CN106676438A - Method for improving thermal forming efficiency and forming property of aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Method for improving thermal forming efficiency and forming property of aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN106676438A CN106676438A CN201611164090.3A CN201611164090A CN106676438A CN 106676438 A CN106676438 A CN 106676438A CN 201611164090 A CN201611164090 A CN 201611164090A CN 106676438 A CN106676438 A CN 106676438A
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- aluminum alloy
- forming efficiency
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/68—Temporary coatings or embedding materials applied before or during heat treatment
- C21D1/70—Temporary coatings or embedding materials applied before or during heat treatment while heating or quenching
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving thermal forming efficiency and forming property of aluminum alloy. The method comprises the following steps that (1) the surface of an aluminum alloy blank is coated with paint with high absorption rate and lubricating effect; (2) the aluminum alloy blank is put in a first heating furnace with set specific heating temperature to be heated, and heat preservation is carried out; (3) the aluminum alloy blank is transferred to a forming die after being taken out of the first heating furnace; (4) the forming die is driven by a pressure machine to be closed so that the aluminum alloy blank can be formed and cooled with fixed pressure; and (5) the formed and cooled part is put in a second heating furnace with set specific heating temperature to be heated, heat preservation is carried out, the part is taken out after artificial aging treatment, and then the formed aluminum alloy part can be obtained. The method remarkably shortens the solution treatment time of aluminum alloy and time of artificial aging treatment, improves the forming performance of aluminum alloy during thermal formation, improves the energy utilization efficiency, and greatly improves the production efficiency and product quality of thermal forming of aluminum alloy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aluminum alloy heat is processed and hot forming field, more particularly, to a kind of aluminum alloy heat shaping is improved
The method of efficiency and formability.
Background technology
In recent years, in order to meet the needs of safety and energy-saving and emission-reduction (loss of weight), high-performance metal plate (such as high-strength steel and
Aluminium alloy etc.) it receive widespread attention.In China Automobile Industry so far, ferrous materials there is no longer the excessive room for maneuver,
So replace original ferrous materials to become in automobile industry using new high intensity aluminum, magnesium and other light alloy materials generally closing
The focus of note.Aluminium alloy has the features such as easy processing, conductivity are strong, proportion is little, specific strength is high, appearance is good, and aluminum is closed
Metallographic is recovered more easily to steel.Can mitigate the weight of body of a motor car by using aluminum alloy materials, make on body of a motor car
Tare 30%~40% can be reduced with aluminum alloy materials, further can be with loss of weight up to 50% using aluminum alloy materials.Cause
This, aluminium alloy is a kind of optimal light weight material in automobile.Due to the lifting of formation of parts complexity, traditional cold punching is pressed into
The problems such as shape technology cannot overcome resilience, dimensional accuracy and the rupture that alloy plate material shapes.Hot forming can utilize higher temperature
The good plasticity of lower aluminium alloy realizes high intensity by means such as solution hardening and ageing strengthenings producing complex component
And while reducing resilience, it is ensured that dimensional accuracy, it is to avoid rupture.
Aluminum alloy heat shapes indispensable step shaping, solution hardening and timeliness.It is general to adopt in existing technology more
Aluminium alloy is heated with air furnace, due to aluminium alloy reflective (absorbance is low), 10-15 point is generally required in this case
The solid solubility temperature needed for reaching can just be enabled aluminum alloy to the heat time heating time of clock, then punching press is carried out after certain temperature retention time and quenched
Fire etc..Generally process lasts 10-50 minutes, extremely low efficiency significantly limit the hot formed industry of aluminium alloy
Change.And because temperature is low during artificial aging, the efficiency of heating surface is lower, the process typically by the hour calculating, which also limits
The hot formed industrial mass application of aluminium alloy.In addition, in aluminum alloy heat forming process in order to avoid occur rupture and
The problems such as plucking, it usually needs use fire-resistant lubricants, and be mainly coated on mould.
Have in prior art and aluminium alloy is heated using fluidized bed furnace, but its effect is relatively simple.Canadian sliding rail
Using the coating substance comprising boron nitride, for improving, firing rate at patch plate is slow to ask Lu great Xue on high-strength steel patch plate
Topic, not yet finds to be applied in aluminium alloy.Material containing boron nitride as high-temperature lubricant be used successfully to it is related
Some industries, but it is mainly coated on realization lubrication on mould.Graphite is also a kind of fire-resistant lubricants, but such as boron nitride one
Sample, is typically coated with and lubrication is realized on mould, and has not been used on aluminium alloy shorten solution time.
Patent documentation CN101638761A discloses a kind of non-isothermal technique to realize aluminium alloy accelerated solution treatment process,
The method include set up plus chemical container in temperature, the temperature higher than the alloy soaking temperature but less than its liquidus curve temperature
Degree, quickly heats the alloy to the soaking temperature in the first heating operation, reduces the temperature in described plus chemical container
Spend to the soaking temperature, then heat the alloy to more than described by gradually stepping up temperature in the second heating operation
The temperature of soaking temperature.This method cocoa was completed with the solution time for enabling aluminum alloy in three minutes, however it is necessary that according to special
The computational methods that profit is provided are cumbersome formulating technique, additionally, the method also needs to two heaters, capacity usage ratio
It is low.
The content of the invention
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of prior art, the present invention provide it is a kind of improve aluminum alloy heat forming efficiency and
The method of formability, the method is increased using aluminum alloy blank surface after coating coating to the absorbance of heating furnace radiation absorption
Plus and lifted aluminium alloy the efficiency of heating surface principle lifted aluminum alloy blank solid solution speed and artificial aging speed, shorten profit
The time processed Aluminium Alloy Solution Treatment and artificial aging with heating furnace, the efficiency of heating surface is improved, energy has been saved, so as to drop
Low production cost, improving production efficiency.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides a kind of method for improving aluminum alloy heat forming efficiency and formability, should
Method comprises the steps：
(1) there is high-absorbility and coating with lubrication in aluminum alloy blank surface-coated；
(2) aluminum alloy blank is placed in the first heating furnace for setting specific heating-up temperature and heats and be incubated；
(3) it is transferred on shaping dies after is taken out from the first heating furnace the aluminum alloy blank；
(4) shaping dies are closed under the drive of forcing press makes the aluminum alloy blank shaping and pressurize cooling；
(5) part after shaping cooling is placed in the second heating furnace for setting specific heating-up temperature and heats and be incubated, entered
Take out after row artificial aging, you can aluminum alloy part after being shaped.
Preferably, aluminum alloy blank described in step (1) is heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy plate materials or tubing.
Preferably, the absorbance of coating described in step (1) is 0.3-0.8.
Preferably, the specific heating temperature range of the first heating furnace described in step (2) is 400-600 DEG C.
Preferably, temperature retention time described in step (2) is 1-10min.
Preferably, transfer time described in step (2) is 1-10s.
Preferably, cool time described in step (4) is 3-15s.
Preferably, temperature retention time described in step (4) is 10-60min.
Preferably, the coefficient of friction described in step (4) between aluminum alloy blank and mould is less than 0.3.
Preferably, the specific heating temperature range of the second heating furnace described in step (5) is 100-300 DEG C.
In general, by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art, can obtain down and show
Beneficial effect：
(1) present invention is greatly increased using aluminum alloy blank surface after coating coating to the absorbance of heating furnace radiation absorption
And the principle for lifting the efficiency of heating surface of aluminium alloy lifts the solid solution speed and artificial aging speed of aluminum alloy blank, utilization is shortened
The time that heating furnace is processed Aluminium Alloy Solution Treatment and artificial aging, the efficiency of heating surface is improved, energy has been saved, so as to reduce
Production cost, improving production efficiency.
(2) present invention is substantially reduced the frictional force between blank and mould in forming process and is lifted shaping using coating
Property, solves the problems, such as or eliminates that part is cracking and plucking.
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is not used to limit only to explain the present invention
The fixed present invention.As long as additionally, technical characteristic involved in invention described below each embodiment is each other
Not constituting conflict just can be mutually combined.
The present invention provides a kind of method for improving aluminum alloy heat forming efficiency and formability, comprises the steps：
(1) there is high-absorbility and coating with lubrication in aluminum alloy blank surface-coated.Wherein high-absorbility
And the absorbance of the coating with lubrication is 0.3-0.8 (variation with temperature and change), high temperature resistant scope is 300-600
DEG C, coefficient of friction is less than 0.3, such as from boron nitride, graphite etc., from the material with above-mentioned performance as coating, and can be with
Increase the absorption to radiating in heating process and accelerate firing rate so that aluminium alloy accelerates solid solution in the first heating furnace,
Accelerate artificial aging in the second heating furnace.Described aluminum alloy blank includes heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy plate materials or pipe
Material, such as 6061 and 7075.
(2) blank is placed in the first heating furnace for setting specific heating-up temperature and heats and be incubated 1-10min, heating process
In enable aluminum alloy to be more quickly completed solid solution because the presence of coating can be faster than firing rate during not coating.Wherein, this is specific
Heating temperature range is 400-600 DEG C, and this is the solid solubility temperature scope of most of heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy.
(3) after is taken out from heating furnace blank in 1-10s fast transfer to shaping dies, it is to avoid transfer time mistake
It is long cause aluminium alloy temperature drop excessively to affect to quench after in aluminium alloy the degree of supersaturation in solute atoms and room and reduce artificial
Mechanical property after timeliness.
(4) shaping dies are closed under the drive of forcing press makes blank shaping and pressurize cooling 3-15s so that aluminum is closed
Golden blank is cooled fast to temperature required while shaping so that solute atoms and room have little time to change and form solute original
Son and the supersaturation in room, are that subsequent artefacts' timeliness formation precipitation strength is laid the groundwork.
(5) part after shaping cooling is placed in the second heating furnace for setting specific heating-up temperature and heats and be incubated 10-
60min carries out being taken out after artificial aging.The specific heating temperature range is 100-300 DEG C, and this is most of heat-treatable strengthened
Artificial aging temperature's scope of aluminium alloy.
A kind of preferred embodiment of the method for improving aluminum alloy heat forming efficiency and formability of the present invention is the following is, it includes
Following steps：
Step (1)：Thickness is about 50 μm of boron nitride coating (main component is nitrogen in the alloy plate material surface-coated
Change boron), wherein the absorbance of the coating is in 0.6-0.8 (variation with temperature and change), the operating temperature in oxidation atmosphere
The upper limit is 1200 DEG C, and coefficient of friction is about 0.2.As a comparison, the uncoated coating of another block of blank.
Step (2)：Above-mentioned blank is placed in the first heating furnace that design temperature is 560 DEG C and heats and be incubated 5min.
Step (3)：After blank is taken out from heating furnace in 10s fast transfer to shaping dies.
Step (4)：The shaping dies are closed under the drive of forcing press makes blank shaping and pressurize cooling 10s.
Step (5)：Part after shaping cooling is placed in the second heating furnace that design temperature is 200 DEG C and is heated and is incubated
15min carries out being taken out after artificial aging.
It is final adopt the mechanical performance index that measures for：The T6 states hardness of the supply of material is 112.3HV10, coats the part of coating
Hardness is 123.6HV10, belongs to more stable T6 states, and mechanical property has reached use requirement, the zero of uncoated coating
The hardness of part is 100.9HV10, and mechanical property is less than stable T6 states, needs just to can apply to actual production life after reprocessing
In；The part for coating coating simultaneously is asked due to having obtained good lubrication in forming process without cracking and plucking
Topic, and there is tear and plucking in forming process in the part of uncoated coating.
In the inventive solutions, the absorbance of the more excellent coating of effect is given in embodiment, but the present invention is not
It is limited in above-described embodiment to provide the absorbance of coating, the absorbance of the coating is 0.3-0.8, can be with Example
0.6-0.8, can also take 0.3-0.5,0.4-0.6,0.5-0.7 etc., and the absorbance of concrete coating determines according to actual needs.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for improving aluminum alloy heat forming efficiency and formability, it is characterised in that the method comprises the steps：
(1) there is high-absorbility and coating with lubrication in aluminum alloy blank surface-coated；
(2) aluminum alloy blank is placed in the first heating furnace for setting specific heating-up temperature and heats and be incubated；
(3) it is transferred on shaping dies after is taken out from the first heating furnace the aluminum alloy blank；
(4) shaping dies are closed under the drive of forcing press makes the aluminum alloy blank shaping and pressurize cooling；
(5) part after shaping cooling is placed in the second heating furnace for setting specific heating-up temperature and heats and be incubated, enter pedestrian
Take out after man-hour effect, you can aluminum alloy part after being shaped.
2. a kind of method for improving aluminum alloy heat forming efficiency and formability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly aluminum alloy blank described in (1) is heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy plate materials or tubing.
3. a kind of method for improving aluminum alloy heat forming efficiency and formability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly the absorbance of coating described in (1) is 0.3-0.8.
4. a kind of method for improving aluminum alloy heat forming efficiency and formability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly the specific heating temperature range of the first heating furnace described in (2) is 400-600 DEG C.
5. a kind of method for improving aluminum alloy heat forming efficiency and formability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly temperature retention time described in (2) is 1-10min.
6. a kind of method for improving aluminum alloy heat forming efficiency and formability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly transfer time described in (2) is 1-10s.
7. a kind of method for improving aluminum alloy heat forming efficiency and formability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly cool time described in (4) is 3-15s.
8. a kind of method for improving aluminum alloy heat forming efficiency and formability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly temperature retention time described in (4) is 10-60min.
9. a kind of method for improving aluminum alloy heat forming efficiency and formability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly the coefficient of friction described in (4) between aluminum alloy blank and mould is less than 0.3.
10. a kind of method for improving aluminum alloy heat forming efficiency and formability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The specific heating temperature range of the second heating furnace described in step (5) is 100-300 DEG C.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107686954A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2018-02-13 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of heat treatment method for improving 7075 aluminum alloy heat press formabilities |
| CN109013105A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-18 | 苏州普热斯勒先进成型技术有限公司 | Automatic spraying coating line and thermoforming production line |
| CN112742938A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-04 | 中铝瑞闽股份有限公司 | Hot stamping forming method for 5-series aluminum alloy for automobile |
| CN115365361A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-11-22 | 吉林大学 | 7075-T6 aluminum alloy contact heating forming method |
| WO2024153135A1 (en) * | 2023-01-18 | 2024-07-25 | 上海新顿长菁科技有限公司 | 6xxx series aluminum alloy forming method and aluminum alloy part prepared using same, and automobile |
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| CN105112824A (en) * | 2015-08-22 | 2015-12-02 | 慈溪市龙山汽配有限公司 | Method for preparing vehicle guide rail |
| CN106164184A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2016-11-23 | 安赛乐米塔尔公司 | Produce the method for the repressed steel part hardening and coating with high production rate |
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Patent Citations (3)
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| CN102534447A (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2012-07-04 | 河海大学 | Combination processing method for improving memory stability of Cu-Al series shape memory alloy |
| CN106164184A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2016-11-23 | 安赛乐米塔尔公司 | Produce the method for the repressed steel part hardening and coating with high production rate |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107686954A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2018-02-13 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of heat treatment method for improving 7075 aluminum alloy heat press formabilities |
| CN109013105A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-18 | 苏州普热斯勒先进成型技术有限公司 | Automatic spraying coating line and thermoforming production line |
| CN112742938A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-04 | 中铝瑞闽股份有限公司 | Hot stamping forming method for 5-series aluminum alloy for automobile |
| CN115365361A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-11-22 | 吉林大学 | 7075-T6 aluminum alloy contact heating forming method |
| WO2024153135A1 (en) * | 2023-01-18 | 2024-07-25 | 上海新顿长菁科技有限公司 | 6xxx series aluminum alloy forming method and aluminum alloy part prepared using same, and automobile |
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