner inner liner 12 by head of combustion chamber 11, and tempering air is from burner inner liner 12
Cooling hole enter；Head of combustion chamber 11 is connect with burner inner liner 12, and is fixed on combustion box 10.Fuel oil passes through pre- respectively
It fires grade fuel supply road 8 and main combustion stage fuel supply road 9 enters head of combustion chamber 11, blend to form uniform mix with rotational flow air
Object is closed to enter burner inner liner and participate in burning.High-temperature fuel gas after burning is discharged from combustor exit.
It is connect as shown in figure 3, head of combustion chamber 11 installs side 18 by main combustion stage with burner inner liner 12.Combustion chamber is using classification
Combustion scheme, is divided into pre-combustion grade 14 and main combustion stage 16, and the two is coaxial with pre-combustion grade nozzle 13.Main combustion stage 16 is arranged in pre-combustion grade 14
Periphery is attached thereto by interstage section 15.Pre-combustion grade cyclone 19 can be using axially or radially cyclone scheme.Air passes through
Interstage section cooling hole 23, a part impact interstage section baffle 24 are cooled down, and another part passes through pre-combustion grade sleeve cooling hole 25
Pre-combustion grade sleeve 22 is cooled down.Main combustion stage 16 uses premixed combustion, and main combustion stage cyclone 22 can be using axially or radially
Scheme, using single-stage or Multi-stage spiral, herein for single-stage bladed axial swirler.Main combustion stage nozzle is by main combustion stage oil-collecting
Ring 20, main combustion stage vias inner walls face 27, main combustion stage spray bar 28 are composed.Each main combustion stage 16 is sprayed comprising several main combustion stages
Oil pipe 28.Fuel oil enters main combustion stage collection chamber 29 from main combustion stage fuel supply road 9, then along main combustion stage oil-through-hole 30, from master
Combustion grade spray bar 28 is directly injected among main combustion stage channel 32, and broken, formation is atomized under the shear action of main combustion stage eddy flow
Main combustion stage mist of oil 36 ultimately forms uniform gas mixture and enters the burning of burner inner liner 12.Main combustion is provided on main combustion stage outer ring 17
Grade cooling hole 33, and connect with main combustion stage baffle 34, so that cooling main combustion stage baffle 34 avoids structural failure, it is formed simultaneously one
Main combustion stage purge gass 35 can prevent main combustion stage to be tempered.
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6, spray bar height 39 and main combustion stage minimum constructive height 40 are 0~0.7, and spray bar is away from master
Firing grade outlet the ratio between distance 41 and main combustion stage passage length 42 is 0.2~1.0, and spray bar axial inclination 43 is 0~90 °；Main combustion
The spray bar tangential tilt 31 of grade spray bar 28 is 0~90 °, and inclination direction is identical as main combustion stage rotation direction 38；Main combustion stage channel 32
For circular passage, the ratio between main combustion stage channel minimum constructive height 40 and main combustion stage intake channel height 37 are 0.2~1.0；Spray bar is high
The selection of degree 39, spray bar away from parameters such as main combustion stage outlet distance 41, spray bar axial inclination 43 and spray bar tangential tilts 31
Should be avoided makes the direct splash of main combustion stage mist of oil 36 to main combustion stage channel outer wall face 26.
As shown in fig. 6, the assembly relation (longitudinal section) of main combustion stage 16 and main combustion stage spray bar 28.
As shown in fig. 7, the assembly relation (schematic three dimensional views) of main combustion stage 16 and main combustion stage spray bar 28.
Any technical solution disclosed in aforementioned present invention unless otherwise stated, if it discloses numberical range,
Disclosed numberical range is preferred numberical range, and any it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art preferred numberical ranges
The only obvious or representative numerical value of technical effect in many enforceable numerical value.It, can not since numerical value is more
Exhaustion, so the present invention just discloses technical solution of the component values to illustrate the present invention, also, the above-mentioned numerical value enumerated is not
The limitation to the invention protection scope should be constituted.
Finally it should be noted that: the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical scheme of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof；To the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments for pipe, those of ordinary skills in the art should understand that；Still
It can modify to a specific embodiment of the invention or some technical features can be equivalently replaced；Without departing from this hair
The spirit of bright technical solution should all cover within the scope of the technical scheme claimed by the invention.
Claims (2)
1. the low emission combustor that a kind of main combustion stage uses spray bar fuel feeding, it is characterised in that: monocycle cavity configuration is used, it is main to tie
Structure includes diffuser (7), combustion box (10), head of combustion chamber (11) and burner inner liner (12)；Combustion air is all by firing
It burns chamber-head portion (11) and enters burner inner liner (12), tempering air enters from the cooling hole on burner inner liner (12)；Head of combustion chamber
(11) it connect, and is fixed on combustion box (10) with burner inner liner (12)；Combustion chamber uses center fractional combustion scheme, main combustion
Grade (16) is installed on pre-combustion grade (14) periphery, is connect by interstage section (15) with pre-combustion grade (14)；Pre-combustion grade (14) is non-premix
Burning, pre-combustion grade cyclone (19) is using axially or radially scheme；Main combustion stage (16) uses premixed combustion；In main combustion stage cyclone
(22) downstream is provided with the main combustion stage spray bar (28) for protruding into main combustion stage channel (32)；Fuel oil passes through main combustion stage fuel supply road
(9) enter main combustion stage collection chamber (29), sprayed from main combustion stage spray bar (28) and form main combustion stage mist of oil (36)；It ultimately forms
Even gas mixture enters burner inner liner (12) and participates in burning.
2. the low emission combustor that a kind of main combustion stage according to claim 1 uses spray bar fuel feeding, it is characterised in that: main
Single-stage cyclone or Multi-stage spiral device, main combustion stage can be can be used using axially or radially cyclone scheme by firing grade (16)
Spray bar (28) is extend into main combustion stage channel (32), and each main combustion stage (16) has several main combustion stage spray bars (28).
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| CN201610545385.9A CN106678875B (en) | 2016-07-12 | 2016-07-12 | A kind of main combustion stage uses the low emission combustor of spray bar fuel feeding |
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| CN201610545385.9A CN106678875B (en) | 2016-07-12 | 2016-07-12 | A kind of main combustion stage uses the low emission combustor of spray bar fuel feeding |
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| CN106678875B true CN106678875B (en) | 2019-08-09 |
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| CN107559881B (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2019-09-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of main combustion stage uses the low pollution combustor head construction of angular injection nozzle |
| CN108332234B (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2019-12-20 | 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 | Multi-fuel-adaptive combustion chamber and multi-stage fuel supply premixing and control method |
| CN110657455B (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-09-14 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Combustion chamber |
| CN110878948B (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2023-05-23 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Gas turbine axial staged combustor and control method thereof |
| CN110925796A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-03-27 | 西北工业大学 | Stepped low-pollution combustion chamber structure |
| CN111023154B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2024-08-30 | 新奥能源动力科技（上海）有限公司 | Fuel nozzle and combustion chamber |
| CN111256167B (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2021-09-14 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Rotary oil injection rod structure |
| CN111878849B (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2023-09-26 | 西北工业大学 | Double-vortex control grading partition combustion chamber head |
| CN114234234A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-25 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0三研究所 | Integrated pressure swirl atomizing nozzle of gas turbine and combustor with nozzle |
| CN115218217B (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2023-06-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | Main combustion stage head of central staged combustion chamber adopting porous multi-angle oil injection ring structure |
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